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Chapter 18 — SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS

Section 1813A

California Building Code (Title 24, Part 2) · 2022 edition · updated 2026-09-12 · California

Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.

VIBRO STONE COLUMNS FOR GROUND IMPROVEMENT

1813A.1 General.

This section shall apply to vibro stone col- umns (VSCs) for ground improvement using unbounded aggregate materials. Vibro stone column provisions in this section are intended to increase bearing capacity, reduce set- tlements and mitigate liquefaction for shallow foundations. These requirements shall not be used for grouted or bonded stone columns, ground improvement for deep foundation ele- ments or changing site class. VSCs shall not be considered a deep foundation element. Ground improvement shall be

completed and capable of transmitting lateral loads to the permanent structure. Thereafter, readings can be monthly.

d. Where the building has been designed to resist

lateral earth pressures, the periodic monitoring of the soldier piles and adjacent structure can be discontinued once the ground floor diaphragm and subterranean portion of the structure is capable of resisting lateral soil loads and approved by the shoring design engineer, geo- technical engineer and building official.

e. Additional readings shall be taken when

requested by the special inspector, shoring design engineer, geotechnical engineer or build- ing official.

8. Monitoring reading shall be submitted to the shoring

design engineer, engineer in responsible charge and building official within three working days after they are conducted. Monitoring readings shall be accurate to within 0.01 feet. Results are to be submitted in tab- ular form showing at least the initial date of monitor- ing and reading, current monitoring date and reading and difference between the two readings.

9. If the total cumulative horizontal or vertical move-

ment (from start of construction) of the existing build- ings reaches 1 /2 inch or soldier piles reaches 1 inch all excavation activities shall be suspended. The geotech- nical and shoring design engineer shall determine the cause of movement, if any, and recommend corrective measures, if necessary, before excavation continues.

10. If the total cumulative horizontal or vertical move- ment (from start of construction) of the existing build- ings reaches 3 /4 inch or soldier piles reaches 1 1 /2 inches all excavation activities shall be suspended until the causes, if any, can be determined. Supple- mental shoring shall be devised to eliminate further movement and the building official shall review and approve the supplemental shoring before excavation continues.

11. Monitoring of tie-back anchor loads:

a. Load cells shall be installed at the tie-back heads

adjacent to buildings at maximum interval of 50 feet, with a minimum of one load cells per wall.

b. Load cell readings shall be taken once a day

during excavation and once a week during the remainder of construction.

c. Load cell readings shall be submitted to the geo-

technical engineer, shoring design engineer, engi- neer in responsible charge and building official.

d. Load cell readings can be terminated once the

temporary shoring no longer provides support for the buildings.

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▸Contents — California Building Code (Title 24, Part 2)
California Building Code (Title 24, Part 2)
  1. Chapter 2 — DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
  2. Appendix G — FLOOD-RESISTANT
  3. Appendix L — EARTHQUAKE RECORDING
  4. Appendix M — TSUNAMI-GENERATED
  5. Appendix N — REPLICABLE
  6. Appendix O — PERFORMANCE-BASED
  7. Chapter 1 — SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION
  8. Chapter 3 — OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION AND USE
  9. Chapter 4 — SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY A…
  10. Chapter 5 — GENERAL BUILDING HEIGHTS AND AREAS
  11. Chapter 6 — TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
  12. Chapter 7 — FIRE AND SMOKE PROTECTION FEATURES
  13. Chapter 7A — MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION
  14. Chapter 8 — INTERIOR FINISHES
  15. Chapter 9 — FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS
  16. Chapter 10 — MEANS OF EGRESS
  17. Chapter 11A — HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY
  18. Chapter 11B — ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMM…
  19. Chapter 12 — INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT
  20. Chapter 14 — EXTERIOR WALLS
  21. Chapter 15 — ROOF ASSEMBLIES AND ROOFTOP STRUCTURES
  22. Chapter 16 — STRUCTURAL DESIGN
  23. Chapter 16A — STRUCTURAL DESIGN
  24. Chapter 17 — SPECIAL INSPECTIONS AND TESTS
  25. ▸Chapter 18 — SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
    Overview
    1. Section 1801
    2. Section 1802
    3. Section 1803
    4. Section 1804
    5. Section 1805
    6. Section 1806
    7. Section 1807
    8. Section 1808
    9. Section 1809
    10. Section 1810
    11. Section 1811
    12. Section 1812
    13. Section 1813
    14. Section 1801A
    15. Section 1802A
    16. Section 1803A
    17. Section 1804A
    18. Section 1805A
    19. Section 1806A
    20. Section 1807A
    21. Section 1808A
    22. Section 1809A
    23. Section 1810A
    24. Section 1811A
    25. Section 1812A
    26. Section 1813A
  26. Chapter 19 — CONCRETE
  27. Chapter 20 — ALUMINUM
  28. Chapter 21 — MASONRY
  29. Chapter 22 — STEEL
  30. Chapter 23 — WOOD
  31. Chapter 24 — GLASS AND GLAZING
  32. Chapter 25 — GYPSUM BOARD, GYPSUM PANEL PRODUCTS AND PLASTER
  33. Chapter 26 — PLASTIC
  34. Chapter 27 — ELECTRICAL
  35. Chapter 28 — MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
  36. Chapter 30 — ELEVATORS AND CONVEYING SYSTEMS
  37. Chapter 31 — SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
  38. Chapter 31B — PUBLIC POOLS
  39. Chapter 31C — RADIATION
  40. Chapter 31D — FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS
  41. Chapter 31F — MARINE OIL TERMINALS
  42. Chapter 32 — ENCROACHMENTS INTO THE PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY
  43. Chapter 33 — SAFEGUARDS DURING CONSTRUCTION
  44. Chapter 35 — REFERENCED STANDARDS
  45. Appendix A — EMPLOYEE QUALIFICATIONS
  46. Appendix B — BOARD OF APPEALS
  47. Appendix C — GROUP U – AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS
  48. Appendix D — FIRE DISTRICTS
  49. Appendix F — RODENTPROOFING
  50. Appendix H — SIGNS
  51. Appendix I — PATIO COVERS
  52. Appendix J — GRADING
  53. Appendix K — GROUP R-3 AND GROUP R-3.1 OCCUPANCIES
  54. Appendix P — EMERGENCY HOUSING

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