Appendix I — INSTALLATION STANDARDS

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

Adopt Entire Chapter as amended (amended sections listed below) Adopt only those sections that are listed below

Chapter/Section

IAPMO IS 26-2019

IAPMO IS 33-2019

TCNA Handbook-2018

This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

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APPENDIX I

INSTALLATION STANDARDS

CONTENTS

Page IAPMO IS 26-2019 ^e2

IAPMO IS 31-2014 ^e2

IAPMO IS 33-2019 ^e1

TCNA Handbook-2018

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"The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard."

The following IAPMO Installation Standard is included here for the convenience of the users of the California Plumb- ing Code . It is not considered as a part of the California Plumbing Code unless formally adopted as such. This Installation Standard is an independent, stand-alone document published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials and is printed herein by the expressed written permission of IAPMO.

TRENCHLESS INSERTION OF POLYETHYLENE (PE) PIPE FOR SEWER LATERALS

IAPMO IS 26-2019 ^e2

The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the adopting ordinance.

1 Scope 1.1 General This standard shall govern the trenchless installation of polyethylene (PE) pipe for use in sanitary and storm sewers. The installed pipe shall comply with the requirements of the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC ^TM ) published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) as to grade and connections to existing pipe and shall also comply with this standard. This standard specifies requirements for the installation of the trenchless insertion of polyethylene (PE) pipe for use in sanitary and storm sewers. 1.2 Terminology In this Standard, (a) “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a

provision that the user is obliged to satisfy to comply with the Standard; (b) “should” is used to express a recommendation,

but not a requirement; (c) “may” is used to express an option or something

permissible within the scope of the Standard; and (d) “can” is used to express a possibility or a capa

ASTM International ASTM D3261 Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing

ASTM F714 Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter

ASTM F894 Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe

ASTM F1055 Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing

ASTM F2620 Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings

3 Abbreviations The following abbreviations apply in this Standard: PE - Polyethylene HDPE - High Density Polyethylene

4 General 4.1 Product Requirements Polyethylene (PE) sewer pipe or tubing and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance

bility.

Notes accompanying sections of the Standard do not specify requirements or alternative requirements; their purpose is to separate explanatory or informative material from the text. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and can be written as requirements.

2 Reference Publications This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the current edition of those publications, including all amendments published thereto.

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with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and comply with ASTM F714, ASTM F894 the applicable nationally recognized standard.

4.2 HDPE Materials HDPE Extra High Molecular Weight 3408 SDR 17 Pipe Socket-Type PE Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled. Note: The HDPE 3408 SDR 17 pipe used in this process was selected because of its ability to retain its circular shape even when bent on a 1.2 m (4 ft) radius during and after installation.

4.3 Protection of Pipe Pipe shall be stored in a way to protect it from mechanical damage (slitting, puncturing, etc.). It shall be stored under cover to keep it clean and avoid long term exposure to sunlight. Exposure to sunlight during normal construction periods is acceptable.

4.4 Joining Methods PE joints shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. PE pipe shall be joined to other pipe materials by an approved listed adapter or transition fittings listed for the specific transition intended. 4.4.1 Butt-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.1] Butt-fusion joints for PE pipe shall be installed in accordance with ASTM F2620 and shall be made by heating the prepared ends of two pipes, pipe and fitting, or two fittings by holding ends against a heated element. The heated element shall be removed when the required melt or times are obtained, and heated ends shall be placed together with applied force. Do not disturb the joint until cooled to ambient temperature. 4.4.2 Electro-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.2] Electro-fusion joints shall be heated internally by a conductor at the interface of the joint. Fittings shall comply with ASTM F1055 for the performance requirements of polyethylene electro-fusion fittings. The specified electro-fusion cycle used to form the joint requires consideration of the properties of the materials being joined, the design of the fitting being used, and the environmental conditions. Align and restrain fitting to pipe to prevent movement and apply electric current to the fitting. Turn off the current when the required time has elapsed to heat the joint. Do not disturb the joint until cooled to ambient temperature. 4.4.3 Socket-Fusion Joints [2021 UPC 705.5.1.3] Socket fusion joints shall be installed in accordance with ASTM F2620 and shall be made by simultaneously heating the outside surface of a pipe end and the inside of a fitting socket. Where the required melt is obtained, the pipe and fitting shall be joined by inserting one into the other with applied force. Do not disturb the joint until cooled to ambient temperature.

Fuse the proper length of polyethylene pipe in accordance with ASTM F2620, or ASTM D3261 and fuse the end to a small length that is attached to the pulling head. A rod pusher cable is pushed through the damaged host pipe and attached to the pulling cable, which is then drawn through the pipe. The clevis end of the cable is attached to the pulling head. The pulling equipment is then set up according to the manufacturer’s instructions. (d) Pulling

cordance with ASTM F2620, or ASTM D3261 and fuse the end to a small length that is attached to the pulling head. A rod pusher cable is pushed through the damaged host pipe and attached to the pulling cable, which is then drawn through the pipe. The clevis end of the cable is attached to the pulling head. The pulling equipment is then set up according to the manufacturer’s instructions. (d) Pulling

Pull the pulling head through. Once the pull is done, complete the connection to the existing piping. 4.6 Cleanouts 4.6.1 Plug Each cleanout fitting for cast-iron pipe shall consist of a cast-iron or brass body and an approved plug. Each cleanout for galvanized wrought-iron, galvanized steel, copper, or brass pipe shall consist of a brass plug as specified in Table 1, or a standard weight brass cap, or an approved ABS or PVC plastic plug, or an approved stainless-steel cleanout or plug. Plugs shall have raised square heads or approved countersunk rectangular slots. 4.6.2 Approved Each cleanout fitting and each cleanout plug, or cap shall be of an approved type.

4.5 Trenchless Installation of Sewers The trenchless installation of sewers will be as follows: (a) Preliminary Steps

(i) Inspect the inside of the sewer line using a camera and recording device to ascertain the line condition. (ii) Mark the details revealed by the video

inspection including:

1. The ground surface to show the location of the lateral tie of the city wye.
2. The line location with an arrow in the street pointing back at the lateral.
3. The property denoting the lateral location.
4. The locations of the proposed excavations. (iii) Obtain utility line identification service con tact information and all applicable permits. (b) Excavation In addition to the above markings, the local utility companies will mark utilities. Considerations are soil density; clearance from obstacles, utilities, and structures; location of bends, and water service locations. Excavations and shoring shall be in accordance with jurisdictional safety requirements. (c) Set Up

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4.6.3 Watertight and Gastight Cleanouts shall be designed to be watertight and gastight.

5 Testing and Inspection Requirements 5.1 Media The piping of the building sewer shall be tested with water. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require the removal of cleanouts, etc., to ascertain whether the pressure has reached all parts of the system.

5.2 Water Test The system shall be tested by plugging the end of the building sewer at its points of connection to the public sewer or private sewage disposal system and completely filling the building sewer with water from the lowest to the highest point thereof.

5.3 Inspections The completed piping shall be internally inspected by camera unless waived by the Administrative Authority.

Note: For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm

Uniform Plumbing Code References

The following sections of the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code apply.

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The following standards from Tables 1701.1 and 1701.2 of the 2021 Uniform Plumbing Code apply.

Table 1701.1 Standards

Table 1701.2 Standards

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"The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard."

The following IAPMO Installation Standard is included here for the convenience of the users of the California Plumb- ing Code . It is not considered as a part of the California Plumbing Code unless formally adopted as such. This Installation Standard is an independent, stand-alone document published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials and is printed herein by the expressed written permission of IAPMO.

INSTALLATION STANDARD FOR PEX TUBING SYSTEMS

FOR HOT- AND COLD-WATER DISTRIBUTION

IAPMO IS 31-2014 ^e2

The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the adopting ordinance.

1.0 Scope. 1.1 General. 1.1.1 This Standard specifies requirements for the installation of SDR 9 CTS crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing and fittings, including cold-expansion, crimp, press, and mechanical compression fittings, intended for hot- and cold-water distribution systems within buildings. 1.1.2 This Standards applies to (a) SDR 9 CTS PEX tubing complying with

ASTM F876 and pressure-rated in accordance with PPI TR-3; and (b) PEX fitting systems complying with

(i) ASTM F877, for mechanical compression fittings and metal or plastic insert fittings with stainless steel press sleeves; (ii) ASTM F1807 or ASTM F2159, for metal

or plastic insert fittings with copper crimp rings; (iii) ASTM F1960, for cold expansion fittings

with PEX reinforced rings; or (iv) ASTM F2080, for cold expansion fittings

their purpose is to separate explanatory or informative material from the text. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and can be written as requirements. 1.3 Amendments. Proposals for amendments to this Standard will be processed in accordance with the standards-writing procedures of IAPMO.

2.0 Reference Publications. This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the current edition of those publications, including all amendments published thereto.

with metal compression sleeves. 1.2 Terminology. In this Standard, (a) “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a

provision that the user is obliged to satisfy to comply with the Standard; (b) “should” is used to express a recommendation,

but not a requirement; (c) “may” is used to express an option or something

permissible within the scope of the Standard; and (d) “can” is used to express a possibility or a capa bility. Notes accompanying sections of the Standard do not specify requirements or alternative requirements;

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ASTM F2159 Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring for SDR9 Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing ASTM F2657 Standard Test Method for Outdoor Weathering Exposure of Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing AWWA C904 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pressure Tubing, ½ In. (12 mm) Through 3 In. (76 mm) for Water Service IAPMO/ ANSI UPC-1 Uniform Plumbing Code PPI TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB), Strength Design Basis (SDB), and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Tubing Materials or Tubing

3.0 Abbreviations. The following abbreviations apply in this Standard:

4.0 General.

4.1 Tubing. 4.1.1 PEX tubing can be (a) pigmented throughout (i.e., with color); (b) non-pigmented (e.g., translucent or natural); or (c) coated with a pigmented layer. 4.1.2 PEX tubing is typically available in NTS- ¹ /4 to NTS3. 4.1.3 Before installation, the installer shall review the tubing markings and verify that (a) the standard designation(s) of the fittings to

which the tube can be joined to is included in the markings; (b) it bears a certification mark from an accredited

certification organization; and (c) pressure and temperature ratings meet or exceed

that of the intended end-use.

4.2 Fittings.

4.2.1 Cold-Expansion Fittings. Cold-expansion fittings typically (a) are made of brass, stainless steel, or sulfone; (b) consist of an insert and a PEX reinforcing ring;

and (c) are available in NTS- ³ ⁄ 8 to NTS-3.

4.2.2 Crimp or Press Insert Fittings. Crimp or press insert fittings typically (a) are made of brass, stainless steel, or sulfone; (b) consist of an insert and a copper crimp ring or

a stainless steel press ring (c) are available in NTS- ³ ⁄ 8 to NTS-2.

4.2.3 Compression Fittings. Compression (i.e., transition) fittings typically (a) are made of brass; and (b) consist of

(i) a nut, a compression ring, and an insert; or (ii) an O-ring brass insert with a compression

sleeve (c) are available in NTS- ¹ ∕ 4 to NTS-3.

4.3 Installation. Only fittings systems marked on the tubing shall be used for installation with that particular tubing.

4.4 Tools. Tools and tool accessories (e.g., tool heads) used for the installation of PEX tubing systems shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and written instructions.

4.5 Tubing Protection.

4.5.1 Abrasion. PEX tubing passing through drilled or notched metal studs or metal joists, or hollow-shell masonry walls shall be protected from abrasion by elastomeric or plastic sleeves or grommets.

4.5.2 Puncture. Steel-plate protection shall be installed in accordance with the local plumbing code.

5.0 Handling.

5.1 Receiving. When receiving PEX tubing shipments, the receiver shall inspect and inventory each shipment, ensuring that there has been no loss or damage. In addition: (a) At the time of unloading, the markings of all

tubing, fittings, and accessories shall be verified to ensure that all items have been manufactured in accordance with the applicable product Standard and appropriately certified.

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(b) An overall examination of the shipment shall be

made. If the shipment is intact, ordinary inspection while unloading shall be sufficient to ensure that the items have arrived in good condition. (c) If the load has shifted, has broken packaging,

or shows evidence of rough treatment, each item shall be carefully inspected for damage. (d) The total quantities of each shipment (e.g., tub ing, gaskets, fittings, and accessories) shall be checked against shipping records. (e) Any damaged or missing items shall be noted

on the delivery slip. The carrier shall be notified immediately and a claim made in accordance with its instructions. (f) No damaged material shall be disposed of. The carrier shall recommend the procedure to follow. (g) Shortages and damaged materials are normally

not reshipped without request. If replacement material is needed, it shall be reordered from the manufacturer, the distributor, or a manufacturer’s representative.

5.2 Storage and UV Exposure. 5.2.1 PEX tubing and fittings shall be stored indoors and in its original packaging until the time of installation. Appropriate precautions to protect the tubing from damage, impact, and punctures shall be taken. 5.2.2 Accumulative exposure time to UV radiation during storage and installation shall not exceed the UV exposure limits recommended by the manufacturer or specified in ASTM F876. Note: ASTM F876 has four categories for UV-resis- tance, ranging from untested to 6 months of contin- uous exposure, as listed in the material designation code.

5.3 Exposure to Heat. 5.3.1 PEX tubing and fittings shall not be exposed to open flames. 5.3.2 PEX tubing shall not be exposed to temperatures exceeding 93ºC (200ºF).

5.4 Exposure to Chemicals. 5.4.1 Chemical compatibility (e.g., with common construction materials) shall be verified with the manufacturer prior to direct contact. 5.4.2 In general, petroleum- or solvent-based chemicals (e.g., paints, greases, pesticides, or sealants) shall not be allowed to come in direct contact with PEX tubing or fittings.

6.0 Thermal Expansion and Contraction.

6.1 Horizontal Tubing Runs. Thermal expansion and contraction forces on suspended horizontal runs of PEX tubing that can expe

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rience a 22ºC (40ºF) or greater change in temperature (operating temperature compared to ambient temperature) shall be controlled by a means of mitigating temperature-induced stresses to other parts of the water distribution system. Means for controlling thermal expansion and contraction include (a) loops; (b) offsets; (c) arms with rigid anchor points; and (d) supporting the tubing with continuous runs of

CTS support channels with (i) rigid anchor points installed every 20 m (65 ft); and (ii) proper strapping (e.g., 27 kg (60 lb) straps

or equivalent) spaced 1 m (3 ft) and rated for the maximum temperature and UV exposure of the PEX tubing application.

6.2 Vertical Tubing Runs. Thermal expansion and contraction forces on vertical runs of PEX tubing that pass through more than one floor and can experience a 22ºC (40ºF) or greater change in temperature (operating temperature compared to ambient temperature) shall be controlled by installing (a) a riser clamp at the top of every other floor; and (b) mid-story guides to maintain the alignment of

the vertical tubing. Note: Installing riser clamps isolates expansion and contraction to two-floor intervals allowing the PEX tubing to naturally compensate for the expan- sion and contraction.

6.3 Clearance. Adequate clearance shall be provided between PEX tubing and the building structure (e.g., using bored holes and sleeves) to allow for free longitudinal movement of the tubing.

6.4 Expansion Arms and Expansion Loops.

6.4.1 Expansion Arms (See Figure 1). 6.4.1.1 Expansion arms shall be installed as illustrated in Figure 1. 6.4.1.2 The minimum length of expansion arms shall be calculated using the following equation:

LB = C × √ ( D × Δ L ) where LB = length of flexible arm C = material constant (12 for PEX) D = nominal outside diameter of tubing Δ L = thermal expansion length

6.4.2 Expansion Loops (See Figure 2). 6.4.2.1 Expansion loops shall be installed at the mid-point between anchors, as illustrated in Figure 2.

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6.4.2.2 The minimum length of expansion loops shall be calculated using the equation in Section 6.4.1.2; however, the distance LB shall be divided into three sections, as illustrated in Figure 2, where L1 = LB ÷ 5; and L2 = L1 × 2

7.0 Hangers and Supports.

7.1 Vertical Tubing. Vertical PEX tubing shall (a) be supported at each floor or as specified by the

water-distribution system designer to allow for expansion and contraction; and (b) have mid-story guides.

7.2 Horizontal Tubing. Unless otherwise authorized by the authority having jurisdiction, suspended horizontal runs of PEX tubing (a) NTS-1 and smaller shall be supported every 0.8

m (32 in), unless continuously supported by metallic CTS or V channels that (i) are supported at intervals not exceeding 1.8 m (6 ft); (ii) have a maximum cantilever, measured

from the support to the end of the CTS support channel, of 0.5 m (1.5 ft); and (b) NTS-1 ¹ ⁄ 4 and larger shall be supported every 1.2

m (4 ft), unless continuously supported by metallic CTS or V channels that (i) are supported at intervals not exceeding 2.4 m (8 ft); and (ii) have a maximum cantilever, measured

from the support to the end of the CTS support channel, of 0.5 m (1.5 ft).

7.3 Anchors. Anchors shall be (a) used to restrict PEX tubing movement; (b) made of materials that provide rigidity to the

support system and utilize pipe clamps designed for plastic tubing capable of restraining the tubing; and (c) installed in accordance with Figures 1 or 2, as

applicable (i.e., anchor distances and size of arms and offsets). Note: Anchors are typically installed every 20 m (65 ft). See Section 6.

8.0 Joints and Connections.

8.1 Assembly Procedure. The procedure for making joints shall be as specified by the manufacturer.

8.2 Concealed Joints. PEX tubing systems manufactured in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Section 2 are deemed manufactured joints and may be installed in concealed spaces without the need for access panels.

9.0 Clearances.

9.1 Gas Vents. Except for double-wall B-vents, which require a 25 mm (1 in) clearance, the clearance between gas appliance vents and PEX tubing shall be at least 150 mm (6 in).

9.2 Recessed Light Fixtures. Except when the PEX tubing is protected with fiberglass or closed-cell insulation or the recessed light is IC-rated, the clearance between recessed light fixtures and PEX tubing shall be at least 300 mm (12 in). 9.3 Fluorescent Lighting. When in direct view of the light source, the clearance between fluorescent lighting and PEX tubing shall be at least 1.5 m (5 ft). If the minimum clearance cannot be achieved, the PEX tubing shall be protected with a UV-blocking sleeve.