11B-406 Curb Ramps, Blended Transitions and Islands — 2025 California Building Code

11B-406.1 General. Curb ramps, blended transitions and islands on accessible routes shall comply with Section 11B-406. Curb ramps may be perpendicular, parallel, or a combination of perpendicular and parallel.

11B-406.1.1 Perpendicular curb ramps. Perpendicular curb ramps shall comply with Section 11B-406.2.

11B-406.1.2 Parallel curb ramps. Parallel curb ramps shall comply with Section 11B-406.3.

11B-406.1.3 Blended transitions. Blended transitions shall comply with Section 11B-406.4.

11B-406.1.4 Islands. Islands shall comply with Section 11B-406.6.

11B-406.2 Perpendicular curb ramps. Perpendicular curb ramps shall comply with Sections 11B-406.2 and 11B-406.5.

11B-406.2.1 Slope. Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12.

11B-406.2.2 Sides of curb ramps. Where provided, curb ramp flares shall not be steeper than 1:10.

11B-58 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

FIGURE 11B-406.2.2—SIDES OF CURB RAMPS

11B-406.3 Parallel curb ramps. Parallel curb ramps shall comply with Sections 11B-406.3 and 11B-406.5. A parallel curb ramp may be provided with one sloping segment or two opposing sloping segments.

11B-406.3.1 Slope. The running slope of the curb ramp segments shall be in-line with the direction of sidewalk travel. Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12.

11B-406.3.2 Turning space. A turning space 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum by 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum shall be provided at the bottom of the curb ramp. The slope of the turning space in all directions shall be 1:48 maximum.

FIGURE 11B-406.3.2—PARALLEL CURB RAMPS

11B-406.4 Blended transitions. Blended transitions shall comply with Sections 11B-406.4 and 11B-406.5.

11B-406.4.1 Slope. Blended transitions shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:20.

11B-406.5 Common requirements. Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with Section 11B-406.5.

11B-406.5.1 Location. Curb ramps and the flared sides of curb ramps shall be located so that they do not project into vehicular traffic lanes, parking spaces or parking access aisles. Curb ramps at marked crossings shall be wholly contained within the markings, excluding any flared sides.

Exception: Diagonal curb ramps shall comply with Section 11B-406.5.9.

11B-406.5.2 Width. The clear width of curb ramp runs (excluding any flared sides), blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum.

11B-406.5.3 Landings. Landings shall be provided at the tops of curb ramps and blended transitions. The landing clear length shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum. The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the curb ramp, excluding any flared sides, or the blended transition leading to the landing. The slope of the landing in all directions shall be 1:48 maximum.

Exception: Parallel curb ramps shall not be required to comply with Section 11B-406.5.3.

FIGURE 11B- 406.5.3—LANDINGS AT THE TOP OF CURB RAMPS

11B-406.5.4 Floor or ground surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with Section 11B-405.4.

11B-406.5.5 Wet conditions. Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with Section 11B-405.10.

ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

11B-406.5.6 Grade breaks. Grade breaks at the top and bottom of curb ramp runs shall be perpendicular to the direction of the ramp run. Grade breaks shall not be permitted on the surface of ramp runs and turning spaces. Surface slopes that meet at grade breaks shall be flush.

11B-406.5.7 Cross slope. The cross slope of curb ramps and blended transitions shall be 1:48 maximum.

11B-406.5.8 Counter slope. Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to and within 24 inches (610 mm) of the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20. The adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to walks, gutters and streets shall be at the same level.

FIGURE 11B-406.5.8 —COUNTER SLOPE OF SURFACES ADJACENT TO CURB RAMPS

11B-406.5.9 Clear space at diagonal curb ramps. The bottom of diagonal curb ramps shall have a clear space 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum outside active traffic lanes of the roadway. Diagonal curb ramps provided at marked crossings shall provide the 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum clear space within the markings.

11B-406.5.10 Diagonal curb ramps. Diagonal or corner type curb ramps are perpendicular or parallel curb ramps that are oriented diagonally at an intersection. Diagonal or corner type curb ramps with returned curbs or other well-defined edges shall have the edges parallel to the direction of pedestrian flow. Diagonal curb ramps with flared sides shall have a segment of curb 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum located on each side of the curb ramp and within the marked crossing.

FIGURE 11B -406.5.10—DIAGONAL OR CORNER TYPE CURB RAMPS

11B-406.5.11 Reserved.

11B-406.5.12 Detectable warnings. Curb ramps and blended transitions shall have detectable warnings complying with Section 11B-705.

11B-406.6 Islands. Raised islands in crossings shall be cut through level with the street or have curb ramps at both sides. The clear width of the accessible route at islands shall be 60 inches (1524 mm) wide minimum. Where curb ramps are provided, they shall comply with Section 11B-406. Landings complying with Section 11B-406.5.3 and the accessible route shall be permitted to overlap. Islands shall have detectable warnings complying with Section 11B-705.

FIGURE 11B-406.6—ISLANDS IN CROSSINGS

11B-60 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING