Chapter 4 — SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

(Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user.

See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

(continued)

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CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE CHAPTER 4 – SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE—

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CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE CHAPTER 4 – SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE—

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The state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

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CHAPTER 4

SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

User note:

About this chapter: Chapter 4 provides detailed criteria for special uses and occupancies. The unique characteristics of a live/work unit as opposed to a 30-story high-rise building call for specific standards for each. Twenty-seven sections address covered and open mall buildings, atriums, hospitals, stages, buildings where hazardous materials are used and stored, jails and prisons, ambulatory care facilities and storm shelters, among other special occupancy issues.

The construction of high-rise buildings shall comply with the provisions of Sections 403.2.1 through 403.2.3.

403.2.1 Reduction in fire-resistance rating. The fireresistance rating reductions specified in Sections 403.2.1.1 and 403.2.1.2 shall be allowed in buildings that have sprinkler control valves equipped with supervisory initiating devices and water-flow initiating devices for each floor.

Exception: Buildings, or portions of buildings, classi- fied as a Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 occupancy.

403.2.1.1 Type of construction. The following reductions in the minimum fire-resistance rating of the building elements in TABLE 601 shall be permitted as follows:

1. For buildings not greater than 420 feet (128 m) in building height, the fire-resistance rating of the building elements in Type IA construction shall be permitted to be reduced to the minimum fireresistance ratings for the building elements in Type IB.

Exception: The required fire-resistance rating of the primary structural frame columns supporting floors shall not be reduced.

2. In other than Group F-1, H-2, H-3, H-5, M and S1 occupancies, the fire-resistance rating of the building elements in Type IB construction shall be permitted to be reduced to the fire-resistance ratings in Type IIA.

Exception: The required fire-resistance rating of the primary structural frame shall not be permitted to be reduced.

3. The building height and building area limitations of a building containing building elements with reduced fire-resistance ratings shall be permitted to be the same as the building without such reductions.

403.2.1.2 Shaft enclosures. For buildings not greater than 420 feet (128 m) in building height, the required fire-resistance rating of the fire barriers enclosing vertical shafts, other than interior exit stairway and elevator hoistway enclosures, is permitted to be reduced to 1 hour where automatic sprinklers are installed within the shafts at the top and at alternate floor levels.

[BS] 403.2.2 Structural integrity of interior exit stair- ways and elevator hoistway enclosures. For high-rise buildings of Risk Category III or IV in accordance with Section 1604.5, and for all buildings that are more than 420 feet (128 m) in building height, enclosures for interior exit stairways and elevator hoistway enclosures shall comply with Sections 403.2.2.1 through 403.2.2.4.

[BS] 403.2.2.1 Wall assembly materials—soft body impact. The panels making up the enclosures for interior exit stairways and elevator hoistway enclosures

Elevator installation and operation in highrise buildings shall comply with Chapter 30 and Sections 403.6.1 and 403.6.2.

Enclosed elevator lobbies shall be provided in accordance with Section 3006. Exceptions 2. 3, 4 and 5 of 3006.3 shall only be permitted where approved by the Fire Chief in accor- dance with Section 1.11.2.1.1 or in accordance with Section 1.11.2.1.2 for all state-owned buildings, state-occupied build- ings and state institutions throughout the state.

403.6.1 Fire service access elevator. In buildings with an occupied floor more than 120 feet (36 576 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, not fewer than two fire service access elevators, or all elevators, whichever is less, shall be provided in accordance with Section 3007. Each fire service access elevator shall have

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

2.2. All stories above the lowest two stories shall be separated from the atrium in accordance with the provisions for a shaft in Section 713.4.

Atrium spaces shall be separated from adjacent spaces by a 1-hour fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section 707 or a horizontal assembly constructed in accordance with Section 711, or both.

Exceptions:

1. A fire barrier is not required where a glass wall forming a smoke partition is provided. The glass wall shall comply with all of the following:

1.1. Automatic sprinklers are provided along both sides of the separation wall and doors, or on the room side only if there is not a walkway on the atrium side. The sprinklers shall be located between 4 inches and 12 inches (102 mm and 305 mm) away from the glass and at intervals along the glass not greater than 6 feet (1829 mm). The sprinkler system shall be designed so that the entire surface of the glass is wet upon activation of the sprinkler system without obstruction;

1.2. The glass wall shall be installed in a gasketed frame in a manner that the framing system deflects without breaking (loading) the glass before the sprinkler system operates; and

1.3. Where glass doors are provided in the glass wall, they shall be either self-closing or automatic-closing.

2. A fire barrier is not required where a glass-block wall assembly complying with Section 2110 and having a ³ /4-hour fire protection rating is provided.

3. In other than Group I and R-2.1 occupancies, a fire barrier is not required between the atrium and the adjoining spaces of up to three floors of the atrium provided that such spaces are accounted for in the design of the smoke control system.

4. In other than Group I and R-2.1 occupancies, a fire barrier is not required between the atrium and the adjoining spaces where the atrium is not required to be provided with a smoke control system.

5. A horizontal assembly is not required between the atrium and openings for escalators complying with Section 712.1.3.

6. A horizontal assembly is not required between the atrium and openings for exit access stairways and ramps complying with Item 4 of Section 1019.3.

[F] 404.7 Standby power. Equipment required to provide smoke control shall be provided with standby power in accordance with Section 909.11.

The interior finish of walls and ceilings of the atrium shall be not less than Class B. Sprinkler protection shall not result in a reduction in class.

Exit access travel distance for areas open to an atrium shall comply with the requirements of Section 1017.

Where an atrium contains an interior exit stairway all the following shall be met:

1. The entry to the exit stairway is the edge of the closest riser of the exit stairway.

2. The entry of the exit stairway shall have access from a minimum of two directions.

3. The distance between the entry to an exit stairway in an atrium and the entrance to a minimum of one exit stairway enclosed in accordance with Section 1023.2 shall comply with the separation required by Section 1007.1.1.

4. Exit access travel distance shall be measured to the closest riser of the exit stairway.

5. Not more than 50 percent of the exit stairways shall be located in the same atrium.

Discharge of interior exit stairways through an atrium shall be in accordance with Section 1028.

Required means of egress from sleeping rooms in Group I and R-2.1 occupancies shall not pass through the atrium.

Grounds are permitted to be fenced and gates therein are permitted to be equipped with locks, provided that safe dispersal areas having 30 net square feet (2.8 m ² ) for bed and stretcher care recipients and 6 net square feet (0.56 m ² ) for ambulatory care recipients and other occupants are located between the building and the fence. Such provided safe dispersal areas shall be located not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the building they serve. Each safe dispersal area shall have a minimum of two exits. The aggre- gate clear width of exits from a safe dispersal area shall be determined on the basis of not less than one exit unit of 22 inches (559 mm) for each 500 persons to be accommodated, and no exit shall be less than 44 inches (1118 mm) in width. Gates shall not be installed across corridors or passageways leading to such dispersal areas unless they comply with egress requirements. Keys to gate locks shall be provided in accordance with the California Fire Code.

[F] 407.11 Electrical systems. In Group I-2 or I-2.1 occupancies, electrical construction and installation shall be in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 27 and Article 517 of the California Electrical Code.

A technology equip- ment center serving a Group I-2 occupancy shall be sepa- rated from other portions of the building by not less than a 1-hour fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

408.1.2.3 Courthouse holding facilities. Group I-3 courthouse holding facilities shall be considered a sepa- rate and distinct building from the remaining courthouse building for the purpose of determining the type of con- struction where all of the following conditions are met:

1. 2-hour fire barriers in accordance with Section 707 and 2-hour horizontal assemblies in accor- dance with Section 711 are provided to separate the courthouse holding facility from all other portions of the courthouse building.

2. Any of the structure used to support courthouse holding facilities meets the requirements for the Group I-3 portion of the building.

3. Each courthouse holding facility located above the first story is less than 1,000 square feet in area, and is designed to hold 10 or less in-cus- tody defendants.

4. Courthouse holding facilities located above the first story containing an internal stairway dis- charging to the main courthouse holding facility at the first story or basement.

5. Additional exits from the courthouse holding facility located above the first story shall be per- mitted to exit through the courtrooms.

6. The main courthouse holding facility located on the first story or basement has at least one exit directly to the exterior and additional means of egress shall be permitted to pass through a 1-hour corridor or lobby in the courthouse building.

408.1.2.4 Horizontal building separation for com- bined Group I-3/Group B occupancy. A Group B Administration building one story in height shall be permitted to be located above a Group I-3 (or Group I- 3/I-2) housing/treatment building that is one story above grade and shall be classified as a separate and distinct building for the purpose of determining the type of construction, and shall be considered a separate fire area, where all of the following conditions are met:

1. A 3-hour floor-ceiling assembly below the admin- istration building is constructed as a horizontal assembly in accordance with Section 711.

2. Interior shafts for stairs, elevators and mechanical systems complete the 3-hour separation between the Group B and Group I-3 (or Group I-3/I-2).

3. The Group I-3 occupancy (or Group I-3/I-2 occu- pancies, correctional medical and mental health uses) below is minimum Type I-B construction with 2-hour fire resistive rated exterior walls.

4. No unprotected openings are allowed in lower roofs within 10 feet of unprotected windows in the upper floor.

5. The Group B building above is of noncombustible construction and equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accor- dance with Section 903.3.1.1.

6. The Group B occupancy building above has all required means of egress capable of discharging directly to the exterior to a safe dispersal area. 408.1.2.5 Temporary holding area. In buildings pro- tected with automatic sprinklers, corridor serving tem- porary holding rooms shall be one hour fire resistance rated when the temporary holding occupant load is greater than 20. 408.1.2.6 Temporary holding facilities. Temporary holding facilities with nine or fewer persons under restraint may be classified as Group B when located in a buildings complying with all of the following conditions:

1. The building shall be protected throughout with a monitored automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. 2. The building shall protected with a automatic fire alarm system with notification appliances throughout the holding facility in accordance with Section 907.2. 3. The building shall be constructed of Type I, IIA, IIIA or VA construction. 408.1.2.7 Secure interview rooms. Secure Interview Rooms used for law enforcement shall be permitted to locked, and shall not be classified as Group I-3 occu- pancies where all of the following conditions are met:

1. A monitored automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof including secure interview rooms. The automatic sprinkler system shall comply with Section 903.3.1.1. 2. Secure interview rooms shall be located in non- combustible construction. 3. Secure interview rooms have glazed or barred openings with direct, continuous observation from law enforcement personnel who have a means to open the secure interview room. 4. Not more than 6 occupants in secure interview rooms shall be located in the same fire area. 5. An automatic smoke detection system shall be installed within secure interview rooms and mechanical and electrical rooms.

408.1.3 Security door assemblies in corridors, smoke barriers and smoke partitions. Security door assemblies shall be constructed in accordance with NFPA 252 or UL 10C, and where a smoke rating is required UL 1784, are not required to be tested or labeled.

Buildings or portions of buildings in Group I-3 occupancies where security operations necessitate the locking of required means of egress shall be permitted to be classified as a different occupancy. Occupancies classified as other than Group I-3 shall meet the applicable requirements of this code for that occupancy where provisions are made for the release of occupants at all times.

Means of egress from detention and correctional occupancies that traverse other use areas shall, as a minimum, con

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

form to requirements for detention and correctional occupancies.

Exception s :

1. It is permissible to exit through a horizontal exit into other contiguous occupancies that do not conform to detention and correctional occupancy egress provisions but that do comply with requirements set forth in the appropriate occupancy, as long as the occupancy is not a Group H use. 2. Regardless of the provisions of Section 508, laundry areas and kitchens including associated dining areas, where commercial/institutional equipment is used shall be separated from the remainder of the building by construction capable of resisting the passage of smoke. 3. For the purpose of occupancy separation only court- room docks that are directly accessory to courtrooms need not be separated from a courtroom.

which do not provide a safe dispersal area, shall have not less than two exits. 408.3.6.2 Fenced enclosure utilized for recreational or activity purposes only, for more than 49 people, and which do not provide a safe dispersal area, shall be provided with not less than two exits. 408.3.6.3 Fenced enclosures located on roofs of build- ings one or more stories in height shall be provided with not less than two exits regardless of occupant load.

408.3.6.4 Fenced enclosures utilized for central control buildings not normally occupied and not accessed by inmates or the general public are permitted to have only one exit from the fenced enclosure. These fenced enclosures shall only be occupied during emergency response conditions by not more than 29 prison staff occupants. Access to the fenced area shall be controlled remotely or at the gate with a key.

408.2.1 Correctional medical and mental health uses. Where a Group I-3 occupancy occurs in building or portions of buildings, the following Subsections of Sections of 407 shall apply: 407.2.1; 407.2.2; 407.2.3; 407.3.1; 407.3.1.1; 407.4; 407.10.

Except as modified or as provided for in this section, the means of egress provisions of Chapter 10 shall apply.

408.3.1 Door width. Doors to resident sleeping units shall have a clear width of not less than 28 inches (711 mm).

408.3.1.1 Cell doors shall open outwardly or slide lat- erally.

408.3.2 Sliding doors. Where doors in a means of egress are of the horizontal-sliding type, the force to slide the door to its fully open position shall be not greater than 50 pounds (220 N) with a perpendicular force against the door of 50 pounds (220 N).

408.3.3 Guard tower doors. A hatch or trap door not less than 16 square feet (610 m ² ) in area through the floor and having dimensions of not less than 2 feet (610 mm) in any direction shall be permitted to be used as a portion of the means of egress from guard towers.

408.3.4 Spiral stairways. Spiral stairways that conform to the requirements of Section 1011.10 are permitted for access to and between staff locations.

408.3.5 Ship’s ladders. Ship’s ladders shall be permitted for egress from control rooms or elevated facility observation rooms in accordance with Section 1011.15.

408.3.6 Exit discharge. Exits are permitted to discharge into a fenced or walled courtyard. Enclosed yards or courts shall be of a size to accommodate all occupants, be located not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the building and have an area of not less than 7 square feet ( 0.65 m ² ) per person. A gate shall be provided from the safe dispersal area to allow for the necessary relocation of occupants.

408.3.6.1 Exterior fenced enclosures and fenced enclo- sures utilized for recreational or activity purposes, used for exit termination for more than 20 persons, and

408.3.7 Sallyports. A sallyport shall be permitted in a means of egress where there are provisions for continuous and unobstructed passage through the sallyport during an emergency egress condition.

408.3.8 Interior exit stairway and ramp construction. One interior exit stairway or ramp in each building shall be permitted to have glazing installed in doors and interior walls at each landing level providing access to the interior exit stairway or ramp, provided that the following conditions are met:

1. The interior exit stairway or ramp shall not serve more than four floor levels.

2. Exit doors shall be not less than ³ /4-hour fire door assemblies complying with Section 716.

3. The total area of glazing at each floor level shall not exceed 5,000 square inches (3.2 m ² ) and individual panels of glazing shall not exceed 1,296 square inches (0.84 m ² ).

4. The glazing shall be protected on both sides by an automatic sprinkler system. The sprinkler system shall be designed to wet completely the entire surface of any glazing affected by fire when actuated.

5. The glazing shall be in a gasketed frame and installed in such a manner that the framing system will deflect without breaking (loading) the glass before the sprinkler system operates.

6. Obstructions, such as curtain rods, drapery traverse rods, curtains, drapes or similar materials shall not be installed between the automatic sprinklers and the glazing.

408.3.8.1 Where the number and arrangement of exits complies with the requirements of Chapter 10, other stairways which occur within the secure area of the detention facility and are not used for required exiting but are used primarily for the movement of inmates and security staff need not extend to the exterior. 408.3.9 Dead-end balconies. Exit balconies serving cell tiers shall not extend more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) beyond an exit stairway.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

408.3.10 Travel distance. The travel distance may be increased to 300 feet for portions of Group I-3 occupan- cies open only to staff or where inmates are escorted at all times by staff. 408.3.11 Number of exits required. In temporary holding areas of noncombustible construction, a second means of egress is required when the occupant load is greater than 20.

408.3.12 Custody station. Spaces for custody stations, communications and related clerical areas shall be permitted to be open to, or located within the corridor, provided the required construction along the perimeter of the corridor is maintained. Construction of custody stations or portions of custody stations, within the enve- lope of the corridor, is not required to be fire-resistance rated. These provisions shall also apply to an enclosed custody station within the corridor.

TABLE 408.3.13 MAXIMUM FLOOR AREA ALLOWANCES FOR I-3 FACILITIES ^c

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Temporary holding cells, rooms or areas shall be calculated based on

policies and procedures approved by the authority having jurisdiction. See 408.3.11 for number of exits required. b. Program rooms, day rooms and recreational yards which are dedicated to

a housing pod or unit are not factored into the total occupant load of the building. Exiting from individual rooms shall meet the egress requirements of Chapter 10. c. Refer to Chapter 10, Section 1004 or elsewhere in the code for specific

requirements based on type of detention facility.

Egress doors are permitted to be locked in accordance with the applicable use condition. Doors from a refuge area to the outside are permitted to be locked with a key in lieu of locking methods described in Section 408.4.1. The keys to unlock the exterior doors shall be available at all times and the locks shall be operable from both sides of the door. Security hardware may be used on any fire-rated door.

408.4.1 Remote release. Remote release of locks on doors in a means of egress shall be provided with reliable means of operation, remote from the resident living areas, to release locks on all required doors. In Occupancy Condition 3 or 4, the arrangement, accessibility and security of the release mechanisms required for egress shall be such that with the minimum available staff at any time, the lock mechanisms are capable of being released within 2 minutes.

Exception: Provisions for remote locking and unlocking of occupied rooms in Occupancy Condition 4 are

not required provided that not more than 10 locks are necessary to be unlocked in order to move occupants from one smoke compartment to a refuge area within 3 minutes. The opening of necessary locks shall be accomplished with not more than two separate keys.

[F] 408.4.2 Power-operated doors and locks. Power-operated sliding doors or power-operated locks for swinging doors shall be operable by a manual release mechanism at the door. Emergency power shall be provided for the doors and locks in accordance with Section 2702.

Exceptions:

1. Emergency power is not required in facilities with 10 or fewer locks complying with the exception to Section 408.4.1.

2. Emergency power is not required where remote mechanical operating releases are provided.

408.4.3 Redundant operation. Remote release, mechanically operated sliding doors or remote release, mechanically operated locks shall be provided with a mechanically operated release mechanism at each door, and shall be provided with a redundant remote release control.

408.4.4 Relock capability. Doors remotely unlocked under emergency conditions shall not automatically relock when closed unless specific action is taken at the remote location to enable doors to relock.

Any vertical opening shall be protected by a shaft enclosure in accordance with Section 713, or shall be in accordance with Section 408.5.1.

408.5.1 Floor openings. The open space in front of a cell tier and connected chases, not exceeding two tiers in height, shall not be considered a vertical shaft and need not meet the fire-resistive shaft enclosure requirements of Section 713.

408.5.2 Shaft openings in communicating floor levels. Where a floor opening is permitted between communicating floor levels of a housing unit in accordance with Section 408.5.1, plumbing chases serving vertically stacked individual cells contained with the housing unit shall be permitted without a shaft enclosure.

Occupancies in Group I-3 shall have smoke barriers complying with Sections 408.6 and 709 to divide every story occupied by residents for sleeping, or any other story having an occupant load of 50 or more persons, into not fewer than two smoke compartments.

Exception: Spaces having a direct exit to one of the following, provided that the locking arrangement of the doors involved complies with the requirements for doors at the smoke barrier for the use condition involved:

1. A public way.

2. A building separated from the resident housing area by a 2-hour fire-resistance-rated assembly or 50 feet (15 240 mm) of open space.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

3. A secured yard or court having a holding space 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the housing area that provides 6 square feet (0.56 m ² ) or more of refuge area per occupant, including residents, staff and visitors.

4. Holding facility.

408.6.1 Smoke compartments. The number of residents in any smoke compartment shall be not more than 200. The distance of travel to a door in a smoke barrier from any room door required as exit access shall be not greater than 150 feet (45 720 mm). The distance of travel to a door in a smoke barrier from any point in a room shall be not greater than 200 feet (60 960 mm).

Exception: The travel distance may be increased by 50 feet from areas open only to the staff.

408.6.2 Refuge area. Not less than 6 net square feet (0.56 m ² ) per occupant shall be provided on each side of each smoke barrier for the total number of occupants in adjoining smoke compartments. This space shall be readily available wherever the occupants are moved across the smoke barrier in a fire emergency.

408.6.3 Independent egress. A means of egress shall be provided from each smoke compartment created by smoke barriers without having to return through the smoke compartment from which means of egress originates.

In occupancies in Group I-3, windows and doors in 1-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707, fire partitions constructed in accordance with Section 708 and smoke barriers constructed in accordance with Section 709 shall be permitted to have security glazing installed provided that the following conditions are met.

1. Individual panels of glazing shall not exceed 1,296 square inches (0.84 m ² ).

2. The glazing shall be protected on both sides by an automatic sprinkler system. The sprinkler system shall be designed to, when actuated, wet completely the entire surface of any glazing affected by fire.

3. The glazing shall be in a gasketed frame and installed in such a manner that the framing system will deflect without breaking (loading) the glass before the sprinkler system operates.

4. Obstructions, such as curtain rods, drapery traverse rods, curtains, drapes or similar materials shall not be installed between the automatic sprinklers and the glazing.

Sleeping areas and any contiguous day room, group activity space or other common spaces where residents are housed shall be separated from other spaces in accordance with Sections 408.8.1 through 408.8.4.

408.8.1 Occupancy Conditions 3 and 4. Each sleeping area in Occupancy Conditions 3 and 4 shall be separated from the adjacent common spaces by a smoke-tight partition where the distance of travel from the sleeping area through the common space to the corridor exceeds 50 feet (15 240 mm).

408.8.2 Occupancy Condition 5. Each sleeping area in Occupancy Condition 5 shall be separated from adjacent sleeping areas, corridors and common spaces by a smoketight partition. Additionally, common spaces shall be separated from the corridor by a smoke-tight partition.

408.8.3 Openings in room face. The aggregate area of openings in a solid sleeping room face in Occupancy Conditions 2, 3, 4 and 5 shall not exceed 120 square inches (0.77 m ² ). The aggregate area shall include all openings including door undercuts, food passes and grilles. Openings shall be not more than 36 inches (914 mm) above the floor. In Occupancy Condition 5, the openings shall be closeable from the room side.

408.8.4 Smoke-tight doors. Doors in openings in partitions required to be smoke tight by Section 408.8 shall be substantial doors, of construction that will resist the passage of smoke. Latches and door closers are not required on cell doors.

For the purposes of this section, a windowless building or portion of a building is one with nonopenable windows, windows not readily breakable or without windows. Windowless buildings shall be provided with an engineered smoke control system to provide a tenable environment for exiting from the smoke compartment in the area of fire origin in accordance with Section 909 for each windowless smoke compartment.

408.9.1 Smoke venting. The housing portions of window- less buildings containing use conditions 3, 4 or 5 shall be provided with an engineered smoke control system in accordance with Section 909, windows or doors, smoke vents or equivalent means to provide a tenable environ- ment for exiting from the smoke compartment in the area of fire origin. A tenable environment for egress shall be as defined in NFPA 92. If windows, smoke vents or doors are used to meet this section, at least two windows, smoke vents or doors to the exterior must be provided at or above the highest occupied level in each smoke compartment, and the windows or doors must be operable or readily breakable and arranged to manually vent smoke.

Exceptions:

1. Windowless buildings or portions of a building that meet all of the following requirements:

1.1. Are Type IA or IB construction.

1.2. Are protected with sprinklers through- out in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

1.3. Include a fire alarm system with smoke detection in accordance with NFPA 72 in the dayroom and/or corridor serving as exit access from the cells, reporting to a 24 hour central control at the insti- tution.

1.4. Include at least one exit from each hous- ing unit direct to the exterior where smoke will not accumulate or to the exterior through a 1-hour-rated corri- dor serving only that unit.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

1.5. The building is divided into at least two smoke compartments per Section 408.6.1.

1.6. As approved by the enforcing agency, an egress analysis shows that inmates can be evacuated within 6 minutes from the smoke compartment of origin 24 hours per day or when inmates are present.

2. No venting or smoke control is required when an engineering analysis shows an acceptable safe egress time compared to the onset of untenable conditions within a windowless building or por- tion of a windowless building and approved by the enforcing agency. (See Section 909.4.)

3. Courtroom holding areas and temporary central holding areas in courthouses that they meet all of the following requirements:

3.1. Holding occurs for a duration less than 12 hours.

3.2. The holding areas include no electrical outlets available to the detainees.

3.3. The entire building includes sprinklers throughout in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

3.4. The building includes a fire alarm sys- tem with smoke detection in accordance with NFPA 72 in the common rooms of holding areas and in the cells of central holding. The fire alarm system shall activate an alert signal on the floor of alarm containing the holding areas, to alert staff.

3.5. As approved by the enforcing agency, an egress analysis shows that detainees can be evacuated within 5 minutes from the holding area of origin, or the facility is provided with gang or electric locks.

4. Courtroom holding areas with less than 20 per- sons in custody.

5. Windowless buildings or portions of a building that meet all of the following requirements:

5.1. Are Type IA or IB construction.

5.2. Are protected with sprinklers through- out in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

5.3. Include a fire alarm system with smoke detection in accordance with NFPA 72 in the dayrooms and corridors serving as exit access from the cells, reporting to a 24-hour central control at the insti- tution.

5.4. Include at least one direct exit from each housing unit through a smoke partition to another smoke compartment. Each housing unit must be its own smoke com-

partment and can exit through a maxi- mum of one adjacent compartment before reaching a corridor or the exte- rior.

5.5. As approved by the enforcing agency, an egress analysis shows that inmates can be evacuated within 6 minutes from the smoke compartment of origin 24 hours per day or when inmates are present, or the facility is provided with gang or electric locks.

5.6. Each housing unit includes a pressuriza- tion method smoke control system that complies with Section 909.

[F] 408.10 Fire alarm system. A fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.6.3.

[F] 408.11 Automatic sprinkler system. Group I-3 occupancies shall be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6.

Special elec- trical systems, exit illumination, power installations and alternate on-site electrical supplies shall be provided for every building or portion of a building housing 10 or more inmates in a detention or correctional facility in accordance with the provisions of the California Electrical Code. There shall be a source of emergency power in all detention facili- ties capable of providing minimal lighting in all housing units, activity areas, corridors, stairs and central control points, and to maintain fire and life safety, security, commu- nications and alarm systems.

In security areas within cell complexes sprinklered throughout, the area of glazing in one-hour corri- dor walls and smoke barrier walls shall not be restricted, provided:

1. All openings are protected by fixed glazing listed and labeled for a fire-protection of at least ³ /4 hour; or 2. Fixed security glazing set in noncombustible frames. Shall comply with the minimum requirements of one of the following test standards: ASTM F1233-98, Class III glass, or; California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, CDCR Appendix H, or H.P. White Lab- oratory, Inc., HPW-TP- 0500.02, Forced Entry Level III. 3. In lieu of the sizes set forth in CBC, the size and area of glazed assemblies shall conform to the following: Windows required to have a three-fourths-hour fire- resistive rating or windows protected by fixed security glazing, as delineated in Items 1 and 2 above, may have an area not greater than 84 square feet (7.8 m ² ) with neither width nor height exceeding 12 feet (3658 mm).

Padding material used on walls, floors and ceilings in Group I and R-2.1 occupancies shall be of an approved type tested in accordance with the procedures established by State Fire Marshal Standard 12-8-100, Room Fire Test for Wall and Ceiling Materials, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 12.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

408.15.1 General. The provisions of Sections 408.15.1 through 408.15.5 shall apply to small management yards. Small management yards may be used by a maximum of two occupants at any one time for a maximum of 2 hours per day. 408.15.2 Construction. Small management yards shall be constructed in accordance with all of the following:

1. Constructed of Type IB noncombustible materials. 2. Fence material shall be noncombustible. 3. Have a maximum area of 150 square feet (14 m ² ). 4. Yard area covering shall not exceed 75 square feet (7 m ² ) or a maximum of 50 percent of the fenced enclosure. 5. Electrical lighting or devices of any type shall not be permitted within the yard.

Exception: Low voltage devices dedicated for the operation of toilets. 408.15.3 Fire protection system provisions. 408.15.3.1 Automatic sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

Exception: Small management yards where a dis- tance of 10 feet (3048 mm) is maintained from all buildings or structures and 4 feet (1220 mm) is maintained from containment fencing. 408.15.3.2 Fire alarm systems. An approved fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.

Exception: Small management yards where a dis- tance of 10 feet (3048 mm) is maintained from all buildings or structures and 4 feet (1220 mm) is maintained from containment fencing. 408.15.4 Means of egress. Except as modified or as pro- vided for in this section, the provisions of Section 408.3 and Chapter 10 shall apply. Small management yards shall comply with all of the following:

1. Staff-controlled manual released locks shall be pro- vided. 2. Staff escorting inmates to and from small manage- ment yards shall be equipped with radios and per- sonal alarms to notify central control in case of a fire. 3. The safe dispersal area as defined by Section 1027.5 shall not be reduced due to placement of these yards. 4. An exit, remote from the main entrance is required in the containment fencing.

408.15.5 Special provisions. Inmate exercise clothing and toilet paper tissue shall be the only combustible materials permitted in small management yards.

The interior finish in special amusement areas shall be Class A in accordance with Section 803.1.

Aircraft hangars shall be in accordance with Sections 412.3.1 through 412.3.6.

412.3.1 Exterior walls. Exterior walls located less than 30 feet (9144 mm) from lot lines or a public way shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 hours.

412.3.2 Basements. Where hangars have basements, floors over basements shall be of Type IA construction and shall be made tight against seepage of water, oil or vapors. There shall not be openings or communication between basements and the hangar. Access to basements shall be from outside only.

412.3.3 Floor surface. Floors shall be graded and drained to prevent water or fuel from remaining on the floor. Floor drains shall discharge through an oil separator to the sewer or to an outside vented sump.

Exception: Aircraft hangars with individual lease spaces not exceeding 2,000 square feet (186 m ² ) each in which servicing, repairing or washing is not conducted and fuel is not dispensed shall have floors that are graded toward the door, but shall not require a separator.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

412.3.4 Heating equipment. Heating equipment shall be placed in another room separated by 2-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711, or both. Entrance shall be from the outside or by means of a vestibule providing a two-doorway separation.

Exceptions:

1. Unit heaters and vented infrared radiant heating equipment suspended not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above the upper surface of wings or engine enclosures of the highest aircraft that are permitted to be housed in the hangar need not be located in a separate room provided that they are mounted not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) above the floor in shops, offices and other sections of the hangar communicating with storage or service areas.

2. Entrance to the separated room shall be permitted by a single interior door provided that the sources of ignition in the appliances are not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor.

412.3.5 Finishing. The process of “doping,” involving use of a volatile flammable solvent, or of painting, shall be carried on in a separate detached building equipped with automatic fire-extinguishing equipment in accordance with Section 903.

[F] 412.3.6 Fire suppression. Aircraft hangars shall be provided with a fire suppression system designed in accordance with NFPA 409, based on the classification for the hangar given in Table 412.3.6.

Exception: Where a fixed base operator has separate repair facilities on site, Group II hangars operated by a fixed base operator used for storage of transient aircraft only shall have a fire suppression system, but the system is exempt from foam requirements.

[F] 412.3.6.1 Hazardous operations. Any Group III aircraft hangar according to Table 412.3.6 that contains hazardous operations including, but not limited to, the

following shall be provided with a Group I or II fire suppression system in accordance with NFPA 409 as applicable:

1. Doping.

2. Hot work including, but not limited to, welding, torch cutting and torch soldering.

3. Fuel transfer.

4. Fuel tank repair or maintenance not including defueled tanks in accordance with NFPA 409, inerted tanks or tanks that have never been fueled.

5. Spray finishing operations.

6. Total fuel capacity of all aircraft within the unsprinklered single fire area in excess of 1,600 gallons (6057 L).

7. Total fuel capacity of all aircraft within the maximum single fire area in excess of 7,500 gallons (28 390 L) for a hangar with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

[F] 412.3.6.2 Separation of maximum single fire areas. Maximum single fire areas established in accordance with hangar classification and construction type in Table 412.3.6 shall be separated by 2-hour fire walls constructed in accordance with Section 706. In determining the maximum single fire area as set forth in Table 412.3.6, ancillary uses that are separated from aircraft servicing areas by a fire barrier of not less than 1 hour, constructed in accordance with Section 707, shall not be included in the area.

Residential aircraft hangars shall comply with Sections 412.4.1 through 412.4.5.

412.4.1 Fire separation. A hangar shall not be attached to a dwelling unless separated by a fire barrier having a fireresistance rating of not less than 1 hour. Such separation shall be continuous from the foundation to the underside of the roof and unpierced except for doors leading to the dwelling unit. Doors into the dwelling unit shall be

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m ² . a. Aircraft hangars with a door height greater than 28 feet shall be provided with fire suppression for a Group I hangar regardless of maximum fire area. b. Groups shall be as classified in accordance with NFPA 409. c. Membrane structures complying with Section 3102 shall be classified as a Group IV hangar.

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

equipped with self-closing devices and conform to the requirements of Section 716 with a noncombustible raised sill not less than 4 inches (102 mm) in height. Openings from a hangar directly into a room used for sleeping purposes shall not be permitted.

412.4.2 Egress. A hangar shall provide two means of egress. One of the doors into the dwelling shall be considered as meeting only one of the two means of egress.

[F] 412.4.3 Smoke alarms. Smoke alarms shall be provided within the hangar in accordance with Section 907.2.22.

412.4.4 Independent systems. Electrical, mechanical and plumbing drain, waste and vent (DWV) systems installed within the hangar shall be independent of the systems installed within the dwelling. Building sewer lines shall be permitted to be connected outside the structures.

Exception: Smoke detector wiring and feed for electrical subpanels in the hangar.

412.4.5 Height and area limits. Residential aircraft hangars shall be not greater than 2,000 square feet (186 m ² ) in area and 20 feet (6096 mm) in building height.

[F] 412.5 Aircraft paint hangars. Aircraft painting operations shall be conducted in an aircraft paint hangar that complies with the provisions of Sections 412.5.1 through 412.5.8. Buildings and structures, or parts thereof, used for the application of flammable finishes shall comply with the applicable provisions of Section 416.

[F] 412.5.1 Occupancy classification. Aircraft paint hangars shall be classified in accordance with the provisions of Section 307.1. Aircraft paint hangars shall comply with the applicable requirements of this code and the Cali- fornia Fire Code for such occupancy.

412.5.2 Construction. Aircraft paint hangars shall be of Type I or II construction.

[F] 412.5.3 Spray equipment cleaning operations. Spray equipment cleaning operations shall be conducted in a liquid use, dispensing and mixing room.

[F] 412.5.4 Operations. Only those flammable liquids necessary for painting operations shall be permitted in quantities less than the maximum allowable quantities per control area in Table 307.1(1). Spray equipment cleaning operations exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area in Table 307.1(1) shall be conducted in a liquid use, dispensing and mixing room.

[F] 412.5.5 Storage. Storage of flammable or combustible liquids exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area in Table 307.1(1) shall be in a liquid storage room.

[F] 412.5.6 Fire suppression. Aircraft paint hangars shall be provided with fire suppression as required by NFPA 409.

[F] 412.5.7 Ventilation. Aircraft paint hangars shall be provided with ventilation as required in the California Mechanical Code .

[F] 412.5.8 Electrical. Electrical equipment and devices within the aircraft paint hangar shall comply with Califor- nia Electrical Code .

[F] 412.5.8.1 Class I, Division I hazardous locations. The area within 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from aircraft surfaces and from the floor to 10 feet (3048 mm) above the aircraft surface shall be classified as a Class I, Division I location.

[F] 412.5.8.2 Class I, Division 2 hazardous loca- tions. The area horizontally from aircraft surfaces between 10 feet (3048 mm) and 30 feet (9144 mm) and from the floor to 30 feet (9144 mm) above the aircraft surface shall be classified as a Class I, Division 2 location.

In buildings used for the manufacturing of aircraft, exit access travel distances indicated in Section 1017.1 shall be increased in accordance with the following:

1. The building shall be of Type I or II construction.

2. Exit access travel distance shall not exceed the distances given in Table 412.6.

412.6.1 Ancillary areas. Rooms, areas and spaces ancillary to the primary manufacturing area shall be permitted to egress through such area having a minimum height as indicated in Table 412.6. Exit access travel distance within the ancillary room, area or space shall not exceed that indicated in Table 1017.2 based on the occupancy classification of that ancillary area. Total exit access travel distance shall not exceed that indicated in Table 412.6.

[F] 412.7 Heliports and helistops. Heliports and helistops shall be permitted to be erected on buildings or other locations where they are constructed in accordance with Sections 412.7.1 through 412.7.5.

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm. a. Contiguous floor area of the aircraft manufacturing facility having the indicated height. b. Minimum height from finished floor to bottom of ceiling or roof slab or deck.

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

[F] 412.7.1 Size. The landing area for helicopters less than 3,500 pounds (1588 kg) shall be not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) in length and width. The landing area shall be surrounded on all sides by a clear area having an average width at roof level of 15 feet (4572 mm), and all widths shall be not less than 5 feet (1524 mm).

[F] 412.7.2 Design. Helicopter landing areas and the supports thereof on the roof of a building shall be noncombustible construction. Landing areas shall be designed to confine any flammable liquid spillage to the landing area itself and provisions shall be made to drain such spillage away from any exit or stairway serving the helicopter landing area or from a structure housing such exit or stairway. For structural design requirements, see Section 1607.6.

ts thereof on the roof of a building shall be noncombustible construction. Landing areas shall be designed to confine any flammable liquid spillage to the landing area itself and provisions shall be made to drain such spillage away from any exit or stairway serving the helicopter landing area or from a structure housing such exit or stairway. For structural design requirements, see Section 1607.6.

412.7.3 Means of egress. The means of egress from heliports and helistops shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 10. Landing areas located on buildings or structures shall have two or more exits or access to exits. For landing areas less than 60 feet (18 288 mm) in length or less than 2,000 square feet (186 m ² ) in area, the second means of egress is permitted to be a fire escape, alternating tread device or ladder leading to the floor below.

[F] 412.7.4 Rooftop heliports and helistops. Rooftop heliports and helistops shall comply with NFPA 418.

[F] 412.7.5 Standpipe system. In buildings equipped with a standpipe system, the standpipe shall extend to the roof level in accordance with Section 905.3.6.

Recycle and/or salvage for reuse a minimum of 65 percent of the non- hazardous construction and demolition waste in accordance with the California Green Building Standards Code (CAL- Green), Chapter 4, Division 4.4.

HCD 1-AC]

420.13.1 Locking mail receptacles. A locking mail recep- tacle for each residential unit shall be provided in all resi- dential hotels pursuant to the requirements specified in Heath and Safety Code Section 17958.3.

Electric vehicle (EV) charging for new construction . Newly constructed Group R-1, R-2 and R-3 buildings shall meet requirements for electric vehicle charging in accordance with the California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen), Chapter 4, Division 4.1.

R-3.1 or R-4 occupancy. See Section 435 for Special Provi- sions for licensed 24-hour care facilities in a Group R-2.1, R-3.1 or R-4 occupancy.

In Group R-2.2 occupancies there shall be continuous electronic supervision via CCTV system camera coverage and monitoring the following areas: corridors, storage rooms over 100 square feet, central kitchen and main entryway of the facility.

Storm shelters shall be constructed in accordance with this code and ICC 500 and shall be designated as hurricane shelters, tornado shelters, or combined hurricane and tornado shelters. Buildings or structures that are also designated as emergency shelters shall also comply with Table 1604.5 as Risk Category IV structures.

Any storm shelter not required by this section shall be permitted to be constructed, provided that such structures meet the requirements of this code and ICC 500.

The occupancy classification for a storm shelter shall be determined in accordance with this section.

423.3.1 Dedicated storm shelters. A facility designed to be occupied solely as a storm shelter shall be classified as Group A-3 for the determination of requirements other than those covered in ICC 500.

Exceptions:

1. The occupancy category for dedicated storm shelters with an occupant load of fewer than 50 persons as determined in accordance with ICC 500 shall be in accordance with Section 303.

2. The occupancy category for a dedicated residential storm shelter shall be the Group R occupancy served.

423.3.2 Storm shelters within host buildings. Where designated storm shelters are constructed as a room or space within a host building that will normally be occupied for other purposes, the requirements of this code for the occupancy of the building, or the individual rooms or spaces thereof, shall apply unless otherwise required by ICC 500.

In areas where the shelter design wind speed for tornados in accordance with Figure 304.2(1) of ICC 500 is 250 mph, 911 call stations, emergency operation centers and fire, rescue, ambulance and police stations shall comply with Table 1604.5 as a Risk Category IV structure and shall be provided with a storm shelter constructed in accordance with ICC 500.

In areas where the shelter design wind speed for tornados is 250 mph in accordance with Figure 304.2(1) of ICC 500, all Group E occupancies with an occupant load of 50 or more shall have a storm shelter constructed in accordance with ICC 500.

Exceptions:

1. Group E day care facilities.

2. Group E occupancies accessory to places of religious worship.

3. Buildings meeting the requirements for shelter design in ICC 500.

423.5.1 Required occupant capacity. The required occupant capacity of the storm shelter shall include all of the buildings on the site and shall be the greater of the following:

1. The total occupant load of the classrooms, vocational rooms and offices in the Group E occupancy.

provided within the aggregate area of corridors, care recipient rooms, treatment rooms, lounge or dining areas and other low-hazard areas within each smoke compartment. Each occupant of an ambulatory care facility shall be provided with access to a refuge area without passing through or utilizing adjacent tenant spaces.

422.3.3 Independent egress. A means of egress shall be provided from each smoke compartment created by smoke barriers without having to return through the smoke compartment from which means of egress originated.

[F] 422.4 Automatic sprinkler systems. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be provided for ambulatory care facilities in accordance with Section 903.2.2.

[F] 422.5 Fire alarm systems. A fire alarm system shall be provided for ambulatory care facilities in accordance with Section 907.2.2.

[F] 422.6 Electrical systems. In ambulatory care facilities, the essential electrical system for electrical components, equipment and systems shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 27 and California Electrical Code Article 517.

Installation of cooking appliances used in domestic cooking facilities shall comply with all of the following:

1. The types of cooking appliances permitted are limited to ovens, cooktops, ranges, warmers and microwaves.

2. Domestic cooking hoods installed and constructed in accordance with the California Mechanical Code shall be provided over cooktops or ranges.

3. A shutoff for the fuel and electrical supply to the cooking equipment shall be provided in a location to which only staff has access.

4. A timer shall be provided that automatically deactivates the cooking appliances within a period of not more than 120 minutes.

5. A portable fire extinguisher shall be provided. Installation shall be in accordance with Section 906 and the extinguisher shall be located within a 30-foot (9144 mm) distance of travel from each domestic cooking appliance.

435.3.1 Group R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 shall be constructed in accordance with Table 504.3.

435.3.2 Limitations six or less clients. Group R-3.1 occu- pancies where nonambulatory clients are housed above the first story, having more than two stories in height or having more than 3,000 square feet (279 m ² ) of floor area above the first story shall not be of less than one-hour fire- resistance-rated construction throughout.

In Group R3.1 occupancies housing a bedridden client, the client sleeping room shall not be located above or below the first story.

Exception: Clients who become bedridden as a result of a temporary illness as defined in Health and Safety Code Sections 1566.45, 1568.0832 and 1569.72. A tem- porary illness is an illness, which persists for 14 days or less. A bedridden client may be retained in excess of the 14 days upon approval by the Department of Social Services and may continue to be housed on any story in a Group R-3.1 occupancy classified as a licensed resi- dential facility.

Every licensee admitting or retaining a bedridden resident shall, within 48 hours of the resident’s admis- sion or retention in the facility, notify the local fire authority with jurisdiction of the estimated length of time the resident will retain his or her bedridden status in the facility.

435.3.3 Limitations seven or more clients. Group R-4 occupancies where nonambulatory clients are housed above the first story and there is more than 3,000 square feet (279 m ² ) of floor area above the first story or housing not more than 16 clients above the first story shall be con- structed of not less than one-hour fire-resistance-rated construction throughout.

435.3.4 Nonambulatory elderly clients. Group R-4 occu- pancies housing nonambulatory elderly clients shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistance-rated construction throughout.

435.4.1 Group R-2.1, occupancies are not permitted in nonfire-resistance-rated construction, see Health and Safety Code Section 13131.5.

435.5.1 Smoke barriers required. Group R-2.1 and R-4 occupancies licensed as a Residential Care Facility (RCF) with individual floor areas over 6,000 square feet (557 m ² ) per floor, shall be provided with smoke barriers, con- structed in accordance with Section 709.

tion rating of not less than 1 hour. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed within the room. The room shall be exhausted through a duct to the exterior. Supply and exhaust ducts shall be enclosed in a 1-hour rated shaft enclosure from the room to the exterior. Approved mechanical ventilation shall comply with the California Mechanical Code and be provided with a minimum rate of 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot (0.00508 m ³ /s/m ² ) of the area of the room.

[F] 427.2.3 Gas cabinets. Gas cabinets shall be constructed in accordance with Section 5003.8.6 of the California Fire Code and shall comply with the following:

1. Cabinets shall be exhausted to the exterior through a dedicated exhaust duct system installed in accordance with Chapter 5 of the California Mechanical Code .

2. Supply and exhaust ducts shall be enclosed in a 1hour rated shaft enclosure from the cabinet to the exterior. The average velocity of ventilation at the face of access ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s) with a minimum of 150 feet per minute (0.76 m/s) at any point of the access port or window.

3. Cabinets shall be provided with an automatic sprinkler system internal to the cabinet.

Road tunnels, bridges and other limited- access highways that are state owned shall comply with NFPA 502.

approved by the Fire Code Official.

453.4.7.6 Reserved.

453.4.6 Secondary power systems. A legally required standby power system shall have an automatic transfer time of not more than 10 seconds.

453.4.6.1 Required systems. Standby power shall be provided for all electrically operated equipment, sys- tems and connected control circuits including:

1. Mechanical ventilation systems. See Section 453.4.7.2. 2. Temperature control systems required to prevent unsafe process excursions or chemical reactions. 3. Treatment systems and scrubbers. 4. Emergency Responder Radio Coverage (ERRCS). See Section 510 of the California Fire Code. 5. Electrically operated systems required elsewhere in this code and the California Fire Code. 453.4.7 Ventilation.

453.4.7.1 Compatibility. Incompatible materials shall not be conveyed in the same duct system. Combined products in mechanical exhaust ducts shall not create a physical hazard or reaction that could degrade the duct material. The building official may require a technical report in accordance with Section 453.7.1. 453.4.7.2 Fire dampers, smoke dampers and combina- tion fire/smoke dampers. Fire dampers, smoke damp- ers or fire/smoke dampers shall not be permitted in mechanical exhaust duct systems used to maintain a safe laboratory environment. When the exhaust duct

453.4.7.7 Mechanical ventilation system balancing. Mechanical ventilation systems shall be designed and balanced such that during normal and emergency conditions the door opening forces comply with the requirements of Sections 1010.1.3 and Chapter 11B as applicable. Emergency conditions shall include: supply fan shutdown or failure, closing of smoke dampers or combination fire/smoke dampers, or emergency power.

453.6.1 Access to exits. Every room of a laboratory suite containing hazardous materials and having a floor area of 500 square feet (19 m²) or more shall have access to not less than two separate exits or exit-access doorways in accordance with Section 1006.2.

453.6.2 Door swing. All exit and exit-access doors serv- ing areas with hazardous materials shall swing in the direction of exit travel, regardless of the occupant load served.

453.6.3 Panic hardware. Exit and exit access doors from areas with hazardous materials shall not be provided with a latch or lock unless it is panic hardware or fire exit hardware.

453.6.4 Buildings more than four stories. A minimum of one exit shall be provided to serve the floor on each side of

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SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

the 2-hour fire barrier and shall comply with the provi- sions of Chapter 10.

453.6.5 Reserved.

453.7.1 Multiple hazards. When a hazardous material has multiple hazards, all hazards shall be addressed and con- trolled in accordance with the provisions of this code and the California Fire Code.

453.7.2 Percentage of maximum allowable quantities. The percentage of the maximum allowable quantity of haz- ardous materials per laboratory suite permitted for each story level within a building shall be in accordance with Table 453.7.2.1.

453.7.3 Handling and transportation. The handling and transportation of hazardous materials shall be in accor- dance with Section 5003.10 of the California Fire Code.

^th story and above. Any story containing a Group L occupancy on the 11 ^th

story and above shall be provided with elevators and elevator lobbies in accordance with Sections 453.8.1 through 453.8.3.

453.8.1. An elevator that serves every story of the building shall be provided on each side of the 2-hour fire-smoke barrier.

453.8.2. An elevator lobby shall be provided on each side of the 2-hour fire-smoke barrier at each floor in accor- dance with Section 3006.

453.8.3. The elevator and its associated elevator lobbies and elevator machine rooms shall be pressurized in accor- dance with Section 909.6.

tions, alterations or repairs. See California Fire Code Chap- ter 11, Section 1116 and California Existing Building Code.