1127.1 General. Cooling towers, evaporative coolers and
California Mechanical Code (Title 24, Part 4) · 2025 edition · updated 2026-09-10 · California
Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.
fluid coolers shall be provided with an approved water supply, sized for peak demand. The quality of water shall be provided in accordance with the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations. The piping system and protection of the potable water supply system shall be installed in accordance with the plumbing code.
248 2025 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-11 | CCl3F | Trichlorofluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | 0.39 | –– |
| R-12 | CCl2F2 | Dichlorodifluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | 5.6 | –– |
| R-12B1 | CBrClF2 | Bromochlorodifluoromethane | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-13 | CClF3 | Chlorotrifluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | –– | –– |
| R-13B1 | CBrF3 | Bromotrifluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | –– | –– |
| R-13I1 | CF3I | Trifluoroiodomethane | A1 | 500 | 1.0 | –– |
| R-14 | CF4 | Tetrafluoromethane (carbon tetrafluoride) | A1 | 1000 | 25 | –– |
| R-21 | CHCl2F | Dichlorofluoromethane | B1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-22 | CHClF2 | Chlorodifluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | 13 | –– |
| R-23 | CHF3 | Trifluoromethane | A1 | 1000 | 7.3 | –– |
| R-30 | CH2Cl2 | Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) | B1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-31 | CH2ClF | Chlorofluoromethane | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-32 | CH2F2 | Difluoromethane (methylene fluoride) | A2L | 1000 | 4.8 | 19.1 |
| R-40 | CH3Cl | Chloromethane (methyl chloride) | B2 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-41 | CH3F | Fluoromethane (methyl fluoride) | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-50 | CH4 | Methane | A3 | 1000 | –– | –– |
| R-113 | CCl2FCClF2 | 1, 1, 2-trichloro-1, 2, 2-trifluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 1.2 | –– |
| R-114 | CClF2CClF2 | 1, 2-dichloro-1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 8.7 | –– |
| R-115 | CClF2CF3 | Chloropentafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 47 | –– |
| R-116 | CF3CF3 | Hexafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 34 | –– |
| R-123 | CHCl2CF3 | 2, 2-dichloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane | B1 | 50 | 3.5 | –– |
| R-124 | CHClFCF3 | 2-chloro-1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 3.5 | –– |
| R-125 | CHF2CF3 | Pentafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 23 | –– |
| R-134a | CH2FCF3 | 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane | A1 | 1000 | 13 | –– |
| R-141b | CH3CCl2F | 1, 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane | –– | 500 | 0.78 | 17.8 |
| R-142b | CH3CClF2 | 1-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethane | A2 | 1000 | 5.1 | 20.4 |
| R-143a | CH3CF3 | 1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane | A2L | 1000 | 4.4 | 17.5 |
| R-152a | CH3CHF2 | 1, 1-difluoroethane | A2 | 1000 | 2.0 | 8.1 |
| R-170 | CH3CH3 | Ethane | A3 | 1000 | 0.54 | 2.4 |
| R-E170 | CH3OCH3 | Methoxymethane (Dimethyl ether) | A3 | 1000 | 1.0 | 4.0 |
| R-218 | CF3CF2CF3 | Octafluoropropane | A1 | 1000 | 43 | –– |
| R-227ea | CF3CHFCF3 | 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane | A1 | 1000 | 36 | –– |
| R-236fa | CF3CH2CF3 | 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoropropane | A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-245fa | CHF2CH2CF3 | 1, 1, 1, 3, 3-pentafluoropropane | B1 | 300 | 12 | –– |
| R-290 | CH3CH2CH3 | Propane | A3 | 1000 | 0.59 | 2.4 |
| R-C318 | -(CF2)4- | Octafluorocyclobutane | A1 | 1000 | 41 | –– |
| R-400 | zeotrope | R-12/114 (50.0/50.0) | A1 | 1000 | 10 | –– |
| R-400 | zeotrope | R-12/114 (60.0/40.0) | A1 | 1000 | 11 | –– |
| R-401A | zeotrope | R-22/152a/124 (53.0/13.0/34.0) | A1 | 1000 | 6.6 | –– |
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 (continued) REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-401B | zeotrope | R-22/152a/124 (61.0/11.0/28.0) | A1 | 1000 | 7.2 | –– |
| R-401C | zeotrope | R-22/152a/124 (33.0/15.0/52.0) | A1 | 1000 | 5.2 | –– |
| R-402A | zeotrope | R-125/290/22 (60.0/2.0/38.0) | A1 | 1000 | 17 | –– |
| R-402B | zeotrope | R-125/290/22 (38.0/2.0/60.0) | A1 | 1000 | 15 | –– |
| R-403A | zeotrope | R-290/22/218 (5.0/75.0/20.0) | A2 | 1000 | 7.6 | –– |
| R-403B | zeotrope | R-290/22/218 (5.0/56.0/39.0) | A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R-404A | zeotrope | R-125/143a/134a (44.0/52.0/4.0) | A1 | 1000 | 31 | –– |
| R-405A | zeotrope | R-22/152a/142b/C318 (45.0/7.0/5.5/42.5) | –– | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-406A | zeotrope | R-22/600a/142b (55.0/4.0/41.0) | A2 | 1000 | 4.7 | 18.8 |
| R-407A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (20.0/40.0/40.0) | A1 | 1000 | 19 | –– |
| R-407B | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (10.0/70.0/20.0) | A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-407C | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (23.0/25.0/52.0) | A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R-407D | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (15.0/15.0/70.0) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-407E | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (25.0/15.0/60.0) | A1 | 1000 | 17 | –– |
| R-407F | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (30.0/30.0/40.0) | A1 | 1000 | 20 | –– |
| R-407G | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (2.5/2.5/95.0) | A1 | 1000 | 13 | –– |
| R-407H | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a (32.5/15.0/52.5) | A1 | 1000 | 19 | –– |
| R-407I | zeotrope | R-32/125/124a (19.5/8.5/72.0) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-408A | zeotrope | R-125/143a/22 (7.0/46.0/47.0) | A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-409A | zeotrope | R-22/124/142b (60.0/25.0/15.0) | A1 | 1000 | 7.1 | –– |
| R-409B | zeotrope | R-22/124/142b (65.0/25.0/10.0) | A1 | 1000 | 7.3 | –– |
| R-410A | zeotrope | R-32/125 (50.0/50.0) | A1 | 1000 | 26 | –– |
| R-410B | zeotrope | R-32/125 (45.0/55.0) | A1 | 1000 | 27 | –– |
| R-411A6 | zeotrope | R-1270/22/152a (1.5/87.5/11.0) | A2 | 970 | 2.9 | 11.6 |
| R-411B6 | zeotrope | R-1270/22/152a (3.0/94.0/3.0) | A2 | 940 | 2.8 | 14.8 |
| R-412A | zeotrope | R-22/218/142b (70.0/5.0/25.0) | A2 | 1000 | 5.1 | 20.5 |
| R-413A | zeotrope | R-218/134a/600a (9.0/88.0/3.0) | A2 | 1000 | 5.8 | 23.4 |
| R-414A | zeotrope | R-22/124/600a/142b (51.0/28.5/4.0/16.5) | A1 | 1000 | 6.4 | –– |
| R-414B | zeotrope | R-22/124/600a/142b (50.0/39.0/1.5/9.5) | A1 | 1000 | 6.0 | –– |
| R-415A | zeotrope | R-22/152a (82.0/18.0) | A2 | 1000 | 2.9 | 11.710 |
| R-415B | zeotrope | R-22/152a (25.0/75.0) | A2 | 1000 | 2.1 | 8.4 |
| R-416A6 | zeotrope | R-134a/124/600 (59.0/39.5/1.5) | A1 | 1000 | 3.9 | –– |
| R-417A6 | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600 (46.6/50.0/3.4) | A1 | 1000 | 3.5 | –– |
| R-417B | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600 (79.0/18.3/2.7) | A1 | 1000 | 4.3 | –– |
| R-417C | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600 (19.5/78.8/1.7) | A1 | 1000 | 5.4 | –– |
| R-418A | zeotrope | R-290/22/152a (1.5/96.0/2.5) | A2 | 1000 | 4.8 | 19.210 |
| R-419A | zeotrope | R-125/134a/E170 (77.0/19.0/4.0) | A2 | 1000 | 4.2 | 16.710 |
| R-419B | zeotrope | R-125/134a/E170 (48.5/48.0/3.5) | A2 | 1000 | 4.6 | 18.510 |
| R-420A | zeotrope | R-134a/142b (88.0/12.0) | A1 | 1000 | 12 | –– |
| R-421A | zeotrope | R-125/134a (58.0/42.0) | A1 | 1000 | 17 | –– |
| R-421B | zeotrope | R-125/134a (85.0/15.0) | A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-422A | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a (85.1/11.5/3.4) | A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R-422B | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a (55.0/42.0/3.0) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-422C | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a (82.0/15.0/3.0) | A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R-422D | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a (65.1/31.5/3.4) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-422E | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a (58.0/39.3/2.7) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
250 2025 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 (continued) REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-423A | zeotrope | R-134a/227ea (52.5/47.5) | A1 | 1000 | 19 | –– |
| R-424A6 | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600a/600/601a (50.5/47.0/0.9/1.0/0.6) |
A1 | 990 | 6.2 | –– |
| R-425A | zeotrope | R-32/134a/227ea (18.5/69.5/12.0) | A1 | 1000 | 16 | –– |
| R-426A6 | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600/601a (5.1/93.0/1.3/0.6) | A1 | 990 | 5.2 | –– |
| R427A | zeotrope | R-32/125/143a/134a (15.0/25.0/10.0/50.0) | A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R428A | zeotrope | R-125/143a/290/600a (77.5/20.0/0.6/1.9) | A1 | 1000 | 23 | –– |
| R-429A | zeotrope | R-E170/152a/600a (60.0/10.0/30.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.81 | 3.2 |
| R-430A | zeotrope | R-152a/600a (76.0/24.0) | A3 | 1000 | 1.3 | 5.2 |
| R-431A | zeotrope | R-290/152a (71.0/29.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.68 | 2.7 |
| R-432A | zeotrope | R-1270/E170 (80.0/20.0) | A3 | 550 | 0.13 | 2.4 |
| R-433A | zeotrope | R-1270/290 (30.0/70.0) | A3 | 760 | 0.34 | 2.4 |
| R-433B | zeotrope | R-1270/290 (5.0/95.0) | A3 | 950 | 0.39 | 2.0 |
| R-433C | zeotrope | R-1270/290 (25.0/75.0) | A3 | 790 | 0.41 | 2.0 |
| R-434A | zeotrope | R-125/143a/134a/600a (63.2/18.0/16.0/2.8) | A1 | 1000 | 20 | –– |
| R-435A | zeotrope | R-E170/152a (80.0/20.0) | A3 | 1000 | 1.1 | 4.3 |
| R-436A | zeotrope | R-290/600a (56.0/44.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.50 | 2.0 |
| R-436B | zeotrope | R-290/600a (52.0/48.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.51 | 2.0 |
| R-436C | zeotrope | R-290/600a (95.0/5.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.57 | 2.3 |
| R-437A | zeotrope | R-125/134a/600/601 (19.5/78.5/1.4/0.6) | A1 | 990 | 5.1 | –– |
| R-438A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/600/601a (8.5/45.0/44.2/1.7/0.6) | A1 | 990 | 4.9 | –– |
| R-439A | zeotrope | R-32/125/600a (50.0/47.0/3.0) | A2 | 1000 | 4.7 | 18.9 |
| R-440A | zeotrope | R-290/134a/152a (0.6/1.6/97.8) | A2 | 1000 | 1.9 | 7.811 |
| R-441A | zeotrope | R-170/290/600a/600 (3.1/54.8/6.0/36.1) | A3 | 1000 | 0.39 | 2.0 |
| R-442A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/152a/227ea (31.0/31.0/30.0/3.0/5.0) |
A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-443A | zeotrope | R-1270/290/600a (55.0/40.0/5.0) | A3 | 640 | 0.19 | 2.2 |
| R-444A | zeotrope | R-32/152a/1234ze(E) (12.0/5.0/83.0) | A2L | 850 | 5.1 | 19.9 |
| R-444B | zeotrope | R-32/152a/1234ze(E) (41.5/10.0/48.5) | A2L | 930 | 4.3 | 17.3 |
| R-445A | zeotrope | R-744/134a/1234ze (E) (6.0/9.0/85.0) | A2L | 930 | 4.2 | 2.7 |
| R-446A | zeotrope | R-32/1234ze(E)/600 (68.0/29.0/3.0) | A2L | 960 | 2.5 | 13.510 |
| R-447A | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234ze(E) (68.0/3.5/28.5) | A2L | 960 | 2.6 | 18.910 |
| R-447B | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234ze(E) (68.0/8.0/24.0) | A2L | 970 | 2.6 | 20.6 |
| R-448A | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf/134a/1234ze(E) (26.0/26.0/20.0/21.0/7.0) |
A1 | 860 | 24 | –– |
| R-448B | –– | R-32/125/1234yf/134a/1234ze(E) (21.0/21.0/20.0/31.0/7.0) |
A1 | 850 | 22.0 | –– |
| R-449A | zeotrope | R-32 /125 /1234yf /134a (24.3/24.7/25.3/25.7) |
A1 | 840 | 23 | –– |
| R-449B | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf/134a (25.2/24.3/23.2/27.3) | A1 | 850 | 23 | –– |
| R-449C | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf/134a (20.0/20.0/31.0/29.0) | A1 | 800 | 23 | –– |
| R-450A | zeotrope | R-134a/1234ze(E) (42.0/58.0) | A1 | 880 | 20 | –– |
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 (continued) REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-451A | zeotrope | R-1234yf/134a (89.8/10.2) | A2L | 530 | 5.0 | 20.310 |
| R-451B | zeotrope | R-1234yf/134a (88.8/11.2) | A2L | 530 | 5.0 | 20.310 |
| R-452A | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf (11.0/59.0/30.0) | A1 | 790 | 27 | –– |
| R-452B | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf (67.0/7.0/26.0) | A2L | 870 | 4.8 | 19.3 |
| R-452C | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234yf (12.5/61.0/26.5) | A1 | 810 | 27 | –– |
| R-453A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/227ea/600/601a (20.0/20.0/53.8/5.0/0.6/0.6) |
A1 | 1000 | 7.8 | –– |
| R-454A | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf (35.0/65.0) | A2L | 690 | 3.2 | 18.310 |
| R-454B | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf (68.9/31.1) | A2L | 850 | 3.1 | 22.010 |
| R-454C | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf (21.5/78.5) | A2L | 620 | 4.4 | 18.010 |
| R-455A | zeotrope | R-744/32/1234yf (3.0/21.5/75.5) | A2L | 650 | 4.9 | 26.9 |
| R-456A | zeotrope | R-32/134a/1234ze(E) (6.0/45.0/49.0) | A1 | 900 | 20 | –– |
| R-457A | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf/152a (18.0/70.0/12.0) | A2L | 650 | 3.4 | 13.5 |
| R-457B | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf/152a (35.0/55.0/10.0) | A2L | 730 | 3.7 | 14.9 |
| R-458A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/227ea/236fa (20.5/4.0/61.4/13.5/0.6) |
A1 | 1000 | 18 | –– |
| R-459A | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf/1234ze(E) (68.0/26.0/6.0) |
A2L | 870 | 4.3 | 17.4 |
| R-459B | zeotrope | R-32/1234yf/1234ze(E) (21.0/69.0/10.0) |
A2L | 640 | 5.8 | 23.3 |
| R-460A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/1234ze(E) (12.0/52.0/14.0/22.0) |
A1 | 950 | 24 | –– |
| R-460B | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/1234ze(E) (28.0/25.0/20.0/27.0) |
A1 | 950 | 25 | –– |
| R-460C | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/1234ze(E) (2.5/2.5/46.0/49.0) |
A1 | 900 | 20 | –– |
| R-461A | zeotrope | R-125/143a/134a/227ea/600a (55.0/5.0/32.0/5.0/3.0) |
A1 | 1000 | 17 | –– |
| R-462A | zeotrope | R-32/125/143a/134a/600 (9.0/42.0/2.0/44.0/3.0) |
A2 | 1000 | 3.9 | 16.69 |
| R-463A | zeotrope | R-744/32/125/1234yf/134a (6.0/36.0/30.0/14.0/14.0) |
A1 | 990 | 19 | –– |
| R-464A | zeotrope | R-32/125/1234ze(E)/227ea (27.0/27.0/40.0/6.0) |
A1 | 930 | 27 | –– |
| R-465A | zeotrope | R-32/290/1234yf (21.0/7.9/71.1) |
A2 | 660 | 2.5 | 10.0 |
| R-466A | zeotrope | R-32/125/13I1 (49.0/11.5/39.5) | A1 | 860 | 6.2 | –– |
| R-467A | zeotrope | R-32/125/134a/600a (22.0/5.0/72.4/0.6) | A2L | 1000 | 6.7 | –– |
| R-468A | zeotrope | R-1132a/32/1234yf (3.5/21.5/75.0) | A2L | 610 | 4.1 | –– |
| R-468B | –– | R-1132a/32/1234yf (6.0/13.0/81.0) | A2L | 570 | 4.4 | –– |
| R-468C | –– | R-1132a/32/1234yf (6.0/42.0/52.0) | A2L | 710 | 4.3 | –– |
| R-469A | zeotrope | R-744/R-32/R-125 (35.0/32.5/32.5) | A1 | 1600 | 8 | –– |
| R-470A | zeotrope | R-744/32/125/134a/1234ze(E)/227ea (10.0/17.0/19.0/7.0/44.0/3.0) |
A1 | 1100 | 17 | –– |
| R-470B | zeotrope | R-744/32/125/134a/1234ze(E)/227ea (10.0/11.5/11.5/3.0/57.0/7.0) |
A1 | 1100 | 16 | –– |
| R-471A | zeotrope | R-1234ze(E)/227ea/1336mzz(E) (78.7/4.3/17.0) |
A1 | 710 | 9.7 | –– |
252 2025 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 (continued) REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-472A | zeotrope | R-744/32/134a (69.0/12.0/19.0) | A1 | 2700 | 4.5 | –– |
| R-472B | –– | R-744/32/134a (58.0/10.0/32.0) | A1 | 2400 | 5.0 | –– |
| R-472C | –– | R-32/125/143a/134a (25.0/25.0/10.0/40.0) |
A1 | 1000 | 20.0 | –– |
| R-473A | –– | R-1132a/23/744/125 20.0/10.0/60.0/10.0) |
A1 | 1700 | 4.8 | –– |
| R-475A | –– | R-1234yf/134a/1234ze(E) (45.0/43.0/12.0) |
A1 | 690 | 20.0 | –– |
| R-500 | azeotrope3 | R-12/152a (73.8/26.2) | A1 | 1000 | 7.4 | –– |
| R-501 | azeotrope3 | R-22/12 (75.0/25.0)4 | A1 | 1000 | 13 | –– |
| R-502 | azeotrope3 | R-22/115 (48.8/51.2) | A1 | 1000 | 21 | –– |
| R-503 | azeotrope3 | R-23/13 (40.1/59.9) | –– | 1000 | –– | –– |
| R-504 | azeotrope3 | R-32/115 (48.2/51.8) | –– | 1000 | 28 | –– |
| R-505 | azeotrope3 | R-12/31 (78.0/22.0)4 | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-506 | azeotrope3 | R-31/114 (55.1/44.9) | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-507A5 | azeotrope3 | R-125/143a (50.0/50.0) | A1 | 1000 | 32 | –– |
| R-508A5 | azeotrope3 | R-23/116 (39.0/61.0) | A1 | 1000 | 14 | –– |
| R-508B | azeotrope3 | R-23/116 (46.0/54.0) | A1 | 1000 | 13 | –– |
| R-509A5 | azeotrope3 | R-22/218 (44.0/56.0) | A1 | 1000 | 24 | –– |
| R-510A | azeotrope3 | R-E170/600a (88.0/12.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.87 | 3.5 |
| R-511A | azeotrope3 | R-290/E170 (95.0/5.0) | A3 | 1000 | 0.59 | 2.4 |
| R-512A | azeotrope3 | R-134a/152a (5.0/95.0) | A2 | 1000 | 1.9 | 7.7 |
| R-513A | azeotrope3 | R-1234yf/134a (56.0/44.0) | A1 | 650 | 20 | –– |
| R-513B | azeotrope3 | R-1234yf/134a (58.5/41.5) | A1 | 640 | 21 | –– |
| R-514A | azeotrope3 | R-1336mzz(Z)/1130 (E) (74.7/25.3) | B1 | 320 | 0.86 | –– |
| R-515A | azeotrope3 | R-1234ze(E)/227ea (88.0/12.0) | A1 | 810 | 19 | –– |
| R-515B | azeotrope3 | R-1234ze(E)/227ea (91.1/8.9) | A1 | 810 | 18 | –– |
| R-516A | azeotrope3 | R-1234yf/134a/152a (77.5/8.5/14.0) | A2L | 590 | 3.2 | 13.1 |
| R-600 | CH3CH2CH2CH3 | Butane | A3 | 1000 | 0.15 | 3.0 |
| R-600a | CH(CH3)2CH3 | 2-methylpropane (isobutene) | A3 | 1000 | 0.59 | 2.4 |
| R-601 | CH3CH2CH2CH2 CH3 | Pentane | A3 | 600 | 0.18 | 2.2 |
| R-601a | (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 | 2-methylbutane (isopentane) | A3 | 600 | 0.18 | 2.4 |
| R-610 | CH3CH2OCH2CH3 | Ethoxyethane (ethyl ether) | –– | 400 | –– | –– |
| R-611 | HCOOCH3 | Methyl formate | B2 | 100 | –– | –– |
| R-620 | –– | (Reserved for future assignment) | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-630 | CH3NH2 | Methanamine (methyl amine) | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-631 | CH3CH2(NH2) | Ethanamine (ethyl amine) | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-702 | H2 | Hydrogen | A3 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-704 | He | Helium | A1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-717 | NH3 | Ammonia | B2L | 25 | 0.014 | 7.2 |
| R-718 | H2O | Water | A1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-720 | Ne | Neon | A1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-728 | N2 | Nitrogen | A1 | –– | –– | –– |
REFRIGERATION
TABLE 1102.3 (continued) REFRIGERANT GROUPS, PROPERTIES, AND ALLOWABLE QUANTITIES [7]
[ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, TABLE 4-2]
| REFRIGERANT | CHEMICAL FORMULA | CHEMICAL NAME1 (COMPOSITION FOR BLENDS) |
SAFETY GROUP |
OEL2 (ppm) |
RCL (lb/Mcf) | LFL8 (lb/Mcf) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-732 | O2 | Oxygen | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-740 | Ar | Argon | A1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-744 | CO2 | Carbon dioxide | A1 | 5000 | 3.4 | –– |
| R-744A | N2O | Nitrous oxide | –– | –– | –– | –– |
| R-764 | SO2 | Sulfur dioxide | B1 | –– | –– | –– |
| R-1130(E) | CHCl=CHCl | Trans-1,2-dichloroethene | B2 | 200 | 0.25 | 16 |
| R-1132a | CF2 = CH2 | 1, 1-difluoroethylene | A2 | 500 | 2.0 | 8.1 |
| R-1150 | CH2=CH2 | Ethene (ethylene) | A3 | 200 | –– | 2.2 |
| R-1224yd(Z) | CF3CF=CHCl | (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropen | A1 | 1000 | 23 | –– |
| R-1233zd(E) | CF3CH=CHCl | Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1- propene | A1 | 800 | 5.3 | –– |
| R-1234yf | CF3CF=CH2 | 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoro-1-propene | A2L | 500 | 4.5 | 18.0 |
| R-1234ze(E) | CF3CH=CFH | Trans-1,3,3,3- tetrafluoro-1-propene | A2L | 800 | 4.7 | 18.8 |
| R-1270 | CH3CH=CH2 | Propene (propylene) | A3 | 500 | 0.11 | 2.9 |
| R-1336mzz(E) | CF3CH=CHCF3 | Trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene | A1 | 400 | 3.0 | –– |
| R-1336mzz(Z) | CF3CHCHCF3 | Cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexaflouro-2-butene | A1 | 500 | 5.2 | –– |
For SI units: 1 pound = 0.453 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m [3]
Notes: 1 The preferred chemical name is followed by the popular name in parenthesis. 2 The OELs are 8-hour TWAs; a “C” designation denotes a ceiling limit. 3 Azeotropic refrigerants exhibit some segregation of components at conditions of temperature and pressure other than those at which they were formulated. The extent of segregation depends on the particular azeotrope and hardware system configuration. 4 The exact composition of this azeotrope is in question and additional experimental studies are needed. 5 R-507, R-508, and R-509 are allowed alternative designations for R-507A, R-508A, and R-509A due to a change in designations after assignment of R-500 through R-509. Corresponding changes were not made for R-500 through R-506. 6 The RCL values for these refrigerant blends are approximated in the absence of adequate data for a component comprising less than 4 percent m/m of the blend and expected to have a small influence in an acute, accidental release. 7 In accordance with Section 1102.3, ammonia refrigeration systems are not regulated by this chapter. R-717 (ammonia) is included in this table because the table is extracted from ASHRAE 34 and is not capable of being modified. 8 LFL is based on WCF @ 73.4°F (23°C) unless otherwise noted. 9 WCFF LFL @ 140°F (60°C). 10 WCFF LFL @ 73.4°F (23°C). 11 WCF LFL @ 212°F (100°C).
254 2025 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE
CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
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Ask AI about this code▸Contents — California Mechanical Code (Title 24, Part 4)
- Chapter 1 — GENERAL CODE PROVISIONS
- Chapter 2 — DEFINITIONS
- Chapter 3 — GENERAL REGULATIONS
- Chapter 4 — VENTILATION AIR
- Chapter 5 — EXHAUST SYSTEMS
- Chapter 6 — DUCT SYSTEMS
- Chapter 7 — COMBUSTION AIR
- Chapter 8 — CHIMNEYS AND VENTS
- Chapter 9 — INSTALLATION OF SPECIFIC APPLIANCES
- Chapter 10 — BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS
▸Chapter 11 — REFRIGERATION
Overview- 1101.1 Applicability. Part I governs the design, installation,
- 1101.2 Equipment. Equipment for refrigerant recovery,
- 1102.1 General. Refrigeration systems using a refrigerant
- 1102.2 Ammonia Refrigeration Systems. Refrigeration
- 1102.3 Refrigerants. The refrigerant used shall be of a type
- 1103.1 Classification of Refrigerants. Refrigerants shall
- 1103.2 Classification of Refrigeration Systems.
- 1103.3 Higher Flammability Refrigerants. Group A3
- 1104.1 System Selection. Refrigeration systems shall be
- 1104.2 Refrigerant Concentration Limit (RCL). The
- 1104.3 Institutional Occupancies. The RCL value
- 1104.4 Industrial Occupancies and Refrigerated
- 1104.5 Flammable Refrigerants. The total of Group A2,
- 1104.6 Group A2L Refrigerants for Human Comfort.
- 1104.7 Applications for Human Comfort and for Non-
- 1104.8 Refrigerant Type and Purity. Refrigerants shall
- 1105.3 Access. An unobstructed readily accessible opening and …
- 1105.4 Illumination and Service Receptacles. In addition to th…
- 1105.5 Ventilation of Rooms Containing Condensing
- 1104.9 Changing Refrigerants. Changes of refrigerant in
- 1105.1 Human Comfort. Cooling systems used for human
- 1105.2 Supports and Anchorage. Supports and anchorage for refr…
- 1105.6 Prohibited Locations. Refrigeration systems or
- 1105.7 Condensate. Condensate from air-cooling coils
- 1105.8 Defrost. Where defrost cycles are required for portions…
- 1105.9 Overflows. Where condensate or defrost liquids are
- 1105.10 Condensate, Defrost, and Overflow Dis-
- 1105.11 Refrigerant Port Protection. Air conditioning
- 1105.12 Storage. Refrigerants and refrigerant oils not
- 1106.1 Where Required. Refrigeration systems shall be
- 1106.2 Refrigeration Machinery Room, General
- 1106.3 Normal Operation. A part of the refrigeration
- 1106.7 Maximum Temperature. Ventilation or mechanical cooling …
- 1106.8 Refrigerant Parts in Air Duct. Joints and refrigerant-c…
- 1106.9 Dimensions. Refrigeration machinery rooms shall
- 1106.10 Exits. Exits shall comply with the building code for
- 1106.11 Machinery Room, A2L and B2L. When required
- 1106.4 Natural Ventilation. When a refrigerating system
- 1106.5 Combustion Air. No open flames that use combustion air …
- 1106.6 Ventilation Intake. Makeup air intakes to replace
- 1107.1 General. In cases specified in the rules of Section
- 1108.1 General. Equipment, piping, ducts, vents, or similar
- 1108.2 Electrical. Electrical equipment and installations shall
- 1108.3 Emergency Shutoff. A clearly identified emergency shuto…
- 1108.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Testing. Detection and a…
- 1108.5 Emergency Pressure Control System. Where
- 1109.1 Materials. Materials used in the construction and
- 1109.2 Joints. Iron or steel pipe joints shall be of approved
- 1109.3 Penetration of Piping. Refrigerant piping shall not
- 1109.4 Location of Refrigeration Piping. Refrigerant
- 1109.5 Underground Piping. Refrigerant piping placed
- 1109.6 Support. In addition to the requirements of Section
- 1109.7 Pipe Enclosure. Refrigerant piping and tubing
- 1109.8 Visual Inspection. Refrigerant piping and joints
- 1109.9 Condensation. Piping and fittings that convey
- 1109.10 Identification. Piping shall be in accordance with
- 1110.1 More than 6.6 Pounds of Refrigerant. Systems
- 1110.2 More than 110 Pounds of Refrigerant. Systems
- 1110.3 Support. Stop valves installed in copper refrigerant
- 1110.4 Access. Stop valves required by Section 1110.0 shall
- 1110.5 Identification. Stop valves shall be identified by tagg…
- 1111.1 Where Required. Pressure-limiting devices complying wit…
- 1111.2 Setting. Pressure limiting devices shall be set in
- 1111.3 Location. Stop valves shall not be installed between
- 1111.4 Emergency Stop. Activation of a pressure-limiting
- 1112.1 General. Refrigeration systems shall be protected by
- 1112.2 Positive Displacement Compressor. A positive
- 1112.3 Liquid-Containing Portions of Systems. Liquid-containin…
- 1112.4 Evaporators. Heat exchanger coils located downstream, o…
- 1112.5 Hydrostatic Expansion. Pressure rise resulting
- 1112.6 Actuation. Pressure-relief devices shall be direct
- 1112.7 Stop Valves Prohibited. Stop valves shall not be
- 1112.8 Location. Pressure-relief devices shall be connected
- 1112.9 Materials. The seats and discs of pressure-relief
- 1112.10 Pressure-Relief Valve Setting. Pressure-relief
- 1112.11 Discharge from Pressure-Relief Devices.
- 1112.12 Discharge Piping. The piping used for pressure-relief …
- 1112.13 Rating of Pressure-Relief Device. The rated
- 1112.14 Rating of Rupture Members and Fusible
- 1113.1 General. Pressure vessels shall be provided with
- 1113.2 Type of Protection. Pressure vessels with an internal g…
- 1113.3 Discharging into Lowside of System. For pressure-relief…
- 1113.4 Parallel Pressure-Relief Devices. Two or more
- 1113.5 Discharge Capacity. The minimum required discharge capa…
- 1113.6 Three-Way Valve. Pressure vessels of 10 cubic feet
- 1114.1 General. Systems containing other than Group A1 or
- 1114.2 Design Requirements. Flaring devices shall be
- 1114.3 Testing. Flaring systems shall be tested to demonstrate…
- 1115.1 General. In addition to labels required elsewhere in
- 1115.2 Volume and Type. A condenser, receiver, absorber,
- 1115.3 Permanent Sign. In a refrigeration machinery
- 1115.4 Marking of Pressure-Relief Devices. Pressurerelief valv…
- 1115.5 Nameplate. Each self-contained system and each
- 1116.1 Factory Tests. Refrigerant-containing parts of unit
- 1116.2 Field Tests. Refrigerant-containing parts of a system t…
- 1116.3 Test Gases. Tests shall be performed with dry nitrogen …
- 1116.4 Declaration. A dated declaration of test shall be
- 1116.5 Brine Systems. Brine-containing portions of a system sh…
- 1117.1 Inside Dimensions 6 Inches or Less. Pressure
- 1117.2 Inside Dimensions More than 6 Inches. Pressure vessels …
- 1117.3 Pressure Vessels for 15 psig or Less. Pressure
- 1118.1 General. Refrigeration systems shall be operated and
- 1119.1 Applicability. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers, …
- 1120.1 General. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers,
- 1121.1 General. Drains, overflows, and blow-down provisions sh…
- 1122.1 General. Chemical treatment systems shall comply
- 1122.2 Automated Control of Cycles of Concentra-
- 1123.1 General. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers,
- 1124.1 General. Electrical systems shall be in accordance
- 1125.1 General. Equipment containing refrigerants as a part
- 1126.1 General. Cooling towers, evaporative condensers,
- 1127.1 General. Cooling towers, evaporative coolers and
- Chapter 12 — HYDRONICS
- Chapter 13 — FUEL GAS PIPING
- Chapter 14 — PROCESS PIPING
- Chapter 15 — SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
- Chapter 16 — STATIONARY POWER PLANTS
- Chapter 17 — GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE…
- Chapter 18 — REFERENCED STANDARDS
- Appendix A — RESIDENTIAL PLAN EXAMINER REVIEW FORM FOR HVAC SY…
- Appendix B — PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED TO PLACE GAS EQUIPMENT …
- Appendix C — INSTALLATION AND TESTING OF OIL (LIQUID) FUEL-FIR…
- Appendix D — FUEL SUPPLY: MANUFACTURED/MOBILE HOME PARKS AND R…
- Appendix E — SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
- Appendix F — SIZING OF VENTING SYSTEMS AND OUTDOOR COMBUSTION …
- Appendix G — EXAMPLE CALCULATION OF OUTDOOR AIR RATE
- Appendix H — PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
- Appendix I — INDOOR HORTICULTURAL FACILITIES
- Appendix J — CLEAN AIR DELIVERY