CRC · California Residential Code

Which CRC sections cover photovoltaic (PV) systems and how do they reference the California Electrical Code?

The CRC treats photovoltaic systems under Section R329. The key rule is **§ R329.3**, which requires PV systems to meet the CRC’s R329 requirements (equipment listing, structural and rooftop siting rules) while explicitly requiring that the *electrical portion* of PV installations be designed and installed per the California Electrical Code.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires

  • The California Residential Code (CRC) treats solar energy systems under Section R329; the general rule is in § R329.1.
  • The CRC’s photovoltaic rule, § R329.3, says Photovoltaic (PV) systems must be designed and installed per the CRC provisions (R329.3.1–R329.8.1) and the manufacturer’s instructions — and it explicitly defers the electrical portion of PV systems to the California Electrical Code. § R329.3.

The single most important rule: PV systems must meet the CRC’s R329 requirements, but the electrical design and wiring are required to follow the California Electrical Code.

Requirements in detail

Scope and the CEC reference

  • § R329.1 establishes that solar energy systems comply with Section R329.
  • § R329.3 (Photovoltaic systems) requires PV systems to follow R329.3.1 through R329.8.1 and manufacturers’ instructions, and states: “The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code.” § R329.3.

Equipment and listings

  • PV panels/modules and inverters must be listed and labeled to the standards named in § R329.3.1 (UL 1703 / UL 61730 / UL 1741 as applicable). The code cites these listing requirements but does not restate the electrical wiring rules (those are in the CEC).

Rooftop and siting rules (summary of relevant R329 subsections)

  • Rooftop PV design/installation details (structural loads, fire classification, roof penetrations) are handled in § R329.4 and related subsections. The CRC requires structural design per Chapter 3 and Chapter 8.
  • Roof access, pathways, setbacks, and firefighter access rules are in § R329.6.
  • Ground‑mounted arrays and spacing are covered in § R329.8.

Decision‑relevant dimensions / values

Dimension / value Application / when it matters Code Reference
Electrical portion: CEC All electrical design, wiring, conductor routing, disconnects, grounding, etc. § R329.3
Equipment listing Panels, modules, inverters, mounts must be listed per the named UL standards § R329.3.1
18‑inch and 36‑inch ridge setbacks Arrays ≤ 33% of roof area: 18‑inch clear setback each side of ridge; arrays > 33%: 36‑inch setback. Alternative sprinkler thresholds change percentages to 66%. § R329.6.2 & § R329.6.2.1
36 inches (914 mm) Minimum width of a pathway to an emergency escape/rescue opening on a dwelling roof § R329.6.3
10 feet (3048 mm) Clear brush‑free area required for ground‑mounted arrays § R329.8.2
BIPV slope — 2:12 or greater BIPV roof panels allowed only on slopes ≥ 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal § R905.16.2

(Each value above appears in the R329 and related CRC subsections cited.)

Exceptions & special cases

  • Automatic sprinkler systems in the dwelling change the ridge setback thresholds (see § R329.6.2.1).
  • Building‑integrated PV (BIPV) that are UL‑listed under specific standards (UL 3741) may be treated differently for firefighter ladder placement and removal/cutting during firefighting — see the BIPV exception in § R329.6.4.
  • Elevated PV support structures are treated as roofs for story and separation calculations; separate rules apply depending on whether panels are over open‑grid framing or a roof assembly (see § R329.7 and its subsections).
  • The CRC expressly defers all electrical installation requirements (method of wiring, conduit fill, overcurrent protection, disconnecting means, grounding, labeling, etc.) to the California Electrical Code; the CRC does not duplicate CEC wiring detail. § R329.3.

If you need a specific CEC rule (for example, location/type of PV DC/AC disconnects, conduit types for DC runs, or marking/labeling language), consult the California Electrical Code — those details are not restated in the CRC sections cited above.

Common mistakes

  • Thinking the CRC contains the wiring rules: it doesn’t — § R329.3 defers the electrical portion to the California Electrical Code. Check the CEC for conductor sizing, disconnects, and overcurrent protection.
  • Forgetting equipment listing requirements (panels, inverters, mounts): CRC requires listed equipment per § R329.3.1.
  • Miscalculating roof‑area percentages when determining ridge setbacks (use plan‑view total roof area and compare array area to that total per § R329.6.2).
  • Overlooking BIPV special handling for firefighter safety — if the BIPV is UL‑listed per UL 3741, some access/pathway rules may not apply. § R329.6.4.

Worked example — concrete scenario

Scenario: A single‑family dwelling has a roof plan area of 2,000 ft². The proposed PV array covers 800 ft² (40% of plan‑view roof area). There is no automatic sprinkler system in the house.

  1. Which ridge setback applies?
    • The array occupies 40% (> 33%), so the required clear setback at both sides of a horizontal ridge is 36 inches. See § R329.6.2.
  2. Firefighter access / pathways:
    • If the array would be placed below an emergency escape opening, a 36‑inch wide pathway must be provided to that opening per § R329.6.3.
  3. Equipment & electrical work:
    • Panels and inverters must be listed per § R329.3.1; the electrical design (conductor sizing, DC/AC disconnect locations, grounding) must follow the California Electrical Code per § R329.3. Before permitting, submit equipment listing info and ensure the electrician references CEC requirements.

If the same house had an automatic sprinkler system, the alternative setback thresholds in § R329.6.2.1 would apply and might allow the smaller 18‑inch setback up to a higher percentage of array coverage; check that subsection for the alternative criteria.

Related provisions (CRC) — quick list

  • § R329.1 — General (solar energy systems must comply with Section R329).
  • § R329.3 — Photovoltaic systems; defers electrical portion to the California Electrical Code.
  • § R329.3.1 — Equipment listing and labeling requirements for PV components.
  • § R329.4 — Rooftop‑mounted PV systems (structural, fire classification, roof penetrations).
  • § R329.5 — Building‑integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems rules.
  • § R329.6 — Roof access, pathways, setbacks (including ridge setback percentages and pathway widths).
  • § R329.7 — Elevated PV support structures.
  • § R329.8 — Ground‑mounted PV systems (design, clearances).
  • § R905.16 — BIPV roof panel installation rules (attachment, slope, listing).
  • § R907.1 — Rooftop‑mounted PV must be designed per Section R329 and the California Electrical Code (another statutory cross‑reference).

(For electrical specifics — conduit types, conductor ampacities, DC combiner box requirements, disconnect wording and labeling — consult the California Electrical Code; the CRC sections above deliberately defer these requirements to the CEC. § R329.3.)

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Residential Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CRC § 1.3 High relevance — show source text

    R328.1.3 Interior doors. Effective July 1, 2024, at least one bathroom and one bedroom on the entry level shall provide a doorway with a net clear opening of not less than 32 inches (812.8 mm), measured with the door positioned at an angle of 90 degrees from the closed position; or, in the case of a two- or three-story single family dwelling, on the second or third floor of the dwelling if a bathroom or bedroom is not located on the entry level.

    R328.1.4 Doorbell buttons. Doorbell buttons or controls, when installed, shall not exceed 48 inches (1219.2 mm) above exterior floor or landing, measured from the top of the doorbell button assembly. Where doorbell buttons integrated with other features are required to be installed above 48 inches (1219.2 mm) measured from the exterior floor or landing, a standard doorbell button or control shall also be provided at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1219.2 mm) above exterior floor or landing, measured from the top of the doorbell button or control.

    SECTION R329—SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS

    R329.1 General. Solar energy systems shall comply with the provisions of this section.

    R329.2 Solar thermal systems. Solar thermal systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Plumbing Code and the California Fire Code.

    R329.3 Photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic ( PV ) systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections R329.3.1 through R329.8.1 and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

    R329.3.1 Equipment listings. Photovoltaic panels and modules shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Inverters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1741. Systems connected to the utility grid shall use inverters listed for utility interaction. Mounting systems listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2703 shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and their listings. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) roof coverings and BIPV roof assemblies shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 7103.

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    R329.4 Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic systems. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems installed on or above the roof covering shall be designed and installed in accordance with this section.

    R329.4.1 Structural requirements. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed to structurally support the system and withstand applicable gravity loads in accordance with Chapter 3. The roof on which these systems are installed shall be designed and constructed to support the loads imposed by such systems in accordance with Chapter 8.

  • CRC § 1.1.1 High relevance — show source text

    _ 3. Shower enclosures that do not permit installation of reinforcement and/or grab bars shall be permitted, provided rein- forcement for installation of floor-mounted grab bars or an alternate method is approved by the enforcing agency. 4. Bathtubs with no surrounding walls, or where wall panels do not permit the installation of reinforcement shall be permit- ted, provided reinforcement for installation of floor-mounted grab bars adjacent to the bathtub or an alternate method is approved by the enforcing agency. 5. Reinforcement of floors shall not be required for bathtubs and water closets installed on concrete slab floors.

    R328.1.1.1 Documentation for grab bar reinforcement. Information and/or drawings identifying the location of grab bar rein- forcement shall be placed in the operation and maintenance manual in accordance with the California Green Building Standards Code, Chapter 4, Division 4.4.

    R328.1.2 Electrical receptacle outlet, switch and control heights. Electrical receptacle outlets, switches and controls (including controls for heating, ventilation and air conditioning) intended to be used by occupants shall be located no more than 48 inches (1219.2 mm) measured from the top of the outlet box and not less than 15 inches (381 mm) measured from the bottom of the outlet box above the finish floor.

    Exceptions: 1. Dedicated receptacle outlets; floor receptacle outlets; controls mounted on ceiling fans and ceiling lights; and controls located on appliances. 2. Receptacle outlets required by the California Electrical Code on a wall space where the distance between the finished floor and a built-in feature above the finish floor, such as a window, is less than 15 inches (381 mm).

    R328.1.3 Interior doors. Effective July 1, 2024, at least one bathroom and one bedroom on the entry level shall provide a doorway with a net clear opening of not less than 32 inches (812.8 mm), measured with the door positioned at an angle of 90 degrees from the closed position; or, in the case of a two- or three-story single family dwelling, on the second or third floor of the dwelling if a bathroom or bedroom is not located on the entry level.

    R328.1.4 Doorbell buttons. Doorbell buttons or controls, when installed, shall not exceed 48 inches (1219.2 mm) above exterior floor or landing, measured from the top of the doorbell button assembly. Where doorbell buttons integrated with other features are required to be installed above 48 inches (1219.2 mm) measured from the exterior floor or landing, a standard doorbell button or control shall also be provided at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1219.2 mm) above exterior floor or landing, measured from the top of the doorbell button or control.

    SECTION R329—SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS

    R329.1 General. Solar energy systems shall comply with the provisions of this section.

    R329.2 Solar thermal systems. Solar thermal systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Plumbing Code and the California Fire Code.

    R329.3 Photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic ( PV ) systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections R329.3.1 through R329.8.1 and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

  • CRC § 4.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION R907—ROOFTOP-MOUNTED PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL SYSTEMS

    R907.1 Rooftop-mounted (PV) photovoltaic panel systems. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section R329 and the California Electrical Code .

    R907.2 Fire classification. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall have the fire classification as required by Section R902.4.

    R907.3 Installation. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    R907.4 Photovoltaic panels and modules. Photovoltaic panel systems mounted on top of a roof shall be listed and labeled in accor- dance with UL 2703 and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    R907.5 Fire safety provisions for photovoltaic panel system. Solar photovoltaic panel systems installed upon a roof or as an integral part of a roof assembly shall comply with the requirements of this code and the California Fire Code.

    SECTION R908—REROOFING

    R908.1 General. Materials and methods of application used for recovering or replacing an existing roof covering shall comply with the requirements of this chapter.

    Exceptions:

    1. Reroofing shall not be required to meet the minimum design slope requirement of one-quarter unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (2-percent slope) in Section R905 for roofs that provide positive roof drainage.
    2. For roofs that provide positive drainage, recovering or replacing an existing roof covering shall not require the secondary (emergency overflow) drains or scuppers of Section R903.4.1 to be added to an existing roof.

    R908.2 Structural and construction loads. The structural roof components shall be capable of supporting the roof covering system and the material and equipment loads that will be encountered during installation of the roof covering system.

    R908.3 Roof replacement. Roof replacement shall include the removal of existing layers of roof coverings down to the roof deck.

    Exceptions:

    1. Where the existing roof assembly includes an ice barrier membrane that is adhered to the roof deck and the existing sheathing is not water soaked or deteriorated to the point that it is not adequate as a base for additional roofing, the existing ice barrier membrane shall be permitted to remain in place and covered with an additional layer of ice barrier membrane in accordance with Section R905 where permitted by the roof covering manufacturer and new ice barrier underlayment manufacturer.
    2. Where the existing roof includes a self-adhered underlayment and the existing sheathing is not water soaked or deteriorated to the point that it is not adequate as a base for additional roofing, the existing self-adhered underlayment shall be

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    ROOF ASSEMBLIES

    permitted to remain in place and covered with an underlayment complying with Table R905.1.1(1), Table R905.1.1(2) and Table R905.1.1(3). 3.

  • CRC § 12-5 High relevance — show source text

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    ENERGY SYSTEMS

    1203.5.1 Group I-2 and ambulatory care facilities. In Group I-2 occupancies and ambulatory care facilities, emergency and standby power systems shall be inspected and tested under load in accordance with NFPA 99.

    1203.5.2 Transfer switch test. The test of the transfer switch shall consist of electrically operating the transfer switch from the normal position to the alternate position and then return to the normal position.

    1203.6 Supervision of maintenance and testing. Routine maintenance, inspection and operational testing shall be overseen by a properly instructed individual.

    SECTION 1204—PORTABLE GENERATORS

    1204.1 Portable generators. The use, operation and maintenance of portable generators shall comply with this section.

    1204.2 Listing. Portable generators manufactured after January 1, 2021, shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2201.

    1204.3 Operation and maintenance. Portable generators shall be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

    1204.4 Grounding. Portable generators shall be grounded in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

    1204.5 Operating locations. Portable generators shall be operated only outdoors a minimum of 5 feet (1524 mm) from any building openings such as windows and doors or air intakes. Portable generators shall not be operated within buildings or enclosed areas. Additional separation shall be provided for tents, membrane structures and outdoor assembly events as specified in Chapter 31.

    1204.6 Cords and wiring. Extension cords and temporary wiring used to connect portable generators shall be in accordance with Section 603 and shall be provided with GFCI protection.

    1204.7 Connections to premise wiring. Connections to a premise wiring system shall comply with all of the following:

    1. Power shall not be provided in a manner that “back-feeds” receptacles or the premise wiring system.

    2. Connection to a premise served by commercial power shall be made through a listed transfer switch installed, used and maintained in accordance with the California Electrical Code .

    3. Connections to buildings not served by commercial power shall comply with the California Electrical Code .

    1204.8 Refueling. Portable generators shall not be refueled while operating.

    1204.9 Storage and repair. Storage and repair of fuel-fired portable generators shall comply with Section 313.

    1204.10 Fire extinguisher. A listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 with a minimum rating of 2-A:20-B:C shall be provided not more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the portable generator.

    SECTION 1205—SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS

    1205.1 General. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems shall be installed in accordance with the California Building Code or California Resi- dential Code . The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code . Rooftopmounted solar photovoltaic systems shall be installed in accordance with Sections 1205.2 through 1205.4.3. Ground-mounted solar photovoltaic systems shall comply with Section 1205.5.

  • CRC § 3.1 High relevance — show source text

    R329.3 Photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic ( PV ) systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections R329.3.1 through R329.8.1 and the manufacturer’s installation instructions. The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

    R329.3.1 Equipment listings. Photovoltaic panels and modules shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Inverters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1741. Systems connected to the utility grid shall use inverters listed for utility interaction. Mounting systems listed and labeled in accordance with UL 2703 shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and their listings. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) roof coverings and BIPV roof assemblies shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 7103.

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    R329.4 Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic systems. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems installed on or above the roof covering shall be designed and installed in accordance with this section.

    R329.4.1 Structural requirements. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed to structurally support the system and withstand applicable gravity loads in accordance with Chapter 3. The roof on which these systems are installed shall be designed and constructed to support the loads imposed by such systems in accordance with Chapter 8.

    R329.4.1.1 Roof load. Portions of roof structures not covered with photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed for dead loads and roof loads in accordance with Sections R301.4 and R301.6. Portions of roof structures covered with photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed for the following load cases:

    1. Dead load (including photovoltaic panel weight) plus snow load in accordance with Table R301.2.
    2. Dead load (excluding photovoltaic panel weight) plus roof live load or snow load, whichever is greater, in accordance with Section R301.6.

    R329.4.1.2 Wind load. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel or module systems and their supports shall be designed and installed to resist the component and cladding loads specified in Table R301.2.1(1), adjusted for height and exposure in accordance with Table R301.2.1(2).

    R329.4.2 Fire classification. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall have the same fire classification as the roof assembly required in Section R902.

    R329.4.3 Roof penetrations. Roof penetrations shall be flashed and sealed in accordance with Chapter 9.

    R329.5 Building-integrated photovoltaic systems. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections R329.5.1 through R329.5.2.

    R329.5.1 BIPV roofing systems. BIPV roofing systems shall comply with Section R905.15. BIPV roof panels shall comply with Section R905.16.

    R329.5.1.1 Fire classification. Building-integrated photovoltaic systems shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section R902.3.

  • CRC § 1204.6 High relevance — show source text

    1204.6 Cords and wiring. Extension cords and temporary wiring used to connect portable generators shall be in accordance with Section 603 and shall be provided with GFCI protection.

    1204.7 Connections to premise wiring. Connections to a premise wiring system shall comply with all of the following:

    1. Power shall not be provided in a manner that “back-feeds” receptacles or the premise wiring system.

    2. Connection to a premise served by commercial power shall be made through a listed transfer switch installed, used and maintained in accordance with the California Electrical Code .

    3. Connections to buildings not served by commercial power shall comply with the California Electrical Code .

    1204.8 Refueling. Portable generators shall not be refueled while operating.

    1204.9 Storage and repair. Storage and repair of fuel-fired portable generators shall comply with Section 313.

    1204.10 Fire extinguisher. A listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 with a minimum rating of 2-A:20-B:C shall be provided not more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the portable generator.

    SECTION 1205—SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS

    1205.1 General. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems shall be installed in accordance with the California Building Code or California Resi- dential Code . The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code . Rooftopmounted solar photovoltaic systems shall be installed in accordance with Sections 1205.2 through 1205.4.3. Ground-mounted solar photovoltaic systems shall comply with Section 1205.5.

    1205.2 Access and pathways. Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements shall be provided in accordance with Sections 1205.2.1 through 1205.3.3. Pathways shall be over areas capable of supporting firefighters accessing the roof. Pathways shall be located in areas with minimal obstructions, such as vent pipes, conduit or mechanical equipment.

    Exceptions:

    1. Detached, nonhabitable Group U structures including, but not limited to, detached garages serving Group R-3 buildings, parking shade structures, carports, solar trellises and similar structures.
    2. Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements need not be provided where the fire code official has determined that rooftop operations will not be employed.
    3. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems where the BIPV systems are approved, integrated into the finished roof surface and are listed in accordance with UL 3741. The removal or cutting away of portions of the BIPV system during firefighting operations shall not expose a firefighter to electrical shock hazards.

    1205.2.1 Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for Group R-3 buildings. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for Group R-3 buildings shall comply with Sections 1205.2.1.1 through 1205.2.3.

    Exceptions:

    1. These requirements shall not apply to structures designed and constructed in accordance with the California Residen- tial Code .

    2. These requirements shall not apply to roofs with slopes of 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (16.7-percent slope) or less.

  • CRC § 16.6 High relevance — show source text

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    ROOF ASSEMBLIES

    R905.16.6 Attachment. BIPV roof panels shall be attached in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    R905.16.7 Wind resistance of BIPV roof panels. BIPV roof panels shall be tested in accordance with UL 7103 and installed to resist the component and cladding loads specified in Table R301.2.1(1), adjusted for height and exposure in accordance with Table R301.2.1(2).

    SECTION R906—ROOF INSULATION

    R906.1 General. Where above-deck thermal insulation is installed, such insulation shall be covered with an approved roof covering and shall comply with NFPA 276 or UL 1256.

    R906.2 Material standards. Above-deck thermal insulation board shall comply with the standards in Table R906.2.

    TABLE R906.2—MATERIAL STANDARDS FOR ROOF INSULATION Col2
    MATERIAL STANDARD
    Cellular glass board ASTM C552or ASTM C1902
    Composite boards ASTM C1289, Type III, IV, V or VI
    Expanded polystyrene ASTM C578
    Extruded polystyrene board ASTM C578
    Fiber-reinforced gypsum board ASTM C1278
    Glass-faced gypsum board ASTM C1177
    Mineral wool board ASTM C726
    Perlite board ASTM C728
    Polyisocyanurate board ASTM C1289, Type I or II
    Wood fiberboard ASTM C208

    SECTION R907—ROOFTOP-MOUNTED PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL SYSTEMS

    R907.1 Rooftop-mounted (PV) photovoltaic panel systems. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section R329 and the California Electrical Code .

    R907.2 Fire classification. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall have the fire classification as required by Section R902.4.

    R907.3 Installation. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    R907.4 Photovoltaic panels and modules. Photovoltaic panel systems mounted on top of a roof shall be listed and labeled in accor- dance with UL 2703 and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    R907.5 Fire safety provisions for photovoltaic panel system. Solar photovoltaic panel systems installed upon a roof or as an integral part of a roof assembly shall comply with the requirements of this code and the California Fire Code.

    SECTION R908—REROOFING

    R908.1 General. Materials and methods of application used for recovering or replacing an existing roof covering shall comply with the requirements of this chapter.

  • CRC § 3-75 High relevance — show source text

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    BUILDING PLANNING

    R329.6.4 Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Where building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems are installed in a manner creating areas with electrical hazards that are hidden from view, markings shall be provided to identify the hazardous areas to avoid for ladder placement. The markings shall be reflective and be visible from grade beneath the eaves or other location approved by the fire code official.

    Exception: BIPV systems listed in accordance with UL 3741, where the removal or cutting away of portions of the BIPV system during firefighting operations have been determined to not expose a firefighter to electrical shock hazards.

    R329.7 Elevated photovoltaic (PV) support structures. Elevated PV support structures used as an accessory structure shall comply with either Section R329.7.1 or R329.7.2. Elevated PV support structures shall be considered a roof for the purposes of establishing the number of stories and fire separation distances.

    Exception : Elevated PV support structures that are installed over agricultural use.

    R329.7.1 PV panels installed over open-grid framing or noncombustible deck. Elevated PV support structures with PV panels installed over open-grid framing or over a noncombustible deck shall have PV panels tested, listed and labeled with a fire type rating in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Photovoltaic panels marked “not fire rated” shall not be installed on elevated PV support structures.

    R329.7.2 PV panels installed over a roof assembly. Elevated PV support structures with a PV panel system installed over a roof assembly shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section R902.4 and Section R329.4.

    R329.8 Ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems. Ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section R301.

    R329.8.1 Fire separation distances. Ground-mounted photovoltaic systems shall be subject to the fire separation distance requirements determined by the enforcing agency.

    R329.8.2 Ground-mounted photovoltaic arrays. Ground mounted photovoltaic arrays shall comply with this section and the Cali- fornia Electrical Code. Setback requirements shall not apply to ground-mounted, free-standing photovoltaic arrays. A clear, brush- free area of 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be required for ground-mounted photovoltaic arrays.

    R329.8.3 Locations of DC conductors. Conduit, wiring systems and raceways for photovoltaic circuits shall be located as close as possible to the ridge or hip or valley and from the hip or valley as directly as possible to an outside wall to reduce trip hazards and maximize ventilation opportunities. Conduit runs between sub arrays and to DC combiner boxes shall be installed in a manner that minimizes the total amount of conduit on the roof by taking the shortest path from the array to the DC combiner box. The DC combiner boxes shall be located such that conduit runs are minimized in the pathways between arrays. DC wiring shall be installed in metallic conduit or raceways when located within enclosed spaces in a building. Conduit shall run along the bottom of load bearing members.

    SECTION R330—ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS

  • CRC § 2.2 High relevance — show source text

    Design criteria R301.1, R301.2.2, R301.3

    Service Utilities R111

    Shakes

    Wood R702.6, R703.6, R905.8 Shingle Asphalt shingles R905.2 Metal R905.4

    Slate R905.6

    Wood R905.7 Ship’s Ladders (see Ladders) R318.7.13 Shower R326.1, R327 Compartment R327.2 Finishes R327.2 Glazing R324.3.1, R324.4.5 Space required R327.1 Shutoff Valve (see Valves) Siding Exterior coverings R703 Sinks (see also Lavatories) R326.2 Site

    Address R308

    Preparation R408.5, R504.2, R506.3 Size

    Of rooms R312 Skylights R324.6

    Slate Shingles R905.6 Sleeping Lofts R315 Smoke Alarms R310

    Smoke-Developed Index R302.10, R302.9 Snow Loads R301.1, Figure R301.2(3) Decks R507.1, R507.5, R507.6 Floors R502.3.3, R505.1.1 Foundation R403.1

    Roof R301.6, R329.4.1.1, R802.10.2.1, R802.4.1, R804.3.2.1 Walls R602.3.1, R602.7, R603.3.2 Soffit R704

    Fiber-cement R704.2.2, R704.3.2 Hardboard R704.2.3, R704.3.3 Vinyl R704.2.1, R704.3.1 Wood R704.2.4, R704.3.4 Solar Energy Systems R329 Building-integrated photovoltaic systems R329.5 Ground-mounted photovoltaic systems R329.8 Photovoltaic systems R329.3 Roof access and pathways R329.6 Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic systems R329.3 Sound Transmission Appendix BG Spans Steel (allowable) R505.3.2, R804.3.2.1 Wood (allowable) R502.3, R802.5 Sprinkler (see Automatic Sprinkler System) Stairways R318.7 Alternating tread devices R318.7.12 Bulkhead enclosure R318.7.11.2 Glazing R324.4.6 Guards R321

    Handrails R318.7.8, R320 Headroom R318.7.2

    Illumination R318.7.10, R325.6, R325.7 Landings for R318.7.6 Nosings R318.7.5.3 Ship’s ladders R318.7.13 Sleeping lofts R315.5.2 Spiral R318.7.11 Treads and risers R318.7.5, R318.7.5.4 Vertical egress R318.4 Vertical rise R318.7.3 Walking surface slope R318.7.7 Walkline R318.7.4

    Width R318.7.1

  • CRC § 3110.3 High relevance — show source text

    3110.3 Vehicular gate openers. Vehicular gate openers, where provided, shall be listed in accordance with UL 325.

    SECTION 3111—SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS

    3111.1 General. Solar energy systems shall comply with the requirements of this section.

    3111.1.1 Wind resistance. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems and solar thermal collectors shall be designed in accordance with Section 1609.

    Exception: [DSA-SS, DSA-SS/CC, HCD-1, HCD-2] Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems and solar thermal collectors shall be designed in accordance with Section 1511.10 of this code.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 31-11

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

    3111.1.2 Roof live load. Roof structures that provide support for solar energy systems shall be designed in accordance with Section 1607.15.

    3111.2 Solar thermal systems. Solar thermal systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with this section, the California Plumbing Code, the California Mechanical Code and the California Fire Code . Where light-transmitting plastic covers are used, solar thermal collectors shall be designed in accordance with Section 2606.12.

    3111.2.1 Equipment. Solar thermal systems and components shall be listed and labeled in accordance with ICC 900/SRCC 300 and ICC 901/SRCC 100.

    3111.3 Photovoltaic solar energy systems. Photovoltaic solar energy systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with this section, the California Fire Code, the California Electrical Code and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    3111.3.1 Equipment. Photovoltaic panels and modules shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Inverters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1741. Systems connected to the utility grid shall use inverters listed for utility interaction.

    3111.3.2 Fire classification. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section 1505.9. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems installed as roof coverings shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section 1505.8.

    3111.3.3 Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. BIPV systems installed as roof coverings shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section 1507.

    [F] 3111.3.4 Access and pathways. Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements shall be provided in accordance with Section 1205 of the California Fire Code .

    3111.3.5 Elevated photovoltaic (PV) support structures. Elevated PV support structures shall comply with either Section 3111.3.5.1 or 3111.3.5.2.

    Exception: Elevated PV support structures that are installed over agricultural uses.

  • CRC § 3111.2.1 High relevance — show source text

    3111.2.1 Equipment. Solar thermal systems and components shall be listed and labeled in accordance with ICC 900/SRCC 300 and ICC 901/SRCC 100.

    3111.3 Photovoltaic solar energy systems. Photovoltaic solar energy systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with this section, the California Fire Code, the California Electrical Code and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    3111.3.1 Equipment. Photovoltaic panels and modules shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Inverters shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 1741. Systems connected to the utility grid shall use inverters listed for utility interaction.

    3111.3.2 Fire classification. Rooftop-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section 1505.9. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems installed as roof coverings shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section 1505.8.

    3111.3.3 Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. BIPV systems installed as roof coverings shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section 1507.

    [F] 3111.3.4 Access and pathways. Roof access, pathways and spacing requirements shall be provided in accordance with Section 1205 of the California Fire Code .

    3111.3.5 Elevated photovoltaic (PV) support structures. Elevated PV support structures shall comply with either Section 3111.3.5.1 or 3111.3.5.2.

    Exception: Elevated PV support structures that are installed over agricultural uses.

    3111.3.5.1 Photovoltaic (PV) panels installed over open-grid framing or a noncombustible deck. Elevated PV support structures with PV panels installed over open-grid framing or over a noncombustible deck shall have PV panels tested, listed and labeled with a fire type rating in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Photovoltaic panels marked “not fire rated” shall not be installed on elevated PV support structures.

    3111.3.5.2 Photovoltaic (PV) panels installed over a roof assembly. Elevated PV support structures with a PV panel system installed over a roof assembly shall have a fire classification in accordance with Section 1505.9.

    3111.3.6 Ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) panel systems. Ground-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Chapter 16 and the California Fire Code .

    3111.3.6.1 Fire separation distances. Ground-mounted photovoltaic panel systems shall be subject to the fire separation distance requirements determined by the local jurisdiction.

    SECTION 3112—GREENHOUSES

    3112.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply to greenhouses that are designed and used for the cultivation, maintenance, or protection of plants.

    [BE] 3112.2 Accessibility. Greenhouses shall be accessible in accordance with Chapter 11. [HCD 1] Greenhouses accessory to covered multifamily dwellings, as defined in Chapter 2, used as a common use facility, shall be on an accessible route in accordance with Chapter 11A.

    3112.3 Structural design. Greenhouses shall comply with the structural design requirements for greenhouses in Chapter 16.

  • CRC § 6.2 High relevance — show source text

    R329.6.2 Setback at ridge. For photovoltaic arrays occupying not more than 33 percent of the plan view total roof area, not less than an 18-inch (457 mm) clear setback is required on both sides of a horizontal ridge. For photovoltaic arrays occupying more than 33 percent of the plan view total roof area, not less than a 36-inch (914 mm) clear setback is required on both sides of a horizontal ridge.

    R329.6.2.1 Alternative setback at ridge. Where an automatic sprinkler system is installed within the dwelling or townhouse in accordance with NFPA 13D or Section R309, setbacks at ridges shall comply with one of the following:

    1. For photovoltaic arrays occupying not more than 66 percent of the plan view total roof area, not less than an 18-inch (457 mm) clear setback is required on both sides of a horizontal ridge.
    2. For photovoltaic arrays occupying more than 66 percent of the plan view total roof area, not less than a 36-inch (914 mm) clear setback is required on both sides of a horizontal ridge.

    R329.6.3 Emergency escape and rescue openings. Panels and modules installed on dwellings or townhouses shall not be placed on the portion of a roof that is below an emergency escape and rescue opening. A pathway not less than 36 inches (914 mm) wide shall be provided to the emergency escape and rescue opening.

    Exception: BIPV systems listed in accordance with UL 3741, where the removal or cutting away of portions of the BIPV system during firefighting operations has been determined to not expose a firefighter to electrical shock hazards.

    2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE 3-75

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    BUILDING PLANNING

    R329.6.4 Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Where building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems are installed in a manner creating areas with electrical hazards that are hidden from view, markings shall be provided to identify the hazardous areas to avoid for ladder placement. The markings shall be reflective and be visible from grade beneath the eaves or other location approved by the fire code official.

    Exception: BIPV systems listed in accordance with UL 3741, where the removal or cutting away of portions of the BIPV system during firefighting operations have been determined to not expose a firefighter to electrical shock hazards.

    R329.7 Elevated photovoltaic (PV) support structures. Elevated PV support structures used as an accessory structure shall comply with either Section R329.7.1 or R329.7.2. Elevated PV support structures shall be considered a roof for the purposes of establishing the number of stories and fire separation distances.

    Exception : Elevated PV support structures that are installed over agricultural use.

    R329.7.1 PV panels installed over open-grid framing or noncombustible deck. Elevated PV support structures with PV panels installed over open-grid framing or over a noncombustible deck shall have PV panels tested, listed and labeled with a fire type rating in accordance with UL 1703 or with both UL 61730-1 and UL 61730-2. Photovoltaic panels marked “not fire rated” shall not be installed on elevated PV support structures.

Frequently asked questions

What exactly in the CRC tells me to follow the California Electrical Code for PV wiring?

The CRC says explicitly in § R329.3 that “The electrical portion of solar PV systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code.”

Do the CRC setback and pathway dimensions apply to BIPV?

Yes — the CRC contains BIPV rules (e.g., marking and listing) in § R329.5 and § R329.6.4, but there are exceptions when the BIPV is listed to UL 3741; check those subsections.

Where do I find the PV equipment listing requirements?

Equipment listing and labeling requirements are in § R329.3.1 (panels: UL 1703 / UL 61730; inverters: UL 1741; mounts: UL 2703).

If I hire an electrician, do they need to pull code references from the CRC or the CEC?

Both. The installer must meet the CRC’s siting, structural and equipment‑listing requirements (R329 series) and must follow the California Electrical Code for all wiring and electrical installations; § R329.3 binds both.

Does the CRC tell me where to place DC combiner boxes or the exact labeling text?

No — those detailed wiring, enclosure, and labeling requirements are in the California Electrical Code. The CRC defers the electrical portion to the CEC per § R329.3.

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California Residential Code