Section 140.9 — California Energy Code (Title 24, Part 6)

PRESCRIPTIVE REQUIREMENTS

FOR COVERED PROCESSES (a) Prescriptive requirements for computer rooms. Computer rooms with a power density greater than 20 W/ft ²

shall comply with this section.

Economizers. Each individual cooling system primarily serving computer room shall include either: A. An integrated air economizer capable of providing

partial cooling even when additional mechanical

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NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR

ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exception 1 to Section 140.9(b)1.B: 75 percent of the total Type I and Type II exhaust replacement air is transfer air that would otherwise be exhausted.

Exception 2 to Section 140.9(b)1.B: Existing hoods not being replaced as part of an addition or alteration.

Kitchen ventilation. A. Mechanically cooled or heated makeup air delivered

to any space with a kitchen hood shall not exceed the greater of:

i. The supply flow required to meet the space heat ing and cooling load; or

ii. The hood exhaust flow minus the available trans fer air from adjacent spaces. Available transfer air is that portion of outdoor ventilation air serving adjacent spaces not required to satisfy other exhaust needs, such as restrooms, not required to maintain pressurization of adjacent spaces, and that would otherwise be relieved from the building.

Exception to Section 140.9(b)2.A: Existing kitchen makeup air units not being replaced as part of an addition or alteration. B. A kitchen/dining facility having a total Type I and

Type II kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate greater than 5,000 cfm shall have one of the following:

i. At least 50 percent of all replacement air is trans fer air that would otherwise be exhausted; or

ii. Demand ventilation system(s) on at least 75 per cent of the exhaust air. Such systems shall:

a. Include controls necessary to modulate air flow in response to appliance operation and to maintain full capture and containment of

mum average efficiency for alternating current-output UPS shall meet or exceed calculation and testing requirements identified in ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPSs) – Eligibility Criteria Version 2.0.

where:

P is the rated output power in watts (W).

EMOD is an allowance of 0.004 for modular UPSs applicable in the commercial 1,500–10,000 W range.

ln is the natural logarithm.

The requirement shall be rounded to the third decimal place for certification and reporting.

Exception to Section 140.9(a)4: Alternating currentoutput UPS that utilizes standardized NEMA 1-15P or NEMA 5-15P input plug, as specified in ANSI/NEMA WD-6-2016. (b) Prescriptive requirements for commercial kitchens.

Kitchen exhaust systems. A. Replacement air introduced directly into the hood

cavity of kitchen exhaust hoods shall not exceed 10 percent of the hood exhaust airflow rate.

B. For kitchen/dining facilities having total Type I and

Type II kitchen hood exhaust airflow rates greater than 5,000 cfm, each Type I hood shall have an exhaust rate that complies with Table 140.9-C. If a single hood or hood section is installed over appliances with different duty ratings, then the maximum allowable flow rate for the hood or hood section shall not exceed the Table 140.9-A values for the highest appliance duty rating under the hood or hood section. Refer to ASHRAE Standard 154-2011 for definitions of hood type, appliance duty and next exhaust flow rate.

TABLE 140.9-B ALTERNATING CURRENT-OUTPUT UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY MINIMUM AVERAGE EFFICIENCY

	VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY DEPENDENT	VOLTAGE INDEPENDENT	VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY INDEPENDENT
P < 350 W	5.71× 10-5 × P + 0.962	5.71× 10-5 × P + 0.964	0.011× ln(P) + 0.824
350 W <P <1,500 W	0.982	0.984	0.011× ln(P) + 0.824
1,500 W <P <10,000 W	0.981 –EMOD	0.980 –EMOD	0.0145× ln(P) +0.800 –EMOD
P >10,000 W	0.970	0.940	0.0058× ln(P) + 0.886

TABLE 140.9-C MAXIMUM NET EXHAUST FLOW RATE, CFM PER LINEAR FOOT OF HOOD LENGTH

TYPE OF HOOD	LIGHT DUTY EQUIPMENT	MEDIUM DUTY EQUIPMENT	HEAVY DUTY EQUIPMENT	EXTRA HEAVY DUTY EQUIPMENT
Wall-mounted canopy	140	210	280	385
Single island	280	350	420	490
Double island	175	210	280	385
Eyebrow	175	175	Not allowed	Not allowed
Backshelf/passover	210	210	280	Not allowed

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

smoke, effluent and combustion products during cooking and idle; and

b. Include failsafe controls that result in full flow

upon cooking sensor failure; and

c. Include an adjustable timed override to allow

occupants the ability to temporarily override the system to full flow; and

d. Be capable of reducing exhaust and replace ment air system airflow rates to the larger of:

(i) 50 percent of the total design exhaust and

replacement air system airflow rates; or

(ii) The ventilation rate required as specified

by Section 120.1(c)3.

iii. Listed energy recovery devices with a sensible

heat recovery effectiveness of not less than 40 percent on at least 50 percent of the total exhaust airflow; or

iv. A minimum of 75 percent of makeup air volume

that is:

a. Unheated or heated to no more than 60°F; and

b. Uncooled or cooled without the use of mechan ical cooling.

Exception to Section 140.9(b)2B: Existing hoods not being replaced as part of an addition or alteration.

Kitchen exhaust system acceptance. Before an occupancy permit is granted for a commercial kitchen subject to Section 140.9(b), the following equipment and systems shall be certified as meeting the acceptance requirements for code compliance, as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7. A certificate of acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the equipment and systems meet the acceptance requirements specified in NA7.11.

Exception to Section 140.9(b): healthcare facilities.

1. Airflow reduction requirements. For buildings with laboratory exhaust systems where the minimum circulation rate to comply with code or accreditation standards is 10 ACH or less, the design exhaust airflow shall be capable of reducing zone exhaust and makeup airflow rates to the regulated minimum circulation rate, or the minimum required to maintain pressurization requirements, whichever is larger. Variable exhaust and makeup airflow shall be coordinated to achieve the required space pressurization at varied levels of demand and fan system capacity.

Exception 1 to Section 140.9(c)1: Laboratory exhaust systems serving zones where constant volume is required by the authority having jurisdiction, facility environmental health & safety department or other applicable code.

Exception 2 to Section 140.9(c)1: New zones on an existing constant volume exhaust system.

Exhaust System Transfer Air. Conditioned supply air delivered to any space with mechanical exhaust shall comply with the requirements of Section 140.4(o).
Fan System Power Consumption. All newly installed fan exhaust systems serving a laboratory or factory greater than 10,000 cfm shall meet Subsection A and either B, C, or D:

A. System shall meet all discharge requirements in

ANSI Z9.5-2012.

B. The exhaust fan system power shall not exceed

0.85 watts per cfm of exhaust air for systems with air filtration, scrubbers, or other air treatment devices. For all other exhaust fan systems the system power shall not exceed 0.65 watts per cfm of exhaust air. Exhaust fan system power equals the sum of the power of all fans in the exhaust system that are required to operate at normal occupied design conditions in order to exhaust air from the conditioned space to the outdoors. Exhaust air does not include entrained air, but does include all exhaust air from fume hoods, hazardous exhaust flows, or other manifolded exhaust streams.

Exception to Section 140.9(c)3B: Laboratory exhaust systems where applicable local, state, or federal exhaust treatment requirements specify installation of air treatment devices that cause more than 1 in. of water pressure drop.

C. The volume flow rate at the stack shall vary

based on the measured 5-minute averaged wind speed and wind direction obtained from a calibrated local anemometer.

i. At least one sonic anemometer or at least

two anemometers of other types shall be installed in a location that experiences similar wind conditions to the free stream environment above the exhaust stacks and be at a height that is outside the wake region of nearby structures. ii. Look-up tables shall be used to define the

required exhaust volume flow rate, as a function of at least eight wind speeds and eight wind directions, to maintain downwind concentrations below health and odor limits, as defined by the 2018 American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, for all contaminants, or as defined by applicable local, state, or federal jurisdictions, if more stringent. iii. Wind speed/direction sensors shall be certi fied by the manufacturer to be accurate within plus or minus 40 fpm (0.2 m/s) and 5.0 degrees when measured at sea level and 25°C, factory calibrated, and certified by

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NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR

ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

the manufacturer to require calibration no more frequently than once every 5 years. iv. Upon detection of anemometer and/or signal

failure, the system shall reset the exhaust volume flow rate to the value needed to maintain downwind concentrations below health and odor limits for all contaminants at worst-case wind conditions and shall report the fault to an Energy Management Control System or fault management application which automatically provides notification of the fault to a remote system provider. The EMCS or fault management system shall log the error and the time when it occurred. The system shall have logic that automatically checks for anemometer failure by the following means.

a. If any anemometer has not been

calibrated within the manufacturer’s recommended calibration period, the anemometer has failed. b. During unoccupied periods the system compares the readings of all anemometers. If any anemometer is more than 30% above or below the average reading for a period of 4 hours, the anemometer has failed. c. Wind speed and wind direction

readings shall be sampled at least 10 times per minute. If the difference between the maximum and minimum readings from the average of either the wind direction or the wind speed over a 1-minute period is less than 10% of the average value, the measurements shall be considered a signal failure. d. Other error signals sent by the

can Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices, or as defined by applicable local, state, or federal jurisdictions, if more stringent.

ii. At least two contaminant concentration

sensors shall be Photo Ionization Detectors (PID) certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within plus or minus 5% when measured at sea level and 25°C, factory calibrated, and certified by the manufacturer to require calibration no more frequently than once every 6 months.

iii. Upon detection of sensor and/or signal fail ure, the system shall reset the exhaust volume flow rate to the value needed to maintain downwind concentrations below health and odor limits for all contaminants at worst-case wind conditions and shall report the fault to an Energy Management Control System or fault management application which automatically provides notification of the fault to a remote system provider. The system shall have logic that automatically checks for sensor failure by the following means.

a. If any sensor has not been calibrated

within the manufacturer’s recommended calibration period, the sensor has failed.

b. During unoccupied periods the system compares the readings of all sensors. If any sensor is more than 30% above or below the average reading for a period of 4 hours, the sensor has failed.

iv. Before an occupancy permit is granted for a

laboratory or process facility subject to Section 140.9(c)3D, the applicable equipment and systems shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7.16. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the equipment and systems meet the acceptance requirements specified in NA7.16.

Fume Hood Automatic Sash Closure. Variable air volume laboratory fume hoods with vertical only sashes located in fume hood intensive laboratories, as described in Table 140.9-D, shall have an automatic sash closure system that complies with the following:

A. The automatic sash closure system shall be capa ble of the following:

i. The automatic sash closure system shall

have a dedicated zone presence sensor that detects people in the area near the fume

anemometer. v. Before an occupancy permit is granted for a

laboratory or process facility subject to Section 140.9(c)3C, the applicable equipment and systems shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7.16. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the equipment and systems meet the acceptance requirements specified in NA7.16. D. The volume flow rate at the stack shall vary based

on the measured contaminant concentration in the exhaust plenum from a calibrated contaminant sensor installed within each exhaust plenum.

i. A contaminant-event threshold shall be

established based on maintaining downwind concentrations below health and odor limits for all chemicals at worst-case wind conditions, as defined by the 2018 Ameri

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TABLE 140.9-D FUME HOOD INTENSIVE LABORATORIES

Occupied Minimum Ventilation ACH	≤ 4	> 4 and ≤ 6	> 6 and ≤8	> 8 and ≤ 10	> 10 and ≤ 12	> 12 and ≤ 14
Hood Density (linear feet per 10,000 ft3 of laboratory space)	≥ 6	≥ 8	≥ 10	≥ 12	≥ 14	≥ 16

hood sash and automatically closes the sash within 5 minutes of no detection. ii. The automatic sash closure system shall

have controls to prevent the sash from automatic closing when a force of no more than 10 lbs is detected. iii. The automatic sash closure system shall be

equipped with an obstruction sensor that prevents the sash from automatic closing with obstructions in the sash opening. Obstruction sensor shall be capable of sensing transparent materials such as laboratory glassware. iv. The automatic sash closure system shall be

Equation 140.10-A, or the total of all available solar access roof area (SARA) multiplied by 14 W/ft².

access. Annual solar access is determined by dividing the total annual solar insolation (accounting for shading obstructions) by the total annual solar insolation if the same areas were unshaded by those obstructions. For all roofs, all obstructions, including those that are external to the building, and obstructions that are part of the building design and elevation features may be considered for the annual solar access calculations. B. Occupied roofs as specified by CBC Section 503.1.4. C. Roof space that is otherwise not available due to

SARA includes the area of the building’s roof space capable of structurally supporting a PV system, and the area of all roof space on covered parking areas, carports and all other newly constructed structures on the site that are compatible with supporting a PV system per Title 24, Part 2, Section 1511.2.
SARA does NOT include: A. Any area that has less than 70 percent annual solar

capable of being configured in a manual open mode where once the sash is closed, detection of people in the area near the fume hood by the zone presence sensor does not open the fume hood sash. B. Fume Hood Automatic Sash Closure Accep

tance. Before an occupancy permit is granted for the fume hoods subject to 140.9(c)4, the equipment and systems shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirement for Code Compliance as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the equipment and systems meet the acceptance requirements specified in NA7.17. Exception to Section 140.9(c): healthcare facilities. Note: Authority: Sections 25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402 and 25402.1, Public Resources Code . Reference: Sections 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.8 and 25943, Public Resources Code.

compliance with other building code requirements if confirmed by the Executive Director.