Earlier editions: 2022 2019

Chapter 4 — PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

422.11 Employee Lavatories in Food Establishments.

California Plumbing Code (Title 24, Part 5) · 2025 edition · updated 2026-09-10 · California

Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.

[DPH] Employee lavatories installed in food establishments shall be equipped with an approved single spout capable of providing tempered (100ºF - 115ºF) (37.8ºC - 46.1ºC) run- ning water.

Note: This requirement applies only to commissaries serving mobile food preparation units.

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 422.1 MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES [1]

Each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department Having Jurisdiction [8] . Table 422.1 applies to new buildings, additions to a building, and changes of occupancy or type in an existing building resulting in increased occupant

load.

For requirements for persons with disabilities, Chapter 11A or 11B of the California Building Code shall be used .

[BSC & DSA-SS] The total occupant load shall be determined in accordance with the California Building Code or Table 4-1 Occupant Load Factor.

Exceptions: (1) [HCD 1-AC & HCD 2] For applications listed in Sections 1.8.2.1.2 and 1.8.2.1.3 regulated by the Department of Housing and Community Development, each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department. Covered mul- tifamily dwellings required to be accessible to persons with disabilities shall comply with Chapter 11A of the California Building Code. Permanent build- ings in mobilehome parks and special occupancy parks required to be accessible by persons with disabilities, shall comply with Chapter 11B of the California Building Code. (2) [HCD 1] For limited density owner-built rural dwelling sanitary facilities, the type, design and number of facilities as required and approved by the local health official shall be provided to the dwelling sites. It shall not be required that such facilities be located within the dwelling.

persons with disabilities, shall comply with Chapter 11B of the_ California Building Code. (2) [HCD 1] For limited density owner-built rural dwelling sanitary facilities, the type, design and number of facilities as required and approved by the local health official shall be provided to the dwelling sites. It shall not be required that such facilities be located within the dwelling.

TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3		URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5		BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
A-1 Assembly occupancy (fixed or permanent seat- ing)- theaters, concert halls, and auditoriums	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-300 3: 301-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-600 4: 601-750	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-500 6: 501-750	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
A-1 Assembly occupancy (fixed or permanent seat- ing)- theaters, concert halls, and auditoriums	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
A-2 Assembly occu- pancy- restaurants, pubs, lounges, nightclubs and banquet halls	Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-150 3: 151-300 4: 301-400	Female 1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-300 3: 301-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-150 2: 151-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-150 2: 151-200 4: 201-400	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
A-2 Assembly occu- pancy- restaurants, pubs, lounges, nightclubs and banquet halls	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each 125 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each 125 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
A-3 Assembly occupancy (typical without fixed or permanent seating)- arcades, places of wor- ship, museums, libraries, lecture halls, gymnasiums (without spectator seat- ing), indoor pools (with- out spectator seating)	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-600 4: 601-750	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-500 6: 501-750	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
A-3 Assembly occupancy (typical without fixed or permanent seating)- arcades, places of wor- ship, museums, libraries, lecture halls, gymnasiums (without spectator seat- ing), indoor pools (with- out spectator seating)	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.

70 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 422.1 MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES [1] (continued)

TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3		URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5		BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
A-4 Assembly occupancy (indoor activities or sport- ing events with spectator seating)- swimming pools, skating rinks, are- nas, and gymnasiums	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-750	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-500 6: 501-750	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
A-4 Assembly occupancy (indoor activities or sport- ing events with spectator seating)- swimming pools, skating rinks, are- nas, and gymnasiums	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each addi- tional 125 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each addi- tional 125 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
A-5Assembly occupancy (outdoor activities or sporting events)- amuse- ment parks, grandstands and stadiums	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-750	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-500 6: 501-750	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
A-5Assembly occupancy (outdoor activities or sporting events)- amuse- ment parks, grandstands and stadiums	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each addi- tional 125 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each addi- tional 125 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
B Business occupancy (office, professional or service type transactions)- banks, vet clinics, hospi- tals, car wash, banks, beauty salons, ambulatory health care facilities, laun- dries and dry cleaning, educational institutions (above high school), or training facilities not located within school, post offices and printing shops	Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-100 3: 101-200 4: 201-400	Female 1: 1-15 2: 16-30 3: 31-50 4: 51-100 8: 101-200 11: 201-400	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400 4: 401-600	Male 1: 1-75 2: 76-150 3: 151-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-400	Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-100 3: 101-150 4: 151-200 5: 201-300 6: 301-400	––	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
B Business occupancy (office, professional or service type transactions)- banks, vet clinics, hospi- tals, car wash, banks, beauty salons, ambulatory health care facilities, laun- dries and dry cleaning, educational institutions (above high school), or training facilities not located within school, post offices and printing shops	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.	Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.
E Educational occupancy- private or public schools	Male 1 per 50	Female 1 per 30	Male 1 per 100	Male 1 per 40	Female 1 per 40	––	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
F1, F2 Factory or Indus- trial occupancy-fabricat- ing or assembly work	Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	––	Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	1 shower for each 15 persons exposed to excessive heat or to skin con- tamination with poison- ous, infec- tious or irritating material	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink

TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3		URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5		BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
F1, F2 Factory or Indus- trial occupancy-fabricat- ing or assembly work	Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	––	Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 422.1

		MINIMUM		PLUMBING F	FACILITIES1 (continued)
TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
I-1 Institutional occu- pancy (houses more than 16 persons on a 24-hour basis)- substance abuse centers, assisted living, group homes, or residen- tial facilities	I-1 Institutional occu- pancy (houses more than 16 persons on a 24-hour basis)- substance abuse centers, assisted living, group homes, or residen- tial facilities	Male 1 per 15	Female 1 per 15	––	Male 1 per 15	Female 1 per 15	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
I-2 Institu- tional occu- pancy-medi cal, psychi- atric, surgi- cal or nursing homes	Hospitals and nursing homes-indi- vidual rooms and ward room	1 per room	1 per room	––	1 per room	1 per room	1 per room	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
I-2 Institu- tional occu- pancy-medi cal, psychi- atric, surgi- cal or nursing homes	Hospitals and nursing homes-indi- vidual rooms and ward room	1 per 8 patients	1 per 8 patients	––	1 per 10 patients	1 per 10 patients	1 per 20 patients	1 per 20 patients	1 per 20 patients
I-2 Institu- tional occu- pancy-medi cal, psychi- atric, surgi- cal or nursing homes	Hospital Waiting or Visitor Rooms	1 per room	1 per room	––	1 per room	1 per room	––	1 per room	––
I-2 Institu- tional occu- pancy-medi cal, psychi- atric, surgi- cal or nursing homes	Employee Use	Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	––	Male 1 per 40	Female 1 per 40	––	––	––
I-2 Institu- tional occu- pancy-medi cal, psychi- atric, surgi- cal or nursing homes	Employee Use	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.
I-3Institu- tional occu- pancy (houses more than 5 people)	Prisons	1 per cell	1 per cell	––	1 per cell	1 per cell	1 per 20	1 per cell block/floor	––
I-3Institu- tional occu- pancy (houses more than 5 people)	Correctional facilities or juvenile center	1 per 8	1 per 8	––	1 per 10	1 per 10	1 per 8	1 per floor	1 service sink or laundry sink
I-3Institu- tional occu- pancy (houses more than 5 people)	Employee Use	Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	––	Male 1 per 40	Female 1 per 40	––	1 per 150	––
I-3Institu- tional occu- pancy (houses more than 5 people)	Employee Use	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.
I-4Institutional occu- pancy (any age that receives care for less than 24 hours)	I-4Institutional occu- pancy (any age that receives care for less than 24 hours)	Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	––	Male 1 per 40	Female 1 per 40	––	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
I-4Institutional occu- pancy (any age that receives care for less than 24 hours)	I-4Institutional occu- pancy (any age that receives care for less than 24 hours)	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 per- sons.
M Mercantile occupancy (the sale of merchandise and accessible to the pub- lic)	M Mercantile occupancy (the sale of merchandise and accessible to the pub- lic)	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 6: 301-400	Male 0: 1-200 1: 201-400	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400	Female 1: 1-200 2: 201-300 3: 301-400	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink

		MINIMUM		PLUMBING F	FACILITIES1 (continued)
M Mercantile occupancy (the sale of merchandise and accessible to the pub- lic)	M Mercantile occupancy (the sale of merchandise and accessible to the pub- lic)	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 200 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 400 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 400 females.	––	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.	––

72 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 422.1

		MINIMUM		PLUMBING F	FACILITIES1 (continued)
TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
R-1 Residential occu- pancy (minimal stay)- hotels, motels, bed and breakfast homes	R-1 Residential occu- pancy (minimal stay)- hotels, motels, bed and breakfast homes	1 per sleeping room	1 per sleeping room	––	1 per sleeping room	1 per sleeping room	1 per sleep- ing room	––	1 service sink or laundry sink
R-2 Resi- dential occupancy (long-term or perma- nent)	Dormitories	Male 1 per 10	Female 1 per 8	Male 1 per 25	Male 1 per 12	Female 1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
R-2 Resi- dential occupancy (long-term or perma- nent)	Dormitories	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Over 150, add 1 fixture for each additional 50 males.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.
R-2 Resi- dential occupancy (long-term or perma- nent)	Employee Use	Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	––	Male 1 per 40	Female 1 per 40	––	––	––
R-2 Resi- dential occupancy (long-term or perma- nent)	Employee Use	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons	Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
R-2 Resi- dential occupancy (long-term or perma- nent)	Apartment house/unit	1 per apartment	1 per apartment	––	1 per apartment	1 per apartment	1 per apartment	––	1 kitchen sink per apartment. 1 laundry sink or 1 automatic clothes washer connection per unit or 1 laundry sink or 1 automatic clothes washer connection for each 12 units
R-3 Residential occu- pancy (long-term or per- manent in nature) for more than 5 but does not exceed 16 occupants)	R-3 Residential occu- pancy (long-term or per- manent in nature) for more than 5 but does not exceed 16 occupants)	Male 1 per 10	Female 1 per 8	––	Male 1 per 12	Female 1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink
R-3 Residential occu- pancy (long-term or per- manent in nature) for more than 5 but does not exceed 16 occupants)	R-3 Residential occu- pancy (long-term or per- manent in nature) for more than 5 but does not exceed 16 occupants)	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.
R-3 Residential occu- pancy (one and two fam- ily dwellings)	R-3 Residential occu- pancy (one and two fam- ily dwellings)	1 per one and two family dwelling	1 per one and two family dwelling	––	1 per one and two family dwelling	1 per one and two family dwelling	1 per one and two family dwelling	––	1 kitchen sink and 1 automatic clothes washer connection per one and two family dwelling
R-4 Residential occu- pancy (residential care or assisted living)	R-4 Residential occu- pancy (residential care or assisted living)	Male 1 per 10	Female 1 per 8	––	Male 1 per 12	Female 1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry sink

		MINIMUM		PLUMBING F	FACILITIES1 (continued)
R-4 Residential occu- pancy (residential care or assisted living)	R-4 Residential occu- pancy (residential care or assisted living)	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 422.1

	MINIMUM		PLUMBING F	FACILITIES1 (continued)
TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3	URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER6, 7
S-1, S-2 Storage occu- pancy-storage of goods, warehouse, aircraft hanger, food products, appliances	Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400	––	Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-750	Female 1: 1-200 2: 201-400 3: 401-750	––	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry sink
S-1, S-2 Storage occu- pancy-storage of goods, warehouse, aircraft hanger, food products, appliances	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 per- sons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 per- sons.	Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 per- sons.	Over 750, add 1 fix- ture for each addi- tional 500 persons.	Over 750, add 1 fix- ture for each addi- tional 500 persons.

N otes: 1 The figures shown are based upon one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof. 2 A restaurant is defined as a business that sells food to be consumed on the premises. a. The number of occupants for a drive-in restaurant shall be considered as equal to the number of parking stalls. b. Hand-washing facilities shall be available in the kitchen for employees. 3 The total number of required water closets for females shall be not less than the total number of required water closets and urinals for males. [BSC] This requirement shall not apply when single occupancy toilet facilities are provided for each sex in an A or E occupancy with an occupant load of less than 50. Either

a. The required urinal shall be permitted to be omitted or b. If installed, the urinal shall not require a second water closet to be provided for the female. 4 For each urinal added in excess of the minimum required, one water closet shall be permitted to be deducted. The number of water closets shall not be reduced to less than two-thirds of the minimum requirement. 5 Metering or self-closing faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public. 6 Service sinks shall not be required for non-residential occupancies with an occupant load of 15 or less. 7 For business and mercantile occupancies, one common service sink shall be permitted when accessible to all businesses and mercantile within 300 feet (91 440 mm) and within the same story. 8 [BSC, DSA-AC, DSA-SS, HCD 1 & HCD 2, OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] In accordance with Sections 1.8.7 and 301.3, the Authority Having Jurisdiction may approve alternative design criteria when determining the minimum number of plumbing fixtures.

74 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-1 OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR: [BSC & DSA-SS]

*FUNCTION OF SPACE ****	*OCCUPANT* *LOAD FACTOR* *(square feet)*
*Assembly_ - without fixed seats_ Auditorium, convention and dance hall, lodge, stage, indoor sport/spectator event, worship, arcade, gaming* (standing space)	11
Waiting, terminal (portable seating space)	15
Conference, dining/drinking, lounge (portable seating/table space)	30
Gallery, museum, exhibit (standing space)	30
*Assembly*_ – with fixed seats_	See CBC 1004.6 Use 50% of the fixed seating value
*Business*_ (office, sales/soliciting, administration, food processing, courtroom, ambulatory clinic)_	150 See CBC 1004.8
*Dormitory*	50
*Day care*	35
*Education_ (classroom)_ Through 12th grade*	30
*Education_ (classroom)_ Beyond 12th grade*	50
*Exercise*_ (fitness)_	50
*Industrial*_ (fabrication, foundry, workshop, component assembly, repair)_	500
*Kitchen/food prep*_ (commercial)_	50
*Laboratory* Educational	50
*Laboratory* Non-educational	100
*Library*	50
*Mercantile*_ (wholesale, retail)_	100
*Mall building*_ (covered/open)_	See CBC 402.8.2
*Residential*_ (long term: central toilet facilities)_	200
*Warehouse* Storage portions	4000
*Warehouse* Distribution portions (selecting, processing, packing, receiving, shipping)	500

Any uses not specifically listed shall be based on similar uses listed in this table.

** For a building or space with mixed occupancies, use appropriate occupancy group for each area (for example, a school may have an “A” occupancy for the gymnasium, a “B” occupancy for the office, an “E” occupancy for the classrooms, etc.). Accessory areas such as, but not limited to, hallways/corri- dors, stairways, ramps, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms, closets and fixed equipment, may be excluded.

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2

[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] [24] MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES

SPACE	HANDWASHING FIXTURE	SCRUB SINKS3	TOILETS	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS	SERVICE SINKS1	CLINIC SINKS
*Administration Lobby*
Public Toilet - Male	12		1
Public Toilet - Female	12		1
Airborne infection isolation room	120
Airborne infection isolation treatment/exam room	120
Airborne infection isolation anteroom	1
Airborne infection isolation toilet room	12		15	15
Cardiac Catheterization procedure room		14, 33
Central Sterile Supply	115
*Cesarean/Delivery Service Space*
Labor Rooms	133		19	19
Recovery Room	133					1
Drug distribution station	1
Cesarean operating room		210, 33
Delivery room		110, 33
LDR or LDRP room	133		1	1
*Staff lounge*
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
*Waiting area/room*
Public Toilet - Male	12		1
Public Toilet - Female	12		1
Clinical Laboratory Service Space11	1
*Dietetic Service Space*					1
Kitchen	133
Dining Area	116		116
Food serving area	133
Food Preparation	133
Dietary Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Dietary Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
*Emergency Service*	1
Open plan	1:4 cubicles		1
Observation unit(s)	1:4 cubicles		1:6 beds
Trauma/Cardiac, Emergency surgery, Cystoscopy, Cast Room		14,33
*Intensive Care Units7*					1	1
Open plan	1:3 beds33
Patient rooms28	133
Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU)	1:4 bassinets17, 33				1	1
Treatment area/room	1
Control station
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15

76 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2

[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] [24] MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES (continued)

SPACE	HANDWASHING FIXTURE	SCRUB SINKS3	TOILETS	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS	SERVICE SINKS1	CLINIC SINKS
*Employee dressing rooms and lockers*
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Exam and treatment rooms	1
Housekeeping room1					1
Laboratories	115
Laundry soiled linen, receiving, holding and sorting	1
Medicine preparation room	119
*Morgue and Autopsy*	1
Nourishment area	1+12
Nuclear Medicine room	1
Mold room	1
Patient room	1
Patient toilet and bath facilities13	12		1:4 beds	1:12
Central bathing facility	1		1	1
Special bathing facility				1
Nurse Station27	1		112
Newborn/well baby nursery	1:6 bassinets33
Workroom	133
Gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure room	133
Outpatient observation35	1		1
Pediatric and Adolescent Unit toilet room	12,26		126
*Pharmacy*	125
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Compounding area for parenteral solutions	133
Postanesthesia care units (PACU)	12		1:16 beds			1
Open plan	1:4 gurney spaces33
Individual rooms	133
Preoperative patient holding	12		1:16 beds
Protective environment room	133
Protective environment anteroom	120,33
Protective environment toilet room	12		15	15
Psychiatric unit patient room	136		1
*Radiological/Imaging Services Space*			129
Mammography	1
Interventional imaging		1
Ultrasound8	1		130
Angiography		14, 31
Fluoroscopy8			130
MRI	1
CT Scan	1

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-2

[OSHPD 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5] [24] MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES (continued)

SPACE	HANDWASHING FIXTURE	SCRUB SINKS3	TOILETS	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS	SERVICE SINKS1	CLINIC SINKS
Class 1 Imaging	1
Staff Toilet18 - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet18 - Female	12		1:1-15
*Rehabilitation Therapy Space*
Training toilet			1
Physical therapy service space	1
Occupational therapy service space	1
Speech pathology	1
*Infusion Therapy*	1
*Renal Dialysis Service Space*	1:4 stations				1
Bloodborne Infection Isolation Room	1
Nurses’ station	1
Medication dispensing	1
Home training room	1
Repair room11	1				1
Dialysis patient toilet	12		1
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male	1		1:1-15	1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female	1		1:1-15	1 shower
*Surgical Service Space*		233			1
Staff clothing change areas
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-1537	1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-1537	1 shower
Clean-up rooms	1
Substerile area	1
Anesthesia workroom	1
Soiled workroom or soiled holding	1					134
Cancer treatment/infusion therapy treatment	1:4 stations
*Utility/Work Room*
Clean21	1
Soiled22	1					114
Patient beds [Skilled Nursing/Intermediate Care Facilities][medical model]	1:42		1:4	1:20
Patient toilet and bath facilities13 [Correctional Treatment Center]	1:82		1:6	1:12
Airborne infection isolation anteroom6 [Correctional Treatment Center]	16		16	16
Airborne infection isolation anteroom [Correctional Treatment Center]	1
Protective environment room6 [Correctional Treat- ment Center]	16		16	16
Protective environment anteroom [Correctional Treatment Center]	1

Notes: 1 Each department or nursing unit shall be served by a housekeeping room equipped with a service sink. Departments may share service closets provided the departmental services are compatible. A dedicated housekeeping room shall be provided for the following services: Surgical/Catherization, ICU, NICU, nursery, dietary, renal dialysis and outpatient surgery.

78 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

2 Conventional spouts and controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted. Nourishment areas shall have a handwashing fixture in or immediately accessible from the nourishment area, in addition to a nourishment sink. 3 Scrub sinks shall be located outside of sterile procedure rooms. A minimum of two scrub sinks shall be provided in a surgical unit containing one operating room. Four scrub sinks shall be provided in surgical units containing two operating rooms. One additional scrub sink shall be provided per each additional operating room. 4 The scrub sink is in addition to the required number for surgeries. 5 The following fixtures shall be provided in airborne infection or protective environment rooms of hospitals only: a.Within an adjoining toilet room, a lavatory, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and toilet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker.

b.A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom. 6 The following fixtures shall be provided in isolation rooms of correctional treatment centers only: a.Within an adjoining toilet area, a handwashing fixture, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and water closet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker. b.A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom. 7 Includes burn center spaces, acute respiratory-care service spaces, and coronary-care service spaces. 8 A toilet room with handwashing fixture shall directly adjoin each procedure room. 9 One toilet with lavatory and one shower may serve two labor rooms. 10 One additional scrub sink for each additional cesarean or delivery operating room. 11 Provide emergency eye-wash and shower. 12 Conveniently located for staff use. 13 Fixtures serving individual patient rooms shall not be considered as meeting the required ratios for bedrooms not served by individual adjoining toilet or bath-

h lavatory and one shower may serve two labor rooms._ 10 One additional scrub sink for each additional cesarean or delivery operating room. 11 Provide emergency eye-wash and shower. 12 Conveniently located for staff use. 13 Fixtures serving individual patient rooms shall not be considered as meeting the required ratios for bedrooms not served by individual adjoining toilet or bath-

rooms. 14 The clinic sink may be deleted if all bedrooms in the nursing unit are provided with adjoining toilets with bedpan flushing devices. 15 Conventional controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. The water discharge points shall be 5 inches (127 millimeters) above the fixture rim. Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted. 16 Plumbing fixtures for public use shall be readily accessible and are to be based on 50% of the seating capacity value. Fixture quantity shall be based on Table 422.1 for an occupancy group A2. 17 In a multiple-bed room, every bed position shall be within 20 feet (6 meters) of a hands-free handwashing fixture. Where an individual room concept is used, a handwashing fixture shall be provided within each infant care room. 18 When three or more procedure rooms are provided. 19 If a separate medicine room is provided, the room shall be equipped with a sink in addition to the nurses' station handwashing fixture. Hot-water supplies are optional. 20 Where the patient room can only be accessed through the ante room the handwash fixture may be omitted in the patient room. 21 Handwashing fixtures may be deleted if room is used for storage and holding only. 22 If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled materials, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted. If the flushing-rim clinical sink is eliminated, facilities for cleaning bedpans shall be provided elsewhere. 23 Toilet shall be equipped with a bedpan flushing attachment. 24 Optional services approved by the licensing agency shall comply with the applicable space requirements of OSHPD 1 and 2. 25 Shall be provided in each separate room where open medication is handled. 26 Conveniently accessible throughout the unit. 27 Includes rooms or areas within coronary and intensive-care units and postanethesia recovery rooms. 28 Modular toilet/sink combination units located within a privacy curtain may be used within individual patient space or private room. The toilet fixture shall be completely contained within cabinetry when not in use, and shall be enclosed when flushed. Bedpan washers shall not be permitted in patient bedrooms. 29 In service spaces with procedure rooms that do not have dedicated patient toilets, provide a minimum of one patient toilet room with a separate handwash- ing fixture within the service space. 30 Toilet room shall be accessible from the procedure room. 31 Scrub sink shall be located outside the staff entrance to the procedure room. 32 Not used. 33 Handwashing and scrub sink fixtures shall not be equipped with wrist or elbow blades but shall be equipped with sensor controls, or controls that do not involve contact with the upper extremities. 34 If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled material, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted. 35 A minimum of one separate accessible toilet room shall be provided for the use of patients. Patient toilet room(s) shall be equipped with a handwashing fix- ture and shall be accessible to the observation units(s) from the corridor. Reference CBC, Part 2, Section 1224.39.6. 36 Handwashing stations are required in patient toilet rooms. Handwashing stations are not required in patient bedrooms. 37 Staff toilet facilities located in the surgical unit can be applied to the total fixture count.

t room(s) shall be equipped with a handwashing fix-_ ture and shall be accessible to the observation units(s) from the corridor. Reference CBC, Part 2, Section 1224.39.6. 36 Handwashing stations are required in patient toilet rooms. Handwashing stations are not required in patient bedrooms. 37 Staff toilet facilities located in the surgical unit can be applied to the total fixture count.

PLUMBING FIXTURES AND FIXTURE FITTINGS

TABLE 4-3 [AGR]

TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY	WATER CLOSETS 7 (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	URINALS (TROUGH URINAL TO INDIVIDUAL URINAL EQUIVALENCE) MALE	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES 3 PER PERSON)
*TYPE OF BUILDING* *OR OCCUPANCY*	*MALE FEMALE*	*MALE FEMALE*	*MALE FEMALE*	*MALE FEMALE*	*MALE FEMALE*
Nonindustrial—office buildings, public build- ings and similar estab- lishments	1 1-15 1 1-15 2 16-35 2 16-35 3 36-55 3 36-55 4 56-80 4 56-80 5 81-110 5 81-110 6 111-150 6 111-150 1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof	Length of Number of trough urinal individual urinals 24" (610 mm) _1 _ 36" (914 mm) _2 _ 48" (1219 mm) _2 _ 60" (1524 mm) _3 _	1 1-15 2 16-35 3 36-60 4 61-90 5 91-125 1 additional for each additional 4 employ- ees or fraction thereof	1:10 persons per shift required to shower	—
Industrial–factories, warehouses, loft build- ings and similar estab- lishments	1 1-15 1 1-15 2 16-35 2 16-35 3 36-55 3 36-55 4 56-80 4 56-80 5 81-110 5 81-110 6 111-150 6 111-150 1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof	24" (610 mm) _1 _ 36" (914 mm) _2 _ 48" (1219 mm) _2 _ 60" (1524 mm) _3 _ 72" (1829 mm) 4	1 to 100 employees 1 per 10 Over 100 employees 1 additional for each additional 15 employ- ees or fraction thereof	1:10 persons per shift required to shower	—

Notes: 1 The figures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof. 2 Each water closet shall occupy a separate compartment which shall be equipped with a door, door latch and clothes hook. The door and the walls or partitions between fixtures shall be sufficient to assure privacy. 3 Drinking fountains shall not be located in toilet rooms. 4 Washing facilities shall be reasonably accessible to all employees. 5 Toilet facilities shall be accessible to the employees at all times. Where practicable, toilet facilities should be within 200 feet (61 m) of locations at which workers are reg- ularly employed and should not be more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs from working areas. 6 Urinals may be installed instead of water closets in toilet rooms to be used only by men provided that the number of water closets shall not be less than two thirds of the minimum number of toilet facilities specified. The length of trough urinals to the equivalent number of individual urinals shall be based on the above table. 7 When there are less than five employees, separate toilet rooms for each sex are not required provided toilet rooms can be locked from the inside and contain at least one water closet. 8 Twenty-four linear inches of wash sink or 18 inches of circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory. Exception: The requirements of Table 4-3 do not apply to mobile crews or to normally unattended work locations provided employees at these locations have immediately available transportation to nearby toilet facilities which meet the requirements of Table 4-3.

TABLE 4-4 [DPH]

TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY2	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	URINALS (FIXTURES PER MALE)	LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
Day Use Public Beaches1,2	Male Female 1 1-100 1 1-100 No sex designated 1 1-500 Minimum of 2	May be substituted for up to two-thirds of the water closets required
Picnic Areas	Male Female 1 1-50 1 1-50
Overnight Use Public Beaches2	_1 1-7.5 campsites3 _ 1 1-7.5 campsites3	May be substituted for up to one-third of the water closets required3		1 1-12.5 campsites4
Organized Camps	1 1-153		1 1-15	1 1-156	Minimum 1 per camp

Notes: 1 Toilets shall be located in accordance with actual use patterns on the beach. The reasonable intent of the toilet requirements is that it should apply on the basis of aver- age daily use during periods of peak use. The health officer may determine how many days the population standard may be exceeded. 2 Laundry facilities are not required, but if they are provided, must be a minimum of two laundry trays or a washing machine. 3 Toilet facilities shall not be farther than 400 feet from any lot or campsite. 4 Showers are not required, but it provided, they shall be provided on the indicated ratio. Outdoor rinse-off showers may be cold water only. 5 Toilets shall be located within 300 feet from the living accommodations they serve. 6 Showers shall be provided in the living area or in a centrally located structure. Exception: Intermittent short-term organized camps are not required to provide shower facilities, but it provided, they shall comply with this part.

80 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

Get a plain-English answer with a citation back to this text.

Ask AI about this code

Export this section

▸Contents — California Plumbing Code (Title 24, Part 5)

California Plumbing Code (Title 24, Part 5)

GoCodebook provides public access, search, citation, multilingual explanation, and practical interpretation of legally adopted building regulations. It is not a substitute for the official ICC or California code publications.