California Building Standards Code
California Mechanical Code (Title 24, Part 4)
2025 edition · Effective January 1, 2026 · Full text · Explained in plain English
Part 4 of Title 24 — HVAC, ventilation, exhaust and mechanical system requirements.
- Edition
- 2025
- Effective
- 2026-01-01
- Last updated
- 2026-09-25
- Contents
- 28 chapters · 1,097 sections
- Jurisdiction
- California
Contents
▸Chapter 1 — GENERAL CODE PROVISIONS
Overview- 104.2 Items (1) through (5) of this code.
- 101.1 Title.
- 101.2 Scope.
- 101.3 Purpose.
- 101.4 Unconstitutional.
- 101.5 Validity.
- 102.1 Conflicts Between Codes.
- 102.2 Existing Installations.
- 102.3 Maintenance.
- 102.4 Additions, Alterations, Renovations, or Repairs.
- 102.5 Health and Safety.
- 102.6 Changes in Building Occupancy.
- 102.7 Moved Structures.
- 102.8 Appendices.
- 103.1 General.
- 103.2 Liability.
- 103.3 Applications and Permits.
- 103.4 Right of Entry.
- 104.1 Permits Required.
- 104.2 Exempt Work.
- 104.3 Application for Permit.
- 104.4 Permit Issuance.
- 104.5 Fees.
- 105.1 General.
- 105.2 Required Inspections.
- 105.3 Testing of Systems.
- 105.4 Connection to Service Utilities.
- 106.1 General.
- 106.2 Notices of Correction or Violation.
- 106.3 Penalties.
- 106.4 Stop Orders.
- 106.5 Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergen-cies.
- 106.6 Authority to Condemn.
- 107.1 General.
- 107.2 Limitations of Authority.
▸Chapter 3 — GENERAL REGULATIONS
Overview- 301.1 Applicability.
- 301.2 Approval.
- 301.3 Design of Equipment.
- 301.4 Electrical Connections.
- 301.5 Oil-Burning Appliances.
- 301.6 Personnel Protection.
- 301.7 OSHPD 1R. [OSHPD 1R]
- 302.1 Minimum Standards.
- 302.2 Alternate Materials and Methods of Construc-tion Equivalency.
- 302.3 Alternative Engineered Design.
- 303.1 Listed Appliances.
- 303.2 Closet or Alcove Installations.
- 303.3 Unlisted Appliances.
- 303.4 Anchorage of Appliances.
- 303.5 Restraining Device.
- 303.6 Identification of Equipment.
- 303.7 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas) Facilities.
- 303.8 Appliances on Roofs.
- 303.9 Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping.
- 303.10 Clearance to Combustible Materials.
- 303.11 Installation in Commercial Garages.
- 303.12 Installation in Aircraft Hangars.
- 304.1 General.
- 304.2 Sloped Roof.
- 304.3 Access to Appliances on Roofs.
- 304.4 Appliances in Attics and Under-Floor Spaces.
- 305.1 Installation in Residential Garages.
- 305.2 Pit Location.
- 305.3 Flood Hazard Areas.
- 305.4 Elevator Shaft.
- 305.5 Drainage Pan.
- 305.6 Outdoor Locations.
- 306.1 General.
- 306.2 Building Automation Systems. [OSHPD 1]
- 307.1 Fuel-Burning Appliances.
- 307.2 Electric Heating Appliances.
- 307.3 Heat Pump and Electric Cooling Appliances.
- 307.4 Absorption Units.
- 308.1 General.
- 309.1 Engineering Practices.
- 309.2 Concealing Imperfections.
- 309.3 Installation Practices.
- 310.1 Condensate Disposal.
- 310.2 Condensate Control.
- 310.3 Condensate Waste Pipe Material and Sizing.
- 310.4 Appliance Condensate Drains.
- 310.5 Point of Discharge.
- 310.6 Condensate Waste from Air-Conditioning Coils.
- 310.7 Female Plastic Connections.
- 311.1 Source.
- 311.2 Air Filters.
- 311.3 Prohibited Sources.
- 311.4 Return-Air Limitations.
- 311.5 California Energy Code Requirements for Res-idential Air Filtration.
- 312.1 General.
- 313.1 General.
- 313.2 Material.
- 313.3 Suspended Piping.
- 313.4 Alignment.
- 313.5 Underground Installation.
- 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes.
- 313.7 Gas Piping.
- 314.1 General.
- 315.1 General.
- 316.1 General.
- 316.2 Installation.
- 316.3 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage.
- 316.4 Protectively Coated Pipe.
- 316.5 Fire-Resistant Construction.
- 316.6 Steel Nail Plates.
- 316.7 Sleeves.
- 316.8 Firewalls.
- 316.9 Structural Members.
- 316.10 Rodentproofing.
- 316.11 Metal Collars.
- 317.1 Trenches.
- 317.2 Tunneling and Driving.
- 317.3 Open Trenches.
- 317.4 Excavations.
- 318.1 Applicability.
- 318.2 Services/Systems and Utilities.
- 319.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Serv-ices Provided in Correctional Treatment Cen…
- 319.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermedi-
- 320.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Serv-ices Provided in Correctional Treatment Cen…
- 320.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermedi-
- 320.3 Requirements for Outpatient Facilities and
- 320.4 Telephone and Technology Equipment Centers.
- 320.5 Psychiatric Services. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 4 & 5]
- 321.1 (Does not apply to OSHPD 3 surgical clinic.)
- 321.2 All heating equipment and fans necessary to maintain
- 321.3 Cooling equipment necessary to maintain temperature
- 321.4 Equipment necessary for humidification of the areas listed in Section 322.0.
- 321.5 All supply, return, and exhaust fans required to maintain
- 321.6 All control components, control systems and fire and
- 321.7 Alarms for airborne infection isolation rooms and pro-tective environment rooms.
- 322.0 Sensitive Areas or Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 2, 3 (Sur-
- 322.1 The following conditions shall be met for sensitive
- 325.0 Alternate Source of Power for Safe Tempera-tures.
▸Chapter 4 — VENTILATION AIR
Overview- 401.1 Applicability.
- 401.2 Indoor Swimming Pools.
- 401.3 Filters.
- 402.1 Occupiable Spaces.
- 402.2 Natural Ventilation Procedure.
- 402.3 Mechanical Ventilation.
- 402.4 Outdoor Air Intakes.
- 403.1 General.
- 403.2 Zone Calculations.
- 403.3 Single-Zone Systems.
- 403.4 One Hundred Percent Outdoor Air Systems.
- 403.5 Multiple-Zone Recirculating Systems.
- 403.6 Design for Varying Operating Conditions.
- 403.7 Exhaust Ventilation.
- 403.8 Dynamic Reset.
- 403.9 Air Classification and Recirculation.
- 403.10 Air Balance.
- 404.1 System Ventilation Efficiency.
- 404.2 Average Outdoor Air Fraction.
- 404.3 Zone Ventilation Efficiency.
- 405.1 General.
- 405.2 Ventilation Air Rate.
- 405.3 Bathroom Exhaust.
- 405.4 Kitchen Exhaust.
- 405.5 Ventilation Openings.
- 406.0 Evaporative Cooling System for Health Care
- 407.1 General.
- 407.2 Outdoor Air Intakes and Exhaust Outlets.
- 407.3 Air Balance.
- 407.4 Air Circulation.
- 407.5 Variable Air Volume.
- 407.6 Economizers.
- 407.7 Unoccupied Turndown.
- 408.3 Filters for Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermedi-ate Care Facilities, and Correctional …
- 408.4 Filters for Outpatient Facilities.
- 408.5 Filters for Recirculating Room Units.
- 409.1 Ducts which penetrate construction, intended for X-
- 409.2 Duct linings and their use shall meet the requirements of Chapter 6, California Mechanic…
- 409.3 The anchorage and supporting structural elements for
- 410.1 Laboratory Ventilating Systems.
- 410.2 Exhaust Hoods and Safety Cabinets.
- 410.3 Laboratory Fume Hoods.
- 407.8 Building Pressurization.
- 408.1 General.
- 408.2 Filters for Hospitals.
- 411.1 The air from dining areas may be used to ventilate the
- 412.1 Boiler, heater and electrical equipment rooms shall be
- 412.2 Floor surfaces in occupied spaces above such rooms
- 413.1 Rooms in areas where excessive heat or moisture is
- 413.2 Kitchen, morgues and laundries located inside a hos-
- 414.1 Exhaust Systems.
- 414.2 Air Distribution.
- 415.1 Air Distribution.
- 416.1 An alarm system which is based on static pressure con-
- 416.2 Other acceptable alarm systems will be allowed when designs are specifically approved by…
- 416.3 [OSHPD 4]
- 416.4 Prior to acceptance of the rooms, the alarm system
- 417.0 Testing and Balancing Airborne Infection Isola-tion Rooms and Protective Environment Roo…
- 418.1 Air Changes.
- 418.2 Exhaust Requirements.
- 418.3 Ventilation Requirements.
- 418.4 Gas Valves.
- 418.5 Alarm Systems.
- 419.1 Formula Preparation Area.
- 419.2 Treatment Area/Room.
▸Chapter 5 — EXHAUST SYSTEMS
Overview- 503.1 General.
- 503.2 Fans.
- 504.1 General.
- 501.1 Applicability.
- 502.1 Exhaust Opening Protection.
- 502.2 Termination of Exhaust Ducts.
- 504.2 Independent Exhaust Systems.
- 504.3 Domestic Cooking Exhaust Equipment.
- 504.4 Clothes Dryers.
- 504.5 Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) Systems.
- 505.1 General.
- 505.2 Incompatible Materials.
- 505.3 Flammability Limit.
- 505.4 Air-Moving Devices.
- 505.5 Generating Flames, Sparks, or Hot Materials.
- 505.6 Fire Dampers.
- 505.7 Fire Detection, Smoke Control, and Alarm Sys-tems.
- 505.8 Product-Conveying Duct Classifications.
- 505.9 Minimum Velocities and Circulation.
- 505.10 Makeup Air.
- 505.11 Hoods and Enclosures.
- 505.12 Pharmacies – Compounding Area of Par-
- 506.1 Materials.
- 506.2 Construction.
- 506.3 Penetrations.
- 506.4 Condensate.
- 506.5 Fittings.
- 506.6 Explosion Venting.
- 506.7 Supports.
- 506.8 Fire Protection.
- 506.9 Protection from Physical Damage.
- 506.10 Duct Clearances.
- 506.11 Clearance Reduction Methods.
- 507.1 Exhaust Systems.
- 507.2 Type I Hood Exhaust System Requirements.
- 507.3 Listed Devices.
- 507.4 Clearance.
- 507.5 Drawings.
- 507.6 Notification of Change.
- 507.7 Pharmaceutical Compounding Exhaust Dis-
- 508.1 Where Required.
- 508.2 Listed Type I Hood Assemblies.
- 508.3 Construction of Type I Hoods.
- 508.4 Supports.
- 508.5 Hood Size.
- 508.6 Solid-Fuel Hood Assemblies.
- 508.7 Exhaust Outlets.
- 509.1 Grease Removal Devices.
- 509.2 Installation.
- 509.3 Solid-Fuel Grease Removal Devices.
- 510.1 General.
- 510.2 Clearance.
- 510.3 Openings.
- 510.4 Listed Grease Ducts.
- 510.5 Other Grease Ducts.
- 510.6 Exterior Installations.
- 510.7 Interior Installations.
- 510.8 Underground Installations.
- 510.9 Termination of Type I Hood Exhaust System.
- 510.10 Solid-Fuel Duct Systems.
- 511.1 Exhaust Fans for Commercial Cooking Opera-tions.
- 511.2 Airflow.
- 511.3 Makeup Air.
- 511.4 Common Duct (Manifold) Systems.
- 511.5 Solid-Fuel Air Movement Requirements.
- 512.1 Dampers.
- 512.2 Electrical Equipment.
- 512.3 Other Equipment.
- 512.4 Solid-Fuel Auxiliary Equipment.
- 513.1 General.
- 513.2 Types of Equipment.
- 513.3 Simultaneous Operation.
- 513.4 Fuel and Electric Power Shutoff.
- 513.5 Manual Actuation.
- 513.6 System Annunciation.
- 513.7 Special Design and Application.
- 513.8 Review and Certification.
- 513.9 Installation Requirements.
- 513.10 Portable Fire Extinguishers.
- 513.11 Maintenance.
- 513.12 Solid-Fuel Fire-Extinguishing Equipment.
- 514.1 Operating Procedures.
- 514.2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance.
- 514.3 Inspection for Grease Buildup.
- 514.4 Cleaning of Exhaust Systems.
- 514.5 Cooking Equipment Maintenance.
- 515.1 Cooking Equipment.
- 515.2 Operating Controls.
- 516.1 General Requirements.
- 516.2 Design Restrictions.
- 516.3 Interlocks.
- 516.4 Location and Application Restrictions.
- 516.5 Additional Fire Safety Requirements.
- 516.6 Use and Maintenance.
- 517.1 Venting Application.
- 517.2 Location of Appliances.
- 517.3 Hoods for Solid-Fuel Cooking.
- 517.4 Exhaust Systems for Solid-Fuel Cooking.
- 517.5 Grease Removal Devices for Solid-Fuel Cook-ing.
- 517.6 Air Movement for Solid-Fuel Cooking.
- 517.7 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment for Solid-Fuel Cooking.
- 517.8 Other Safety Requirements.
- 518.1 General.
- 518.2 Ventilation System.
- 518.3 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment.
- 518.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer.
- 518.5 Surface Materials.
- 519.1 Where Required.
- 519.2 Construction of Type II Hoods.
- 519.3 Type II Hood Exhaust System Net Airflow.
- 519.4 Type II Exhaust Duct Systems.
- 519.5 Termination of Type II Hood Exhaust System.
- 519.6 Makeup Air.
- 519.7 Independent Exhaust Duct System.
▸Chapter 6 — DUCT SYSTEMS
Overview- 601.1 Applicability.
- 601.2 Sizing Requirements.
- 602.1 General.
- 602.2 Combustibles Within Ducts or Plenums.
- 602.3 Tall Wood (Mass Timber) Buildings.
- 602.4 Metallic.
- 602.5 Nonmetallic Ducts.
- 602.6 Vibration Isolators.
- 602.7 Corridors.
- 603.1 General.
- 603.2 Under-Floor or Crawl Space.
- 603.3 Metal Ducts.
- 603.4 Flexible Air Ducts.
- 603.5 Plastic Ducts.
- 603.6 Protection of Ducts.
- 603.7 Support of Ducts.
- 603.8 Protection Against Flood Damage.
- 603.9 Joints and Seams of Ducts.
- 603.10 Cross Contamination.
- 603.11 Underground Installation.
- 603.12 Air Dispersion Systems.
- 603.13 Clearances.
- 604.1 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts.
- 604.2 Supplied as a Part of Furnace.
- 604.3 Not Supplied with the Furnace.
- 604.4 Return Air.
- 605.1 General.
- 605.2 [OSHPD 1, 3 (Surgical Clinics), 4 & 5]
- 605.3 [OSHPD 1, 2, 4 & 5]
- 606.1 Smoke Dampers.
- 606.2 Fire Dampers.
- 606.3 Ceiling Radiation Dampers.
- 606.4 Combination Fire/Smoke Dampers.
- 606.5 Corridor Dampers.
- 606.6 Periodic Testing and Inspection.
- 606.7 Multiple Arrangements.
- 606.8 Access and Identification.
- 606.9 Freedom from Interference.
- 606.10 Temperature Classification of Operating Ele-ments.
- 607.1 General.
- 607.2 Requirements.
- 608.1 General.
- 608.2 Dwelling Units.
- 608.3 Enclosed.
- 608.4 Flammable Materials.
- 608.5 Access.
- 608.6 Automatic Control.
- 608.7 Temperature Limit.
- 608.8 Noncombustible Receptacle.
- 608.9 Floor Registers.
- 608.10 Exterior Wall and Interior Stud Partitions.
- 608.11 Wall Register.
- 608.12 Distance from Combustible.
- 608.13 Vapor Barrier.
- 608.14 Prohibited.
- 609.1 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors.
- 609.2 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors in Group I-2 Occupancies.
▸Chapter 7 — COMBUSTION AIR
Overview- 701.1 Applicability.
- 701.2 Pressure Difference.
- 701.3 Makeup Air.
- 701.4 Indoor Combustion Air.
- 701.5 Indoor Opening Size and Location.
- 701.6 Outdoor Combustion Air.
- 701.7 Combination Indoor and Outdoor Combustion Air.
- 701.8 Engineered Installations.
- 701.9 Mechanical Combustion Air Supply.
- 701.10 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens.
- 701.11 Combustion Air Ducts.
- 701.12 Dampers Prohibited.
- 702.1 General.
▸Chapter 8 — CHIMNEYS AND VENTS
Overview- 801.1 Applicability.
- 801.2 Venting of Gas Appliances.
- 801.3 Appliances Fueled by Other Fuels.
- 802.1 Listing.
- 802.2 Connection to Venting Systems.
- 802.3 Minimum Safe Performance.
- 802.4 Type of Venting System to be Used.
- 802.5 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys.
- 802.6 Gas Vents.
- 802.7 Single-Wall Metal Pipe.
- 802.8 Through-the-Wall Vent Termination.
- 802.9 Condensation Drain.
- 802.10 Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances.
- 802.11 Vent Connectors for Category II, Category III, and Category IV Appliances.
- 802.12 Appliances Requiring Draft Hoods.
- 802.13 Manually Operated Dampers.
- 802.14 Automatically Operated Vent Dampers.
- 802.15 Obstruction of Flow.
- 803.1 Additional Requirements to Single Appliance Vent.
- 803.2 Additional Requirements to Multiple-Appliance Vent.
▸Chapter 9 — INSTALLATION OF SPECIFIC APPLIANCES
Overview- 901.1 Applicability.
- 902.1 Nonindustrial Appliances.
- 902.2 Combustion Air from Bedroom or Bathroom.
- 902.3 Added or Converted Appliances.
- 902.4 Type of Gas(es).
- 902.5 Safety Shutoff Devices for Unlisted LP-Gas Appliances Used Indoors.
- 902.6 Fuel Input Rate.
- 902.7 Use of Air or Oxygen Under Pressure.
- 902.8 Appliance Support.
- 902.9 Flammable Vapors.
- 902.10 Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances.
- 902.11 Combination of Appliances and Equipment.
- 902.12 Protection of Gas Appliances from Fumes or Gases Other than Products of Combustion.
- 903.3 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners.
- 904.1 Application.
- 902.13 Process Air.
- 902.14 Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators.
- 902.15 Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves.
- 903.1 Electric Air Conditioners.
- 903.2 Gas-Fired Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps.
- 904.4 Assembly and Installation.
- 904.2 Location.
- 904.3 Clearance.
- 904.5 Temperature or Pressure Limiting Devices.
- 904.6 Low-Water Cutoff.
- 904.7 Steam Safety and Pressure Relief Valves.
- 904.8 Refrigeration Coils.
- 904.9 Cooling Units Used with Heating Boilers.
- 904.10 Furnace (Upright and Horizontal).
- 905.7 Duct Furnaces Used with Refrigeration Sys-tems.
- 905.8 Installation in Commercial Garages and Aircraft Hangars.
- 905.9 Electric Duct Heaters.
- 906.1 Application.
- 904.11 Solid-Fuel-Fired Furnaces.
- 904.12 Oil-Fired Central Furnaces.
- 904.13 Commercial or Industrial Gas Heaters.
- 904.14 Electric Central Furnaces.
- 905.1 Application.
- 905.2 Clearances.
- 905.3 Installation of Duct Furnaces.
- 905.4 Access Panels.
- 905.5 Location of Draft Hoods and Controls.
- 905.6 Circulating Air.
- 906.2 Installation.
- 906.3 Temperature Limit Controls.
- 906.4 Combustion and Circulating Air.
- 906.5 Placement.
- 906.6 Bracing.
- 906.7 Support.
- 906.8 Clearance.
- 906.9 Access.
- 906.10 Seepage Pan.
- 906.11 Wind Protection.
- 906.12 Upper Floor Installations.
- 906.13 First Floor Installation.
- 906.14 Oil-Fired Floor Furnaces.
- 907.1 Application.
- 907.2 Installation.
- 907.4 Combustion and Circulating Air.
- 907.5 Oil-Fired Wall Furnaces.
- 908.1 Application.
- 908.2 Electric Clothes Dryers.
- 908.3 Gas-Fired Clothes Dryers.
- 909.1 General.
- 907.3 Location.
- 910.1 Oil Burners.
- 910.2 Gas Burners.
- 911.1 Application.
- 911.2 Prohibited Installations.
- 911.3 Installation.
- 911.4 Fireplace Screens.
- 912.1 Application.
- 912.2 Reserved
- 912.3 Installation.
- 912.4 Combustion and Circulating Air.
- 913.1 Factory-Built Fireplaces.
- 913.2 Fireplace Stoves.
- 913.3 Fireplace Accessories.
- 914.1 Application.
- 914.2 Prohibited Installations.
- 914.3 Installation.
- 914.4 Clearance from Combustible Materials.
- 914.5 Air Supply.
- 914.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds.
- 914.7 Relief Openings.
- 914.8 Purging.
- 915.1 Application.
- 915.2 Electric Room Heaters.
- 915.3 Gas-Fired Room Heaters.
- 916.4 Combustion and Circulating Air.
- 916.5 Ductwork.
- 916.6 Installation in Commercial Garages and Air-craft Hangars.
- 916.7 Oil-Fired Unit Heaters.
- 917.1 Application.
- 917.2 Clearance for Listed Appliances.
- 917.3 Mounting on Combustible Floors.
- 915.4 Solid-Fuel Type Room Heaters.
- 916.1 Application.
- 916.2 Support.
- 916.3 Clearance for Suspended-Type Unit Heaters.
- 917.6 Use with Casters.
- 917.7 Level Installation.
- 917.8 Ventilation.
- 918.1 Application.
- 918.2 Vertical Clearance.
- 918.3 Clearance for Listed Appliances.
- 918.4 Clearance for Unlisted Appliances.
- 919.1 Application.
- 919.2 Electric Household Cooking Appliances.
- 919.3 Gas-Fired Household Cooking Appliances.
- 917.4 Installation on Noncombustible Floors.
- 917.5 Combustible Material Adjacent to Cooking Top.
- 919.4 Floor-Mounted Units.
- 919.5 Built-In Units.
- 919.6 Level Installation.
- 920.1 Commercial Electric Ranges.
- 920.2 Commercial Wood-Fired Baking Ovens.
- 920.3 Oil-Burning Ranges.
- 921.1 Application.
- 921.2 Protection Above Domestic Units.
- 921.3 Commercial Units.
- 922.1 Application.
- 923.1 Clearances for Listed Appliances.
- 923.2 Clearances for Unlisted Appliances.
- 923.3 Mounting on Buildings.
- 923.4 Mounting on Posts.
- 923.5 Appliance Pressure Regulators.
- 924.1 Field Constructed Commercial-Industrial
- 924.2 Factory-Built Commercial Crematories.
- 924.3 Residential Incinerators.
- 925.1 Application.
- 925.2 Support.
- 925.3 Clearance.
- 927.2 Clearance.
- 927.3 Venting or Ventilating Kits Approved for Use with a Refrigerator.
- 928.1 Clearance.
- 928.2 Installation on Combustible Floors.
- 928.3 Vents.
- 929.1 General.
- 930.1 General.
- 930.2 Installation.
- 930.3 Fuel-Gas Controls.
- 930.4 Electrical Equipment.
- 925.4 Combustion and Ventilation Air.
- 925.5 Installation in Commercial Garages and Air-craft Hangars.
- 925.6 Electric Radiant Heaters.
- 926.1 Application.
- 926.2 Location.
- 926.3 Clearance.
- 926.4 Temperature or Pressure-Limiting Devices.
- 926.5 Bypass Valves.
- 926.6 Venting.
- 927.1 Application.
- 931.1 General.
- 932.1 General.
- 932.2 Location.
- 932.3 Access, Inspection, and Repair.
- 932.4 Installation.
- 933.1 Self-Contained Refrigerators and Freezers.
- 930.5 Installations Inside Buildings.
- 930.6 Exterior Installations.
- 933.2 Unit Coolers.
- 933.3 Self-Contained Mechanical Refrigeration Sys-tems.
- 934.1 General.
- 935.1 Electrostatic Air Cleaners.
- 935.2 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Units.
- 936.1 General.
- 937.1 General.
- 938.1 General.
- 939.1 Electric Sauna Heaters.
▸Chapter 10 — BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS
Overview- 1001.1 Applicability.
- 1001.2 Boiler Rooms and Enclosures.
- 1001.3 Air for Combustion and Ventilation.
- 1001.4 Drainage.
- 1001.5 Mounting.
- 1001.6 Chimneys or Vents.
- 1002.1 General.
- 1002.2 Oil-Burning Boilers.
- 1002.3 Electric Boilers.
- 1002.4 Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers.
- 1002.5 Dual Purpose Water Heaters.
- 1003.1 Safety Requirements.
- 1003.2 Controls.
- 1003.3 Gauges.
- 1003.4 Stack Dampers.
- 1003.5 Welding.
- 1004.1 General.
- 1004.2 Open-Type Expansion Tanks.
- 1004.3 Closed-Type Systems.
- 1004.4 Minimum Capacity of Closed-Type Tank.
- 1005.1 General.
- 1005.2 Discharge Piping.
- 1005.3 Splash Shield.
- 1005.4 Hazardous Discharge.
- 1005.5 Vacuum Relief Valve.
- 1006.1 General.
- 1007.1 General.
- 1008.1 General.
- 1009.1 General.
- 1010.1 General.
- 1010.2 Power Boilers.
- 1010.3 Steam-Heating Boilers, Hot Water Boilers, and Power Boilers.
- 1010.4 Package Boilers, Steam-Heating Boilers, and Hot-Water-Heating Boilers.
- 1011.1 General.
- 1012.1 General.
- 1013.1 General.
- 1013.2 Operating Permit.
- 1013.3 Maintenance Inspection.
- 1013.4 Power and Miniature Boilers.
- 1013.5 Steam-Heating and Water-Heating Boilers.
- 1013.6 Automatic Steam-Heating Boilers.
- 1013.7 Unfired Pressure Vessels.
- 1014.1 General.
▸Chapter 11 — REFRIGERATION
Overview- 1101.1 Applicability.
- 1101.2 Equipment.
- 1102.1 General.
- 1102.2 Ammonia Refrigeration Systems.
- 1102.3 Refrigerants.
- 1103.1 Classification of Refrigerants.
- 1103.2 Classification of Refrigeration Systems.
- 1103.3 Higher Flammability Refrigerants.
- 1104.1 System Selection.
- 1104.2 Refrigerant Concentration Limit (RCL).
- 1104.3 Institutional Occupancies.
- 1104.4 Industrial Occupancies and Refrigerated Rooms.
- 1104.5 Flammable Refrigerants.
- 1104.6 Group A2L Refrigerants for Human Comfort.
- 1104.7 Applications for Human Comfort and for Non-industrial Occupancies.
- 1104.8 Refrigerant Type and Purity.
- 1105.3 Access.
- 1105.4 Illumination and Service Receptacles.
- 1105.5 Ventilation of Rooms Containing Condensing Units.
- 1104.9 Changing Refrigerants.
- 1105.1 Human Comfort.
- 1105.2 Supports and Anchorage.
- 1105.6 Prohibited Locations.
- 1105.7 Condensate.
- 1105.8 Defrost.
- 1105.9 Overflows.
- 1105.10 Condensate, Defrost, and Overflow Dis-posal.
- 1105.11 Refrigerant Port Protection.
- 1105.12 Storage.
- 1106.1 Where Required.
- 1106.2 Refrigeration Machinery Room, General Requirements.
- 1106.3 Normal Operation.
- 1106.7 Maximum Temperature.
- 1106.8 Refrigerant Parts in Air Duct.
- 1106.9 Dimensions.
- 1106.10 Exits.
- 1106.11 Machinery Room, A2L and B2L.
- 1106.4 Natural Ventilation.
- 1106.5 Combustion Air.
- 1106.6 Ventilation Intake.
- 1107.1 General.
- 1108.1 General.
- 1108.2 Electrical.
- 1108.3 Emergency Shutoff.
- 1108.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Testing.
- 1108.5 Emergency Pressure Control System.
- 1109.1 Materials.
- 1109.2 Joints.
- 1109.3 Penetration of Piping.
- 1109.4 Location of Refrigeration Piping.
- 1109.5 Underground Piping.
- 1109.6 Support.
- 1109.7 Pipe Enclosure.
- 1109.8 Visual Inspection.
- 1109.9 Condensation.
- 1109.10 Identification.
- 1110.1 More than 6.6 Pounds of Refrigerant.
- 1110.2 More than 110 Pounds of Refrigerant.
- 1110.3 Support.
- 1110.4 Access.
- 1110.5 Identification.
- 1111.1 Where Required.
- 1111.2 Setting.
- 1111.3 Location.
- 1111.4 Emergency Stop.
- 1112.1 General.
- 1112.2 Positive Displacement Compressor.
- 1112.3 Liquid-Containing Portions of Systems.
- 1112.4 Evaporators.
- 1112.5 Hydrostatic Expansion.
- 1112.6 Actuation.
- 1112.7 Stop Valves Prohibited.
- 1112.8 Location.
- 1112.9 Materials.
- 1112.10 Pressure-Relief Valve Setting.
- 1112.11 Discharge from Pressure-Relief Devices.
- 1112.12 Discharge Piping.
- 1112.13 Rating of Pressure-Relief Device.
- 1112.14 Rating of Rupture Members and Fusible Plugs.
- 1113.1 General.
- 1113.2 Type of Protection.
- 1113.3 Discharging into Lowside of System.
- 1113.4 Parallel Pressure-Relief Devices.
- 1113.5 Discharge Capacity.
- 1113.6 Three-Way Valve.
- 1114.1 General.
- 1114.2 Design Requirements.
- 1114.3 Testing.
- 1115.1 General.
- 1115.2 Volume and Type.
- 1115.3 Permanent Sign.
- 1115.4 Marking of Pressure-Relief Devices.
- 1115.5 Nameplate.
- 1116.1 Factory Tests.
- 1116.2 Field Tests.
- 1116.3 Test Gases.
- 1116.4 Declaration.
- 1116.5 Brine Systems.
- 1117.1 Inside Dimensions 6 Inches or Less.
- 1117.2 Inside Dimensions More than 6 Inches.
- 1117.3 Pressure Vessels for 15 psig or Less.
- 1118.1 General.
- 1119.1 Applicability.
- 1120.1 General.
- 1121.1 General.
- 1122.1 General.
- 1122.2 Automated Control of Cycles of Concentra-tion.
- 1123.1 General.
- 1124.1 General.
- 1125.1 General.
- 1126.1 General.
- 1127.1 General.
▸Chapter 12 — HYDRONICS
Overview- 1201.1 Applicability.
- 1201.2 Insulation.
- 1201.3 Water Hammer Protection.
- 1201.4 Terminal Units.
- 1201.5 Return-Water Low-Temperature Protection.
- 1201.6 Heat Transfer Fluid Quality.
- 1201.7 Heat Emitters.
- 1201.8 Mechanical Devices.
- 1201.9 Flexible Connectors.
- 1201.10 Freeze Protection.
- 1202.1 Prohibited Sources.
- 1202.2 Chemical Injection.
- 1202.3 Compatibility.
- 1203.1 Heat Source.
- 1203.2 Dual Purpose Water Heaters.
- 1203.3 Tankless Water Heaters.
- 1204.1 General.
- 1204.2 Color and Information.
- 1204.3 Potable Water.
- 1204.4 Nonpotable Water.
- 1204.5 Location of Piping Identification.
- 1204.6 Flow Directions.
- 1204.7 Heat Transfer Fluid.
- 1204.8 Identification of Chemical Additives.
- 1205.1 Operating Instructions.
- 1205.2 Pressure Testing.
- 1205.3 Flushing.
- 1206.1 General.
- 1206.2 Discharge Piping.
- 1207.1 General.
- 1207.2 Boilers.
- 1207.3 Dual Purpose Water Heaters.
- 1207.4 Solar Heat Collector Systems.
- 1207.5 Heat Pumps.
- 1208.1 General.
- 1210.2 Expansion and Contraction.
- 1210.3 Hangers and Supports.
- 1210.4 Oxygen Diffusion Corrosion.
- 1211.1 General.
- 1211.2 Pipe Bends.
- 1208.2 Mounting.
- 1208.3 Sizing.
- 1209.1 General.
- 1209.2 Installation.
- 1209.3 Closed-Type Tanks.
- 1209.4 Sizing.
- 1210.1 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings.
- 1211.4 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints.
- 1211.5 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing.
- 1211.3 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipe.
- 1211.6 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe.
- 1211.7 Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pipe.
- 1211.8 Ductile Iron Pipe.
- 1211.9 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe/Tubing.
- 1211.11 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT).
- 1211.12 Polypropylene (PP) Pipe.
- 1211.13 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe.
- 1211.10 Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE).
- 1212.1 General.
- 1212.2 Where Required.
- 1212.3 Heat Exchanger.
- 1212.4 Pressure Vessels.
- 1212.5 Pressure Reducing Valves.
- 1212.6 Equipment, Components, and Appliances.
- 1212.7 Expansion Tank.
- 1212.8 Flow Balancing Valves.
- 1212.9 Mixing or Temperature Control Valves.
- 1212.10 Thermosiphoning.
- 1212.11 Air Removal Device or Air Vents.
- 1212.12 District Energy and Central Utility Systems.
- 1213.1 Water Temperature Controls.
- 1211.14 Steel Pipe and Tubing.
- 1211.15 Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints.
- 1211.16 Joints Between Various Materials.
- 1213.2 Operating Steam Controls.
- 1213.3 Occupied Spaces.
- 1213.4 Simultaneous Operation.
- 1213.5 Temperature Reading.
- 1214.1 Balancing.
- 1214.2 Low-Water Control.
- 1214.3 Flow-Sensing Devices.
- 1214.4 Automatic Makeup Fluid.
- 1214.5 Differential Pressure Regulation.
- 1214.6 Air-Removal Device.
- 1214.7 Air-Separation Device.
- 1214.8 Secondary Loops.
- 1215.1 General.
- 1215.2 Installation.
- 1215.3 Balancing.
- 1215.4 Heat Transfer Fluid.
- 1216.1 Steam Traps.
- 1216.2 Sloping for Two-Pipe System.
- 1216.3 Sloping for One-Pipe System.
- 1216.4 Automatic Air Vents.
- 1216.5 Condensate Flow.
- 1216.6 Steam-Distribution Piping.
- 1217.1 Installation.
- 1217.2 Radiant Under-Floor Heating.
- 1217.3 Radiant Cooling Systems.
- 1217.4 Chilled Water Supply/Distribution Piping.
- 1217.5 Tube Placement.
- 1217.6 Tube Length.
- 1217.7 Tube Identification.
- 1217.8 Poured Floor Structural Concrete Slab Sys-tems (Thermal Mass).
- 1217.9 Joist Systems and Subfloors.
- 1217.10 Wall and Ceiling Panels.
- 1217.11 Radiant Heating and Cooling Panels.
- 1218.1 General.
- 1219.1 General.
- 1220.1 Use of Chemical Additives and Corrosive Flu-ids.
- 1220.2 Types of Tube Fasteners.
- 1220.3 Spacing of Tube Fasteners.
- 1220.4 Snow and Ice Melt Controls.
- 1220.5 Hydronic Makeup Air Units.
- 1221.1 General.
- 1221.2 Embedded Piping Materials and Joints.
- 1221.3 Pressure Testing.
- 1221.4 System Drainage.
- 1221.5 Condensate Drainage.
- 1221.6 Hydronic Fluid Disposal.
- 1221.7 Clearance to Combustibles.
▸Chapter 13 — FUEL GAS PIPING
Overview- 1301.1 Applicability.
- 1302.1 General.
- 1302.2 Piping System Requirements.
- 1302.3 Applications.
- 1303.1 Inspection Notification.
- 1303.2 Excavation.
- 1303.3 Type of Inspections.
- 1303.4 Inspection Waived.
- 1304.1 Issuance.
- 1304.2 Gas Supplier.
- 1304.3 Unlawful.
- 1305.1 Authorized Personnel.
- 1305.2 Outlets.
- 1306.1 Disconnection.
- 1306.2 Notice.
- 1306.3 Capped Outlets.
- 1307.1 General.
- 1308.1 Installation of Piping System.
- 1308.2 Interconnections Supplying Separate Users.
- 1308.3 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems.
- 1308.4 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods.
- 1308.5 Gas Meters.
- 1308.6 Gas Pressure Regulators.
- 1308.7 Overpressure Protection.
- 1308.8 Pressure Limitation Requirements.
- 1308.9 Overpressure Protection Devices.
- 1308.13 Expansion and Flexibility.
- 1308.14 Pressure Regulator and Pressure Control Venting.
- 1308.10 Backpressure Protection.
- 1308.11 Low-Pressure Protection.
- 1308.12 Shutoff Valves.
- 1309.1 General.
- 1310.1 Piping Underground.
- 1310.2 CSST Piping Systems.
- 1310.3 Installation of Aboveground Piping.
- 1310.4 Concealed Piping in Buildings.
- 1310.5 Piping in Vertical Chases.
- 1310.6 Maximum Operating Pressure in Buildings.
- 1310.7 Appliance Overpressure Protection.
- 1310.8 Gas Pipe Turns.
- 1310.9 Drips and Sediment Traps.
- 1310.10 Outlets.
- 1310.11 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves.
- 1310.12 Prohibited Devices.
- 1310.13 Systems Containing Gas-Air Mixtures Out-side the Flammable Range.
- 1310.14 Systems Containing Flammable Gas-Air Mixtures.
- 1311.1 Pipe and Tubing Other than CSST.
- 1311.2 Bonding of CSST Gas Piping.
- 1311.3 Arc-Resistant Jacketed CSST.
- 1311.4 Prohibited Use.
- 1311.5 Lightning Protection System.
- 1311.6 Electrical Circuits.
- 1311.7 Electrical Connections.
- 1312.1 Connecting Appliances and Equipment.
- 1312.3 Use of Nonmetallic Gas Hose Connectors.
- 1312.4 Injection (Bunsen) Burners.
- 1312.5 Connection of Portable and Mobile Industrial Appliances.
- 1312.2 Suspended Low-Intensity Infrared Tube Heaters.
- 1312.6 Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections.
- 1312.7 Quick-Disconnect Devices.
- 1312.8 Gas Convenience Outlets.
- 1312.9 Sediment Trap.
- 1312.10 Installation of Piping.
- 1312.11 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas) Facilities and Piping.
- 1313.1 Piping Installations.
- 1313.2 Test Preparation.
- 1313.3 Test Pressure.
- 1313.4 Detection of Leaks and Defects.
- 1313.5 Piping System Leak Test.
- 1313.6 Purging Requirements.
- 1314.1 General.
- 1314.2 Volume.
- 1314.3 Gas Appliances.
- 1314.4 Size of Piping Outlets.
- 1315.1 Pipe Sizing Methods.
- 1315.2 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems.
- 1315.3 Sizing Equations.
- 1315.4 Sizing of Piping Sections.
- 1315.5 Engineering Methods.
- 1315.6 Variable Gas Pressures.
▸Chapter 15 — SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
▸Chapter 16 — STATIONARY POWER PLANTS
▸Chapter 17 — GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE LOOPS
Overview- 1701.1 Applicability.
- 1701.2 Construction Documents.
- 1701.3 Site Survey.
- 1701.4 Used Materials.
- 1701.5 Contact with Building Material.
- 1701.6 Strains and Stresses.
- 1701.7 Flood Hazard.
- 1701.8 Pipe Support.
- 1701.9 Velocities.
- 1701.10 Chemical Compatibility.
- 1701.11 Heat Transfer Fluid.
- 1702.1 General.
- 1703.3 Fittings.
- 1703.4 Underground Piping and Submerged Materi-als.
- 1703.1 Ground-Heat Exchanger Design.
- 1703.2 Piping and Tubing Materials Standards.
- 1703.5 Indoor Piping.
- 1704.1 Heat Pump Distribution System.
- 1704.2 Circulating Pumps.
- 1705.1 Where Required.
- 1705.2 Heat Exchangers.
- 1705.3 Central Systems.
- 1705.4 Pressure Vessels.
- 1705.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves.
- 1705.6 Equipment and Appliances.
- 1705.7 Expansion Tanks.
- 1705.8 Reduced Pressure.
- 1706.1 General.
- 1706.2 Heat Exchangers.
- 1706.3 Heat-Transfer Medium.
- 1706.4 Insulation.
- 1707.1 Prior to Construction.
- 1707.2 Equipment, Accessories, Components, and Materials.
- 1707.3 Construction Documents.
- 1707.4 Site Survey Requirements.
- 1707.5 Subsurface Investigation.
- 1707.6 Subsurface Conditions.
- 1707.7 Ground-Heat Exchanger Installation Prac-tices.
- 1707.13 Steel Nail Plates.
- 1707.14 Exterior Piping Protection.
- 1707.15 Heat Pump and Distribution System Instal-lation.
- 1707.16 Pressurizing During Installation.
- 1707.17 Horizontal Geothermal Piping - Materials and Methods.
- 1707.18 Trenches, Excavation, and Backfill.
- 1707.8 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill.
- 1707.9 Trenches, Tunneling, and Driving.
- 1707.10 Excavations and Open Trenches.
- 1707.11 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Struc-tures.
- 1707.12 Sleeves.
- 1708.1 General.
- 1708.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual.
- 1708.3 Labeling and Marking.
- 1708.4 Documentation.
- 1708.5 Maintenance.
- 1708.6 Records.
- 1708.7 System Start-Up.
- 1708.8 Contaminants.
- 1709.1 General.
- 1710.1 Applicability.
- 1710.2 Piping and Tubing.
- 1710.3 Borehole Piping and Tubing.
- 1710.4 Underground Fittings.
- 1710.5 Verification.
- 1710.6 Vertical Bores.
- 1711.1 Testing.
- 1711.2 Individual Loop Pressure Testing.
- 1711.3 Field Pressure Testing – Final.
- 1711.4 Field Flow Testing – Final.
- 1712.1 Applicability.
- 1712.2 Test Wells.
- 1712.3 Installation of Water Wells.
- 1712.4 Setbacks.
- 1713.1 General.
- 1713.2 Open-Loop Water Well Drilling Logs.
- 1713.3 Design Considerations.
- 1713.4 Water Wells and Injection Wells.
- 1713.5 Testing and Sampling.
- 1713.6 Disinfection.
- 1714.1 Pumping Test.
- 1714.2 Retesting.
- 1714.3 Variable Rate Pump Test.
- 1714.4 Constant Rate Pump Test.
- 1714.5 Water Level Monitoring.
- 1714.6 Injection Wells.
- 1714.7 Re-Injected Water.
- 1715.1 General.
- 1715.2 Applicability.
- 1715.3 DX Systems.
- 1715.4 DX System Testing.
- 1715.5 Indoor Piping.
- 1715.6 On Site Storage.
- 1715.7 System Start-Up.
- 1715.8 DX Piping.
- 1716.1 General.
- 1716.2 Permitting.
- 1716.3 Ambient Loop Temperature Range.
- 1716.4 Shutoff Valve.
- 1716.5 Bypass.
- 1716.6 Metering.
- 1717.1 Thermal Resources.
- 1717.2 District Load Profiles.
▸Chapter 18 — REFERENCED STANDARDS
- Appendix A — RESIDENTIAL PLAN EXAMINER REVIEW FORM FOR HVAC SYSTEM DESIGN
- Appendix B — PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED TO PLACE GAS EQUIPMENT IN OPERATION
- Appendix C — INSTALLATION AND TESTING OF OIL (LIQUID) FUEL-FIRED EQUIPMENT
- Appendix D — FUEL SUPPLY: MANUFACTURED/MOBILE HOME PARKS AND RECREATIONAL VEHICLE PARKS
- Appendix E — SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
- Appendix F — SIZING OF VENTING SYSTEMS AND OUTDOOR COMBUSTION AND VENTILATION OPENING DESIGN
- Appendix G — EXAMPLE CALCULATION OF OUTDOOR AIR RATE
- Appendix H — PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
- Appendix I — INDOOR HORTICULTURAL FACILITIES
- Appendix J — CLEAN AIR DELIVERY