Section 140.1 — California Energy Code (Title 24, Part 6)

PERFORMANCE APPROACH: ENERGY BUDGETS A building complies with the performance approach if the energy budget calculated for the proposed design building under Subsection (b) is no greater than the energy budget calculated for the standard design building under Subsection (a).

(a) Energy budget for the standard design building. The energy budget for the Standard Design Building is determined by applying the mandatory and prescriptive requirements to the proposed design building. The energy budget is the sum of the TDV energy for space-conditioning, indoor lighting, mechanical ventilation, photovoltaic (PV) and battery storage systems, service water heating and covered process loads.

(b) Energy budget for the proposed design building. The energy budget for a proposed design building is determined by calculating the TDV energy for the proposed design building. The energy budget is the sum of the TDV energy for

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NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

tion 110.8 and 120.7(a)3, insulation shall be placed in direct contact with a roof or drywall ceiling.

TABLE 140.3¶

ROOF/CEILING INSULATION TRADEOFF FOR AGED SOLAR REFLECTANCE—NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Aged Solar Reflectance	Metal Building Climate Zone 1-16 U-factor	Wood Framed and Other Climate Zones 6-8 U-factor	Wood Framed and Other All Other Climate Zones U-factor
0.62-0.56	0.038	0.045	0.032
0.55-0.46	0.035	0.042	0.030
0.45-0.36	0.033	0.039	0.029
0.35-0.25	0.031	0.037	0.028

A. Roofing products. Shall meet the requirements of

Section 110.8 and the applicable requirements of Subsections i through ii:

i. Nonresidential buildings:

a. Low-sloped roofs in climate zones 1 through

16 shall have:

A minimum aged solar reflectance of 0.63 and a minimum thermal emittance of 0.75; or
A minimum solar reflectance index (SRI) of 75.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)1Aia: Woodframed roofs in climate zones 3 and 5 are exempt from the requirements of Section 140.3(a)1Aia if the roof assembly has a U -factor of 0.034 or lower.

Exception2 to Section 140.3(a)1Aia: Roof constructions with a weight of at least 25 lb/ft ²

over the roof membrane are exempt from the requirements of Section 140.3(a)1Aia.

Exception 3 to Section 140.3(a)1Aia: An aged solar reflectance less than 0.63 is allowed provided the maximum roof/ceiling U -factor in Table 140.3 is not exceeded.

b. Steep-sloped roofs:

in Climate Zones 1 and 3 shall have a minimum aged solar reflectance of 0.20 and a minimum thermal emittance of 0.75, or a minimum SRI of 16.
in Climate Zones 2 and 4 through 16 shall have a minimum aged solar reflectance of 0.25 and a minimum thermal emittance of 0.80, or a minimum SRI of 23.

ii. Guest rooms of hotel and motel buildings:

a. Low-sloped roofs in Climate Zones 9, 10, 11,

13, 14 and 15 shall have a minimum aged solar reflectance of 0.55 and a minimum thermal emittance of 0.75, or a minimum SRI of 64.

Exception to Section 140.3(a)1Aiia: Roof constructions with a weight of at least 25 lb/ft ²

over the roof membrane.

b. Steep-sloped roofs in Climate Zones 2 through

15 shall have a minimum aged solar reflectance of 0.20 and a minimum thermal emittance of 0.75, or a minimum SRI of 16.

Exception to Section 140.3(a)1A: Roof area covered by building integrated photovoltaic panels and building integrated solar thermal panels are not required to meet the minimum requirements for solar reflectance, thermal emittance, or SRI. B. Roof insulation. Roofs shall have an overall assem bly U -factor no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D, and where required by Sec

Exterior walls. Exterior walls shall have an overall assembly U -factor no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.
Demising walls. Demising walls shall meet the requirements of Section 120.7(b)7. Vertical windows in demising walls between conditioned and unconditioned spaces shall have an area-weighted average U-factor no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.
Exterior floors and soffits. Exterior floors and soffits shall have an overall assembly U -factor no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.
Exterior Windows. Vertical windows in exterior walls shall: A. Percent window area shall be limited in accordance

with the applicable requirements of i and ii below:

i. a west-facing area no greater than 40 percent

of the gross west-facing exterior wall area, or 6 feet times the west-facing display perimeter, whichever is greater;

ii. a total area no greater than 40 percent of the

gross exterior wall area, or 6 feet times the display perimeter, whichever is greater; and

NOTE: Demising walls are not exterior walls, and therefore demising wall area is not part of the gross exterior wall area or display perimeter and windows in demising walls are not part of the window area.

Exception to Section 140.3(a)5A : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply. B. Have an area-weighted average U -factor no greater

than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)5B : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)5B: For vertical windows containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. The lower-rated labeled U -factor shall be used

with automatic controls to modulate the amount of heat flow into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; and

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ii. Chromogenic glazing shall be considered sep arately from other glazing; and

iii. Area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

C. Have an area-weighted average relative solar heat

gain coefficient, RSHGC, excluding the effects of interior shading, no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.

For purposes of this paragraph, the relative solar heat gain coefficient, RSHGC, of a vertical window is:

i. The solar heat gain coefficient of the win dows; or

ii. Relative solar heat gain coefficient is calcu lated using Equation 140.3-A, if the window has an overhang or exterior horizontal slats that extend beyond each side of the window jamb by a distance equal to the overhang’s horizontal projection.

Exception 1 to Section 143(a)5C: An areaweighted average relative solar heat gain coefficient of 0.56 or less shall be used for windows:

a. That are in the first story of exterior walls

that form a display perimeter; and

b. For which codes restrict the use of over hangs to shade the windows.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)5C: For vertical glazing containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. the lower-rate labeled RSHGC shall be

used with automatic controls to modulate the amount of heat flow into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity to demonstrate compliance with this section; and

ii. chromogenic glazing shall be considered

separately from other glazing; and

iii. area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

Exception 3 to Section 140.3(a)5C: Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply.

NOTE: Demising walls are not exterior walls, and therefore windows in demising walls are not subject to SHGC requirements.

D. Have an area-weighted average visible transmittance

(VT) no less than the applicable value in Tables 140.33-B and C, or Equation 140.3-B, as applicable.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)5D: When the window’s primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones are completely overlapped by one or more skylit daylit zones, then the window need not comply with Section 140.3(a)5D.

where:

	a	b	c
Overhang	0.150	0.130	5.67
Exterior Horizonal Slat	0.144	0.133	5.13

EQUATION 140.3-B VERTICAL FENESTRATION MINIMUM VT

VT ≥ 0.11/ WWR

where: WWR = Window wall ratio, the ratio of (i) the total

window area of the entire building to (ii) the total gross exterior wall area of the entire building. If the WWR is greater than 0.40, then 0.40 shall be used as the value for WWR in Equation 140.3-B. VT = Visible transmittance of framed window.

Skylights. Skylights shall: A. Have an area no greater than 5 percent of the gross

exterior roof area Skylight Roof Ratio (SRR); and

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)6A: Buildings with atria over 55 feet high shall have a skylight area no greater than 10 percent of the gross exterior roof area.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)5D: If the window’s VT is not within the scope of NFRC 200, or ASTM E972, then the VT shall be calculated according to Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6.

Exception 3 to Section 140.3(a)5D: For vertical windows containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. The higher-rate labeled VT shall be used with

automatic controls to modulate the amount of light transmitted into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; and

ii. Chromogenic glazing shall be considered sep arately from other glazing; and

iii. Area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

Exception 4 to Section 140.3(a)5D: Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply.

NOTE: Demising walls are not exterior walls, and therefore windows in demising walls are not subject to VT requirements.

EQUATION 140.3-A RELATIVE SOLAR HEAT GAIN, COEFFICIENT, RSHGC RSHGC = SHGC × {1 + a × (2.72 ^- ^PF - 1) × [sin( b × Az ) - c ]}

RSHGC = Relative solar heat gain coefficient. SHGC = Solar heat gain coefficient of the vertical

fenestration. Az = Azimuth of the vertical fenestration in

degrees. PF = Projection factor as calculated by Equation

140.3-C.

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)6A : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply. B. Have an area-weighted performance rating U -factor

no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3B, C or D.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)6B: For skylights containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. the lower-rate labeled U -factor shall be used

with automatic controls to modulate the amount of heat flow into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; and

ii. chromogenic glazing shall be considered sepa rately from other glazing; and

iii. area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)6B : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply. C. Have an area-weighted performance rating solar

heat gain coefficient no greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)6C: For skylights containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. the lower-rated labeled SHGC shall be used to

demonstrate compliance with this section; and

ii. chromogenic glazing shall be considered sepa rately from other glazing; and

iii. area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)6C : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply. D. Have an area-weighted performance rating VT no

less than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B or C; and

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)6D: For skylights containing chromogenic type glazing:

i. the higher-rated labeled VT shall be used with

automatic controls to modulate the amount of light transmitted into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity and;

ii. chromogenic glazing shall be considered sepa rately from other skylights; and

iii. area-weighted averaging with other glazing

that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)6D : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply. E. Have a glazing material or diffuser that has a mea sured haze value greater than 90 percent, determined

according to ASTM D1003 or other test method approved by the Energy Commission.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(a)6E: Skylights designed and installed to exclude direct sunlight entering the occupied space by the use of fixed or automated baffles or the geometry of the skylight and light well.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(a)6E : Conditioned greenhouses. The requirements of Section 120.6(h)4 apply.

Exterior doors. All exterior doors that separate conditioned space from unconditioned space or from ambient air shall have a U -factor not greater than the applicable value in Table 140.3-B, C or D. Doors that are more than one-quarter glass in area are considered glazed doors.
Relocatable public school buildings. In complying with Sections 140.3(a)1 to 7 shall meet the following:

A. Relocatable public school buildings shall comply

with Table 140.3-B for a specific climate zone when the manufacturer or builder of the relocatable public school building certifies that the building is intended for use only in a specific climate zone; or

B. Relocatable public school buildings shall comply

with Table 140.3-D for any climate zone when the manufacturer or builder of the relocatable public school building certifies that the building is intended for use in any climate zone; and

C. The manufacturer or builder of a relocatable public

school building shall certify that components of the building comply with requirements of this section by:

i. The placement of two (2) metal identification

labels on the building, one mechanically fastened and visible from the exterior and the other mechanically fastened to the interior frame above the ceiling at the end of the module, both labels stating (in addition to any other information by the Division of the State Architect or other law) “Complies with Title 24, Part 6 for all climate zones”; and

ii. Identification of the location of the two labels

on the plans submitted to the enforcing agency.

Air barrier. To meet the requirement of Table 140.3B, all buildings shall have a continuous air barrier that is designed and constructed to control air leakage into, and out of, the building’s conditioned space. The air barrier shall be sealed at all joints for its entire length and shall be composed of:

Exception to Section 140.3(a)9: Relocatable public school buildings.

A. Design. Construction documents shall include air

barrier boundaries, interconnections and penetrations, and associated square foot calculations for all sides of the air barrier.

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B. Acceptable materials and assemblies. The air barrier

shall be sealed at all joints for its entire length and shall be composed of:

i. Materials that have an air permeance not

exceeding 0.004 cfm/ft ², under a pressure differential of 0.3 in. of water (1.57 psf) (0.02 L/ sec-m ² ) at 75 Pa), when tested in accordance with ASTM E2178; or

ii. Assemblies of materials and components that

have an average air leakage not exceeding 0.04 cfm/ft ², under a pressure differential of 0.3 in. of water (1.57 psf) (0.2 L/m ² at 75 Pa), when tested in accordance with ASTM E2357, ASTM E1677, ASTM E1680 or ASTM E283.

Exception to Section 140.3(a)9 Bi: Materials in Table 140.3-A shall be deemed to comply with Section 140.3(a)9B provided that all joints are sealed and all of the materials are installed as air barriers in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Exception to Section 140.3(a)9Bii: The following materials shall be deemed to comply with Section 140.3(a)9B if all joints are sealed and all of the materials are installed as air barriers in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions:

a. Concrete masonry walls that have at least two

coatings of paint or at least two coatings of sealer coating.

b. Concrete masonry walls with integral rigid

board insulation.

c. Structurally insulated panels.

d. Portland cement or Portland sand parge, or

a. An air leakage rate not exceeding 0.40 cfm/

ft ² at a pressure differential of 0.3 in. of water (1.57 psf) (2.0 L/m ² at 75 Pa). when the entire building is tested, after completion of construction, in accordance with NA 5, or another test method approved by the Commission; or

b. For buildings that have more than 50,000 ft ²

of conditioned floor area, a sectional test method of co-pressurizing representative test floors and taking data from the specific floors to achieve the requirement in Section 140.3(a)9Ci when following the procedures in Sections NA5.2 to NA5.7. Representative test floors must meet the following conditions: I. The entire floor area of all stories that

have any spaces directly under a roof. II. The entire floor area of all stories that

have a building entrance or loading dock. III.Representative above-grade wall sections of the building totaling at least 25 percent of the wall area enclosing the remaining conditioned space. Floor areas in Parts a and b above shall not be included in the 25 percent.

stucco, or a gypsum plaster, each with a minimum ¹ /2 inch thickness. C. Verification. Verification of the installed air barrier

may be performed.

i. If verification is performed the entire building

shall meet one of the following requirements:

ii. If the air leakage requirements of either Sec tion 140.3(a)9Cia or 140.3(a)9Cib are not met, a visual inspection and diagnostic evaluation shall be completed in accordance with NA5.7, all observed leaks shall be sealed where such sealing can be made without destruction of existing building components, and buildings where the tested leakage rate exceeded 0.6 cfm/ft ² of building shell area at 75 Pa have been retested to confirm leakage is below 0.6 cfm/ft ² of building shell at 75 Pa. (b) Reserved.

Exceptions & meaning →

TABLE 140.3-A¶

MATERIALS DEEMED TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 140.3(a)9B

	MATERIALS	MINIMUM THICKNESS
1	Plywood	Minimum3/8 inch thickness
2	Oriented strand board	Minimum3/8 inch thickness
3	Extruded polystyrene insulation board	Minimum1/2 inch thickness
4	Foil-backed polyisocyanurate insulation board	Minimum1/2 inch thickness
5	Closed cell spray foam with a minimum density of 2.0 pcf	Minimum 2 inch thickness
6	Open cell spray foam with a density no less than 0.4 pcf and no greater than 1.5 pcf	Minimum 51/2 inch thickness
7	Exterior and interior gypsum board	Minimum1/2 inch thickness
8	Cement board	Minimum1/2 inch thickness
9	Built-up roofing membrane	No minimum thickness
10	Modified bituminous roof membrane	No minimum thickness
11	Fully adhered single-ply roof membrane	No minimum thickness
12	A Portland cement or Portland sand parge, or a gypsum plaster	Each with minimum5/8 inch thickness
13	Cast-in-place concrete, or precast concrete	No minimum thickness
14	Fully grouted concrete block masonry	No minimum thickness
15	Sheet steel or sheet aluminum	No minimum thickness

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exceptions & meaning →

TABLE 140.3-B¶

PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (INCLUDING RELOCATABLE PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDINGS WHERE MANUFACTURER CERTIFIES USE ONLY IN SPECIFIC CLIMATE ZONE;

NOT INCLUDING HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AND GUESTROOMS OF HOTEL/MOTEL BUILDINGS)

												CLIMATE ZONE
				1	2	3	4	5		6	7	8 9	10	11	12	13		14		15	16
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Roofs/ Ceilings Walls Floors/ Soffits	Metal building Wood-framed and other Metal building Metal-framed Mass light1 Mass heavy1 Wood-framed and other Raised mass Other	0.041 0.034 0.113 0.060 0.196 0.253 0.095 0.092 0.048	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.650 0.059 0.092 0.039	0.041 0.034 0.113 0.071 0.278 0.650 0.110 0.269 0.071	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.227 0.650 0.059 0.269 0.071	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.440 0.650 0.102 0.269 0.071		0.041 0.049 0.113 0.060 0.440 0.690 0.110 0.269 0.071	0.041 0.049 0.113 0.060 0.440 0.690 0.110 0.269 0.071	0.041 0.041 0.049 0.034 0.061 0.061 0.055 0.055 0.440 0.440 0.690 0.690 0.102 0.059 0.269 0.269 0.071 0.071	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.650 0.059 0.269 0.071	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.184 0.045 0.092 0.039	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.253 0.059 0.092 0.071	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.211 0.059 0.092 0.071		0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.184 0.059 0.092 0.039		0.041 0.034 0.057 0.055 0.170 0.184 0.042 0.092 0.039	0.041 0.034 0.061 0.055 0.170 0.160 0.059 0.058 0.039
	Roofing Products	Low- sloped Steep- sloped	Aged solar reflectance Thermal emittance Aged solar reflectance Thermal emittance	0.63 0.75 0.20 0.75	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.20 0.75	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80		0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.63 0.75 0.75 0.25 0.25 0.80 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80		0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80		0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80	0.63 0.75 0.25 0.80
		Air Barrier	Air Barrier	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ		REQ	REQ	REQ REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ		REQ		REQ	REQ
	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Nonswinging Swinging	0.50 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70		1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 1.45 0.70 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70	1.45 0.70		1.45 0.70		1.45 0.70	0.50 0.70

												CLIMATE ZONE
				1	2	3	4	5		6	7	8 9	10	11	12	13		14		15	16
												FIXED WINDOW
			Max_U_-factor	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.36		0.36	0.36	0.36 0.34	0.36	0.34	0.34	0.34		0.34		0.34	0.36
			Max RSHGC	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25 0.22	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.22		0.22		0.22	0.25
ENVELOPE	Fenestration	Min VT Max_U_-factor Max RSHGC Min VT Max_U_-factor Max RSHGC Min VT Max_U_-factor Vertical Area-weighted Performance Rating	Min VT Max_U_-factor Max RSHGC Min VT Max_U_-factor Max RSHGC Min VT Max_U_-factor Vertical Area-weighted Performance Rating	0.38 0.25	0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26		0.41 0.26	0.42 CURTAINWALL OR STOREFRONT 0.38 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.46 OPERABLE WINDOW 0.46 0.22 0.32 GLAZED DOORS 0.45	0.42 CURTAINWALL OR STOREFRONT 0.38 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.46 OPERABLE WINDOW 0.46 0.22 0.32 GLAZED DOORS 0.45	0.42 CURTAINWALL OR STOREFRONT 0.38 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.46 OPERABLE WINDOW 0.46 0.22 0.32 GLAZED DOORS 0.45	0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26		0.41 0.26		0.41 0.26	0.41 0.26
			Max RSHGC									0.23
			Min VT									0.17
		Max WWR%	Max WWR%									40%
											ALL CLIMATE ZONES	ALL CLIMATE ZONES	ALL CLIMATE ZONES
				Glass, Curb Mounted	Glass, Curb Mounted	Glass, Curb Mounted	Glass, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted Plastic, Curb Mounted	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)	Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDDs)
		Max_U_-factor Max SHGC Min VT (Min VTannual for TDDs) Skylights Area-weighted Performance Rating	Max_U_-factor Max SHGC Min VT (Min VTannual for TDDs) Skylights Area-weighted Performance Rating		0.58 0.25 0.49	0.58 0.25 0.49				0.46 0.25 0.49	0.46 0.25 0.49		0.88 NR 0.64	0.88 NR 0.64				0.88 NR 0.38	0.88 NR 0.38	0.88 NR 0.38
		Max SRR%	Max SRR%									5%

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Exceptions & meaning →

TABLE 140.3-C¶

PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR GUESTROOMS OF HOTEL/MOTEL BUILDINGS

				CLIMATE ZONE
				1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Roofs/ Ceilings	Metal building	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041	0.041
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Roofs/ Ceilings	Wood-framed and other	0.028	0.028	0.034	0.028	0.034	0.034	0.039	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028	0.028
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Walls	Metal building	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.061	0.057	0.057	0.057	0.057	0.057	0.057
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Walls	Metal-framed	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.105	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.069	0.048	0.069
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Walls	Mass light1	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.227	0.227	0.227	0.196	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170	0.170
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Walls	Mass heavy1	0.160	0.160	0.160	0.184	0.211	0.690	0.690	0.690	0.690	0.690	0.184	0.253	0.211	0.184	0.184	0.160
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Walls	Wood-framed and other	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.059	0.042	0.059	0.059	0.042	0.042	0.042
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Floors/ Soffits	Raised mass	0.045	0.045	0.058	0.058	0.058	0.069	0.092	0.092	0.092	0.669	0.058	0.058	0.058	0.045	0.058	0.037
ENVELOPE	MaximumU-factor	Floors/ Soffits	Other	0.034	0.034	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.071	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.039	0.034	0.039	0.034
ENVELOPE	Roofing Products	Low- sloped	Aged solar reflectance	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	0.55	0.55	0.55	NR	0.55	0.55	0.55	NR
ENVELOPE	Roofing Products	Low- sloped	Thermal emittance	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	0.75	0.75	0.75	NR	0.75	0.75	0.75	NR
ENVELOPE	Roofing Products	Steep- sloped	Aged solar reflectance	NR	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	NR
ENVELOPE	Roofing Products	Steep- sloped	Thermal emittance	NR	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.75	NR
ENVELOPE	Air barrier	Air barrier	Air barrier	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	NR	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ	REQ
ENVELOPE	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Nonswinging	0.50	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	1.45	0.50
ENVELOPE	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Exterior Doors, Maximum U-factor	Swinging	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70

ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION			ALL CLIMATE ZONES
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION				Fixed Window	Operable Window	Curtainwall or Storefront	Glazed2 Doors
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Vertical	Area-Weighted performance rating	Max_U_-factor	0.36	0.46	0.41	0.45
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Vertical	Area-Weighted performance rating	Max RSHGC	0.25	0.22	0.26	0.23
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Vertical	Area-Weighted performance rating	Min VT	0.42	0.32	0.46	0.17
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Vertical	Maximum WWR%	40%	40%	40%	40%	40%
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Skylights			Glass, Curb Mounted	Glass, Deck Mounted	Plastic, Curb Mounted	Plastic, Curb Mounted
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Skylights	Area-Weighted performance rating	Max_U_-factor	0.58	0.46	0.88	0.88
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Skylights	Area-Weighted performance rating	Max SHGC	0.25	0.25	NR	NR
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Skylights	Area-Weighted performance rating	Min VT	0.49	0.49	0.64	0.64
ENVELOPE	FENESTRATION	Skylights	Maximum SRR%	5%	5%	5%	5%	5%

As defined in Section 100.1, light mass walls are walls with a heat capacity of at least 7.0 Btu/ft ² - °F and less than 15.0 Btu/ft ² - °F. Heavy mass walls are walls with a heat capacity of at least 15.0 Btu/ft ² - °F.
Glazed doors applies to both site-built and to factory-assembled glazed doors.

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Exceptions & meaning →

TABLE 140.3-D¶

PRESCRIPTIVE ENVELOPE CRITERIA FOR RELOCATABLE PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDINGS FOR USE IN ALL CLIMATE ZONES

The total skylight area is at least 3 percent of the total floor area in the space within a horizontal distance of 0.7 times the average ceiling height from the edge of rough opening of skylights; or the product of the total skylight area and the average skylight visible transmittance is no less than 1.5 percent of the total floor area in the space within a horizontal distance of 0.7 times the average ceiling height from the edge of rough opening of skylights.
All skylights shall have a glazing material or diffuser that has a measured haze value greater than 90 percent, tested according to ASTM D1003 (notwithstanding its scope) or other test method approved by the Commission.
Skylights for conditioned and unconditioned spaces shall have an area-weighted average visible transmittance (VT) no less than the applicable value required by Section 140.3(a)6D.

Exception 1 to Section 140.3(c): Auditoriums, churches, movie theaters, museums and refrigerated warehouses.

Exception 2 to Section 140.3(c): In buildings with unfinished interiors, future enclosed spaces for which there are plans to have:

A. A floor area of less than or equal to 5,000 square

feet, or

B. Ceiling heights of less than or equal to 15 feet.

This exception shall not be used for S-1 or S-2 (storage), or for F-1 or F-2 (factory) occupancies.

Exception 3 to Section 140.3(c): Enclosed spaces having a designed general lighting system with a lighting power density less than 0.5 watts per square foot.

Exception 4 to Section 140.3(c): Enclosed spaces where it is documented that permanent architectural features of the building, existing structures or natural objects block direct beam sunlight on at least half of the roof over the enclosed space for more than 1500 daytime hours per year between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. (d) Daylighting Design Power Adjustment Factors (PAFs). To qualify for a Power Adjustment Factor (PAF) as specified in Section 140.6(a)2L, daylighting devices shall meet the following requirements:

Clerestory fenestration. To qualify for a PAF, clerestory fenestration shall meet the following requirements:

A. Shall be installed on east-, west-, or south-facing

facades.

B. Shall have a head height that is at least 10 feet

above the finished floor.

C. Shall have a glazing height that is greater than or

equal to 10 percent of the head height.

D. If operable shading is installed on the clerestory

fenestration, then the clerestory fenestration shading shall be controlled separately from shading serving other vertical fenestration.

Roofs/ Ceilings	Metal Buildings	Maximum U-factor			0.041
Roofs/ Ceilings	Non-Metal Buildings	Non-Metal Buildings	Non-Metal Buildings	Non-Metal Buildings	0.034
Walls	Wood frame buildings	Wood frame buildings	Wood frame buildings	Wood frame buildings	0.042
Walls	Metal frame buildings	Metal frame buildings	Metal frame buildings	Metal frame buildings	0.057
Walls	Metal Buildings	Metal Buildings	Metal Buildings	Metal Buildings	0.057
Walls	Mass/7.0≤ HC	Mass/7.0≤ HC	Mass/7.0≤ HC	Mass/7.0≤ HC	0.170
Walls	All Other Walls	All Other Walls	All Other Walls	All Other Walls	0.059
Floors and Soffits	Floors and Soffits	Floors and Soffits	Floors and Soffits	Floors and Soffits	0.048
Roofing Products	Low-Sloped	Aged Solar Reflectance	Aged Solar Reflectance	Aged Solar Reflectance	0.63
Roofing Products	Low-Sloped	Thermal Emittance	Thermal Emittance	Thermal Emittance	0.75
Roofing Products	Steep-Sloped	Aged Solar Reflectance	Aged Solar Reflectance	Aged Solar Reflectance	0.25
Roofing Products	Steep-Sloped	Thermal Emittance	Thermal Emittance	Thermal Emittance	0.80
Fenestration	Windows	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	0.47
Fenestration	Windows	Maximum SHGC	Maximum SHGC	Maximum SHGC	0.26
Fenestration	Glazed Doors (Site-Built and Factory Assembled)	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	0.45
Fenestration	Glazed Doors (Site-Built and Factory Assembled)	Maximum SHGC	Maximum SHGC	Maximum SHGC	0.23
Fenestration	Skylights	Glass with Curb	Glass with Curb	Maximum U-factor	0.99
Fenestration	Skylights	Glass without Curb	Glass without Curb	Glass without Curb	0.57
Fenestration	Skylights	Plastic with Curb	Plastic with Curb	Plastic with Curb	0.87
Fenestration	Skylights	Glass Type	0-2% SRR	Maximum SHGC	0.46
Fenestration	Skylights	Glass Type	2.1-5% SRR	2.1-5% SRR	0.36
Fenestration	Skylights	Plastic Type	0-2% SRR	0-2% SRR	0.69
Fenestration	Skylights	Plastic Type	2.1-5% SRR	2.1-5% SRR	0.57
Exterior Doors	Non-Swinging doors	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	Maximum_U_-factor	0.50
Exterior Doors	Swinging doors	Swinging doors	Swinging doors	Swinging doors	0.70

(c) Minimum daylighting requirement for large enclosed spaces. In climate zones 2 through 15, conditioned enclosed spaces, and unconditioned enclosed spaces that are greater than 5,000 square feet and that are directly under a roof with ceiling heights greater than 15 feet, shall meet the following requirements:

A combined total of at least 75 percent of the floor area, as determined in building floor plan (drawings) view, shall be within one or more of the following: A. Primary sidelit daylit zone in accordance with Sec tion 130.1(d), or

B. The total floor area in the space within a horizontal

distance of 0.7 times the average ceiling height from the edge of rough opening of skylights.

All skylit daylit zones and primary sidelit daylit zones shall be shown on building plans.
General lighting in daylit zones shall be controlled in accordance with Section 130.1(d).

114 2022 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR

ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Interior and Exterior Light Shelves. To qualify for a PAF, light shelves shall meet the following requirements:

A. Where there is vertical fenestration area below

the light shelf, both interior and exterior light shelves shall be installed.

B. Shall be installed adjacent to clerestory fenestra tion on south-facing facades with Window Wall Ratios greater than 30 percent. The head height of the light shelves shall be no more than one foot below the finished ceiling. The clerestory fenestration shall meet the requirements of Section 140.3(d)1.

C. Exterior light shelves shall be level or sloped

downwards from fenestration. Interior light shelves shall be level or sloped upwards from fenestration.

D. Shall have a projection factor of the applicable

value as specified in Table 140.3-E. The light shelf projection factor is calculated using Equation 140.3-C.

E. Shall have a minimum Distance Factor of 0.3.

The distance factor is calculated using Equation 140.3-C.

Exception to Section 140.3(d)3E: Where it is documented that existing adjacent structures or natural objects within view of the vertical fenestration block direct sunlight onto the vertical fenestration between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. for less than 750 daytime hours per year.

F. Shall have a top surface with a minimum Visible

Reflectance of 0.50 when tested as specified in ASTM E903.

Exception to Section 140.3(d)3F : Where an exterior light shelf is installed greater than two feet below the clerestory sill.

G. Shall extend beyond each side of the window

jamb by a distance equal to or greater than their horizontal projection.

H. Shall be shown on the plans with the dimensions

for the light shelf projection and light shelf spacing as specified in Equation 140.3-C.

Exceptions & meaning →

TABLE 140.3-E¶

DAYLIGHTING DEVICES

Interior and exterior horizontal slats. To qualify for a PAF, horizontal slats shall meet the following requirements:

A. Shall be installed adjacent to vertical fenestration

on east- or west-facing facades with Window Wall Ratios between 20 and 30 percent.

B. Exterior horizontal slats shall be level or sloped

downwards from fenestration. Interior horizontal slats shall be level or sloped upwards from fenestration.

C. Shall have a projection factor as specified in

Table 140.3-E. The projection factor is calculated using Equation 140.3-C.

D. Shall have a minimum distance factor of 0.3. The

distance factor is calculated using Equation 140.3-C.

Exception to Section 140.3(d)2D: Where it is documented that existing adjacent structures or natural objects within view of the vertical fenestration block direct sunlight onto the vertical fenestration between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. for less than 500 daytime hours per year.

E. Shall have a minimum Visible Reflectance of

0.50 when tested as specified in ASTM E903.

F. Shall be opaque.

Exception to Section 140.3(d)2F: Horizontal slats with a Visible Transmittance of 0.03 or less when tested as specified in ASTM E1175.

G. Shall be permanently mounted and not adjust able.

H. Shall extend the entire height of the vertical fen estration and beyond each side of the window jamb by a distance equal to or greater than their horizontal projection.

Exception to Section 140.3(d)2H: Where the slats are located entirely within the vertical fenestration’s rough opening or a fin is located at the window jambs and extends vertically the entire height of the window jamb and extends horizontally the entire depth of the projection.

I. Shall be shown on the plans with the dimensions

for the slat projection and slat spacing as specified in Equation 140.3-C.

J. Shall have a conspicuous factory installed label

permanently affixed and prominently located on an attachment point of the device to the building envelope, stating the following: “NOTICE: Removal of this device will require re-submittal of compliance documentation to the enforcement agency responsible for compliance with California Title 24, Part 6”.

DAYLIGHTING DEVICE	ORIENTATION OF THE VERTICAL FENESTRATION	PROJECTION FACTOR
Horizontal Slats	East or West	2.0 to 3.0
Interior Light Shelf	South	1.0 to 2.0
Exterior Light Shelf	South	0.25 to 1.25

NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

EQUATION 140.3-C PROJECTION AND DISTANCE FACTOR CALCULATION Projection Factor = Projection/Spacing

Distance Factor = D /( HAS × Projection Factor)

where: Projection = The horizontal distance between the base

edge and the projected edge of the overhang, slat or light shelf. Spacing = For overhangs, the vertical distance

between the projected edge of the overhang and sill of the vertical fenestration below it. For horizontal slats, the vertical distance between the projected edge of a slat to the base edge of the slat below it. For interior light shelves, the vertical distance between the projected edge of the light shelf and head of the clerestory fenestration above it. For exterior light shelves, the vertical distance between the projected edge of the light shelf and sill of the vertical fenestration below it. D = Distance between the existing structure or

nature object and the fenestration. HAS = Height difference between the top of the

existing structure or nature object and the bottom of the fenestration.

and cooling loads of the building, as calculated according to Subsection (b). Exception 1 to Section 140.4(a)1: Where it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency that oversizing will not increase building TDV energy use.

Exception 2 to Section 140.4(a)1: Standby equipment with controls that allow the standby equipment to operate only when the primary equipment is not operating.

Exception 3 to Section 140.4(a)1: Multiple units of the same equipment type, such as multiple chillers and boilers, having combined capacities exceeding the design load, if they have controls that sequence or otherwise optimally control the operation of each unit based on load.

Single zone space-conditioning system type. Single zone space-conditioning systems with direct expansion cooling with rated cooling capacity 240,000 Btu/hr or less serving the following spaces shall meet the applicable requirements in Items A–H, or shall meet the performance compliance requirements of Section 140.1. All other system types, including systems with rated cooling capacity greater than 240,000 Btu/hr, multizone systems and systems using central boilers or chillers, shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 140. A. Retail and grocery building spaces in Climate Zones

2 through 15. The space-conditioning system shall be a heat pump.

B. Retail and grocery building spaces in Climate Zones

1 and 16 with cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/ hr. The space-conditioning system shall be an air conditioner with furnace.

C. Retail and grocery building spaces in Climate Zones

1 and 16 with cooling capacity 65,000 Btu/hr or greater. The space-conditioning system shall be a dual-fuel heat pump.

D. School building spaces. For Climate Zones 2

through 15, the space-conditioning system shall be a heat pump. For Climate Zones 1 and 16, the spaceconditioning system shall be a dual-fuel heat pump.

E. Office, financial institution and library building

spaces in Climate Zones 1 through 15. The spaceconditioning system shall be a heat pump.

F. Office, financial institution and library building

spaces in Climate Zone 16 with cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/hr. The space-conditioning system shall be an air conditioner with furnace.

G. Office, financial institution and library building

spaces in Climate Zone 16 with cooling capacity 65,000 Btu/hr or greater. The space-conditioning system shall be a dual-fuel heat pump.

H. Office spaces in warehouses. The space-condition ing system shall be a heat pump in all climate zones.

Exception to Section 140.4(a)2: Systems utilizing recovered heat for space heating.

NOTE: The base edge is the edge of an overhang, slat or light shelf that is adjacent to the vertical fenestration. The projected edge is the opposite edge from the base edge. Note: Authority: Sections 25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402 and 25402.1, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.5, 25402.8, and 25943, Public Resources Code.

Exceptions & meaning →