CPC · California Plumbing Code

What safety/protection provisions apply during plumbing construction?

During construction you may not dump sewage or other liquid waste on the site — all discharge must go through an approved drainage system — and every fixture, drain, and appliance that handles liquid waste must be properly connected to that system. Protect piping from breakage, corrosion and undue strain; meet minimum sewer depth and clearance rules; and restore fire ratings where pipes penetrate rated assemblies (see **§ 303.1**, **§ 304.1**, and related §§) .

Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

The California Plumbing Code requires that sewage and other liquid wastes not be disposed of except through an approved drainage system (§ 303.1) and that fixtures, drains, appurtenances, and appliances used to receive or discharge liquid wastes be properly connected to the building or premises drainage system (§ 304.1) . These are general, mandatory duties that apply throughout construction: do not discharge waste to the site, and do not leave plumbing fixtures or drains improperly or permanently disconnected from approved drainage paths .

The single most important rule: Do not dispose of sewage or liquid wastes anywhere except through an approved drainage system, and make sure fixtures and drains are properly connected to that system (see § 303.1 and § 304.1) .

Requirements in detail

1) Prohibit unlawful disposal on-site

  • Rule: It is unlawful to cause, permit, or allow disposal of sewage, human excrement, or other liquid wastes except through an approved drainage system (the basic public‑health prohibition) — § 303.1 .
  • Practical effect during construction: any temporary sanitary facilities, pump-outs, or temporary connections must route waste to an approved system or holding/treatment permitted by the AHJ (the code text sets the prohibition; local procedures for acceptable temporary methods are administered by the Authority Having Jurisdiction) — § 303.1 .

2) Required connections of fixtures and devices

  • Rule: Plumbing fixtures, drains, appurtenances, and appliances that receive or discharge liquid wastes must be properly connected to the building or premises drainage system in accordance with the code — § 304.1 .
  • Practical effect: fixtures cannot be left to drain to grade, to makeshift pits, or into storm drains unless specifically allowed by the code/local authority; installations must meet the connection, material, and layout requirements elsewhere in the code — § 304.1 .

3) Protect piping, materials, and structures during construction

  • The code requires protection of piping and materials from breakage, corrosion, undue strain, and structural interference:
    • Piping passing under or through walls shall be protected from breakage and from corrosive materials; voids around piping through concrete floors shall be sealed§ 312.1 .
    • Piping shall be installed so it is not subject to undue strains and provisions made for expansion, contraction, and settlement; no plumbing piping shall be directly embedded in concrete or masonry§ 312.2 .
    • Requirements on building‑sewer location and cover depth (decision thresholds shown in the table below) — § 312.3 .
    • Piping subject to corrosion, erosion, or mechanical damage must be protected in an approved manner — § 312.4 .

Decision‑relevant dimensions/values (quick reference)

Issue Required minimum / rule Code Reference
Prohibition on disposal location Sewage/liquid wastes may only be disposed through an approved drainage system (no on-site dumping) § 303.1
Proper connection of fixtures Fixtures/drains/etc. must be properly connected to the drainage system § 304.1
Building sewer horizontal clearance Building sewer shall not be installed under or within 2 ft (610 mm) of a building or structure § 312.3
Building sewer minimum cover Building sewer shall be not less than 1 ft (305 mm) below the surface of the ground (i.e., shall not be less than this depth) § 312.3
Protection from breakage/corrosion Piping through walls or corrosive media must be protected from breakage or corrosion; seal voids around piping in concrete floors on ground § 312.1

4) Fire‑ and rated‑assembly penetrations during construction

  • Where piping penetrates fire‑resistance‑rated assemblies, those penetrations must be protected and firestopped as required by the building code and the plumbing firestop chapter; materials and systems for firestopping must be installed per the chapter requirements — see Chapter 14 (e.g., § 1401.1, § 1403.1) .

Exceptions & special cases

  • The code includes an explicit Exception for limited‑density owner‑built rural dwellings in both § 303.1 and § 304.1 allowing alternatives approved by the local health authority when they provide substantially equivalent protection; this is a narrow, administratively controlled exception — § 303.1 Exception and § 304.1 Exception .
  • The CPC text does not itself describe all permitted temporary on‑site methods (e.g., holding tanks, portable restroom pump‑outs) — those practices are typically governed by local AHJ policy or health authority direction. If you need definitive guidance on temporary measures, consult the local enforcing agency; the code provides the overarching prohibition and connection requirement but delegates some practical approvals to the AHJ — § 303.1, § 304.1 .

Common mistakes

  • Leaving fixtures or drain outlets to discharge to grade, into a trench, or into stormwater systems (violates § 303.1 and § 304.1) .
  • Installing a building sewer too shallow or too close to the building (failing to meet § 312.3 minimums) .
  • Not protecting piping passing through corrosive backfill or failing to seal voids where piping passes through ground slabs (violates § 312.1 and § 312.4) .
  • Neglecting to restore fire‑resistance when piping penetrates rated assemblies or to use approved firestop systems per the firestop chapter (see Chapter 14) .

Worked example

Scenario: A contractor is trenching for a new building sewer for a small commercial building. The pipe will run paralle l to the building foundation.

  • Measured trench centerline distance to foundation = 30 inches (2.5 ft).
  • Trench depth to top of pipe = 18 inches (1.5 ft).

Apply the code:

  • The building sewer must not be installed within 2 feet of the building (i.e., it must be > 2 ft away) — because the pipe is 2.5 ft away, it meets the horizontal clearance requirement in § 312.3 .
  • The building sewer must be not less than 1 ft (305 mm) below the surface; at 1.5 ft deep the trench meets the minimum cover requirement in § 312.3 .
  • The contractor must also ensure the pipe is protected from mechanical damage in the trench and from corrosive soils (apply § 312.1 and § 312.4) and must not leave any temporary fixture or discharge that bypasses an approved drainage system (see § 303.1 and § 304.1) .

Related provisions (select)

  • § 303.1 — Disposal of liquid waste (general prohibition)
  • § 304.1 — Connections to plumbing system required (general connection duty)
  • § 312.1 — Protection of piping, materials, and structures (protection from breakage and corrosion)
  • § 312.2 — Installation: avoiding undue strain; expansion/contraction; no direct embedding in concrete/masonry
  • § 312.3 — Building sewer and drainage piping location and minimum cover (horizontal and depth thresholds)
  • § 312.4 — Protection against corrosion, erosion, and mechanical damage
  • § 1401.1 / § 1403.1 — Firestop protection and installation requirements for penetrations of fire‑resistance assemblies (Chapter 14)
  • § 609.12.2 — Domestic hot water pipe insulation minimum wall thickness (installation / protection detail)

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Plumbing Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CPC § 312.2. High relevance — show source text

    (1) Be designed by a licensed plumbing contractor or a registered design professional in accordance with this code and the building code.

    (2) Be designed to accommodate expansion, contraction, and differential movement between parts of a tall wood (mass timber) building in accordance with Section 312.2. 301.7 One- and Two-Family Dwellings. [HCD 1] The provisions contained in this code shall not apply to one- and two-family dwelling private sewage disposal systems and minimum plumbing facilities when alternate facilities or installations have been approved by the local health author- ity, provided that such alternative facilities or installations provide substantially equivalent or greater protection to health and safety. 301.8 OSHPD 1R. [OSHPD 1R] For OSHPD 1R, refer to Section 309 of the California Existing Building Code for gen- eral requirements.

    302.0 Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Pipe. 302.1 General. Iron, steel, copper, and copper alloy pipe shall be standard-weight iron pipe size (IPS) pipe.

    303.0 Disposal of Liquid Waste. 303.1 General. It shall be unlawful for a person to cause, suffer, or permit the disposal of sewage, human excrement, or other liquid wastes, in a place or manner, except through and by means of an approved drainage system, installed and maintained in accordance with the provisions of this code. Exception: [HCD 1] Limited-density owner-built rural dwellings. A water closet shall not be required when an alter- nate system is provided and has been approved by the local health official. Where an alternative to the water closet is installed, a system for the disposal or treatment of graywater shall be provided to the dwelling. Graywater systems shall be designed according to water availability, use and discharge. The design, use and maintenance standards of such systems shall be the prerogative of the local health official.

    304.0 Connections to Plumbing System Required. 304.1 General. Plumbing fixtures, drains, appurtenances, and appliances, used to receive or discharge liquid wastes or sewage, shall be connected properly to the drainage system of the building or premises, in accordance with the requirements of this code.

    Exception: [HCD 1] Limited-density owner-built rural dwellings. Where conventional plumbing, in all or in part, is

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    GENERAL REGULATIONS

    installed within the structure, it shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of this code. Alternative materials and methods shall be permitted provided that the design complies with the intent of the code, and that such alternatives shall per- form to protect health and safety for the intended purpose.

    305.0 Damage to Drainage System or Public Sewer.

  • CPC § 101.4 High relevance — show source text

    [A] 101.4 Referenced codes. The other codes specified in Sections 101.4.1 through 101.4.7 and referenced elsewhere in this code shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference.

    [A] 101.4.1 Gas. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code and/or the California Mechanical Code shall apply to the installation of gas piping from the point of delivery, gas appliances and related accessories as covered in this code. These requirements apply to gas piping systems extending from the point of delivery to the inlet connections of appliances and the installation and operation of residential and commercial gas appliances and related accessories.

    [A] 101.4.2 Mechanical. The provisions of the California Mechanical Code shall apply to the installation, alterations, repairs and replacement of mechanical systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances, including ventilating, heating, cooling, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems, incinerators and other energy-related systems.

    [A] 101.4.3 Plumbing. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code shall apply to the installation, alteration, repair and replacement of plumbing systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances, and where connected to a water or sewage system and all aspects of a medical gas system. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code shall apply to private sewage disposal systems.

    [A] 101.4.4 Property maintenance. The provisions of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to existing structures and premises; equipment and facilities; light, ventilation, space heating, sanitation, life and fire safety hazards; responsibilities of owners, operators and occupants; and occupancy of existing premises and structures.

    [A] 101.4.5 Fire prevention. The provisions of the California Fire Code shall apply to matters affecting or relating to structures, processes and premises from the hazard of fire and explosion arising from the storage, handling or use of structures, materials or devices; from conditions hazardous to life, property or public welfare in the occupancy of structures or premises; and from the construction, extension, repair, alteration or removal of fire suppression, automatic sprinkler systems and alarm systems or fire hazards in the structure or on the premises from occupancy or operation.

    [A] 101.4.6 Energy. The provisions of the California Energy Code shall apply to all matters governing the design and construction of buildings for energy efficiency.

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    [A] 101.4.7 Existing buildings. The provisions of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to matters governing the repair, alteration, change of occupancy, addition to and relocation of existing buildings.

    [OSHPD 1] The provisions of Chapters 2, 3A, 4A and 5A of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to all matters governing the repairs, alterations, change of occupancy, additions and relocation of existing structures and portions thereof under OSHPD jurisdic- tion. All references to Chapters 3, 4 and 5 of the California Existing Building Code shall be replaced by equivalent provisions in Chapters 3A, 4A and 5A.

  • CPC § 101.1 High relevance — show source text

    PART 1—SCOPE AND APPLICATION

    SECTION 101—SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    [A] 101.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Building Code of [ NAME OF JURISDICTION ], hereinafter referred to as “this code.”

    [A] 101.2 Scope. The provisions of this code shall apply to the construction, alteration, relocation, enlargement, replacement, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, maintenance, removal and demolition of every building or structure or any appurtenances connected or attached to such buildings or structures.

    Exception: Detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses not more than three stories above grade plane in height with a separate means of egress, and their accessory structures not more than three stories above grade plane in height, shall comply with this code or the California Residential Code .

    [A] 101.2.1 Appendices. Provisions in the appendices shall not apply unless specifically adopted.

    [A] 101.3 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements to provide a reasonable level of safety, health and general welfare through structural strength, means of egress, stability, sanitation, light and ventilation, energy conservation, and for providing a reasonable level of life safety and property protection from the hazards of fire, explosion or dangerous conditions, and to provide a reasonable level of safety to firefighters and emergency responders during emergency operations.

    [A] 101.4 Referenced codes. The other codes specified in Sections 101.4.1 through 101.4.7 and referenced elsewhere in this code shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference.

    [A] 101.4.1 Gas. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code and/or the California Mechanical Code shall apply to the installation of gas piping from the point of delivery, gas appliances and related accessories as covered in this code. These requirements apply to gas piping systems extending from the point of delivery to the inlet connections of appliances and the installation and operation of residential and commercial gas appliances and related accessories.

    [A] 101.4.2 Mechanical. The provisions of the California Mechanical Code shall apply to the installation, alterations, repairs and replacement of mechanical systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances, including ventilating, heating, cooling, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems, incinerators and other energy-related systems.

    [A] 101.4.3 Plumbing. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code shall apply to the installation, alteration, repair and replacement of plumbing systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances, and where connected to a water or sewage system and all aspects of a medical gas system. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code shall apply to private sewage disposal systems.

    [A] 101.4.4 Property maintenance. The provisions of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to existing structures and premises; equipment and facilities; light, ventilation, space heating, sanitation, life and fire safety hazards; responsibilities of owners, operators and occupants; and occupancy of existing premises and structures.

  • CPC § 101.5 High relevance — show source text

    101.5 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced elsewhere in this code shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference.

    101.5.1 Building. The provisions of the California Building Code, California Residential Code and California Existing Building Code, as applicable, shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replacement, repair, use and occupancy, location, maintenance, removal and demolition of every structure or any appurtenances connected or attached to such buildings or structures.

    101.5.2 Electrical. The provisions of the California Electrical Code shall apply to the installation of electrical systems, including but not limited to, alterations, repair, replacement, equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances thereto.

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    101.5.3 Mechanical. The provisions of the California Mechanical Code shall apply to the installation, alterations, repair and replacement of mechanical systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and/or appurtenances, including ventilating, heating, cooling, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems, incinerators and other energy-related systems.

    101.5.4 Plumbing. The provisions of the California Plumbing Code shall apply to the installation, alteration, repair and replacement of plumbing systems, including equipment, appliances, fixtures, fittings and appurtenances where connected to a water or sewage system.

    101.5.5 Fire prevention. The provisions of CCR, Title 19, Division 1 and CCR, Title 24, Part 2 and Part 9 relating to fire and panic safety as adopted by the Office of the State Fire Marshal shall apply to all structures, processes and premises for protection from the hazard of fire, panic and explosion.

    101.5.6 Energy. The provisions of the California Energy Code shall apply to the minimum design and construction of buildings for energy efficiency.

    101.6 Order of precedence and use.

    101.6.1 Differences. In the event of any differences between these building standards and the standard reference documents, the text of these building standards shall govern. In the event a local amendment to this code results in differences between these building standards and the amendment, the text of the amendment shall govern.

    101.6.2 Specific provision. Where a specific provision varies from a general provision, the specific provision shall apply.

    101.6.3 Conflicts. When the requirements of this code conflict with the requirements of any other part of the California Building Standards Code, Title 24, the most restrictive requirement shall prevail.

    101.6.4 Explanatory notes. Explanatory material, such as references to websites or other sources where additional information may be found, is included in this code in the form of notes. Notes are informational only and are not enforceable requirements of this code.

    101.7 City, county, or city and county amendments, additions or deletions. This code is intended to set mandatory minimum Green Building Standards and includes optional tiers that may, at the discretion of any city, county, or city and county, be applied.

  • CPC § 11.0 High relevance — show source text

    11.0 - 1.11.11_|||X|||||||||||||||||||||| |1.13.0||||||||||||||||||||X||||| |Division II - Scope and
    Administration||||||||||||||||||||||||| |101.0||||||||||X|X|X||X|X|||||||||| |102.0||||||||||X|X|X||X|X|||||||||| |103.0||||||||||X|X|X||X|X|||||||||| |104.2 Items 1 & 2||||X|X|||||||||||||||||||| |104.3.1||||||||||X|X|X||X|X|||||||||| |104.4.3.1|X|||||||||||||||||||||||| |105.0||||||||||X|X|X||X|X||||||||||

    This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

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    CHAPTER 1

    ADMINISTRATION

    DIVISION I

    CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

    1.1.0 General.

    1.1.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Califor- nia Plumbing Code, may be cited as such and will be referred to herein as “this code.” The California Plumbing Code is Part 5 of thirteen parts of the official compilation and publi- cation of the adoption, amendment, and repeal of plumbing regulations to the California Code of Regulations, Title 24, also referred to as the California Building Standards Code. This part incorporates by adoption the 2024 Uniform Plumb- ing Code of the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials with necessary California amendments.

    1.1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements to safeguard the public health, safety and general welfare through structural strength, means of egress facilities, stability, access to persons with disabilities, sanitation, adequate lighting and ventilation, and energy con- servation; safety to life and property from fire and other haz- ards attributed to the built environment; and to provide safety to fire fighters and emergency responders during emergency operations.

    1.1.3 Scope. The provisions of this code shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replace- ment, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, main- tenance, removal, and demolition of every building or structure or any appurtenances connected or attached to such buildings or structures throughout the State of California.

  • CPC § 2025 High relevance — show source text

    Appendix I Installation Standards.

    Installation standards are industry standards that specify procedures for the installation of plumbing and mechanical products, and the inspection methods and procedures employed for the examination of such systems. These comprehensive standards add detailed information and guidance that a manufacturer or product installation instructions may not fully address. These standards give the user confidence with options from industry experts for installing plumbing products and assemblies in a safe and professional manner.

    Appendix J Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design.

    Appendix J provides an example of how to determine the required combination of indoor and outdoor combustion air opening sizes for appliances. The combustion air example also provides a table that contains the required volume of a space per the appliance Btu/h input that is based on the standard method.

    Appendix K Potable Rainwater Catchment Systems.

    Potable rainwater catchment system is defined as a system that uses the principal of collecting and using rain from a rooftop or other man-made, aboveground collection surface. This appendix applies to new rainwater catchment installations, as well as changes, additions, maintenance, and repairs to existing installations. Rainwater harvesting is the practice of collecting the water produced during rainfall events before it has a chance to run off into a river or stream or soak into the ground and become groundwater.

    Appendix L Sustainable Practices.

    This appendix provides a comprehensive set of technically sound provisions that encourage sustainable practices and works toward improving the design and construction of plumbing systems that result in a positive long-term environmental impact. Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that human beings need for economic or manufactured capital. Their sustainability is defined by their reliance on infinitely available resources that are naturally occurring, constant, and free to access.

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    FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

    Appendix M Peak Water Demand Calculator.

    This appendix provides a method for estimating the demand load for the building water supply and principal branches for single- and multi-family dwellings with water-conserving plumbing fixtures, fixture fittings, and appliances.

    Appendix N Impact Of Water Temperature On The Potential For Scalding And Legionella Growth.

    Legionnaires’ disease is a serious issue that is a threat to many citizens. It is known that the higher the temperature, the lower the risk for Legionella growth, but the higher the temperature, the higher the possibility for scalding. This appendix addresses Legionella growth potential and scald potential within specified temperature ranges. It contains definitions for terms used to describe water temperatures such as cold, tepid, warm, tempered hot, and disinfecting hot. Since plumbing systems operate within various temperature ranges, the public has a document that identifies such temperature ranges and the “potential” dangers within these temperature ranges.

    Appendix O Non-Sewered Sanitation Systems.

    This appendix contains provisions on non-sewered sanitation systems which are suitable for use in temporary or permanent settlements, including refugee camps, and are equally suited to both public and private use in isolated locations. Additionally, the appendix provides general safety and performance requirements for design and testing of non-sewered sanitation systems for prefabricated integrated treatment units. These systems will apply to any integrated sanitation system that is not attached to a sewer.

    Appendix P Professional Qualifications.

    Appendix P provides a b

  • California Plumbing Code High relevance — show source text

    Chapter 1 Administration.

    Chapter 1 regulates the application, enforcement, and administration of subsequent requirements of the code. As well as establishing the scope of the code, this chapter is concerned with enforcing the requirements contained in the body of the code. A plumbing code, as with any other code, is intended to be adopted as a legally enforceable document to safeguard health, safety, property, and public welfare. The code cannot be effective without satisfactory provisions for its administration and enforcement. The Authority Having Jurisdiction is to review the proposed and completed work and to decide whether a plumbing system conforms to the code requirements. As a public servant, the Authority Having Jurisdiction enforces the code in an unbiased, proper manner. The design professional is responsible for the design of a safe plumbing system. The contractor is responsible for installing the system in accordance with the plans.

    Chapter 2 Definitions.

    To maintain consistency and encourage the use of common terminology, Chapter 2 establishes definitions to provide clarity of terms and promote the use of a common language throughout the code. Understanding definitions within the context of their application enables greater collaboration, efficiency, standardization, and interpretation in applying and enforcing terms used throughout the code. Codes are technical documents, and every term can impact the meaning of the code text. Terms not defined have a normally accepted meaning.

    Chapter 3 General Regulations.

    Chapter 3 regulates the general requirements, not specific to other chapters, for installing plumbing systems. Many regulations are not specific plumbing requirements but relate to the overall plumbing system. This chapter contains safety requirements for installing plumbing and also contains nonplumbing requirements for identifying pipes, pipe fittings, traps, fixtures, materials, and devices used in plumbing systems. Listing method of approval, based on applicable nationally recognized standards, for the safe and proper installation of plumbing systems, is essential to ensure the protection of public health, safety, and welfare. The safety requirements provide protection for piping, material, and structures, with provisions for installation practices, removing stress and strain of the pipe, sleeving, and hanger support. The building’s structural stability is protected by the regulations for cutting and notching of structural members.

    Chapter 4 Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings.

    This chapter regulates the minimum number of plumbing fixtures of a specific type and quality for each building. The fixtures must be properly installed to be usable by the individuals occupying the building. The quality and design of every fixture must conform to the applicable referenced standard. Compliance with this chapter will result in a building or structure having acceptable plumbing fixtures for the sanitary, hygienic, cleaning, washing, and food preparation needs of the occupants. In addition to ensuring resilient fixtures, the chapter also takes into consideration gender-neutral facilities and contains provisions for privacy compartments.

    Chapter 5 Water Heaters.

    Chapter 5 regulates the design, approval, installation, and safety devices of fuel burning and other types of water heaters with the combustion air requirements for ventilation and dilution of flue gases for appliances installed in buildings. This chapter does not apply to direct-vent appliances. In addition, this chapter regulates the design, construction, installation, and maintenance of chimneys, vents, and their connections to fuel-burning appliances. Methods to supply combustion air may be supplied from an indoor air supply, outdoor air supply, a combination of indoor and outdoor air supply, mechanical air supply, or an engineered system. Combustion air provisions are based on the number of openings and the total

  • CPC § 1.11.0. High relevance — show source text

    only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section|||||||||||||||||||||||||

    This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

    2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 303

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    CHAPTER 14

    FIRESTOP PROTECTION

    1401.0 General.

    1401.1 Applicability. Piping penetrations of required fireresistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures shall be protected in accordance with the requirements of the building code, and this chapter.

    1402.0 Construction Documents.

    1402.1 Penetrations. Construction documents shall indicate with sufficient detail how penetrations of fire-resistancerated assemblies shall be firestopped prior to obtaining design approval.

    1403.0 Installation.

    1403.1 Materials. Firestop systems shall be installed in accordance with this chapter, the building code, and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

    1404.0 Combustible Piping Installations. 1404.1 General Requirements. Combustible piping installations shall be protected in accordance with the appropriate fire resistance rating requirements in the building code that list the acceptable area, height, and type of construction for use in specific occupancies to assure compliance and integrity of the fire resistance rating prescribed. 1404.2 Fire-Resistance Rating. Where penetrating a fireresistance-rated wall, partition, floor, floor-ceiling assembly, roof-ceiling assembly, or shaft enclosure, the fire-resistance rating of the assembly shall be restored to its original rating. 1404.3 Firestop Systems. Penetrations shall be protected by an approved penetration firestop system installed as tested in accordance with ASTM E119, ASTM E814, UL 263, or UL 1479 with a positive pressure differential of not less than 0.01 of an inch of water (0.002 kPa). Systems shall have an F rating of not less than 1 hour but not less than the required fireresistance rating of the assembly being penetrated. Systems protecting floor penetrations shall have a T rating of not less than 1 hour but not less than the required fire-resistance rating of the floor being penetrated. Floor penetrations contained within the cavity of a wall at the location of the floor penetration do not require a T rating. No T rating shall be required for floor penetrations by piping that is not in direct contact with combustible material.

    1404.4 Connections. Where piping penetrates a rated assembly, the combustible piping shall not connect to noncombustible piping unless it is capable of being demonstrated that the transition is in accordance with Section 1404.3.

  • CPC § 312.0 High relevance — show source text

    312.0 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures

    314.0 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill

    701.3 Drainage Fittings

    705.5.1.1 Butt Fusion Joints

    705.5.1.2 Electro-Fusion Joints

    705.5.1.3 Socket-Fusion Joints

    723.0 Building Sewer Test

    TABLE 1

    CLEANOUTS (See Section 4.6.1)

    The following standards from Tables 1701.1 and 1701.2 of the 2024 Uniform Plumbing Code apply.

    Table 1701.1 Standards

    ASTM D2239 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SIDRPR) Based on Controlled Inside Diameter

    ASTM D2683 Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing

    ASTM D3261 Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing

    ASTM F714 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DRPR) Based on Outside Diameter

    ASTM F894 Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe

    ASTM F1055 Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing

    ASTM F2620 Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings

    Table 1701.2 Standards

    ASTM D2657 Heat Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings

    IAPMO PS 25 Metallic Fittings for Joining Polyethylene Pipe for Water Service and Yard Piping

    Note: For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm

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    454 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

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    "The information contained in this appendix is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. As such, this appendix may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard."

    The following IAPMO Installation Standard is included here for the convenience of the users of the Uniform Plumbing Code. It is not considered as a part of the Uniform Plumbing Code unless formally adopted as such. This Installation Standard is an independent, stand-alone document published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials and is printed herein by the expressed written permission of IAPMO.

    INSTALLATION STANDARD FOR PEX TUBING SYSTEMS

    FOR HOT- AND COLD-WATER DISTRIBUTION

    IAPMO IS 31-2022

    The provisions contained in this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically adopted by a state agency, or referenced in the adopting ordinance.

    1 Scope

    1.1 General

    1.1.1 This Standard specifies requirements for the installation of SDR 9 CTS crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing and fittings, including cold-expansion, crimp, press, and mechanical compression fittings, intended for hot- and cold-water distribution systems within buildings.

    1.1.2 This Standards applies to

  • CPC § 1.11.0. High relevance — show source text

    Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section|BSC|BSC-
    CG|SFM|1|2|1-AC|AC|** SS**|SS/CC|1|1R|2|3|4|5|6|6|6|6|6|6|6|6|6| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section|||X|||||||X|X|X|X|X|X|X||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section|||||||||||||||||||||||||

    This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

    2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 303

    ), Copyright © 2025 IAPMO, and may not be used for any other purpose or distributed to any other persons or parties.

    304 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

    ), Copyright © 2025 IAPMO, and may not be used for any other purpose or distributed to any other persons or parties.

    CHAPTER 14

    FIRESTOP PROTECTION

    1401.0 General.

    1401.1 Applicability. Piping penetrations of required fireresistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures shall be protected in accordance with the requirements of the building code, and this chapter.

    1402.0 Construction Documents.

    1402.1 Penetrations. Construction documents shall indicate with sufficient detail how penetrations of fire-resistancerated assemblies shall be firestopped prior to obtaining design approval.

    1403.0 Installation.

    1403.1 Materials. Firestop systems shall be installed in accordance with this chapter, the building code, and the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

  • CPC § 7303.1 High relevance — show source text

    Board of Barbering and Cosmetology.

    ApplicationAny establishment or mobile unit where barbering, cosmetology, or electrolysis is being per- formed.

    Enforcing AgencyState or local agency specified by applicable provisions of law.

    Authority CitedBusiness and Professions Code Sec- tion 7312.

    ReferencesBusiness and Professions Code Sections 7303, 7303.1, 7312, and 7313.

    1.4.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym CA.

    1.5.0 Reserved for California Energy Commission.

    1.6.0 Department of Food and Agriculture.

    1.6.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, unless otherwise stated.

    ApplicationDairies and places of meat and poultry

    inspection.

    Enforcing AgencyDepartment of Food and Agricul-

    ture.

    Authority CitedFood and Agricultural Code Sections

    18735, 18960, 19384, 33481, and 33731.

    ReferencesFood and Agricultural Code Sections 18735, 18960, 19384, 33481, and 33731.

    1.6.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym AGR.

    1.7.0 Department of Public Health.

    1.7.1 Specific scope of application of the agency responsible for enforcement, the enforcement agency, and the specific authority to adopt and enforce such provisions of this code, unless otherwise stated.

    Department of Public Health.

    ApplicationCommissaries serving mobile food prepa- ration units, food establishments, and organized camps.

    Enforcing AgencyDepartment of Health Services and local health agency.

    Authority CitedHealth and Safety Code Sections 18897.2, 110065, 113710, and 131200.

    ReferencesHealth and Safety Code Sections 18897.2, 18897.4, 18897.7, 110065, 113705, 113710, and 131200.

    1.7.2 Adopting Agency Identification. The provisions of this code applicable to buildings identified in this section will be identified in the Matrix Adoption Tables under the acronym DPH.

    1.8.0 Department of Housing and Community Development.

    [HCD]

    1.8.1 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish mini- mum requirements necessary to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of the occupants and the public by governing the erection, construction, reconstruction, enlargement, con- version, alteration, repair, moving, removal, demolition, san- itation, ventilation, and maintenance or use of plumbing equipment or systems.

  • CPC § 2025 High relevance — show source text

    Gas Piping| |13|Health Care Facilities and Medical Gas and Medical Vacuum Systems| |14|Firestop Protection| |15|Alternate Water Sources for Nonpotable Applications| |16|Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems| |17|Referenced Standards| |Appendix A|Recommended Rules for Sizing the Water Supply System| |Appendix B|Explanatory Notes on Combination Waste and Vent Systems| |Appendix C|Alternate Plumbing Systems| |Appendix D|Sizing Storm Water Drainage Systems| |Appendix E|Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks| |Appendix F|Firefighter Breathing Air Replenishment Systems| |Appendix G|Sizing of Venting Systems| |Appendix H|Private Sewage Disposal Systems| |Appendix I|Installation Standards| |Appendix J|Combination of Indoor and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design| |Appendix K|Potable Rainwater Catchment Systems| |Appendix L|Sustainable Practices| |Appendix M|Peak Water Demand Calculator| |Appendix N|Impact of Water Temperature on the Potential for Scalding and Legionella Growth| |Appendix O|Non-Sewered Sanitation Systems| |Appendix P|Professional Qualifications| |Appendix Q|Indoor Horticultural Facilities| |Appendix R|Tiny Houses| |Appendix S|Onsite Stormwater Treatment Systems|

    2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE xiii

    ), Copyright © 2025 IAPMO, and may not be used for any other purpose or distributed to any other persons or parties.

    FORMAT OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

    The following is a summary of the scope and intent of the provisions addressed within the chapters and appendices of the Uniform Plumbing Code :

    Chapter 1 Administration.

    Chapter 1 regulates the application, enforcement, and administration of subsequent requirements of the code. As well as establishing the scope of the code, this chapter is concerned with enforcing the requirements contained in the body of the code. A plumbing code, as with any other code, is intended to be adopted as a legally enforceable document to safeguard health, safety, property, and public welfare. The code cannot be effective without satisfactory provisions for its administration and enforcement. The Authority Having Jurisdiction is to review the proposed and completed work and to decide whether a plumbing system conforms to the code requirements. As a public servant, the Authority Having Jurisdiction enforces the code in an unbiased, proper manner. The design professional is responsible for the design of a safe plumbing system. The contractor is responsible for installing the system in accordance with the plans.

    Chapter 2 Definitions.

    To maintain consistency and encourage the use of common terminology, Chapter 2 establishes definitions to provide clarity of terms and promote the use of a common language throughout the code. Understanding definitions within the context of their application enables greater collaboration, efficiency, standardization, and interpretation in applying and enforcing terms used throughout the code. Codes are technical documents, and every term can impact the meaning of the code text. Terms not defined have a normally accepted meaning.

    Chapter 3 General Regulations.

    Chapter 3 regulates the general requirements, not specific to other chapters, for installing plumbing systems. Many regulations are not specific plumbing requirements but relate to the overall plumbing system. This chapter contains safety requirements for installing plumbing and also contains nonplumbing requirements for identifying pipes, pipe fittings, traps, fixtures, materials, and devices used in plumbing systems.

Frequently asked questions

Must contractors connect temporary jobsite toilets to the building sewer during construction?

No — the CPC (through § 303.1 and § 304.1) forbids disposing sewage except to an approved drainage system, but it does not prescribe every acceptable temporary method in the text. Acceptable temporary arrangements (holding tanks, licensed pump‑outs, temporary connections) are typically approved by the local AHJ or health authority under those sections .

Can I bury plumbing pipe directly in concrete?

No — the code states no plumbing piping shall be directly embedded in concrete or masonry; provide proper sleeves, protection, and sealing as required by § 312.2 and § 312.1 .

What is the minimum cover for a building sewer?

The code requires the building sewer to be not less than 1 foot (305 mm) below the surface of the ground (and not installed under or within 2 ft (610 mm) of a building) — see § 312.3 .

If a pipe penetrates a rated floor or wall during construction, what must be done?

Penetrations of fire‑resistance‑rated assemblies must be protected and the fire‑resistance restored using approved firestop systems installed per Chapter 14 requirements (see § 1401.1, § 1403.1) .

Does the CPC allow alternate methods for rural owner‑builders?

There is a specific exception in § 303.1 and § 304.1 for limited‑density owner‑built rural dwellings allowing alternatives approved by the local health official, provided they afford substantially equivalent protection to health and safety .

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