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9-8. APPRAISER QUALIFICATIONS

HUD Section 8 Renewal Policy Guidebook · 2026 edition · updated 2026-07-29 · United States

This section provides guidance to Owners and RCS appraisers regarding the required qualifications for an RCS appraiser. It also contains general instructions for preparing an RCS and identifies requirements that need to be followed.

  • A. In order to qualify, the RCS appraiser must:

    1. Be a Certified General Appraiser, licensed and in good standing in the state in which the project is located. The license may be temporary or permanent. (An Owner can obtain a list of RCS appraisers meeting this standard at www.asc.gov or from each state’s appraiser regulatory agency.)

    2. Be currently active and regularly engaged in performing Rent Comparability Studies or appraisals of multifamily housing and demonstrate continuing education relating to multifamily housing, market studies, or advanced market analysis and/or separating non–real property features within a property.

    3. Meet all the requirements of the current competency provision in USPAP and have read this Chapter and Appendices. (Additional or updated information on USPAP can be obtained at www.appraisalfoundation.org.)

    4. Have no prospective or present financial interest in the subject Section 8 project, its Ownership or management agent entity, or the principals of those entities.

    5. Not be an employee of the Owner, the management agent, or the principals of those entities or have a business or close personal/family relationship with those parties that would commonly be perceived to create bias or a conflict of interest.

    6. Not be debarred or suspended from doing business with the Federal Government and not be under a Limited Denial of Participation (LDP) imposed by the Regional Center or Satellite Office having jurisdiction over the subject Section 8 project.

    7. Be in compliance with all applicable civil rights laws and statutes and must not have a recent disciplinary citation or finding related to discrimination within the last three years.

  • B. In preparing the RCS, the RCS appraiser must:

    1. Sign and take full responsibility for the report. Appraisal assistants may contribute to any of the tasks if:

      • a. They are employed by the same firm as the RCS appraiser;

      • b. Are in compliance with all applicable civil rights laws and statutes and not found to have a recent disciplinary citation or finding related to discrimination within the last three years; and

      • c. The report identifies the tasks(s) the assistant RCS appraiser performed. There is no specific restriction on the tasks an assistant may perform with respect to the subject property or comparables.

Chapter Nine – Published March 2023

9

  1. Ensure compliance with this Chapter and its appendices, and with USPAP.

    • a. If this Chapter’s requirements go beyond USPAP, the RCS appraiser must consider the Chapter’s requirements to be supplemental standards and must comply with them.
  • b. The RCS appraiser must comply with the Fair Housing Act and must not use or rely on unsupported conclusions related to the comparable or subject properties or their surrounding areas or issue a valuation influenced because of any characteristic protected by the Fair Housing Act. RCS appraisers’ opinions, conclusions, and reports must be impartial and objective and must not illegally discriminate or contribute to illegal discrimination through subjective or stereotypical assumptions. The Fair Housing Act prohibits a person or entity engaged in the real estate appraisals business from discriminating because of race, color, religion, national origin, sex (including sexual orientation and gender identity), disability, or familial status.
  1. Collect, update, or verify all data within 90 calendar days before the date of the RCS appraiser’s letter transmitting the RCS to the Owner (or to HUD, when HUD purchases the study pursuant to Section 9-14). If more than 90 days will have passed between the date of data collection and transmittal of the RCS, the appraiser may verify or update that data to meet this requirement.

  2. Provide a descriptive analysis following the guidance provided in Sections 9-9 through 9-14 and the detailed instructions under Appendix 9-1. The RCS appraiser must download the electronic versions of Word or Excel files for any tables/grids in the RCS, as provided under Appendix 9-1.

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Contents — HUD Section 8 Renewal Policy Guidebook
HUD Section 8 Renewal Policy Guidebook
  1. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
  2. SPECIAL ATTENTION OF
  3. TRANSMITTAL
  4. A. Purpose
  5. Explanation of Changes
  6. Section 8 Renewal Policy Guidebook
  7. Office of Multifamily Housing
  8. Table of Contents
  9. Chapter One
  10. Introduction
  11. Chapter 1: Introduction
  12. Chapter 2: Section 8 Renewals
  13. Chapter 3: Option One: Mark-Up-To-Market
  14. Chapter 4: Option Two: Contract Renewals For Other Projects wi…
  15. Chapter 5: Option Three: Referral to Recap
  16. Chapter 6: Option Four: Renewal of Projects Exempt from or not…
  17. Chapter 7: Option Five: Renewal of Portfolio Reengineering Dem…
  18. Chapter 8: Option Six: Opt-Outs
  19. Chapter 9: Rent Comparability Studies
  20. Chapter 10: Residual Receipts
  21. Chapter 11: Tenant Issues
  22. Chapter 12: Physical Condition of the Project
  23. Chapter 13: HUD’s Refusal to Renew Section 8 Contracts
  24. Chapter 14: Rural Housing Service (RHS) Section 515/8
  25. Chapter 15: Section 8 Preservation Efforts
  26. — Chapter 16: “Old Regulation” State Housing Finance Agency Pr…
  27. 1-2. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY
  28. 1-3. RULEMAKING
  29. 1-4. ADMINISTRATIVE POLICY
  30. 1-5. APPLICABILITY
  31. 1-6. PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT
  32. Chapter Two
  33. Section 8 Renewals
  34. 2-1. INTRODUCTION
  35. 2-2. OWNER OPTIONS
  36. 2-3. TYPES OF RENEWALS
  37. 2-4. EARLY TERMINATION OF A CONTRACT
  38. 2-5. RENT COMPARABILITY STUDY (RCS)
  39. Note: The AE/CA shall not lower the comparable market rents in…
  40. Note: A RCS is not required at any subsequent renewal of an EL…
  41. 2-6. CONTRACTS
  42. 2-8. SHORT-TERM CONTRACT RENEWALS
  43. 2-10. COMBINING CONTRACTS
  44. 2-11. REQUEST FOR A CONTRACT EXTENSION
  45. 2-12. DISTRIBUTIONS
  46. Note: The conditions listed above for receiving access to incr…
  47. 2-13. RENT ADJUSTMENTS
  48. 2-14. OPERATING COST ADJUSTMENT FACTOR (OCAF)
  49. 2-15. BUDGET-BASED RENT ADJUSTMENT REQUESTS
  50. 2-16. INCREASES IN DEPOSITS TO THE RESERVE FOR REPLACEMENT
  51. 2-17. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
  52. Note: If the project has a budget approved by the AE/CA less t…
  53. Note: HUD does not accept the RHS utility analysis. The owner …
  54. 2-18. WAIVERS
  55. 2-19. DUNS NUMBER
  56. Chapter Three
  57. 3-1. OVERVIEW
  58. 3-3. OPTION ONE-A ENTITLEMENT MARK-UP-TO-MARKET ELIGIBILITY
  59. Note: Nonprofit controlled for profit entities as described in…
  60. 3-4. 150 PERCENT RENT CAP FOR OPTION ONE-A
  61. 3-5. EXCEEDING THE 150 PERCENT OF FMR CAP
  62. 3-6. OPTION ONE-B DISCRETIONARY MUTM ELIGIBILITY
  63. Note: Non-profit owned projects that meet one of the three cri…
  64. 3-7. RENEWAL REQUESTS
  65. 3-8. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
  66. 3-9. ANNUAL RENT ADJUSTMENTS DURING A MULTIYEAR CONTRACT
  67. Chapter Four
  68. 4-1. ELIGIBILITY
  69. Note: Projects currently renewed under either Option Two or Op…
  70. 4-2. CONTRACT RENEWAL
  71. 4-3. ANNUAL RENT ADJUSTMENTS DURING A MULTIYEAR CONTRACT
  72. 4-4. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
  73. Chapter Five
  74. Note: WAIVERS TO CHAPTER FIVE WILL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH RECAP…
  75. Note: Risk Sharing Projects do not meet the definition of “eli…
  76. 5-2. BINDING COMMITMENT
  77. 5-3. ENTRY INTO RECAP
  78. Note: In cases where a CA makes the determination that contrac…
  79. 5-4. CONTRACT RENEWALS — RENT OR DEBT RESTRUCTURING
  80. 5-5. SUBSEQUENT RENEWALS
  81. 5-6. “WATCH LIST” MTM PROJECTS
  82. 5-7. GENERAL INFORMATION
  83. Chapter Six
  84. 6-1. ELIGIBILITY
  85. Note: State and local government financed projects that are no…
  86. Note: In cases where referral to Recap is necessary, CAs must …
  87. Note: Section 202 and 811 Capital Advance projects are not eli…
  88. Note: Projects financed under the risk-sharing loan programs u…
  89. 6-2. RENEWALS
  90. Reminder: For projects (including 202 projects) that are being…
  91. 6-3. RENT ADJUSTMENTS FOR MULTI-YEAR CONTRACTS
  92. 6-4. SECTION 202 REFINANCINGS
  93. Chapter Seven
  94. 7-1. ELIGIBILITY
  95. Portfolio Reengineering Demonstration Program Projects
  96. 7-2. RENEWAL OF PORTFOLIO REENGINEERING DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
  97. FIVE
  98. Note: Owners can request that the existing Demo Program Use Ag…
  99. 7-4. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS FOR DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
  100. 7-5. PRESERVATION PROJECTS (LIHPRHA AND ELIHPA)
  101. 7-6. OWNER’S SUBMISSION FOR PRESERVATION PROJECTS
  102. Note: Owners can request that the existing Preservation Use Ag…
  103. 7-7. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRESERVATION PROJECTS
  104. 7-8. PROJECT SPECIFIC RENTS (PSRS)
  105. Chapter Eight
  106. 8-1. OVERVIEW
  107. 8-2. OWNER REQUIREMENTS FOR TENANT NOTIFICATION
  108. 8-3. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
  109. Note: If proper notification was not provided, the owner must …
  110. Chapter Nine
  111. 9-1. BACKGROUND
  112. 9-2. APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTER NINE
  113. 9-3. ROAD MAP TO CHAPTER NINE
  114. 9-4. ALTERNATIVES TO RENT COMPARABILITY STUDY
  115. 9-6. METHOD TWO: COMPARING PROPOSED SECTION 8 RENTS WITH RENTS…
  116. 9-7. PREPARING A RENT COMPARABILITY STUDY
  117. 9-8. APPRAISER QUALIFICATIONS
  118. 9-9. ANALYZING THE SUBJECT PROJECT
  119. Note: Appraisers should not take into consideration demographi…
  120. Note: Government boundaries like state or county lines often d…
  121. 9-10. SELECTING COMPARABLE UNITS
  122. 9-11. COLLECTING AND DOCUMENTING DATA ON COMPARABLE UNITS
  123. 9-12. COMPUTING ADJUSTED RENTS FOR COMPARABLE UNITS
  124. 9-13. DERIVING ESTIMATED MARKET RENTS
  125. 9-14. PROCEDURE FOR MANDATORY MARKET RENT THRESHOLD
  126. Example Project in ZIP code 76469
  127. 9-15. HUD REVIEW OF RENT COMPARABILITY STUDY
  128. 9-16. INITIAL AND SUBSTANTIVE REVIEW OF OWNER’S RCS
  129. 9-17. COMMUNICATING RESULTS OF HUD/CA REVIEWS
  130. 9-18. OWNER APPEALS
  131. 9-19. IMPOSING SANCTIONS ON APPRAISERS
  132. APPENDICES
  133. - Instructions for Completing the HUD Form 92273 S8
  134. Part A: Rents Charged (lines 1 through 5)
  135. Part B. Design, Location, Condition (lines 6 through 10)
  136. Part C. Unit Equipment/Amenities (lines 11 through 23)
  137. Part D. Site Equipment/Amenities (lines 24 through 32)
  138. Part E. Utilities (lines 33 through 39)
  139. Part F. Adjustments Recap (lines 40 through 43)
  140. Part G. Adjusted Rents (lines 44 through 45)
  141. Required Contents of a Rent Comparability Study
  142. Comparable Project Profile

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