Los Angeles County Municipal Code Title 32 Fire Code

Editor's note— Ord. 2023-0008 § 1, adopted Jan. 31, 2023, repealed former Title 32 and §§ 3—444 enacted a new title as set out herein, effective March 2, 2023. Section 2 of Ord. 2023-0008 reads: "California Code of Regulations Title 24 - Part 9: 2022 California Fire Code is hereby adopted by reference as Title 32 - Fire Code - of the Los Angeles County Code, except as amended by those changes and additions adopted in this ordinance. The section numbers used in this Title 32 are the

same numbers used in the California Fire Code due to its incorporation herein." Amendments subsequent to Ord. 2023-0008 will be set out in a parenthetical history note following the amended section.

Prior ordinance history: Ords. 86-0004, 89-0120, 90-0110, 90-0111, 90-0168, 93-0044, 95-0037, 2010-0060, 2014-0014, 2017-0003, 2018-0034, 2020-0014, 2022-0029.

100 - CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE AND INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE ADOPTION BY REFERENCE:

Except as changed, amended, added to, or removed, as established by ordinance and reflected herein, the following, as if set forth fully below, are hereby adopted by reference, incorporated into, and shall be known as the chapters, appendices, sections, and other parts of Title 32 of the Los Angeles County Code:

The 2022 Edition of the California Fire Code, Part 9 of California Code of Regulations Title 24, including current and future errata and supplements, as reflected by the "California Matrix Adoption Tables" therein.

The following chapters of the 2021 Edition of the International Fire Code, each in their entirety, as published with the 2022 Edition of the California Fire Code, specifically for sections that were not adopted as part of the 2022 Edition of the California Fire Code:

Chapters 1—7, 9—10, 12, 20—37, 39—40, 50—51, 53—56, 59—67, and 80.

The following chapters and appendices, each in their entirety, as added by the County of Los Angeles:

a.

Chapters 81—83.

b.

Appendices O, PP, QQ, and RR.

A copy of the 2022 Edition of the California Fire Code, with errata and supplements, and a copy of the 2021 International Fire Code shall be at all times maintained by the Executive Office of the Board of Supervisors for use and examination by the public.

101 - SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Title 32 of the Los Angeles County Code shall be known as the LOS ANGELES COUNTY FIRE CODE, hereinafter referred to as "this code." References made herein to the "California Fire Code" shall mean this code.

The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements consistent with nationally recognized good practice for providing a reasonable level of life safety and property protection from the hazards of fire, explosion or dangerous conditions in new and existing buildings, structures and premises, and to provide a reasonable level of safety to fire fighters and emergency responders during emergency operations. Consistent with this purpose, the provisions of this code are intended, and have always been intended, to confer a benefit on the community as a whole and are not intended to establish a duty of care toward any particular person.

This code shall not be construed to hold the County, the County of Los Angeles Consolidated Fire Protection District, or any officer, employee, or agent thereof responsible for any damage to persons or property by reason of any inspection authorized herein or by reason of the issuance or non-issuance of any permit authorized herein, and/or for any action or omission in connection with the application and/or enforcement of this code. By adopting the provisions of this code, the County, any district member city, or the County of Los Angeles Consolidated Fire Protection District, does not intend to impose on itself, its employees, or agents any mandatory duties of care toward persons and property within its jurisdiction so as to provide a basis of civil liability for damages. This section is declaratory of existing law and is not to be construed as suggesting that such was not the purpose and intent of previous code adoptions.

When reference is made to a portion of this code or other applicable laws or ordinances, the reference applies to all amendments and additions now or hereafter made. Where there is a conflict between amendments, unless otherwise expressly noted, the most recent amendment shall apply.

When the California Building Standards Commission approves and publishes errata or supplements to the California Fire Code, Title 24, Part 9, any change made that affects the requirement or meaning of any amendment found in this ordinance shall not necessarily void or alter the requirement of that amendment. The fire code official shall render the interpretation and intent of the amendment with the new language of the errata or supplement as per Section 104.1.

102 - APPLICABILITY

Where structures are designed and constructed in accordance with the California Residential Code, the provisions of this code shall apply as follows:

Construction and design provisions of this code pertaining to the exterior of the structure shall apply including, but not limited to, premises identification, fire apparatus access and water supplies. Provisions of this code pertaining to the interior of the structure shall apply when specifically required by this code including, but not limited to, Section 903.2.11.7. Requirements

pertaining to disconnects, shutoffs, and identification of utility and similar hazards shall apply in all cases unless expressly stated otherwise. Where interior or exterior systems or devices are installed, construction permits required by Section 105.6 of this code shall apply.

Administrative, operational, and maintenance provisions of this code shall apply.

103 - CODE COMPLIANCE AGENCY

The Fire Marshal of the County of Los Angeles Fire Department ("Fire Department"), the Fire Department being the fire authority of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County ("District"), shall be known as the fire code official. The Fire Department is charged with the implementation, administration and enforcement of the provisions of this code within the jurisdiction of the District.

The fire code official, member of the fire code appeals review panel, officer or employee charged with the enforcement of this code, while acting for the jurisdiction, in good faith and without malice in the discharge of the duties required by this code or other pertinent law or ordinance, shall not thereby be rendered civilly or criminally liable personally, and is hereby relieved from all personal liability for any damage accruing to persons or property as a result of an act or by reason of an act or omission in the discharge of official duties.

The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the installation of any material or to prohibit any design or method of construction not specifically prescribed by this code, provided that any such alternative has been approved. An alternative material, design or method of construction shall be approved where the fire code official finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and complies with the intent of the provisions of this code, and that the material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, not less than the equivalent of that prescribed in this code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, durability and safety. Requests for approval to use an alternate material, assembly of materials, equipment, method of construction, method of installation of equipment or means of protection shall be made in writing to the Fire Marshal by the owner or the owner's authorized representative and shall be accompanied by a justification that is supported by evidence to substantiate any claim being made regarding the requested alternative and its compliance with the intent of

this code. The Fire Marshal may require independent tests be performed by an approved testing organization in order to substantiate the proposed alternative.

Approval of a request for use of an alternative material, assembly of materials, equipment, method of construction, method of installation of equipment or means of protection made pursuant to these provisions shall be limited to the particular case covered by the request and shall not be construed as establishing any precedent for any future request. Where the alternative material, design or method of construction is not approved, the fire code official shall respond in writing, stating the reasons why the alternative was not approved.

The fire code official or authorized personnel shall have the authority to investigate promptly the cause, origin and circumstances of any fire, hazardous material incident, explosion, or other hazardous condition which is of suspicious origin. The investigator is authorized to take immediate charge of all physical evidence relating to the cause of the incident, and to pursue the investigation to its conclusion under the direction of the Fire Chief or an authorized deputy Fire Chief, in cooperation with the appropriate law enforcement agency. Information that could be related to trade secrets or processes shall not be made part of the public record, except as directed by a court of law.

One set of construction documents shall be retained by the fire code official for a period of not less than 90 days from date of completion of the permitted work, or as required by Section 19850 of the California Health and Safety Code, or other applicable state or local laws. One set of approved construction documents shall be returned to the applicant, and said set shall be kept on the site of the building or work at all times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress.

107 - FEES

When required by the fire code official, the permittee holding a place of assembly operational permit shall use an approved method to maintain an accurate count of the number of occupants present in a place of an assembly room including any accessory areas. If at any time the fire code official determines that an accurate count of occupants is not being maintained by the permittee, the assembly room and accessory areas shall be cleared of occupants until an accurate occupant count can be made.

111 - MEANS OF APPEALS

When an applicant seeking an approval from the fire code official disagrees with the decision of the fire code official regarding the conditions, methods of construction, equipment, or operations regulated by this code, the applicant may file a written appeal to the Assistant Fire Chief of the Fire Prevention Division (i.e., the Fire Marshal) pursuant to Section 109.2 of this code. A written appeal must be submitted no later than 30 days after the applicant has notice of the decision being appealed. The Fire Marshal, after considering all the facts presented, including any communication from the general public regarding the matter appealed, shall provide a written decision responding to the appeal. If the applicant is not satisfied with the decision of the Fire Marshal, the applicant shall, within 10 days of receipt of the Fire Marshal's decision, request in writing that the decision be reviewed by a fire code appeals review panel, a three-person panel consisting of the following individuals: the Deputy Fire Chief of Prevention, the Deputy Fire Chief of Operations, and the jurisdictional Building Official, or equivalent, or designee thereof. The fire code appeals review panel shall transmit its written decision on the appeal to the applicant. The fire code appeals review panel shall be the final authority in the appeals process.

An applicant's appeal shall be based on a claim that the true intent of this code or the regulations adopted thereunder have been incorrectly interpreted, that the provisions of this code do not apply, or that an equivalent or better form of construction was proposed by the applicant and was denied by the fire code official. The appeals process shall not be used to waive requirements of this code or interpret the administration of this code.

For an appeal regarding fuel modification plan requirements, an applicant must use the appeals process as per Section 4906.3.3.

The fire code appeals review panel shall consist of the Deputy Chief of Prevention, the Deputy Chief of Operations, and the jurisdictional Building Official, or equivalent, or designee thereof.

The fire code official shall take immediate action in accordance with the decision of the fire code appeals review panel.

112 - VIOLATIONS

Where the fire code official finds any work regulated by this code being performed in a manner contrary to the provisions of this code, or in a dangerous or unsafe manner, the fire code official is authorized to issue a stop work order. The fire code official is authorized to order the work, the operation, or the use stopped or the evacuation of any premises, building, or vehicle or portion thereof which has or is a condition hazardous to life or property.

Any person who shall continue any work after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be liable for administrative fines and subject to prosecution as allowed by Title 1, Section 1.25 of the County Code or other applicable laws or regulations.

114 - UNSAFE STRUCTURES OR EQUIPMENT

Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.5 for the activities or uses regulated by Sections 306, 307, 308, 315, 320 322, 324, 326, and 328.

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

. . .

BONFIRE.

COMMISSIONER.

FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES.

FLOATING LUMINARY.

GOVERNING BODY.

. . .

304 - COMBUSTIBLE WASTE MATERIAL

A person shall not kindle or maintain or authorize to be kindled or maintained any open burning unless conducted and approved in accordance with Sections 307.1.1 through 307.7.

Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.6.

A person shall not build, light, maintain, or cause or permit to be built, lighted, or maintained, any open outdoor fire or use or cause or permit to be used, any open outdoor fire for any purpose except:

When such fire is set or permission for such fire is given in the performance of the official duty of any public officer, and the fire, in the opinion of such public officer, is necessary for:

(i)

The purpose of the prevention of a fire hazard which cannot be abated by any other means; or

(ii)

The instruction of public employees in the methods of fighting fire.

When such fire is set pursuant to permit on property used for industrial or institutional purposes for the purpose of instruction of employees in methods of fighting fire.

When such fire is set in the course of any agricultural operation in the growing of crops or raising of fowl or animals.

On a public beach area owned, managed, or controlled by the County, otherwise permitted by this code.

In a County-owned park or recreation camp as otherwise permitted by this code.

Bonfires permitted by the fire code official.

For cooking, recreational, or ceremonial fires on private property with a maximum fuel area of 3 feet (914 mm) or less in diameter and 2 feet (610 mm) or less in height, in locations outside of wildfire risk areas.

The fire code official is authorized to designate places on private property, with the permission of the owner thereof, or upon any public road, or within any public park, or upon any public land, where open fires may be built.

The fire code official may place or cause to be placed uniform signs or posters on or at such premises indicating the place or limits where such fires may be built and maintained without further permission; however, it shall be unlawful to leave, or cause or permit to be left unattended, any fire burning in such place.

308 - OPEN FLAMES

When required by the fire code official, any vacant or abandoned buildings or structures determined to be unsafe pursuant to Section 114 of this code relating to structural or interior hazards shall be marked as required by Sections 311.5.1 through 311.5.5.

314 - INDOOR DISPLAYS

Liquid-fueled or gaseous-fueled vehicles, aircraft, boats or other motorcraft shall not be located indoors except as follows:

The engine starting system is made inoperable or batteries are disconnected except where the fire code official requires that the batteries remain connected to maintain safety features.

Fuel in fuel tanks does not exceed any of the following:

2.1.

Class I, II and III liquid fuel does not exceed one-quarter tank or 5 gallons (19 L), whichever is less.

2.2.

LP gas does not exceed one-quarter gallon tank or 6.6 gallons (25 L), whichever is less.

2.3.

CNG does not exceed one-quarter tank or 630 cubic feet (17.8 m 3 ), whichever is less.

2.4.

Hydrogen does not exceed one-quarter tank or 2000 cubic feet (0.57 m 3 ), whichever is less.

Fuel tanks and fill openings are closed and sealed to prevent tampering.

Vehicles, aircraft, boats or other motorcraft equipment are not fueled or defueled within the building.

The fire code official is authorized to make additional requirements and restrictions, or to deny permission for the display, based upon the hazards inherent with the display, such as but not limited to those associated with the battery technology of the vehicle.

316 - HAZARDS TO FIRE FIGHTERS

A fire safety plan shall be provided in accordance with Section 403.10.6. In addition, the fire safety plan shall include emergency response actions to be taken upon detection of a fire or possible fire involving lithium-ion or lithium metal battery storage. Where the fire code official finds that the fire safety plan is absent or insufficient, the fire code official shall be authorized to require removal of the batteries and containers from the area or building, and/or fire watch.

An operational permit is required to operate a parade float for a public performance, presentation, spectacle, entertainment, or parade. Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.5.

Decorative material on parade floats shall be noncombustible, be made flame-retardant by application of a California State Fire Marshal-listed treatment, or meet the flame-resistive requirements of the fire code official.

Motorized parade floats and towing apparatus shall be provided with a minimum 2-A: 10-B: C-rated portable fire extinguisher readily accessible to the operator.

325 - CLEARANCE OF BRUSH AND VEGETATIVE GROWTH

The fire code official or Commissioner, or their assistants, deputies, employees, or contracting agents, or other representatives may enter upon private property for the purpose of inspecting and/or removing vegetation pursuant to

Sections 104.3 and 104.3.1 of this code, or California Health and Safety Code, Section 14900 et seq.

Any property owner may have the vegetation removed at the owner's expense, if it is done prior to the arrival of the fire code official or Commissioner or their representatives.

All of the proceedings provided for in this article may be combined with and performed in conjunction with proceedings for the abatement of noxious weeds pursuant to Part 5 of Division 12 of the California Health and Safety Code.

A person who violates Sections 325.2.1, 325.3.2, 325.10, 503.2.1, 3107.18, 6107.2, or 6107.3 may be prosecuted and punished whether proceedings pursuant to Sections 325.3—325.8, inclusive, have been had or not. Proceedings pursuant to Sections 325.3—325.8, inclusive, are not a condition precedent to prosecution for violation of Sections 325.2.1, 325.3.2, 325.10, 503.2.1, 3107.18, 6107.2, or 6107.3.

The fire code official or Commissioner may require removal and clearance of all flammable vegetation or other combustible growth for a minimum of 10 feet (3.05 m) on each side of every roadway, whether public or private. The fire code official or Commissioner may enter upon private property to inspect, remove, and clear vegetation and growth as required by this section and may charge the responsible party for the cost of such action. This section shall not apply to single specimens of trees, ornamental shrubbery, or cultivated ground cover such as green grass, ivy, succulents, or similar plants used as ground cover, provided that they do not form a means of readily transmitting fire. As used in this section, "roadway" means that portion of a highway or private street improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel. The minimum clearance of 10 feet (3.05 m) may be increased, if the fire code official determines additional distance is required to provide reasonable fire safety.

326 - ACTIVITIES IN WILDFIRE RISK AREAS

Due to conditions tending to cause or allow the rapid spread of fires which may occur on grass-, grain-, brush-, or forest- covered land in certain hazardous fire portions of the jurisdictional area, or because of the inaccessible character of such lands, the unrestricted use of such lands creates a potential menace to life and property from fire. Therefore, it is the intent of this section to provide necessary safeguards to prevent the occurrence of fires and to control the spread of fires which might be caused by recreational, commercial, industrial, or other activities carried on in any wildfire risk area.

Permits shall be required as set forth in Sections 105.5 and 105.6.

No person shall establish or conduct any of the following or similar activities in a wildfire risk area without first securing a permit:

Recreational activities including, but not limited to, rifle ranges, carnivals and fairs, public assembly events, fireworks, overnight camping, and open burning.

Temporary or permanent activities including, but not limited to, stands for cooking or other activities which could provide a source of ignition.

A request for an issuance of a permit for any such activity shall be made to the fire code official not less than 15 days prior to the starting date of such activity.

Upon receiving a request for issuance of a permit, the fire code official shall survey the buildings, premises, and facilities proposed for such use prior to issuance of the permit to determine the fire protection equipment and safeguards necessary to conduct such activity without unduly increasing the potential fire hazard to the area.

The applicant shall be notified by the fire code official of the facilities and fire protection safeguards necessary, and a permit shall be contingent upon the provision of all such facilities and safeguards.

The permit shall stipulate the conditions, precautions, limitations, and safeguards necessary to conduct the identified activity with a reasonable degree of fire safety, and failure to comply with any condition, precaution, limitation, or safeguard

stipulated shall be cause for immediate revocation of the permit and cessation of the activity.

Fire protection facilities required and conditions or limitations necessary to maintain reasonable fire safety may include, but are not limited to, the following:

Adequate water supply, pumps, hydrants, and hoses.

Firebreaks as necessary to prevent a fire on the premises from spreading to adjacent brush or grass-covered areas.

Posting of "NO SMOKING" signs.

Removal of dry grass and weeds from around buildings, along roadways and automobile parking areas, and other areas accessible to the public or participants of the activity.

Provision of approved, competent fire safety officers or advisors to act as fire guards or fire watchers to patrol the area when such activity is taking place. Also see Section 3107.17.

Provision of adequate access roads and parking facilities to prevent congestion of public roads, to permit adequate means of egress for evacuation of the public or participants in event of emergency, and to permit movement of fire apparatus and equipment.

Restriction or prohibition of activities during periods of high-fire-hazard weather conditions.

Such fencing as is necessary to control the activity.

Such other conditions, limitations, or provisions necessary to maintain reasonable fire safety.

A person shall not enter or be on any lands within the boundaries of the National Forest within Los Angeles County which have been closed to entry by the U.S. Forest Service, except by a valid special entry permit issued by a U.S. Forest Service official.

Any portion of public or private lands in any wildfire risk area may be closed to the public by the fire code official at the request of the owners of such public or private lands, when in the opinion of the fire code official such closure is necessary for the prevention of fires. Notice of such closure shall be made by the fire code official by public announcement, and such

closure shall be in effect until, in the opinion of the fire code official, such closure is no longer necessary for the protection of property against fire and such closure is lifted by public announcement.

A person shall not enter or be upon any public or private lands closed to the public by the fire code official during the period such closure is in effect, except that the closure of private lands shall not prohibit the use or entry upon such lands by the owner, owner's guests, or invitees, provided that such guests or invitees have written permission from the owner of such lands to enter upon the same. Such written permit shall be presented upon the demand of any public officer when such person is within any closed area.

Lands closed to entry shall be posted by the fire protection agency having jurisdiction.

No person shall operate or use any device, machine, or process such as a welding torch, tar pot, decorative torch, or any other device liable to start or cause fire in or upon any wildfire risk area, except by the authority of a written permit from the fire code official. However, no permit will be required if such use is within inhabited premises or a designated camp site, and such use is a minimum of 30 feet from any grass-, grain-, brush-, or forest-covered lands.

Clearance of brush or vegetative growth from roadways shall be in accordance with Section 325.10 and 503.2.1 of this code.

Exception: If the fire code official determines in any specific case that difficult terrain, danger of erosion, or other unusual circumstances make strict compliance with the provisions of this code undesirable or impractical, the fire code official may suspend enforcement thereof and require reasonable alternative measures.

No person shall place, deposit, or dump any garbage, cans, bottles, papers, ashes, refuse, trash, rubbish, or combustible waste materials in or upon any wildfire risk area. No person shall dump such materials in, upon, or along any trail, roadway, or highway in any wildfire risk area. Dumping in areas approved by the fire department for this use shall not be deemed to be in violation of this section. This section may be enforced by the Commissioner.

No person shall place, deposit, or dump any ashes or coals in or upon any wildfire risk area except in the hearth of an established fire pit, camp stove, or fireplace; in a noncombustible container with a tight-fitting lid; or where such ashes or coals are buried and covered with one foot of mineral earth not less than 25 feet (7620 mm) from any combustible vegetation or structure. When any such fire pit, camp stove, fireplace, or noncombustible container is used for this purpose, it shall be kept or maintained in a safe location not less than 10 feet from any combustible vegetation or structure.

No person, except public officers acting within the scope of their duties, shall travel upon or drive or park any motorcycle, motor scooter, or motor vehicle upon any fire road or firebreak beyond the point where travel is restricted by a cable, gate, or sign, without the permission of the property owner or owners involved.

No person shall park any vehicle so as to obstruct the entrance to any fire road or firebreak.

No person shall install or maintain a radio or television aerial, or guy wire thereto, or any other obstruction on any fire road or firebreak, which is less than 16 feet above such fire road or firebreak.

No person shall operate any motorcycle, motor scooter, or motor vehicle, except upon clearly established public or private roads, within any wildfire risk area without first having secured a permit to do so from the fire code official. No such permit shall be issued unless written permission from the property owner is first presented.

It shall be unlawful to maintain any torch or lantern utilizing an open flame along any excavation, any road, or any place where the dislodgment of such torch or lantern might permit same to roll, fall, or slide on to any forest- or brush-covered land, or any land containing flammable material. Also see Sections 305 and 308.

327 - ADMINISTRATIVE FINES FOR VIOLATION OF REQUIRED CLEARANCE

Improved parcels found to be in violation of Sections 325.2.1, 325.10, 503.2.1, 3107.18, or 6107.3 of this code relating to clearance of brush and combustible growth, roadway clearance, and vertical clearance on fire access roads, shall be subject to an administrative fine, noncompliance fee, and/or possible liens as allowed by the provisions of Title 1, Chapter 1.25 of the County Code.

An administrative fine will be imposed and enforced upon failure of the responsible party to comply with written abatement instructions and timeframes contained on the Official Inspection Report Form (County of Los Angeles Fire Department FORM 410, all versions) issued by the Fire Department.

The administrative fine for a first violation as described in Section 327.3.1 or 327.4.1 is $0. The administrative fine for a second violation as described in Section 327.3.1 or 327.4.1 is $500.

The administrative fine will be collected by the fire department through direct invoice. The fire department shall notify the owner of the imposition and amount of the administrative fine.

The imposition of an administrative fine may be appealed in writing utilizing the request-for-administrative-hearing form provided with the administrative fine invoice. The request-for-administrative-hearing form must be filed with the brush clearance section manager of the fire department within 10 calendar days following the service of the notice of administrative fine.

Upon conclusion of the administrative hearing, the hearing officer shall issue a written decision within 10 calendar days. The hearing officer's written decision shall constitute the final administrative decision of the County.

Any person contesting the final administrative order or decision of the Fire Department may seek further review pursuant to Section 53069.4 of the California Government Code.

Any administrative penalty imposed shall be cancelled or refunded as provided in Sections 14920—14921 of the California Health and Safety Code, or any successor statute of similar import.

Pursuant to Title 1, Chapter 1.25 of the County Code, the amount of the unpaid administrative fines shall become a lien on the real property that is in violation of this chapter.

328 - LAND DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW FEES

This section is applicable to all unincorporated portions of Los Angeles County, to all incorporated areas that are a part of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County, and to all cities that contract with the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County for services and adopt Section 328 as part of their fire code. The applicable fees described herein shall be collected as a condition of approval for any land development project(s), environmental documents, or permit review(s) referred or submitted to the fire department for review. Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.6.

A fee shall be payable to the fire department upon the submittal of any subdivision map for the review and approval by the Land Development Unit (LDU), or equivalent, of the fire department. The amount of the fee shall be as stipulated in the version of the approved Fire-Code Fee Schedule (Appendix QQ of this code) of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County that is in effect at the time of the submittal in question.

A fee shall be payable to the fire department upon submittal of any of the following requests for review and approval by the fire department. The amount of the fee shall be as stipulated in the version of the approved Fire-Code Fee Schedule (Appendix QQ of this code) of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County that is in effect at the time of the submittal in question.

a.

Request for review of a discretionary permit application. Examples include fire department reviews of applications for entitlement permits required by the jurisdictional planning department, such as, but not limited to: design reviews, design overlay reviews (DOR's), development permit application reviews, "Exhibit 'A'" reviews, planned urban development (PUD) reviews, and preliminary reviews. This fee may be required in addition to fees for other reviews requested for the same project.

b.

Request for review of an application for a coastal development permit (CDP).

c.

Request for review of a proposed vacation of a public road easement.

d.

Request to review an application for a lot-line adjustment and/or lot merger.

e.

Request to review a hydrant water system.

f.

Request for review of a water system plan.

g.

Request to review an application for a conditional use permit (CUP).

h.

Request for review of a revision to a conditional use permit (CUP) application that has previously been approved by the fire department.

i.

Request for review of an appeal to the water appeals board.

j.

Request for review of an application for a change of zone.

k.

Request to review an application for a mobilehome park or special occupancy park, including review of environmental impact reports, new park development or continued use of an existing park.

l.

Request for review of a grading plan for fire lanes and private driveways only.

m.

Request for review of a "Revised Exhibit 'A'". See LACC, Title 22, Chapter 22.184 of the County Code.

n.

Request for a grant of waiver.

o.

"One Stop" advisory counseling/review.

Whenever a review for impact on the fire prevention, natural resources, and/or fire resource allocation responsibilities of the fire department is required as part of the environmental review process, fees may be assessed and/or collected in accordance with the version of the approved Fire-Code Fee Schedule (Appendix QQ of this code) of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County that is in effect at the time of the submittal in question.

When an oak tree report is referred to the fire department for review, pursuant to Los Angeles County Code (LACC), Title 22, Chapter 22.174, a fee shall be paid to the fire department in accordance with the Fire-Code Fee Schedule (Appendix QQ of this code).

401 - GENERAL

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

CROWD MANAGER.

EMERGENCY EVACUATION DRILL.

FIRE WATCH.

LOCKDOWN.

403 - EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS REQUIREMENTS

When more than 200 loose chairs are used in close proximity to, and in connection with, a public assemblage event, the chairs shall be fastened together in groups of not less than three.

Exceptions:

The bonding of chairs shall not be required when tables are provided with the chairs for dining use or similar purposes.

The bonding of chairs shall not be required when the placement and location of such chairs will not obstruct any required exit, or any line of egress toward any required exit and will not constitute a fire hazard as approved by the fire code official.

404 - FIRE SAFETY, EVACUATION AND LOCKDOWN PLANS

Emergency evacuation drills complying with Sections 405.3 through 405.11 shall be conducted not less than annually where fire safety and evacuation plans are required by Section 403 or where required by the fire code official. Lockdown plan drills shall be conducted in accordance with the approved plan. Such drills shall not be substituted for fire and evacuation drills required by Section 405.3. Drills shall be designed in cooperation with the local authorities.

In accordance with Table 405.3 of this code, a fire drill shall be conducted by the fire safety director, or designee using the fire alarm system.

502 - DEFINITIONS

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2.

AGENCY.

AREA OF FIREFIGHTING OPERATIONS.

FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROAD.

FIRE COMMAND CENTER.

FIRE DEPARTMENT MASTER KEY.

FIRE LANE.

KEY BOX.

TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES.

WATER UTILITY.

WATER UTILITY SERVICE AREA.

503 - FIRE APPARATUS ACCESS ROADS

The installation of security gates across a fire apparatus access road shall be approved by the fire code official. Where security gates are installed, they shall have an approved means of emergency operation.

Gates securing the fire apparatus access roads shall comply with all of the following criteria:

Where a single gate is provided, the gate width shall not be less than 20 feet (6096 mm), except on a fire apparatus access roadway approved to be a lesser width, in which case the gate shall not restrict that width. Where a fire apparatus road consists of a divided roadway, the gate width shall be not less than 15 feet (4572 mm) for residential use and 20 feet (6096 mm) for commercial/industrial uses.

Gates shall be of the swinging or sliding type.

Construction of gates shall be of materials that allow manual operation by one person.

Gate components shall be maintained in an operative condition at all times and replaced or repaired when defective.

Electric gates shall be equipped with a means of opening the gate by fire department personnel for emergency access. Emergency opening devices shall be approved by the fire code official.

Methods of locking shall be submitted for approval by the fire code official.

Electric gate operators, where provided, shall be listed in accordance with UL 325.

Gates intended for automatic operation shall be designed, constructed, and installed to comply with the requirements of ASTM F2200.

lots.

Recreational vehicle, mobilehome, and manufactured housing sales lots and storage lots shall provide and maintain fire apparatus access roads in accordance with Section 503.

The enforcing agency for California Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapters 2 and 2.2 shall have authority for approval of roadways in mobilehome parks and special occupancy parks. Mobilehome parks roadway requirements are found in California Code of Regulations, Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2, Article 2, Section 1106, and roadway requirements for special occupancy parks are found in Title 25, Division 1, Chapter 2.2, Article 2, Section 2106. The fire department shall have the authority to require access provisions more stringent than those which are located in CCR Title 25, but at no point more stringent than those which are required in this code, except in accordance with Sections 104.8 through 104.10, or as otherwise allowed by law.

504 - ACCESS TO BUILDING OPENINGS AND ROOFS

Exterior doors and openings required by this code or the California Building Code shall be maintained readily accessible for emergency access by the fire department. An approved access walkway leading from fire apparatus access roads to exterior openings shall be provided where required by the fire code official.

Exception: Single-family dwellings with slopes exceeding 3:1 ratio.

No person shall install any security barrier, visual barrier screen, or other obstruction on the roof of any building in such a manner as to obstruct firefighter ingress or egress in the event of fire or other emergency. Parapets shall not exceed 42 inches (1067 mm) on at least two sides of the building. These sides should face an access roadway or yard sufficient to accommodate ladder operations.

Exceptions:

Where parapets are desired to be taller than 42 inches (1067 mm), the fire code official shall have the authority to approve a platform/catwalk system.

Where a portion of a roof is greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the highest adjacent level of a fire apparatus access road.

505 - PREMISES IDENTIFICATION

Where access to or within a new or existing structure or an area is restricted because of secured openings or where immediate access is necessary for life-saving or fire-fighting purposes, the fire code official is authorized to require an approved key box or other limited-access device to be installed in an approved location. The key box shall be of an approved type listed in accordance with UL 1037, and shall contain keys to gain necessary access as required by the fire code official.

Exception: A key box or other limited-access device is not required for access to the interior of a sleeping unit or dwelling unit.

507 - FIRE PROTECTION WATER SUPPLIES

Aboveground controls and valves for water-based fire protection systems shall comply with Section 901.6.4.

509 - FIRE PROTECTION, UTILITY, AND HAZARDOUS EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION AND ACCESS

Approved access shall be provided and maintained for all fire protection system, utility, and hazardous equipment, as determined by the fire code official, to permit immediate safe operation and maintenance of such equipment, including of required disconnection and/or attenuation means. Storage, trash and other materials or objects shall not be placed or kept in such a manner that would prevent such equipment and means of disconnection and/or attenuation from being readily accessible.

Where multiple sources of the same category of hazard (e.g., categories of electrical hazards, of flammable gas hazards, etc.) serve a single building, required disconnection and/or attenuation means for the sources of each hazard category shall be located together, in a location approved by the fire code official. Where additional and/or remote means are necessary in order to accomplish this requirement, physical disconnection shall be achieved at the source of the hazard itself, such as by use of relay(s). Required disconnection and/or attenuation means for electrical hazards shall be located within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the main service panel, on the same wall plane, and maintained not separated from one another by walls, gates, fences, vegetation, or architectural features of the building.

Exception: The fire code official shall have the authority to allow case-by-case exceptions where site or hazard constraints make a requirement impractical. Where such exceptions are granted, clear, permanent signage shall be provided in all cases. The color, content, number, and medium of the signage shall be as determined by the fire code official.

510 - EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATION COVERAGE

Approved in-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage for emergency responders shall be provided in all new buildings. In-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage within the building shall be based on the existing coverage levels of the public safety communication systems utilized by the jurisdiction, measured at the exterior of the building. This section shall not require improvement of the existing public safety communication systems.

Exceptions:

Where approved by the fire code official, a wired communication system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.2 shall be permitted to be installed or maintained instead of an approved radio coverage, or otherwise-required communication- coverage, system.

Where it is determined by the fire code official that the communication coverage system is not needed. In order to make this determination, the fire code official may require an approved type of evaluation and/or modeling of communication coverage signal strength be conducted, at the expense of the building owner, for new buildings, new portions of buildings, or buildings or portions thereof otherwise triggering the provisions of this code.

In facilities where emergency responder communication coverage is required and such systems, components or equipment required could have a negative impact on the normal operations of that facility, the fire code official shall have the authority to accept an automatically activated emergency responder communication coverage system.

One- and two-family dwellings and townhouses.

No person shall mutilate or remove or destroy any sign or notice posted, or required to be posted, by the fire code official or a duly authorized representative.

603 - ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, WIRING AND HAZARDS

An approved pictorial sign of a standardized design shall be posted adjacent to each elevator call station on all floors instructing occupants to use the exit stairways and not to use the elevators in case of fire. The sign shall read: "IN FIRE EMERGENCY, DO NOT USE ELEVATOR. USE EXIT STAIRS." Letters shall be at least 1-inch (25 mm) high and in contrasting color to the background.

Exceptions:

The emergency sign shall not be required for elevators that are part of an accessible means of egress complying with Section 1009.4.

The emergency sign shall not be required for elevators that are used for occupant self-evacuation in accordance with Section 3008 of the California Building Code.

901 - GENERAL

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

. . .

FIRE SAFETY FUNCTIONS.

FIRE WATCH.

FIXED BASE OPERATOR (FBO).

. . .

903 - AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

Each individual riser must be equipped with an approved indicating valve at its base and an approved valve for draining. Valves controlling water supplies shall be supervised in the open position so that a change in the normal position of the valve will generate a supervisory signal at the supervising station required by Section 903.4. Where a fire alarm system is provided, a signal shall be transmitted to the control unit.

Exceptions:

. . .

Class III standpipes shall be not less than 6 inches (150 mm) in diameter.

906 - PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in all of the following locations.

In new and existing Group A, B, E, F, H, I, L, M, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-2.2, R-3.1, R-4, and S occupancies.

Exception: When approved by the fire code official for Group R-2 occupancies, portable fire extinguishers shall be required only in locations specified in Items 2 through 6 where each dwelling unit is provided with a portable fire extinguisher having a minimum rating of 1-A:10-B:C.

. . .

910 - SMOKE AND HEAT REMOVAL

Fire department connections shall be installed in accordance with the NFPA standard applicable to the system design and shall comply with Sections 912.2 through 912.9.

Fire hose threads used in connection with standpipe systems shall be approved and shall be compatible with fire department hose threads. Standpipes shall be equipped with a listed four-way fire department connection. Systems with three or more standpipes shall be provided with a sufficient number of inlets as required by the fire code official. All fire department connections shall be equipped with an approved straight-way check valve.

A metal sign with raised letters not less than 1 inch (25 mm) in size shall be mounted on all fire department connections and test connections serving automatic sprinklers, standpipes or fire pump connections. In addition to either "FDC" or "TEST CONNECTION", such signs shall read: "AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS" or "STANDPIPES" or a combination thereof as applicable. The sign shall indicate the street addresses of buildings that the fire department connection serves. Where the fire department connection does not serve the entire building, sign(s) shall be provided indicating the portions of the building served. For a system where the pressure required at the inlets to deliver the greatest system demand is greater than 150 psi (1034.21 kPa), the sign shall indicate the required pumping pressure. Signage shall require approval of the fire code official.

Fire department connections shall be periodically inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 5, and the maintenance provisions of this code. Records of inspection, testing and maintenance shall be maintained. Provisions regarding signage, painting, hose threads, physical protection where deemed necessary by the code official, and maintenance of original clear space, shall be retroactive.

Fire department connections shall be maintained painted red on any exposed surfaces subject to rust or corrosion. Coupling threads, operating mechanisms, sight windows, components, or portions of the valve where the application of paint would violate the listing of the valve or hinder its operation shall not be painted.

A fire hose coupling that is part of a fire department connection shall be provided with a protective breakable cap or plug. Missing or damaged breakable caps or plugs shall be replaced.

914 - FIRE PROTECTION BASED ON SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS OF USE AND OCCUPANCY

Where access to or within a structure or an area is restricted because of secured openings or where immediate access is necessary for life-saving or fire-fighting purposes, the fire code official is authorized to require a key box to be installed in an

approved location, in accordance with Section 506. Components of required means of access, which may include gates or similar barriers, or locks or other limited-access devices, shall be maintained in an operative condition at all times and replaced, repaired, or removed when defective.

1203 - EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS

Portable generators shall be grounded in accordance with the California Electrical Code, or when required by the fire code official.

1205 - SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS

Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements shall be provided in accordance with Sections 1205.2.1 through 1205.3.3. Pathways shall be over areas capable of supporting fire fighters accessing the roof. Pathways shall be located in areas with minimal obstructions, such as vent pipes, conduit or mechanical equipment.

Exceptions:

Regulatory note: For bathrooms and occupiable and/or habitable portions of structures, the following list of exceptions shall not apply to portions of roofs where windows or doors with ready access from within, and/or where designated emergency escape and rescue openings, are set back from the roof edge such that occupants would need to cross any portion of the solar array or associated electrical hazard during escape or rescue through the opening, unless determined otherwise by the fire code official.

Considerations of the fire code official in making this determination may include, but not be limited to, the determination of pathways serving each opening; pathway widths of 36 inches (914 mm), up to the full width of the opening where the extent of such pathways cannot be readily determined or visibly indicated; the ability of occupants and fire fighters to recognize or infer those pathways or their extent; the ability for occupants and fire fighters to readily identify, locate, and avoid electrified components therein; the ability of fire fighters to assess the structural integrity of the applicable roof portion(s) without exposing hazards to which occupants would then be exposed during travel across the pathway(s); and the availability, extent, and integrity of other egress, escape, and rescue options and fire protection measures.

Detached, nonhabitable Group U structures including, but not limited to, detached garages serving Group R-3 buildings, parking shade structures, carports, solar trellises and similar structures.

Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements need not be provided where the fire code official has determined that rooftop operations will not be employed.

Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems where the BIPV systems are approved, integrated into the finished roof surface and are listed in accordance with a national test standard developed to address Section 690.12(B)(2) of the California Electrical Code. The removal or cutting away of portions of the BIPV system during fire-fighting operations shall not expose a fire fighter to electrical shock hazards.

Buildings with rapid shutdown solar photovoltaic systems shall have permanent labels in accordance with Sections 1205.4.1 through 1205.4.3, and Section 509, et seq.

Access to a manual shutoff valve shall be provided for the fuel piping within 6 feet (1829 mm) of any fuel storage tank serving the fuel cell and within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the power system. If the fuel tank and the stationary fuel cell power system are less than 12 feet (3658 mm) apart, a single shutoff valve shall be permitted. If the stationary fuel cell power system is located indoors, the shutoff valve shall be located outside of the room in which the system is installed, unless otherwise required by the fire code official. Also see Section 509, et seq.

1207 - ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS (ESS)

Helistops and heliports shall be maintained in accordance with Sections 2007.2 through 2007.11. Helistops and heliports on buildings shall be constructed in accordance with the California Building Code.

Smoking in dry-cleaning plants shall only be within designated smoking rooms. "NO SMOKING" signs shall be posted in rooms containing flammable or combustible liquids. See Section 310.3.

2203 - DUST EXPLOSION PREVENTION

Spray booths and spray rooms shall be protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system complying with Chapter 9. Protection shall extend to exhaust plenums, exhaust ducts, and both sides of dry filters where such filters are used. Spray booths shall be provided with automatic fire sprinkler system protection when the spray booth is located in a portion of a building that is protected with an automatic fire sprinkler system.

2408 - ORGANIC PEROXIDES AND DUAL-COMPONENT COATINGS

Smoking shall be prohibited and "NO SMOKING" signs shall be prominently displayed in compliance with Section 310.3 in areas where organic peroxides are stored, mixed, or applied. Only nonsparking tools shall be used in areas where organic peroxides are stored, mixed or applied.

2504 - SOURCES OF IGNITION

Smoking shall be prohibited in ripening rooms.

2507 - WARNING SIGNS

NO SMOKING signs shall be posted at every entrance, in compliance with Section 310.3.

2603 - FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

AIR-INFLATED STRUCTURE.

AIR-SUPPORTED STRUCTURE.

CROWD MANAGER.

INFLATABLE AMUSEMENT DEVICE.

MEMBRANE STRUCTURE.

SPECIAL AMUSEMENT AREA.

TEMPORARY SPECIAL EVENT STRUCTURE.

TENT.

3104 - TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT TENTS AND MEMBRANE STRUCTURES

Where a helistop; heliport; required low-hover, light-wheel landing site; Emergency Helicopter Landing Facility (EHLF); or other helicopter landing facility is established, no structures, including tents or membrane structures, or uses, shall be allowed to interfere with the necessary and safe operation of the facility. See Section 2007.

3107 - OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Combustible vegetation that could create a fire hazard shall be removed from the area occupied by a tent or membrane structure, and from areas within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of such tent or membrane structures. When a tent or membrane structure is located in a wildfire risk area, combustible vegetation shall be removed from areas within 50 feet (15 240 mm) from such structures or from areas within up to 200 feet (60 960 mm) from such tent or membrane structures when required by the fire code official.

3201 - GENERAL

A permit shall be required as set forth in Sections 105.5 and 105.6. Prior to approval of storage racks, a building permit is required in occupancies regulated by this chapter. Proof of all required permits must be provided to the fire code official upon request. The approved permit must be kept on the premises and be available at all times for inspection by the fire code official.

TABLE 3206.2 GENERAL FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

COMMODITY CLASS SIZE OF HIGH- PILED STORAGE AREA a (square feet) (see Sections 3206.2 and 3206.3) ALL STORAGE AREAS (see Sections 3206, 3207 and 3208) b SOLID-PILED STORAGE, SHELF STORAGE AND PALLETIZED STORAGE (see Section 3207.3) Automatic fire- extinguishing system (see Section 3206.4) Fire detection system (see Section 3206.5) Fire department access doors (see Section 3206.7) Smoke and heat removal (see Section 3206.8) Maximum pile dimension c (feet) Maximum permissible storage height d (feet) Maximum pile volume (cubic feet)

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 m 3 , 1 square foot = 0.0929 m 2 .

a

Where automatic sprinklers are required for reasons other than those in Chapter 32, the portion of the sprinkler system protecting the high-piled storage area shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections 3207 and 3208.

b

For aisles, see Section 3206.10.

c

Piles shall be separated by aisles complying with Section 3206.10.

d

For storage in excess of the height indicated, special fire protection shall be provided in accordance with Note f where required by the fire code official. See Chapters 51 and 57 for special limitations for aerosols and flammable and combustible liquids, respectively.

e

For storage exceeding 30 feet in height, Option 1 shall be used.

f

Special fire protection provisions including, but not limited to, fire protection of exposed steel columns; increased sprinkler density; additional in-rack sprinklers, without associated reductions in ceiling sprinkler density; or fire department hose connections shall be provided where required by the fire code official.

g

Not required where an automatic fire-extinguishing system is designed and installed to protect the high-piled storage area in accordance with Sections 3207 and 3208.

h

Reserved.

i

Not required in frozen food warehouses used solely for storage of Class I and II commodities where protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system.

3206 - GENERAL FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY FEATURES

Where smoke and heat removal is required by Table 3206.2, smoke and heat vents shall be provided in accordance with Section 910.

3302 - DEFINITIONS

Words and terms used in this chapter and defined in Chapter 2 shall have the meanings ascribed to them as defined therein, including:

FIRE WATCH.

3305 - PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE

When required by the fire code official, approved fire hoses with attached nozzles shall be maintained for immediate use at a construction site or a demolition site. Such hoses and nozzles shall be connected to an approved water supply. Where a fire hydrant is permitted to be used as the source of water supply, the fire hose connection to the fire hydrant shall not impede the Fire Department from using the hydrant.

3501 - GENERAL

Hot work shall only be conducted in areas designed or authorized for that purpose by the personnel responsible for a hot work program. Hot work shall not be conducted in the following areas unless approval has been obtained from the fire code official:

. . .

Areas with readily ignitable materials, such as storage of large quantities of bulk sulfur, baled paper, cotton, lint, dust or loose combustible materials, or wildfire risk areas.

. . .

Approved protective devices shall be installed in the fuel gas and oxygen lines to prevent flashback in the fuel system and backflow in the fuel and oxygen system in accordance with nationally recognized safe practices.

3604 - FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

. . .

APPROVED PRODUCTION FACILITY. A new or existing building, portion of a building, group of buildings, studio, or stage altered for use by, or designed and constructed for use by the entertainment industry for the purpose of motion picture, television and commercial production and which has been determined by the fire code official to meet all of the requirements of Sections 4802 through 4811.

COMMERCIAL STILL PHOTOGRAPHY PRODUCTION. Includes all activity attendant to the staging or shooting of commercial still photography production to create single or multiple photographs for sale or use for a commercial purpose.

FIRE SAFETY ADVISOR (FSA). A Fire Safety Advisor is a retired member of the County of Los Angeles Fire Department who is certified as a Fire Safety Advisor. The requirements to become a certified Fire Safety Advisor can be found in Regulation 3 of Chapter 1 of Volume 7 of the Fire Department manuals.

LIVE AUDIENCE STAGE. A production facility, production location, sound stage, or production studio where an audience is present for the recording or streaming of all, or a portion, of a motion picture, television show or commercial.

. . .

4803 - REQUIRED PERMITS

A permit shall be required for:

. . .

f)

Any additional permits, including motion picture, commercial, and television productions, as required by the fire code official as determined in Section 105.5 and 105.6 of this code. See especially, but not exclusively, Section 105.5.54.

Permit fees for permits required by Section 4803.2 and Section 105.5 shall be collected for the issuance of the following permits, in accordance with the currently adopted version of the Fire-Code Fee Schedule (Appendix QQ of this code):

Motion picture, television, commercial, and related productions filming.

Motion picture, television, commercial, and related production filming — fuel-dispensing trucks and vehicles.

Motion picture, television, commercial, and related production filming — pyrotechnics and special effects.

Commercial still-photography production that both: is outside of an approved production facility, and has an on-site cast- and-crew number of 15 or more persons.

Exception: Verified student filming productions and nonprofit 501(c)(3) organizations shall not be subject to a film or still- photography permit fee for the initial issuance of each permit. Permit revisions shall be subject to the permit-revision fee for each applicable permit.

4807 - FIRE SAFETY OFFICERS

Required emergency vehicle access, fire lanes, and existing fire apparatus access roads shall be maintained as per Section 503. Any deviations are subject to approval by the fire code official.

4902 - DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Chapter, certain terms are defined as follows:

. . .

FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES. Geographical areas designated pursuant to California Public Resources Codes, sections 4201 through 4204 and classified as Very High, High, or Moderate in State Responsibility Areas or as Local Agency Very High, High, or Moderate Fire Hazard Severity Zones designated pursuant to California Government Code, sections 51175 through 51189. See Appendix PP for the designations within the County of Los Angeles.

. . .

FIRE PROTECTION PLAN. A document prepared for a specific project or development proposed for a Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fire Area. It describes ways to minimize and mitigate potential for loss from wildfire exposure.

FIRE-RESISTANT VEGETATION. Plants, shrubs, trees and other vegetation that exhibit properties, such as high moisture content, little accumulation of dead vegetation, and low sap or resin content, that make them less likely to ignite, spread flame, or increase the rate of spread in a fire than native vegetation having high oil and resin content.

[Note: The following sources contain examples of types of vegetation that can be considered fire resistant vegetation. (Fire- resistant Plants for Home Landscapes, A Pacific Northwest Extension publication; Home Landscaping for Fire, University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources; Sunset Western Garden Book)]

. . .

FUEL MODIFICATION PLAN. A portion of a fire protection plan that consists of a set of scaled plans that includes a plot plan showing fuel modification zones indicated with applicable assessment notes, a detailed landscape plan, and an irrigation plan. A fuel modification plan submitted for approval shall be prepared by a State-licensed landscape architect, a State- licensed landscape contractor, a landscape designer, or an individual with expertise acceptable to the Forestry Division of the Fire Department.

. . .

(Ord. 2025-0027 § 1, 202.)

4903 - PLANS

The fire code official is authorized to require the owner or owner's authorized agent to provide a fire protection plan. The fire protection plan shall be prepared to determine the acceptability of fire protection and life safety measures designed to mitigate wildfire hazards presented for the property under consideration.

The fire protection plan shall be prepared by a registered design professional, State-licensed landscape architect, State- licensed landscape contractor, landscape designer, qualified fire safety specialist or individual with expertise acceptable to the Forestry Division of the Fire Department and shall analyze the wildfire risk of the building, project, premises or region to recommend necessary changes.

The fire code official is authorized to require a preliminary fire protection plan prior to the submission of a final fire protection plan.

4905 - WILDFIRE PROTECTION BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Within the limits established by law, construction methods intended to mitigate wildfire exposure shall comply with the wildfire protection building construction requirements contained in the applicable California Building Standards Code and Los Angeles County Codes, including the following:

California Building Codes, Chapter 7A.

California Residential Codes, Section R337.

California Referenced Standards Code, Chapter 12-7A.

California Fire Code, CCR Title 24, Part 9.

Los Angeles County Code, Title 32.

4906 - VEGETATION MANAGEMENT

All new plantings of vegetation in Local Responsibility Areas (LRA) designated as a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone and in State Responsibility Areas (SRA) shall comply with Sections 4906.3 through 4906.5.3.

Section 4906 is applicable to all unincorporated portions of Los Angeles County, to all cities that are a part of the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County, and to all cities that contract with the Consolidated Fire Protection District of Los Angeles County for services and adopt Section 4906 as part of their fire code.

(Ord. 2025-0027 § 2, 2025.)

Hazardous vegetation and fuels around all buildings and structures shall be maintained in accordance with the following laws and regulations:

Public Resources Code, Section 4291.

California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Division 1.5, Chapter 7, Subchapter 3, Article 3, Section 1299.03.

California Government Code, Section 51182.

California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 7, Subchapter 1, Section 3.07.

Los Angeles County Code, Title 32, including Section 325.

5001 - GENERAL

The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

. . .

HAZARDOUS WASTE.

HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTROL LAW.

. . .

HEALTH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DIVISION (HHMD).

. . .

UNIFIED PROGRAM.

UNIFIED PROGRAM FACILITY PERMIT.

. . .

WASTE.

5003 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Unless otherwise exempted by the fire code official, visible hazard identification signs as specified in NFPA 704 for the specific material contained shall be placed on stationary containers and aboveground tanks and at entrances to locations where hazardous materials are stored, dispensed, used or handled in quantities requiring a permit and at specific entrances and locations designated by the fire code official. Each building that stores, handles, or dispenses a hazardous material shall be conspicuously posted with the overall occupancy hazard by using the NFPA 704 placard system for any product or waste that has a 3 or higher rating in any category or is a special hazard.

The fire code official is authorized to remove or cause to be removed or disposed of in an approved manner, at the expense of the owner, explosives, explosive materials or fireworks offered or exposed for sale, stored, possessed or used in violation of this chapter. Seizure shall be conducted in accordance with California Health and Safety Code, Division 11, Part 1, Chapter 8, Section 12350, et seq., and Part 2, Chapter 9, Section 12721, et seq.

5608 - FIREWORKS DISPLAY

Fireworks displays, use of pyrotechnics before a proximate audience and pyrotechnic special effects in motion picture, television, theatrical and group entertainment productions shall comply with California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division

1, Chapter 6 Fireworks and this chapter. Additionally, fireworks displays and pyrotechnics before a proximate audience shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 1123 and/or NFPA 1126 for fire and life safety matters not regulated by State law.

5611 - MODEL ROCKETS

Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.5 and California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, including Sections 1025 through 1026.

5612 - EXPERIMENTAL HIGH POWER ROCKETS AND MOTORS

Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.5 and California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, including Sections 1034 through 1035.

5701 - GENERAL

Maintenance and operating practices shall be in accordance with established procedures which will tend to control leakage and unauthorized discharge of flammable or combustible liquids. Spills shall be cleaned up promptly.

Portions of properties where flammable and combustible liquids are received by tank vessels, pipelines, tank cars or tank vehicles and stored, transferred, or blended in bulk for the purpose of distribution by tank vessels, pipelines, tank cars, tank vehicles or containers shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.4.1 through 5706.4.10.4.

. . .

Where one of these forms of protection is provided, the separation shall be not less than 25 feet (7620 mm) between LP-gas container groups.

At LP-gas multicontainer installations, the aggregate capacity of the containers shall be used to determine minimum distances to the buildings or adjoining property lines.

Tank car and tank vehicle bulk loading and unloading stations shall be located not less than 100 feet from buildings, sources of ignition, or adjoining property lines that may be built upon.

Unless special protection is provided and approved by the fire code official, LP-gas containers shall be oriented so that the longitudinal axes do not point toward other LP-gas containers, vital process equipment, control rooms, loading stations, flammable liquid storage tanks, or other special hazards.

6106 - DISPENSING AND OVERFILLING

Dispensing of LP-gas shall be performed by a qualified attendant. Self-service LP-gas dispensing open to the public is prohibited.