CPC · California Plumbing Code

When is an air gap or air break required for an indirect waste?

Indirect waste lines (condensate, appliance drips, food equipment, etc.) must not connect directly to the drain — they must discharge through an air gap or air break. When a true drainage air gap is required by the CPC (see **§801.2**) it must be at least 1 inch from the outlet to the receptor rim; other Chapter 8 provisions add minimum pipe sizes, trapping requirements for runs over 5 ft, and special rules for food equipment, dishwashers, condensate, and vacuum conditions.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — plain English

An indirect waste must discharge into the drainage system by either an air gap or an air break as required by the California Plumbing Code; the controlling provision is §801.2. Where a drainage air gap is required, the minimum vertical clearance from the lowest point of the indirect waste outlet to the receptor flood‑level rim is 1 inch. §801.2 establishes the general air‑gap / air‑break requirement and is supplemented by specific rules for food handling, condensate, vacuum conditions, dishwasher fittings, and pipe sizing elsewhere in Chapter 8.

The single most important rule: indirect wastes must not be directly connected to the drainage system — they must discharge through an air gap or air break, and when a true drainage air gap is required it must be at least 1 inch vertically from outlet to receptor rim (see §801.2).

Requirements in detail

Basic requirement and minimum gap

Code statement: indirect waste piping shall discharge to the drainage system through an air gap or air break. §801.2.
Minimum vertical distance for a required drainage air gap: 1 inch from the lowest point of the indirect waste pipe or fixture outlet to the flood‑level rim of the receptor. §801.2.

When an air gap (not an air break) is mandatory

Food‑handling fixtures and similar equipment (food‑preparation sinks, steam kettles, potato peelers, ice cream dipper wells, equipment storing unpackaged ice, etc.) must be indirectly connected by an air gap. §801.3.3.
Sterilizers and equipment used for sterile materials must be drained through an air gap. §801.6 and §1303.4.1.
Where the indirect waste pipe is under vacuum, a full‑size air gap is required (example: certain walk‑in cooler arrangements). §801.3.2.

When an air break is allowed

Where there is no possibility of contaminating potable water (a nonpotable discharge) the indirect waste may be connected by an air break rather than a full air gap — the code explains this distinction in Chapter 8 text.
Examples where an air break is acceptable: many appliance drip/drain outlets and some condensate discharges where the code specifically permits an air break. §801.7, §814.5.

Pipe sizing, length, trapping and special dimensional limits

Typical minimum indirect waste pipe size: not smaller than the drain on the unit, but not less than 1 inch (except refrigeration coils and ice‑making machines) — §801.3.1. Ice‑making machines may be 3/4 inch minimum.
Indirect waste piping maximum developed length: 15 feet for many indirect waste connections; pipes over 5 feet but less than 15 feet must be directly trapped (trap need not be vented). §801.3.1, §803.3.
Indirect waste pipes less than 15 feet in length must be not less than the diameter of the drain outlet or tailpiece and in no case less than 1/2 inch. §803.3.

Receptors and location constraints

Receptors that receive indirect wastes must be sized and shaped to prevent splashing and flooding and be accessible for inspection and cleaning. §804.1.
For walk‑in coolers using an outside receptor, the receptor flood‑level rim must be not less than 6 inches lower than the lowest floor drain; such wastes discharge through an air gap or air break, but a full‑size air gap is required if the indirect waste pipe is under vacuum. §801.3.2.

Other specific items

Drain/overflow/relief connections from equipment tied to the potable water system require a water‑distribution air gap constructed per §801.5 and Table 603.3.1. §801.5.
Domestic dishwashers: an approved dishwasher air gap fitting is required on the discharge side; the fitting must be installed with the flood‑level (FL) marking at or above the sink or drainboard flood level. §807.3.
Condensate and HVAC drain points: must connect indirectly by air gap or air break to acceptable receptors (mop sinks, dry wells, trapped/vented receptors, etc.). §814.5.

Decision dimensions table

Decision item	Key value / threshold	When it governs	Code Reference
Minimum drainage air gap (vertical)	1 inch	Whenever a drainage air gap is required	§801.2
Walk‑in cooler outside receptor rim difference	6 inches (receptor rim lower than lowest floor drain)	Walk‑in cooler floor drain to outside receptor	§801.3.2
Indirect waste max developed length	15 feet	Maximum length for many indirect connections; influences trapping requirements	§801.3.1, §803.3
Trapping required for mid‑length pipes	>5 ft and <15 ft → directly trapped	Indirect waste pipe length triggers trap	§803.3
Typical minimum indirect waste pipe size	1 inch (general); 3/4 inch (ice machines)	Sizing for indirect waste pipes	§801.3.1
Absolute minimum pipe diameter (short runs)	1/2 inch	Indirect waste pipes less than 15 ft must be not less than outlet or 1/2 inch	§803.3
Dishwasher discharge	Listed dishwasher air gap, FL marking at or above sink/drainboard	Domestic dishwasher discharge requirement	§807.3

Exceptions & special cases

Air break permitted instead of air gap when there is no possibility of contaminating potable water (nonpotable discharge). Chapter 8 discussion and §801.7 permit air break use for certain drip/drainage outlets.
Full‑size air gap required where the indirect waste pipe is under vacuum (e.g., special walk‑in cooler arrangements). §801.3.2.
Condensate from HVAC: the code explicitly allows either air gap or air break to trapped/vented receptors, mop sinks, dry wells, etc., and references specific condensate sizing rules elsewhere. §814.5.
Domestic dishwashers have their own mandatory air‑gap requirement (listed air gap fitting) — do not substitute a simple air break. §807.3.

If you need the exact construction dimensions for a potable‑water water‑distribution air gap, the CPC refers you to Table 603.3.1; I can fetch that table if you want, but it is not reproduced here. §801.5.

Common mistakes

Using an air break where the code requires an air gap (food‑handling equipment, sterilizers, vacuum conditions). Check §801.3.3, §801.6, and §801.3.2 before assuming an air break is acceptable.
Installing a “gap” less than 1 inch when a drainage air gap is required — the code minimum is 1 inch (measure from lowest point of outlet to flood‑level rim). §801.2.
Combining indirect waste lines that the code mandates be separate (e.g., each food‑handling indirect waste must be separately piped to the receptor). §801.3.3.
Failing to trap indirect waste piping that exceeds 5 feet in developed length but is under 15 feet — such runs must be directly trapped (trap need not be vented). §803.3.
Substituting a non‑listed dishwasher “air gap” or installing the FL marking incorrectly — domestic dishwashers require a listed fitting with its FL marking at or above the sink/drainboard. §807.3.

Worked example

Scenario: An HVAC condensate line (1‑1/4 inch outlet) runs 8 feet from the unit to a mop sink receptor located inside the same mechanical room. The condensate will not contact potable water.

Apply the CPC rules:

Chapter 8 allows condensate to discharge by air gap or air break to acceptable receptors; §814.5 requires air gap or air break to trapped and vented receptors or mop sinks. Choose an air break or air gap per AHJ; both are permitted for condensate.
The pipe developed length is 8 feet (which is > 5 ft and < 15 ft). Per §803.3, this indirect waste pipe must be directly trapped (trap need not be vented).
Minimum pipe size: the run is not over 15 ft and must be not less than the diameter of the drain outlet (1‑1/4 inch in this case) or 1/2 inch minimum — so 1‑1/4 inch is acceptable. §803.3 and §814.3/814.5 guidance.
If you elect an air gap for the mop sink, ensure the vertical clearance from the lowest point of the outlet to the mop sink flood rim meets the 1 inch minimum if an air gap is required by the AHJ. §801.2.

Result: install a directly trapped 1‑1/4" indirect waste, provide either an air break or an air gap to the mop sink per AHJ preference, and ensure the trap and receptor comply with the trapping and receptor accessibility rules in Chapter 8.

Related provisions (quick list)

§801.2 — Air Gap or Air Break Required (controlling section)
§801.3.1 — Size of Indirect Waste Pipes (minimum sizes, lengths)
§801.3.2 — Walk‑In Coolers (outside receptor rim, vacuum condition)
§801.3.3 — Food‑Handling Fixtures (air gap required)
§801.5 — Connections from Water Distribution System (water‑distribution air gap / Table 603.3.1)
§801.6 — Sterilizers (air gap required)
§803.3 — Indirect Waste Pipe Size, Length, and Trapping requirements
§804.1 — Indirect Waste Receptors (shape, capacity, location)
§807.3 — Domestic Dishwasher (listed air gap fitting required)
§814.5 — Point of Discharge for Condensate (air gap or air break allowed)

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Plumbing Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

CPC § 1.11.0. High relevance — show source text
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 179

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180 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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CHAPTER 8

INDIRECT WASTES

801.0 General.

801.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the materials, design, and installation of indirect waste piping, receptors, and connections; and provisions for discharge and disposal of condensate wastes, chemical wastes, industrial wastes, and clear water wastes.

801.2 Air Gap or Air Break Required. Indirect waste piping shall discharge into the building drainage system through an air gap or air break as set forth in this code. Where a drainage air gap is required by this code, the minimum vertical distance as measured from the lowest point of the indirect waste pipe or the fixture outlet to the flood-level rim of the receptor shall be not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm). 801.3 Food and Beverage Handling Establishments. Establishments engaged in the storage, preparation, selling, serving, processing, or other handling of food and beverage involving the following equipment that requires drainage shall provide indirect waste piping for refrigerators, refrigeration coils, freezers, walk-in coolers, iceboxes, ice-making machines, steam tables, egg boilers, coffee urns and brewers, hot-and-cold drink dispensers, and similar equipment. 801.3.1 Size of Indirect Waste Pipes. Except for refrigeration coils and ice-making machines, the size of the indirect waste pipe shall be not smaller than the drain on the unit, but shall be not smaller than 1 inch (25 mm), and the maximum developed length shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm). Indirect waste pipe for ice-making machines shall be not less than the drain on the unit and in no case less than [3] ⁄ 4 of an inch (20 mm). 801.3.2 Walk-In Coolers. For walk-in coolers, floor drains shall be permitted to be connected to a separate drainage line discharging into an outside receptor. The flood-level rim of the receptor shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm) lower than the lowest floor drain. Such floor drains shall be trapped and individually vented. Cleanouts shall be provided at 90 degree (1.57 rad) turns and shall be accessibly located. Such waste shall discharge through an air gap or air break into a trapped and vented receptor, except that a full-size air gap is required where the indirect waste pipe is under vacuum. 801.3.3 Food-Handling Fixtures. Food-preparation sinks, steam kettles, potato peelers, ice cream dipper wells, and similar equipment shall be indirectly connected to the drainage system by means of an air gap.
CPC § 2025 High relevance — show source text
Chapter 7 Sanitary Drainage.

This chapter regulates the design and installation of sanitary drainage systems to ensure they will work as intended. Drainage piping should not be oversized nor undersized, and constructed of approved materials to guard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging, and with cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned. The purpose of the sanitary drainage system is to remove effluent discharged from plumbing fixtures and other equipment to an approved point of disposal, such as a public sanitary system or private sewage disposal system.

The basics of a sanitary drainage system include public and private sewage disposal; selection of materials; installation of the building drain and sewer; joining methods for pipe and fittings; drainage fixture units for sizing the drainage system; sumps and ejectors; vent sizing and length of vents; and testing.

Chapter 8 Indirect Wastes.

Chapter 8 regulates indirect waste connections that are required for plumbing fixtures and plumbing appliances dealing with food preparation, dishwashing, potable liquids, and similar equipment. An indirect connection prevents sewage from backing up into a fixture or appliance, thus providing protection against potential health hazards. The waste pipe discharges through an air gap or air break into a waste receptor or standpipe. The protection in the form of an air gap is necessary when the contamination is a potential health hazard or cross connection with the potable water system. Where there is no possibility of contaminating the potable water (nonpotable discharge), the indirect waste pipe may connect in the form of an air break. This method is often preferred to prevent splashing. In addition, health care facilities and special wastes must be protected from contamination that may result from the connection to the drainage system. The waste must be treated to prevent any damage to the piping or sewage treatment process. Waste receptors are sized and designed to prevent splashing and allow for peak discharge conditions.

Chapter 9 Vents.

Chapter 9 regulates the material, design, and installation of vents. A vent system is a pipe or pipes installed in a drainage system that provide a flow of air to and from the system to ventilate it, provide a circulation of air to eliminate trap siphonage, and reduce back-pressure and vacuum surge. In addition, vents provide the rapid and silent flow of waste without exposing occupants of the building to any sewer gases. Proper installation of vents is crucial, as a telltale sign that there is a problem in the drain and vent system is related to the elevation of the horizontal portion of the venting. Venting is not limited to sanitary drainage systems. Venting methods are applicable to other drainage systems such as those for chemical waste, graywater waste, and clear water waste. Sizing the venting system is directly tied to the design of the drainage system. For example, the velocities in the drainage system and its peak flow rates affect the diameters in the venting system. Where the vertical distance between a fixture outlet and trap is excessive, velocities in the entire drainage system will be greater than those in the vent sizing table. All venting methods in this chapter are categorized as either dry vents or wet vents. Vent stacks, stack vents, branch vents, island vents, relief vents, and individual vents are dry vents. Wet vents (horizontal or vertical), circuit vents, combination drain and vents are versions of “wet venting” in which the vent is wetted by drainage flow.

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CPC § 722.3 High relevance — show source text
722.3 Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

722.4 Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

722.5 Disposal Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

723.0 Building Sewer Test . . . . . . . . . . .178

723.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

724.0 Meat and Poultry Processing Plant Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

725.0 Collection Center and

Facilities Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . .178

726.0 Drainage and Plumbing, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

727.0 Emergency Sanitary Drainage . . .178

CHAPTER 8 INDIRECT WASTES . . . . . . . . . .179

801.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.2 Air Gap or Air Break Required . . .181

801.3 Food and Beverage Handling Establishments . . . . . . .181

801.4 Bar and Fountain Sink Traps . . . .181

801.5 Connections from Water Distribution System . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.6 Sterilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.7 Drip or Drainage Outlets . . . . . . . .181

802.0 Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

802.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

803.0 Indirect Waste Piping . . . . . . . . . .181

803.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

803.2 Copper and Copper Alloys . . . . . .181

803.3 Pipe Size and Length . . . . . . . . . .181

804.0 Indirect Waste Receptors . . . . . . .182

804.1 Standpipe Receptors . . . . . . . . . .182

805.0 Pressure Drainage Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

805.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

806.0 Sterile Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

806.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

807.0 Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

807.1 Non-Classed Apparatus . . . . . . . .182

807.2 Undiluted Condensate Waste . . . .182

807.3 Domestic Dishwashing Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
CPC § 610.3 High relevance — show source text
610.3, 610.12.1,

L 501.0, L 502.0, L 503.0 HOUSE DRAINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(see Building drain) HOUSE SEWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(see Building sewer)

– I –

IDENTIFICATION

Cast-iron soil pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .701.2 Copper tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604.4 Fuel gas piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1208.7.5 Medical gas and medical vacuum systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1318.5,

1323.13 – 1323.13.3,

1323.14, 1323.15 Piping, fittings, traps, and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301.2.1 Potable and nonpotable water lines . . . . . . . . . . .615.0 Water, nonpotable and potable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601.3

INCREASERS AND REDUCERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316.0

INDIRECT-FIRED WATER HEATERS . . . . . . . .211.0, 505.4,

603.5.4, 608.7 INDIRECT WASTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chapter 8 Air gap or break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.2 Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .807.0 Approval required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .802.0 Aspirators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.9, 1303.5

Chemical wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .811.0

Cleanouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.3.2, 803.3

Clear water wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .812.0
CPC § 801.3.1 High relevance — show source text
801.3.1 Size of Indirect Waste Pipes. Except for refrigeration coils and ice-making machines, the size of the indirect waste pipe shall be not smaller than the drain on the unit, but shall be not smaller than 1 inch (25 mm), and the maximum developed length shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm). Indirect waste pipe for ice-making machines shall be not less than the drain on the unit and in no case less than [3] ⁄ 4 of an inch (20 mm). 801.3.2 Walk-In Coolers. For walk-in coolers, floor drains shall be permitted to be connected to a separate drainage line discharging into an outside receptor. The flood-level rim of the receptor shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm) lower than the lowest floor drain. Such floor drains shall be trapped and individually vented. Cleanouts shall be provided at 90 degree (1.57 rad) turns and shall be accessibly located. Such waste shall discharge through an air gap or air break into a trapped and vented receptor, except that a full-size air gap is required where the indirect waste pipe is under vacuum. 801.3.3 Food-Handling Fixtures. Food-preparation sinks, steam kettles, potato peelers, ice cream dipper wells, and similar equipment shall be indirectly connected to the drainage system by means of an air gap. Bins, sinks, and other equipment having drainage connections and used for the storage of unpackaged ice used for human ingestion, or used in direct contact with ready-to-eat food, shall be indirectly connected to the drainage system by means of an air gap. Each indirect waste pipe from foodhandling fixtures or equipment shall be separately piped to the indirect waste receptor and shall not combine with other indirect waste pipes. The piping from the equipment to the receptor shall be not less than the drain on the unit and in no case less than [1] ⁄ 2 of an inch (15 mm).

801.4 Bar and Fountain Sink Traps. Where the sink in a bar, soda fountain, or counter is so located that the trap serving the sink cannot be vented, the sink drain shall discharge through an air gap or air break (see Section 801.3.3) into an approved receptor that is vented. The developed length from the fixture outlet to the receptor shall not exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). 801.5 Connections from Water Distribution System. Indirect waste connections shall be provided for drains, overflows, or relief pipes from potable water pressure tanks, water heaters, boilers, and similar equipment that is connected to the potable water distribution system. Such indirect waste connections shall be made using a water-distribution air gap constructed in accordance with Table 603.3.1.

801.6 Sterilizers. Lines, devices, or apparatus such as stills, sterilizers, and similar equipment requiring waste connections and used for sterile materials shall be indirectly connected using an air gap. Each such indirect waste pipe shall be separately piped to the receptor and shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm). Such receptors shall be located in the same room. 801.7 Drip or Drainage Outlets. Appliances, devices, or apparatus not regularly classified as plumbing fixtures, but which have a drip or drainage outlets, shall be permitted to be drained by indirect waste pipes discharging into an open receptor through either an air gap or air break (see Section 801.3.1).
CPC § 2025 High relevance — show source text
An acceptable air supply for combustion and ventilation is necessary for the proper operation of fuel-burning appliances. A shortage of combustion air can result in incomplete combustion and the production of poisonous gases, such as carbon monoxide or appliance overheating. Ventilation air provides cooling for the appliance casing and internal controls. Inadequate ventilation of the space in which an appliance is installed can result in increased surrounding temperatures that stress the appliance itself or other appliances in the vicinity.

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FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

Chapter 6 Water Supply and Distribution.

Chapter 6 regulates the design, material, and installation of water supply and distribution systems, including residential fire sprinklers. The water supply and distribution system is designed to achieve the correct water pressure and flow rates and avoid cross-connections. For fixtures to perform properly, an acceptable supply of potable water is essential to their operation and use. Cross-connections and backflow are ranked as the highest priority because of the long history of recognized health risks posed by cross-connections, outbreaks, or cases of waterborne disease. Piping materials and components are evaluated for their possible effect on the potable water with which they are in contact. The intent is to control the potential adverse health effects produced by indirect additives, products, and materials that come in contact with potable water. When selecting materials for water supply and distribution systems, consider water pressure, water temperature, compatibility with the water supply, durability, support, and sustainability.

In addition, this chapter regulates the design, location, materials, and installation of multipurpose and stand-alone sprinkler systems that do not include the use of antifreeze. Where systems are installed as a portion of the water distribution system under the requirements of this chapter and are not provided with a fire department connection, backflow protection for the water supply system is not required.

Chapter 7 Sanitary Drainage.

This chapter regulates the design and installation of sanitary drainage systems to ensure they will work as intended. Drainage piping should not be oversized nor undersized, and constructed of approved materials to guard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging, and with cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned. The purpose of the sanitary drainage system is to remove effluent discharged from plumbing fixtures and other equipment to an approved point of disposal, such as a public sanitary system or private sewage disposal system.

The basics of a sanitary drainage system include public and private sewage disposal; selection of materials; installation of the building drain and sewer; joining methods for pipe and fittings; drainage fixture units for sizing the drainage system; sumps and ejectors; vent sizing and length of vents; and testing.

Chapter 8 Indirect Wastes.

Chapter 8 regulates indirect waste connections that are required for plumbing fixtures and plumbing appliances dealing with food preparation, dishwashing, potable liquids, and similar equipment. An indirect connection prevents sewage from backing up into a fixture or appliance, thus providing protection against potential health hazards. The waste pipe discharges through an air gap or air break into a waste receptor or standpipe. The protection in the form of an air gap is necessary when the contamination is a potential health hazard or cross connection with the potable water system. Where there is no possibility of contaminating the potable water (nonpotable discharge), the indirect waste pipe may connect in the form of an air break.
CPC § 316.0 High relevance — show source text
INCREASERS AND REDUCERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316.0

INDIRECT-FIRED WATER HEATERS . . . . . . . .211.0, 505.4,

603.5.4, 608.7 INDIRECT WASTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chapter 8 Air gap or break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.2 Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .807.0 Approval required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .802.0 Aspirators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.5.9, 1303.5

Chemical wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .811.0

Cleanouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.3.2, 803.3

Clear water wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .812.0

Condensate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .814.1, 814.1.1, 814.5 Food handling fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.3.3 High temperature discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .810.1 Interceptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .902.1 Receptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.4, 804.0 Sterile equipment . . . . . . . . . . . .801.6, 806.0, 1303.4.1 Swimming pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .813.0 Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.3.2, 803.3, 814.5

Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .803.3

Where required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801.2

INDIVIDUAL VENTS . . . . . . . . . . .211.0, Table 703.2, 904.1,

908.2.1

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INDEX

INDUSTRIAL WASTES
CPC § 718.2 High relevance — show source text
TABLE OF CONTENTS

718.2 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176

718.3 Protection from Damage . . . . . . .176

719.0 Cleanouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

719.1 Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

719.2 No Additional Cleanouts . . . . . . . .177

719.3 Building Sewer Cleanouts . . . . . .177

719.4 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

719.5 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

719.6 Manholes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

720.0 Sewer and Water Pipes . . . . . . . .177

720.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

721.0 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

721.1 Building Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Table 721.1 Minimum Horizontal Distance Required from Building Sewer . . . .177

721.2 Abutting Lot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

722.0 Abandoned Sewers and Sewage Disposal Facilities . . . . . .177

722.1 Building (House) Sewer . . . . . . . .177

722.2 Cesspools, Septic Tanks, and Seepage Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

722.3 Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

722.4 Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

722.5 Disposal Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

723.0 Building Sewer Test . . . . . . . . . . .178

723.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

724.0 Meat and Poultry Processing Plant Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

725.0 Collection Center and

Facilities Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . .178

726.0 Drainage and Plumbing, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

727.0 Emergency Sanitary Drainage . . .178

CHAPTER 8 INDIRECT WASTES . . . . . . . . . .179

801.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

801.2 Air Gap or Air Break Required . . .181

801.3 Food and Beverage Handling Establishments . . . . . . .181

801.4 Bar and Fountain Sink Traps . . . .181
CPC § 801.4 High relevance — show source text
The piping from the equipment to the receptor shall be not less than the drain on the unit and in no case less than [1] ⁄ 2 of an inch (15 mm).

801.4 Bar and Fountain Sink Traps. Where the sink in a bar, soda fountain, or counter is so located that the trap serving the sink cannot be vented, the sink drain shall discharge through an air gap or air break (see Section 801.3.3) into an approved receptor that is vented. The developed length from the fixture outlet to the receptor shall not exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). 801.5 Connections from Water Distribution System. Indirect waste connections shall be provided for drains, overflows, or relief pipes from potable water pressure tanks, water heaters, boilers, and similar equipment that is connected to the potable water distribution system. Such indirect waste connections shall be made using a water-distribution air gap constructed in accordance with Table 603.3.1.

801.6 Sterilizers. Lines, devices, or apparatus such as stills, sterilizers, and similar equipment requiring waste connections and used for sterile materials shall be indirectly connected using an air gap. Each such indirect waste pipe shall be separately piped to the receptor and shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm). Such receptors shall be located in the same room. 801.7 Drip or Drainage Outlets. Appliances, devices, or apparatus not regularly classified as plumbing fixtures, but which have a drip or drainage outlets, shall be permitted to be drained by indirect waste pipes discharging into an open receptor through either an air gap or air break (see Section 801.3.1).

802.0 Approvals. 802.1 General. No plumbing fixtures served by indirect waste pipes or receiving discharge therefrom shall be installed until first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

803.0 Indirect Waste Piping.

803.1 Materials. Pipe, tube, and fittings conveying indirect waste shall be of such materials and design as to perform their intended function to the satisfaction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

803.2 Copper and Copper Alloys. Joints and connections in copper and copper alloy pipe and tube shall be installed in accordance with Section 705.3.

803.3 Pipe Size and Length. Except as hereinafter provided, the size of indirect waste piping shall be in accordance with other sections of this code applicable to drainage and vent piping. No vent from indirect waste piping shall combine with a sewer-connected vent. Vents from indirect waste piping shall extend separately to the outside air. Indirect waste pipes exceeding 5 feet (1524 mm), but less than 15 feet (4572 mm) in length shall be directly trapped, but such traps need not be vented.

Indirect waste pipes less than 15 feet (4572 mm) in length shall be not less than the diameter of the drain outlet or

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INDIRECT WASTES

tailpiece of the fixture, appliance, or equipment served, and in no case less than [1] ⁄ 2 of an inch (15 mm). Angles and changes of direction in such indirect waste pipes shall be provided with cleanouts to permit flushing and cleaning.

804.0 Indirect Waste Receptors.

**804.1 Standpipe Receptors.
CPC § 814.3.1 Medium relevance — show source text
Condensate drain sizing for other slopes or other conditions shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

Air-conditioning waste pipes, 1¼ of an inch (32 mm) and larger in size, shall be constructed of materials specified in Chapter 7. Condensate waste piping less than 1¼ of an inch (32 mm) in size shall be permitted to be PVC, CPVC, PE, PP, copper, or other rigid materials approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

814.3.1 Cleanouts. Condensate drain lines shall be configured or provided with a cleanout to permit the clearing of blockages and for maintenance without requiring the drain line to be cut. 814.4 Appliance Condensate Drains. Condensate drain lines from individual condensing appliances shall be sized as required by the manufacturer’s instructions. Condensate drain lines serving more than one appliance connecting to a common indirect waste pipe shall have the connections to the indirect waste pipe protected by a sanitary waste valve complying with ASME A112.18.8, condensate trap complying with IAPMO IGC 196, or trap with a trap primer. 814.5 Point of Discharge. Air-conditioning condensate waste pipes shall connect indirectly to the drainage system through an air gap or air break to trapped and vented receptors, dry wells, mop sinks, leach pits, or the tailpiece of plumbing fixtures. An individual condensate drain shall be trapped in accordance with the appliance manufacturer’s instructions or in accordance with Section 814.4.

TABLE 814.3

MINIMUM CONDENSATE PIPE SIZE

For SI units: 1 ton of refrigerant = 3.52 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm

For SI units: °C = (°F-32)/1.8

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INDIRECT WASTES

814.6 Condensate Waste from Air-Conditioning Coils. Where the condensate waste from air-conditioning coils discharges by direct connection to a lavatory tailpiece or to an approved accessible inlet on a bathtub overflow, the connection shall be located in the area controlled by the same person controlling the air-conditioned space. 814.7 Plastic Fittings. Female plastic screwed fittings shall be used with male plastic fittings and plastic threads.

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CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

CHAPTER 9 - VENTS

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)
CPC § 814.3 Medium relevance — show source text
814.3 Condensate Waste Pipe Material and Sizing. Condensate waste pipes from air-cooling coils shall be sized in accordance with the equipment capacity as specified in Table 814.3. The material of the piping shall comply with the pressure and temperature rating of the appliance or equipment and shall be approved for use with the liquid being discharged.

TABLE 814.3

MINIMUM CONDENSATE PIPE SIZE

EQUIPMENT CAPACITY IN TONS
OF REFRIGERATION MINIMUM CONDENSATE PIPE
DIAMETER
(inches)

Up to 20 3⁄4

21 – 40 1

41 – 90 11⁄4

91 – 125 11⁄2

126 – 250 2

For SI units: 1 ton of refrigerant = 3.52 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm

The size of condensate waste pipes is for one unit or a combination of units, or as recommended by the manufacturer. The capacity of waste pipes assumes a [1] ⁄ 8 inch per foot (10.4 mm/m) or 1 percent slope, with the pipe running threequarters full at the following pipe conditions:

Outside Air – 20% Col2 Room Air – 80% Col4

DB
WB
DB
WB

90°F 73°F 75°F ~~62.5°F~~

For SI units: °C = (°F-32)/1.8

Condensate drain sizing for other slopes or other conditions shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

Air-conditioning waste pipes, 1¼ of an inch (32 mm) and larger in size, shall be constructed of materials specified in Chapter 7. Condensate waste piping less than 1¼ of an inch (32 mm) in size shall be permitted to be PVC, CPVC, PE, PP, copper, or other rigid materials approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

814.3.1 Cleanouts. Condensate drain lines shall be configured or provided with a cleanout to permit the clearing of blockages and for maintenance without requiring the drain line to be cut. 814.4 Appliance Condensate Drains. Condensate drain lines from individual condensing appliances shall be sized as required by the manufacturer’s instructions. Condensate drain lines serving more than one appliance connecting to a common indirect waste pipe shall have the connections to the indirect waste pipe protected by a sanitary waste valve complying with ASME A112.18.8, condensate trap complying with IAPMO IGC 196, or trap with a trap primer. 814.5 Point of Discharge. Air-conditioning condensate waste pipes shall connect indirectly to the drainage system through an air gap or air break to trapped and vented receptors, dry wells, mop sinks, leach pits, or the tailpiece of plumbing fixtures. An individual condensate drain shall be trapped in accordance with the appliance manufacturer’s instructions or in accordance with Section 814.4.

TABLE 814.3

MINIMUM CONDENSATE PIPE SIZE

For SI units: 1 ton of refrigerant = 3.52 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm
CPC § 807.2 Medium relevance — show source text
807.2 Undiluted Condensate Waste. Where undiluted condensate waste from a fuel-burning condensing appliance is discharged into the drainage system, the material in the drainage system shall be cast-iron, galvanized iron, plastic, or other materials approved for this use.

Exceptions:

(1) Where the above condensate is discharged to an exposed fixture tailpiece and trap, such tailpiece and trap shall be permitted to be a copper alloy.

(2) Materials approved in Section 701.0 shall be permitted to be used where data is provided that the condensate waste is adequately diluted.

807.3 Domestic Dishwashing Machine. No domestic dishwashing machine shall be directly connected to a drainage system or food waste disposer without the use of an approved dishwasher air gap fitting on the discharge side of the dishwashing machine. Listed dishwasher air gap fittings shall be installed with the flood-level (FL) marking at or above the flood level of the sink or drainboard, whichever is higher.

808.0 Cooling Water.

808.1 General. Where permitted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, clean running water used exclusively as a cooling medium in an appliance, device, or apparatus shall be permitted to discharge into the drainage system through the inlet side of a fixture trap in the event that a suitable fixture is not available to receive such discharge. Such trap connection shall be by means of a pipe connected to the inlet side of an approved fixture trap, the upper end terminating in a funnelshaped receptacle set adjacent, and not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the overflow rim of the fixture.

809.0 Drinking Fountains.

809.1 General. Drinking fountains shall be permitted to be installed with indirect wastes through an air break.

810.0 Steam and Hot Water Drainage Condensers and Sumps.

810.1 High-Temperature Discharge. No steam pipe shall be directly connected to plumbing or drainage system, nor shall water having a temperature above 140°F (60°C) be discharged under pressure directly into a drainage system. Pipes from boilers shall discharge by means of indirect waste piping as determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the boiler manufacturer’s recommendations. Such pipes shall be permitted to be indirectly connected by discharging into an open or closed condenser or an intercepting sump of an approved type that will prevent the entrance of steam or such water under pressure into the drainage system. Closed condensers or sumps shall be provided with a vent that shall be taken off the top and extended separately, full size above the roof. Condensers and sumps shall be properly trapped at the outlet with a deep seal trap extending to within 6 inches (152 mm) of the bottom of the tank. The top of the deep seal trap shall have a [3] ⁄ 4 of an inch (19.1 mm) opening located at the highest point of the trap to serve as a siphon breaker. Outlets shall be taken off from the side in such a manner as to allow

a waterline to be maintained that will permanently occupy not

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INDIRECT WASTES

Frequently asked questions

When is an air break acceptable instead of an air gap?

An air break is acceptable where there is no possibility of contaminating potable water (nonpotable discharge) and where Chapter 8 or specific sections (e.g., condensate rules) allow it. Check the specific equipment rules (for many food‑handling items an air gap is mandatory).

How tall must an air gap be?

When a drainage air gap is required, the code sets the minimum vertical clearance at 1 inch measured from the lowest point of the indirect waste outlet to the receptor flood‑level rim. §801.2.

Do condensate drains require an air gap?

Yes — condensate wastes must connect indirectly by air gap or air break to a trapped and vented receptor, mop sink, dry well, leach pit, or fixture tailpiece as described in §814.5.

If my indirect waste run is 10 feet long, do I need a trap?

Yes — indirect waste pipes exceeding 5 feet but less than 15 feet in developed length must be directly trapped (the trap need not be vented). §803.3.

Are dishwashers treated the same as other indirect wastes?

No — domestic dishwashers require a listed dishwasher air gap fitting on the discharge side, installed with the flood‑level (FL) marking at or above the sink or drainboard. §807.3.

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