Section 2104A

CONSTRUCTION

2104 A .1 Masonry construction. Masonry construction shall comply with the requirements of Sections 2104 A .1.1 through 2104 A .1.3 and with the requirements of either TMS 602 or TMS 604.

21A-4 2022 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

MASONRY

Reinforcement and embedded items shall be sol- idly embedded in grout.

2104A.1.3.4 TMS 602, Article 3.4 D Anchor bolts. Replace TMS 602, Article 3.4 D.3 and add Articles 3.4 D.5 and 3.4 D.6 as follows:

3. Anchor bolts in the wythe or face shells of hollow masonry units shall be positioned to maintain a minimum of ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm) of grout between the bolt circumference, the wythe or the face shell. For the portion of the bolt that is within the grouted cell, maintain a clear distance between the bolt and the face of masonry unit and between the head of the bolt and the formed surface of grout of at least ¹ /4 inch (6.4 mm) when using fine grout and at least ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm) when using coarse grout. Bolts shall be solidly embedded in grout.

5. Bent bar anchor bolts shall not be allowed. The maximum size anchor shall be ¹ /2-inch (13 mm) diameter for 6-inch (152 mm) nominal masonry, 3/4-inch (19 mm) diameter for 8-inch (203 mm) nominal masonry, ⁷ /8-inch (22 mm) diameter for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal masonry, and 1-inch (25 mm) diameter for 12-inch (304.8 mm) nominal masonry.

6. Bolts shall be accurately set with templates or by approved equivalent means and held in place to pre- vent dislocation during grouting.

2104A.1.3.5 TMS 602, Article 3.5 C Grout pour height. Add to TMS 602, Article 3.5 C the following:

1. For grout pours not greater than 4 feet (1219 mm) or 5 feet 4 inches (1651 mm) for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal or wider hollow unit masonry, the top of grout pour shall be at the top of con- structed masonry, or within 8 inches (200 mm) of the top of the constructed masonry. Grout pours not terminated at the top of constructed masonry shall comply with TMS 602, Articles 3.5 C.3.a through 3.5 C.3.e. [OSHPD 1 & 4] After con- struction of each grout lift height of wall, column, pier or beam, masonry cells or cavities shall be inspected prior to placement of grout.

2. Grout pours in excess of 4 feet (1219 mm) or 5 feet 4 inches (1651 mm) for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal or wider hollow unit masonry shall be subject to approval of the enforcement agency.

3. Grout pours in excess of 4 feet (1219 mm) or 5 feet 4 inches (1651 mm) for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal or wider hollow unit masonry shall be subject to the following:

a. Grouting shall be done in a continuous

pour in lifts not exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) or 5 feet 4 inches (1651 mm) for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal or wider hollow unit masonry.

2104 A .1.1 Support on wood. Masonry shall not be supported on wood girders or other forms of wood construction except as permitted in Section 2304.13.

2104 A .1.2 Molded cornices. Unless structural support and anchorage are provided to resist the overturning moment, the center of gravity of projecting masonry or molded cornices shall lie within the middle one-third of the supporting wall. Terra cotta and metal cornices shall be provided with a structural frame of approved noncombustible material anchored in an approved manner.

2104A.1.3 Reinforced grouted masonry.

2104A.1.3.1 TMS 602, Article 3.2 F Cleanouts. Replace TMS 602, Article 3.2 F with the following:

1. Cleanout openings in hollow unit masonry shall be provided in every cell at the bottom of each pour of grout. Alternatively, if the course at the bottom of the pour is constructed entirely of inverted double open-end bond beam units, clea- nout openings need only be provided for access to every reinforced cell at the bottom of each pour of grout.

2. Cleanouts in multi-wythe masonry shall be pro- vided for each pour by leaving out every other unit in the bottom wythe of the section being poured or by cleanout openings in the founda- tion.

3. The foundation or other horizontal construction joints at the cleanouts shall be cleaned of all loose material and mortar droppings before each pour. The cleanouts shall be sealed after inspec- tion and before grouting.

2104A.1.3.2 TMS 602, Article 3.3 B Placing mortar and units. Modify TMS 602, Article 3.3 B.2.c as follows:

c. Remove masonry protrusions extending greater

than ¹ /4 inch ( 6.4 mm) into cells or cavities to be grouted.

2104A.1.3.3 TMS 602, Article 3.4 B Reinforcement. Modify TMS 602, Article 3.4 B.1 and Article 3.4 B.3 as follows:

1. Support reinforcement to prevent displacement caused by construction loads or by placement of grout or mortar, beyond the allowable tolerances. Reinforcement and embedded items shall be clean, properly positioned and securely anchored against moving prior to grouting.

2. Maintain a clear distance between reinforcing bars and the interior of masonry unit or formed surface of at least ¹ /4 inch (6.4 mm) for fine grout and ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm) for coarse grout, and the space between masonry unit surfaces and rein- forcement shall be a minimum of one bar diame- ter, except where cross webs of hollow units are used as supports for horizontal reinforcement.

istance between reinforcing bars and the interior of masonry unit or formed surface of at least ¹ /4 inch (6.4 mm) for fine grout and ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm) for coarse grout, and the space between masonry unit surfaces and rein- forcement shall be a minimum of one bar diame- ter, except where cross webs of hollow units are used as supports for horizontal reinforcement.

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

MASONRY

used that there will be no deleterious effect on the strength of the grout.

2104A.1.3.10 Reinforced grouted multi-wythe masonry.

2104A.1.3.10.1 General. Reinforced grouted multi- wythe masonry is that form of composite construc- tion made with clay or shale brick or made with solid concrete building brick in which interior spaces of masonry are filled by pouring grout around rein- forcement therein as the work progresses.

2104A.1.3.10.2 TMS 402, Section 5.1.4.2.2 Masonry headers. Replace TMS 402, Section 5.1.4.2.2 as follows:

5.1.4.2.2 Masonry headers shall not project into the grout space and shall not be permitted to bond wythes of masonry.

2104A.1.3.10.3 TMS 602, Article 3.3 B.5 Placing masonry units – Solid units. Add the following to TMS 602, Article 3.3 B.5:

d. Toothing of masonry walls is prohibited.

Racking is to be held to a minimum.

2104A.1.3.10.4 TMS 602, Article 3.4 C.2 Wall ties. Replace TMS 602, Article 3.4 C.2 as follows:

2. The two wythes shall be bonded together with wall ties. Ties shall not be less than No. 9 (W1.7) wire in the form of rectangles 4 inches (102 mm) wide and 2 inches (51 mm) in length less than the overall wall thickness. Kinks, water drips or deformations shall not be per- mitted in the ties. One wythe of the wall shall be built up not more than 16 inches (406 mm) ahead of the other wythe. Ties shall be laid not to exceed 24 inches (610 mm) on center hori- zontally and 16 inches (406 mm) on center vertically for running bond, and not more than 24 inches (610 mm) on center horizontally and 12 inches (305 mm) on center vertically for stack bond.

2104A.1.3.10.5 TMS 602, Article 3.5 B Confine- ment. Add the following to TMS 602, Article 3.5 B:

1. Vertical grout barriers or dams of solid masonry shall be built across the grout space the entire height of the wall to control the flow of the grout horizontally. Grout barriers shall be spaced not more than 30 feet (9144 mm) apart.

2104A.1.3.10.6 TMS 602, Article 3.5 C Grout pour height. Add the following to TMS 602, Article 3.5 C:

4. The minimum clear width of grout space for multi-wythe masonry for pours not exceeding 4 feet (1.2 m) shall be 2 ¹ /2 inches (64 mm). The clear width of grout space for pours exceeding 4 feet (1.2 m) shall be a minimum of 3 ¹ /2 inches (89 mm).

b. An approved admixture of a type that

reduces early water loss and produces an expansive action shall be used.

c. The grouting of any section of wall shall be

completed in one day with no interruptions greater than one hour.

d. For multiple grout lifts within a grout pour,

each grout lift height of wall, column, pier or beam shall be inspected before place- ment of additional units.

e. Cleanout openings shall be provided at the

bottom of each pour of grout.

2104A.1.3.6 TMS 602, Article 3.5 D Grout lift height. Modify TMS 602, Article 3.5 D as follows:

3. In no case shall lifts exceed 4 feet (1219 mm) in height.

Exception: The 4 feet (1219 mm) maximum lift height may be increased to 5 feet 4 inches (1625.6 mm) for 10-inch (254 mm) nominal and larger hollow-unit masonry.

2104A.1.3.7 TMS 602, Article 3.5 E Consolidation. Modify TMS 602, Article 3.5 E.1.b as follows:

b. Consolidate pours exceeding 12 inch (305 mm)

in height by mechanical vibration, and reconsolidate by mechanical vibration after initial water loss and settlement has occurred, but before plas- ticity is lost.

2104A.1.3.8 TMS 602, Article 3.5 F.1 Grout key. Replace TMS 602, Article 3.5 F.1 as follows:

1. Between grout pours or where grouting has been stopped more than an hour, a horizontal con- struction joint shall be formed by terminating grout a minimum of 1 ¹ /2 inches (38 mm) below a mortar joint, except at the top of the wall. Where bond beams occur, the grout pour shall be termi- nated a minimum of ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm) below the mortar joint. Horizontal reinforcement shall be placed in bond beam units with a minimum grout cover of 1 inch (25 mm) above reinforcing steel for each grout pour.

2104A.1.3.9 TMS 602, Article 3.5 Grout placement. Add the following to TMS 602, Article 3.5:

3.5 I. Additional grouting requirements:

1. Grout shall be placed by pumping or an approved alternate method before initial set of hardening occurs.

2. Grout shall be placed so that all spaces to be grouted do not contain voids.

3. Grout shall not be handled nor pumped utilizing aluminum equipment unless it can be demon- strated with the materials and equipment to be

21A-6 2022 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

Copyright © 2022 by, or licensed to, International Code Council, Inc. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED); licensed to California Building Standards Commission pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions is authorized. Any unauthorized reproduction or distribution is a violation of the federal copyright act and the license agreement, and subject to civil and criminal penalties thereunder.

MASONRY

prism test method in accordance with TMS 602, Article 1.4 B.3. Verification of compliance with the specified com- pressive strength prior to the start of construction shall be obtained by using the prism test method in accordance with TMS 602, Article 1.4 B.3.