Section 3109F

This section provides minimum engineer- ing standards for piping, pipelines, valves, supports and related appurtenances at MOTs. This section applies to pip- ing and pipelines used for transferring:

1. Oil (see Section 3101F.1) to or from tank vessels or barges

2. Oil within the MOT

3. Vapors, including Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

4. Inerting or enriching gases to vapor control systems Additionally, it also applies to piping or pipelines provid- ing services, which includes stripping, sampling, venting, vapor control and fire water.

See Section 3101F.3 for definitions of “new” (N) and “existing” (E).

All pressure piping and pipelines for oil service shall conform to the provisions of API Standard 2610 [9.1], ASME B31.3 [9.2] or B31.4

[9.3] as appropriate, including the following:

1. All piping/pipelines shall be documented on current P&IDs (N/E).

2. Piping and pipeline systems shall be installed above deck (N).

3. The systems shall be arranged in a way not to obstruct access to and removal of other piping com- ponents and equipment (N).

4. Flexibility shall be achieved through adequate expan- sion loops or joints (N/E).

5. A guide or lateral restraint shall be provided just past the elbow where a pipe changes direction in order to minimize excessive axial stress (N).

6. Piping shall be routed to allow for movement due to thermal expansion and seismic displacement, without exceeding the allowable stresses in the supports, and anchor connections (see Section 3109F.3) (N/E).

7. Plastic piping shall not be used unless designated for oil service (N/E).

8. If a flanged connection exists within 20 pipe diame- ters from the end of any replaced section, the pipe shall be replaced up to and including the flange.

9. Pipelines shall be seamless, electric-resistance- welded or electric-fusion-welded (N).

10. Piping greater than 2 inches in diameter shall be butt- welded. Piping 2 inches and smaller shall be socket welded or threaded.

11. Pipeline connections directly over the water shall be welded (N). Flanged connections not over water shall have secondary containment (N).

12. Pipelines that do not have a valid and certified Static Liquid Pressure Test (SLPT) [9.4] shall be marked “OUT OF SERVICE.” Out-of-service piping and pipelines shall be purged, gas-freed and physically isolated from sources of oil.

13. If a pipeline is “out-of-service” for 3 or more years, it will require a valid and certified Static Liquid Pres- sure Test (SLPT) and API 570 inspection [9.4] prior to Division approval for re-use (E).

14. New piping and pipeline systems require a valid and certified Static Liquid Pressure Test (SLPT) [9.4] and Division approval, prior to operation.

Pipeline stress anal- ysis shall be performed for:

1. New piping and pipelines

2. Significant rerouting/relocation of existing piping

3. Any replacement of “not in-kind” piping

4. Any significant rearrangement or replacement of “not in-kind” anchors and/or supports

5. Significant seismic displacements calculated from the structural and/or geotechnical assessments Pipeline stress analysis shall be performed in accordance with ASME B31.4 [9.3], considering all relevant loads and corresponding displacements determined from the structural analysis and/or geotechnical analysis described in Sections 3104F and 3106F, respectively. Seismic loading of above- grade pipelines may be analyzed in accordance with ASME B31.E [9.5] with seismic loads computed from Section 3104F.5.4.1.

For pipelines spanning between seismically isolated struc- tures (Section 3104F.1.3) and/or varying geotechnical condi- tions, evaluation of the relative movement of pipelines and supports and varying seismic accelerations shall be consid- ered, including phase differences.

Flexibility analysis for piping, considering supports, shall be performed in accordance with ASME B31.4 [9.3] by using the largest temperature differential imposed by normal oper- ation, start-up, shutdown or abnormal conditions. Thermal loads shall be based upon maximum and minimum local tem- peratures; heat traced piping shall use the maximum attain- able temperature of the heat tracing system.

Section 3106F.12 provides additional considerations for underwater seafloor pipelines.

To determine forces at sliding surfaces, the coefficients of static friction shown in Table 31F-9-1 shall be used.

31F-74 2022 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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TABLE 31F-9-1 COEFFICIENTS OF STATIC FRICTION

anchorage). Supports and attachments shall conform to ASME B31.3 [9.2], ASME B31.4 [9.3], API Standard 2610

[9.1] and the ASCE Guidelines [9.6] (N).

A seismic assessment shall be performed for existing sup- ports and attachments using recommendations in Section 7 of CalARP [9.7], as appropriate (E).

For strength evaluation of supports and attachments, see Section 3107F.7. If a pipeline analysis has been performed and support reactions are available, they may be used to determine the forces on the support structure.

3109F.5.1 Valves and fittings. Valves and fittings shall meet the following requirements:

1. Conform to ASME B31.3 [9.2], ASME B31.4

[9.3], API Standard 609 [9.8] and ASME B16.34

[9.9], as appropriate, based on their service (N).

2. Conform to Section 10 of API Standard 2610 [9.1] (N/E).

3. Stems shall be oriented in a way not to pose a haz- ard in operation or maintenance (N/E).

4. Nonductile iron, cast iron and low-melting tem- perature metals shall not be used in any hydrocar- bon service (N/E).

5. Double-block and bleed valves shall be used for manifold valves (N/E).

6. Isolation valves shall be fire-safe in accordance with API Standard 607 [9.10] (N).

7. Swing check valves shall not be installed in verti- cal down-flow piping (N/E). 8. Pressure relief devices shall be used in any closed piping system that has the possibility of being over pressurized due to temperature increase (thermal relief valves) (N/E).

9. Pressure relief devices shall be used in any piping system that has the possibility of being over pres- surized due to surging, considering all plausible normal and abnormal operational scenarios in accordance with ASME B31.4 [9.3] (N/E).

10. Pressure relief devices shall be sized in accor- dance with API RP 520 [9.11] (N). Set pressures and accumulating pressures shall be in accor- dance with API RP 520 [9.11] (N/E).

MARINE OIL TERMINALS

11. Discharge from pressure relief valves shall be directed into lower pressure piping for recycling or proper disposal. Discharge shall never be directed into the open environment, unless second- ary containment is provided (N/E).

12. Threaded, socket-welded, flanged and welded fit- tings shall conform to Section 8 of API Standard 2610 [9.1] (N/E).

13. ESD valves and SIVs shall also conform to the requirements of Sections 3108F.3.2.1 and 3108F.3.2.2. 3109F.5.2 Valve actuators (N/E).

1. Actuators shall have a readily accessible, manually operated overriding device to operate the valve during a power loss.

2. Torque switches shall be set to stop the motor clos- ing operation at a specified torque setting.

3. Limit switches shall be set to stop the motor opening operation at a specified limit switch setting.

4. Critical valves shall be provided with thermal insu- lation. The insulation shall be inspected and main- tained at periodic intervals. Records of thermal insulation inspections and condition shall be main- tained for at least 6 years.

5. Electrical insulation for critical valves shall be mea- sured for resistance following installation and retested periodically. These records shall be main- tained for at least 6 years.

6. ESD valve and SIV actuators shall also conform to the requirements of Section 3108F.3.2.

Utility and auxiliary piping includes service for:

1. Stripping and sampling

2. Vapor control

3. Natural gas

4. Compressed air, venting and nitrogen Stripping and sampling piping shall conform to Section

Vapor return lines and VOC vapor inerting and enriching (natural gas) piping shall conform to 33 CFR 154.2100(b)

[9.12] (N/E).

Compressed air, venting and nitrogen piping and fittings shall conform to ASME B31.3 [9.2] (N).

Firewater and foam piping and fittings shall meet the following require- ments:

1. Conform to NFPA 11 [9.13], NFPA 24 [9.14] and ASME B16.5 [9.15] (N/E).

2. Fire mains shall be carbon steel pipe (N/E).

3. High density polyethylene (HDPE) piping may be used for buried pipelines (N/E).

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

MARINE OIL TERMINALS

4. Piping and appurtenances shall be color-coded per local jurisdiction requirements or per ASME A13.1

[9.16] (N/E).

5. Pipeline stress analysis shall be performed for firewa- ter piping and pipelines per Section 3109F.3 (N/E).

6. Firewater piping and pipelines supports and attach- ments shall be assessed per Section 3109F.4.

7. External visual inspection shall be performed per Sec- tion 3102F.3.5.3 (N/E).

[9.1] American Petroleum Institute (API), 2005, API

Standard 2610 (R2010), “Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Termi- nal and Tank Facilities,” 2 ^nd ed., Washington, D.C.

[9.2] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2015, ASME B31.3-2014 (ASME B31.3), “Process Piping,” New York.

[9.3] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2012, ASME B31.4-2012 (ASME B31.4), “Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids,” New York.

[9.4] California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 2, Divi-

sion 3, Chapter 1, Article 5.5 – Marine Terminal Oil Pipelines (2 CCR 2560 et seq.)

[9.5] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2008, ASME B31E, “Standard for the Seismic Design and Retrofit of Above-Ground Piping Sys- tems,” New York.

[9.6] American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011, “Guide-

lines for Seismic Evaluation and Design of Petro- chemical Facilities,” 2nd ed., New York.

[9.7] CalARP Program Seismic Guidance Committee,

December 2013, “Guidance for California Acciden- tal Release Prevention (CalARP) Program Seismic Assessments,” Sacramento, CA.

[9.8] American Petroleum Institute (API), 2009, API

Standard 609, “Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug- and Wafer-Type,” 7th ed., Washington, D.C.

[9.13] National Fire Protection Association (NFPA),

NFPA 11, “Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High- Expansion Foam,” Quincy, MA. For edition, see California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 35 – Referenced Standards.

[9.14] National Fire Protection Association (NFPA),

NFPA 24, “Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances,” Quincy, MA. For edition, see California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 35 – Referenced Standards.

[9.15] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2013, ASME B16.5-2013 (ASME B16.5), “Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings,” New York.

[9.16] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2007, ASME A13.1-2007 (R2013) (ASME A13.1), “Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems,” New York. Authority: Sections 8750 through 8760, Public Resources Code.

Reference: Sections 8750, 8751, 8755 and 8757, Public Resources Code.

[9.9] American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME),

2013, ASME B16.34-2013 (ASME B16.34), “Valves Flanged Threaded and Welding End,” New York.

[9.10] American Petroleum Institute (API), 2010, API

Standard 607, “Fire Test for Quarter-Turn Valves and Valves Equipped with Nonmetallic Seats,” 6th ed., Washington, D.C.

[9.11] American Petroleum Institute (API), API Recom-

mended Practice 520 P1 and P2 (API 520), “Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-relieving Devices, Part 1 —Sizing and Selection,” 2014, 9th ed., and “Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pres- sure-Relieving Devices in Refineries – Part 2 – Installation,” 2015, 6th ed., Washington, D.C.

[9.12] Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 33, Sec-

tion 154.2100 – Vapor Control System, General (33 CFR 154.2100)

31F-76 2022 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

Division 10