CRC · California Residential Code
What nominal thickness and attachment rules apply to exterior wall coverings?
Homeowner summary: The CRC requires exterior siding to meet the minimum nominal thickness and fastener type/spacing shown in Table R703.3(1) (and related tables), assumes **16‑inch stud spacing**, requires corrosion‑resistant fasteners, special rules for foam sheathing, and stronger design where wind pressures are high — always confirm the siding manufacturer’s approved instructions and the CRC tables (§ R703.3 and § R703.3.3). file
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2-4 sentences
In plain terms: the California Residential Code requires that the nominal thickness and the fastening of exterior wall coverings follow the minimums shown in Table R703.3(1), the material-specific rules in Section § R703, and the siding manufacturer’s instructions; these nominal thicknesses assume a maximum stud spacing of 16 inches on center. The general rule is stated in § R703.3 and the fastener/corrosion requirements are in § R703.3.3.
The single most important practical rule: use the minimum nominal thickness and fastener type/spacing from Table R703.3(1) (or the manufacturer’s approved instructions) and make sure fasteners either penetrate the stud where required or meet the optional sheathing-attachment schedule.
Requirements in detail
Scope and controlling text
The controlling section is § R703.3 (Wall covering nominal thickness and attachments). It mandates use of Table R703.3(1), other material rules in Section R703, and the cladding manufacturer's instructions. Nominal thickness values are based on 16‑inch stud spacing unless the manufacturer’s test report allows otherwise.
Fasteners must be corrosion‑resistant (aluminum, galvanized, stainless or other approved coating) and comply with ASTM F1667; specific fastener types and spacing are in § R703.3.3 and Table R703.3(1) (and the optional Table R703.3.3 for attachment to wood structural panel sheathing).
Key definitions/thresholds (first-occurrence bolded)
- Nominal thickness — the minimum panel/board thickness used to determine capacity and attachment (see Table R703.3(1)). 16‑inch on center stud spacing is the design baseline for those nominal thicknesses.
- Cladding weight categories — used for some fastener/attachment rules (for example, many panel/lap sidings fall in the 3 psf category referenced in the code footnotes).
- Foam sheathing limitations — special attachment rules apply when cladding is over foam sheathing; see § R703.15 through § R703.17.
Decision‑relevant dimensions/values (summary table)
The code contains long tables; below are common, decision‑relevant entries and where to confirm them in the CRC.
| Material / situation | Typical minimum nominal thickness or weight | Typical fastener / spacing examples | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anchored masonry veneer (brick/stone) | 2 in. nominal veneer; see masonry rules | Anchorage and support per anchored veneer rules | § R703.3 / § R703.8 |
| Adhered masonry veneer | — (use § R703.12 details) | See § R703.12 | § R703.3 / § R703.12 |
| Fiber cement panel / panel siding | 5/16 in. (example entry) | Fasteners per Table R703.3(1) (nail type/spacing shown there) | Table R703.3(1) / § R703.10.1 |
| Panel or lap siding (weighing ≤ 3 psf) attached to wood structural panel sheathing | N/A (depends on material) | Optional: ring‑shank roofing nail 0.120″ dia. at 12 in. o.c.; or ring‑shank 0.148″ at 15 in. o.c.; No.6 screw at 12 in. o.c.; No.8 screw at 16 in. o.c. (per Table R703.3.3) | Table R703.3(1) and Table R703.3.3 |
| Fastener substitution for cold‑formed steel framing | N/A | Nail diameter → minimum screw size (e.g., 0.120″ nail → No. 8 screw) per Table R703.3(2) | Table R703.3(2) / § R703.3.3 |
| Clearance for vinyl-type claddings | N/A | 6 in. from grade; 1/2 in. from adjacent surfaces | § R703.3.1 |
| Wind / high‑pressure limitations | N/A | If design wind pressure > 30 psf or Table limits exceeded, cladding attachment must be designed per R301.2.1 | § R703.3.2 and Table R703.3.2 |
Notes on the table entries: the code table entries are extensive and material‑specific; always check the full Table R703.3(1) for the exact nail size, head type and spacing for the specific siding product and substrate.
Fasteners, penetration, and sheathing rules
Fasteners must be aluminum, galvanized, stainless or other approved corrosion‑resistant material and conform to ASTM F1667; nails should be T‑head, modified round head or round head and staples (if used) meet minimum crown and gauge requirements. See § R703.3.3.
Where cladding is attached over fiberboard, gypsum, or foam sheathing, the code requires nails or staples be driven into the studs (not just into the sheathing). Where wood or wood structural panel sheathing is used, fasteners shall be driven into studs unless the manufacturer or Table R703.3.3 permits otherwise. Footnotes to Table R703.3.3 require fastener length be sufficient to penetrate the back side of the wood structural panel by at least 1/4 inch.
Attachment to cold‑formed steel framing must follow the manufacturer’s instructions, Table R703.3(1) using screw substitutions per Table R703.3(2), or an approved design.
Exceptions & special cases
Water‑resistive barrier (WRB) exception: a WRB is not required for certain unconditioned detached accessory structures provided: siding is attached direct to studs, walls are uninsulated, and the interior has no wall covering (see the WRB exception in the WRB section referenced by § R703.2). This is a narrow exception—most habitable buildings require a WRB.
Foam sheathing: cladding attachment over foam has separate minimum fastening requirements in § R703.15 – § R703.17 (direct attachment and furring options) and maximum foam thickness limits for direct attachment; the cladding manufacturer’s specific instructions, if approved, can govern. Do not assume standard fastener schedules apply over foam without checking these sections. file
Wind: where design wind pressures exceed 30 psf or the numeric limits in Table R703.3.2 are exceeded, attachment must be designed for the component and cladding loads per § R301.2.1 (in other words, follow structural design requirements rather than the prescriptive Table).
Common mistakes
Driving fasteners only into sheathing when the code (or table footnotes) requires penetration into studs—especially when foam, fiberboard, or gypsum sheathing are present. The code explicitly requires stud penetration for these backings.
Ignoring the manufacturer’s installation instructions. § R703.3 requires the manufacturer’s approved instructions be followed; where those instructions differ (and are supported by test reports or approved documentation), they control.
Using the wrong fastener material or head type (non‑corrosion resistant, wrong head shape) — § R703.3.3 specifies acceptable materials and head types.
Applying prescriptive fastener spacing in high‑wind areas without checking § R703.3.2 and Table R703.3.2; exceedance of wind limits requires engineered attachment.
Overlooking the special rules for foam sheathing: direct attachment limits, required fastener lengths, or required furring. See § R703.15–R703.17.
Worked example — applying the rules numerically
Scenario: You will install a panel lap siding that weighs ≤ 3 psf over 7/16‑in. OSB wood structural panel sheathing (studs at 16 in. o.c.), and you are not using foam sheathing.
Check the material row and Table R703.3(1) for nominal thickness — if the product is a typical panel siding, confirm the manufacturer’s nominal thickness and that the code's minimum (e.g., 5/16 in. for some panel types) is met. Confirm in Table R703.3(1) and the applicable product section (for fiber cement panels see § R703.10.1).
Because the siding weighs ≤ 3 psf and you are fastening to wood structural panel sheathing (no foam over 2 in.), you may use the optional schedule in Table R703.3.3: choose a ring‑shank roofing nail (0.120″ min. dia.) at 12 in. o.c. across the siding width. Ensure nail length penetrates the back side of the wood structural panel by at least 1/4 in. (Table R703.3.3 footnote).
If instead you were fastening to cold‑formed steel framing, substitute screws per Table R703.3(2) (for a 0.120″ nail you would use a No. 8 screw) and ensure screw penetration meets the Table R703.3(2) requirements (penetrate a minimum of three threads through the steel).
Verify wind limits: if local component and cladding design wind pressure is > 30 psf, this prescriptive spacing is invalid and you must design attachment to resist the applicable wind loads per § R703.3.2.
Related provisions (quick reference)
- § R703.3 — Wall covering nominal thickness and attachments (controlling section).
- § R703.3.1 — Siding clearance at wall and adjacent surfaces (clearances for vinyl‑type siding).
- § R703.3.2 — Wind limitations for attachment; triggers design requirement when exceeded.
- § R703.3.3 — Fastener material, head type and general fastener requirements.
- Table R703.3(1) — Siding minimum attachment and minimum thickness (primary prescriptive table).
- Table R703.3.3 — Optional attachment schedule for siding where no stud penetration is necessary (sheathing attachment).
- Table R703.3(2) — Screw substitutions for attachment to cold‑formed steel framing.
- § R703.15 – § R703.17 — Cladding attachment over foam sheathing (special rules and limits). file
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Residential Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CRC § 5.1.1. High relevance — show source text
Where the water-resistive barrier also functions as a component of a continuous air barrier, the waterresistive barrier shall be installed as an air barrier in accordance with Section N1102.5.1.1. Water-resistive barrier materials shall comply with one of the following:
No. 15 felt complying with ASTM D226, Type 1.
ASTM E2556, Type 1 or 2.
Foam plastic insulating sheathing water-resistive barrier systems complying with Section R703.1.1 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
ASTM E331 in accordance with Section R703.1.1.
Other approved materials in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. No.15 asphalt felt and water-resistive barriers complying with ASTM E2556 shall be applied horizontally, with the upper layer lapped over the lower layer not less than 2 inches (51 mm), and where joints occur, shall be lapped not less than 6 inches (152 mm). Exception: A water-resistive barrier shall not be required in unconditioned detached tool sheds, storage sheds, playhouses, and other similar accessory structures provided all of the following requirements are met:
Exterior wall covering is limited to siding that is attached direct to studs.
Exterior walls are uninsulated.
Interior side of exterior walls has no wall covering or wall finishes. R703.3 Wall covering nominal thickness and attachments. The nominal thickness and attachment of exterior wall coverings shall be in accordance with Table R703.3(1), the wall covering material requirements of this section, and the wall covering manufacturer’s installation instructions. Cladding attachment over foam sheathing shall comply with the additional requirements and limitations of Sections R703.15 through R703.17. Nominal material thicknesses in Table R703.3(1) are based on a maximum stud spacing of 16 inches (406 mm) on center. Where specified by the siding manufacturer’s instructions and supported by a test report or other documentation, attachment to studs with greater spacing is permitted. Fasteners for exterior wall coverings attached to wood framing shall be in accordance with Section R703.3.3 and Table R703.3(1). Exterior wall coverings shall be attached to cold-formed steel light frame construction in accordance with the cladding manufacturer’s installation instructions, the requirements of Table R703.3(1) using screw fasteners substituted for the nails specified in accordance with Table R703.3(2), or an approved design.
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TABLE R703.3(1)—SIDING MINIMUM ATTACHMENT AND MINIMUM THICKNESS Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Col6 Col7 Col8 Col9 Col10 ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** NOMINAL**
THICKNESS
(inches)** JOINT**
TREATMENT** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE CRC § 48.9 High relevance — show source text
** Exterior wall finishes shall be plasters in accordance with Section BJ104.4, or nonplaster exterior wall coverings in accordance with Section R703 and other finish systems complying with all of the following:
- With approved specifications and details showing the finish system’s means of attachment to the wall or its independent support, and a means of draining or evaporating water that penetrates the exterior finish to the exterior.
- The vapor permeance of the combination of finish materials shall be 5 perms or greater to allow the transpiration of water vapor through the wall.
- Finish systems with weights greater than 10 or less than or equal to 20 pounds per square foot (> 48.9 and ≤ 97.8 kg/m) of wall area require a factor of 1.2 for minimum total length of braced wall panels in Table BJ106.13(3).
- Finish systems with weights greater than 20 pounds per square foot (97.8 kg/m) of wall area require an engineered design.
BJ104.2 Purpose, and where required. Strawbale walls shall be finished so as to provide mechanical protection, fire resistance and protection from weather and to restrict the passage of air through the bales, in accordance with this appendix and this code. Vertical strawbale wall surfaces shall receive a coat of plaster not less than [3] / 8 inch (10 mm) thick, or greater where required elsewhere in this appendix, or shall fit tightly against a solid wall panel or dense-packed cellulose insulation with a density of not less than 3.5 pounds per cubic foot (56 kg/m [3] ) blown into an adjacent framed wall. The tops of strawbale walls shall receive a coat of plaster not less than 3 / 8 inch (10 mm) thick or be tightly covered by gypsum board or a roof-bearing assembly.
Exception: Truth windows shall be permitted where a fire-resistance rating is not required. Weather-exposed truth windows shall be fitted with a weather-tight cover. Interior truth windows in Climate Zones 5, 6, 7, 8 and Marine 4 shall be fitted with an airtight
cover.
BJ104.3 Vapor retarders. Class I and II vapor retarders shall not be used on a strawbale wall, nor shall any other material be used that has a vapor permeance rating of less than 5 perms, except as permitted or required elsewhere in this appendix.
BJ104.4 Plaster. Plaster applied to bales shall be any type described in this section, and as required or limited in this appendix. Plaster thickness shall not exceed 2 inches (51 mm).
BJ104.4.1 Plaster and membranes. Plaster shall be applied directly to strawbale walls to facilitate transpiration of moisture from the bales, and to secure a mechanical bond between the skin and the bales, except where a membrane is allowed or required elsewhere in this appendix.
BJ104.4.2 Lath and mesh for plaster. The surface of the straw bales functions as lath, and other lath or mesh shall not be required, except as required for out-of-plane load resistance by Table BJ105.4 or for structural walls by Tables BJ106.12 and BJ106.13(1).
BJ104.4.3 Clay plaster. Clay plaster shall comply with Sections BJ104.4.3.1 through BJ104.4.3.6.
CRC § 0.447 High relevance — show source text
8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
NL = Not Limited by Table R703.3.2, DR = Design Required.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
NL = Not Limited by Table R703.3.2, DR = Design Required.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
NL = Not Limited by Table R703.3.2, DR = Design Required.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
NL = Not Limited by Table R703.3.2, DR = Design Required.|7-12 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE
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R703.3.3 Fasteners. Exterior wall coverings shall be securely fastened with aluminum, galvanized, stainless steel or rust-preventative coated nails or staples in accordance with Table R703.3(1) or with other approved corrosion-resistant fasteners in accordance with the wall covering manufacturer’s installation instructions. Nails and staples shall comply with ASTM F1667. Nails shall be T-head, modified round head, or round head with smooth or deformed shanks. Staples shall have a minimum crown width of [7] / 16 inch (11.1 mm) outside diameter and be manufactured of minimum 16-gage wire. Where fiberboard, gypsum, or foam plastic sheathing backing is used, nails or staples shall be driven into the studs. Where wood or wood structural panel sheathing is used, fasteners shall be driven into studs unless otherwise permitted to be driven into sheathing in accordance with either the siding manufacturer’s installation instructions or Table R703.3.3.
TABLE R703.3.3—OPTIONAL SIDING ATTACHMENT SCHEDULE FOR FASTENERS WHERE NO STUD PENETRATION NECESSARY Col2 Col3 ** APPLICATION** ** NUMBER AND**
TYPE OF FASTENER** SPACING**
OF FASTENERSbExterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.Ring shank roofing nail (0.120″ min. dia.) 12″ o.c. Exterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.Ring shank nail (0.148″ min. dia.) 15″ o.c. Exterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.No. 6 screw (0.138″ min. dia. CRC § 2.4. High relevance — show source text
2.4. Exterior wall envelope assemblies shall be subjected to the minimum test exposure for a minimum of 2 hours. The exterior wall envelope design shall be considered to resist wind-driven rain where the results of testing indicate that water did not penetrate control joints in the exterior wall envelope, joints at the perimeter of openings penetration or intersections of terminations with dissimilar materials.
R703.1.2 Wind resistance. Wall coverings, backing materials and their attachments shall be capable of resisting wind loads in accordance with Tables R301.2.1(1) and R301.2.1(2). Wind-pressure resistance of the siding, exterior soffit and backing materials shall be determined by ASTM E330 or other applicable standard test methods. Where wind-pressure resistance is determined by design analysis, data from approved design standards and analysis conforming to generally accepted engineering practice shall be used to evaluate the siding, exterior soffit and backing material and its fastening. All applicable failure modes including bending rupture of siding, fastener withdrawal and fastener head pull-through shall be considered in the testing or design analysis. Where the wall covering, exterior soffit and backing material resist wind load as an assembly, use of the design capacity of the assembly shall be permitted. R703.2 Water-resistive barrier. Not fewer than one layer of water-resistive barrier shall be applied over studs or sheathing of all exterior walls with flashing as indicated in Section R703.4, in such a manner as to provide a continuous water-resistive barrier behind the exterior wall veneer and behind deck ledgers. The water-resistive barrier material shall be continuous to the top of walls and terminated at penetrations and building appendages in a manner to meet the requirements of the exterior wall envelope as described in Section R703.1. Where the water-resistive barrier also functions as a component of a continuous air barrier, the waterresistive barrier shall be installed as an air barrier in accordance with Section N1102.5.1.1. Water-resistive barrier materials shall comply with one of the following:
No. 15 felt complying with ASTM D226, Type 1.
ASTM E2556, Type 1 or 2.
Foam plastic insulating sheathing water-resistive barrier systems complying with Section R703.1.1 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
ASTM E331 in accordance with Section R703.1.1.
Other approved materials in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. No.15 asphalt felt and water-resistive barriers complying with ASTM E2556 shall be applied horizontally, with the upper layer lapped over the lower layer not less than 2 inches (51 mm), and where joints occur, shall be lapped not less than 6 inches (152 mm). Exception: A water-resistive barrier shall not be required in unconditioned detached tool sheds, storage sheds, playhouses, and other similar accessory structures provided all of the following requirements are met:
Exterior wall covering is limited to siding that is attached direct to studs.
Exterior walls are uninsulated.
Interior side of exterior walls has no wall covering or wall finishes. R703.3 Wall covering nominal thickness and attachments. The nominal thickness and attachment of exterior wall coverings shall be in accordance with Table R703.3(1), the wall covering material requirements of this section, and the wall covering manufacturer’s installation instructions. Cladding attachment over foam sheathing shall comply with the additional requirements and limitations of Sections R703.15 through R703.17.
CRC § 3.3 High relevance — show source text
Where specified by the siding manufacturer’s instructions and supported by a test report or other documentation, attachment to studs with greater spacing is permitted. Fasteners for exterior wall coverings attached to wood framing shall be in accordance with Section R703.3.3 and Table R703.3(1). Exterior wall coverings shall be attached to cold-formed steel light frame construction in accordance with the cladding manufacturer’s installation instructions, the requirements of Table R703.3(1) using screw fasteners substituted for the nails specified in accordance with Table R703.3(2), or an approved design.
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TABLE R703.3(1)—SIDING MINIMUM ATTACHMENT AND MINIMUM THICKNESS Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Col6 Col7 Col8 Col9 Col10 ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** NOMINAL**
THICKNESS
(inches)** JOINT**
TREATMENT** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** TYPE OF SUPPORTS FOR THE SIDING MATERIAL AND FASTENERS** ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** SIDING MATERIAL** ** NOMINAL**
THICKNESS
(inches)** JOINT**
TREATMENT** Wood or wood**
structural panel
sheathing into
stud** Fiberboard**
sheathing
into stud** Gypsum**
sheathing
into stud** Foam**
plastic
sheathing
into studl** Direct to**
studs** Number or**
spacing of
fastenersAnchored veneer: brick,
concrete, masonry or stone
(see Section R703.8)Anchored veneer: brick,
concrete, masonry or stone
(see Section R703.8)2 Section
R703.8Section R703.8 Section R703.8 Section R703.8 Section R703.8 Section R703.8 Section R703.8 Adhered veneer: concrete,
stone or masonry
(see Section R703.12)Adhered veneer: concrete,
stone or masonry
(see Section R703.12)— Section
R703.12Section R703.12 Section R703.12 Section R703.12 Section R703.12 Section R703.12 Section R703.12 Fiber cement
sidingPanel siding
(see Section
R703.10.1)5/16 Section
R703.10.16d common (2″ ×
0.CRC § 12.7 High relevance — show source text
** Braced wall panels shall have gypsum wall board installed on the side of the wall opposite the bracing material. Gypsum wall board shall be not less than [1] / 2 inch (12.7 mm) in thickness and be fastened with nails or screws in accordance with Table R602.3(1) for exterior sheathing or Table R702.3.5 for interior gypsum wall board. Spacing of fasteners at panel edges for gypsum wall board opposite Method LIB bracing shall not exceed 8 inches (203 mm). Interior finish material shall not be glued in Seismic Design Categories D 0, D 1 and D 2 . Exceptions:
- Interior finish material is not required opposite wall panels that are braced in accordance with Methods GB, BVWSP, ABW, PFH, PFG and CS-PF, unless otherwise required by Section R302.6.
- An approved interior finish material with an in-plane shear resistance equivalent to gypsum board shall be permitted to be substituted, unless otherwise required by Section R302.6.
- Except for Method LIB, gypsum wall board is permitted to be omitted provided that the required length of bracing in Tables R602.10.3(1) and R602.10.3(3) is multiplied by the appropriate adjustment factor in Tables R602.10.3(2) and R602.10.3(4), respectively, unless otherwise required by Section R302.6. R602.10.4.4 Panel joints. Vertical joints of panel sheathing shall occur over and be fastened to common studs. Horizontal joints of panel sheathing in braced wall panels shall occur over and be fastened to common blocking of a thickness of 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) or greater.
Exceptions:
- For methods WSP and CS-WSP, blocking of horizontal joints is permitted to be omitted when adjustment factor No. 8 of Table R602.10.3(2) or No. 10 of Table R602.10.3(4) is applied.
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- Vertical joints of panel sheathing shall be permitted to occur over double studs, where adjoining panel edges are attached to separate studs with the required panel edge fastening schedule, and the adjacent studs are attached together with two rows of 10d box nails [3 inches by 0.128 inch (76.2 mm by 3.25 mm)] at 10 inches o.c. (254 mm).
- Blocking at horizontal joints shall not be required in wall segments that are not counted as braced wall panels.
- Where Method GB panels are installed horizontally, blocking of horizontal joints is not required.
R602.10.5 Minimum length of a braced wall panel. The minimum length of a braced wall panel shall comply with Table R602.10.5. For Methods CS-WSP and CS-SFB, the minimum panel length shall be based on the adjacent clear opening height in accordance with Table R602.10.5 and Figure R602.10.5. Where a panel has an opening on either side of differing heights, the taller opening height shall be used to determine the panel length.
|TABLE R602.10.
CRC § 3.3. High relevance — show source text
Where fiberboard, gypsum, or foam plastic sheathing backing is used, nails or staples shall be driven into the studs. Where wood or wood structural panel sheathing is used, fasteners shall be driven into studs unless otherwise permitted to be driven into sheathing in accordance with either the siding manufacturer’s installation instructions or Table R703.3.3.
TABLE R703.3.3—OPTIONAL SIDING ATTACHMENT SCHEDULE FOR FASTENERS WHERE NO STUD PENETRATION NECESSARY Col2 Col3 ** APPLICATION** ** NUMBER AND**
TYPE OF FASTENER** SPACING**
OF FASTENERSbExterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.Ring shank roofing nail (0.120″ min. dia.) 12″ o.c. Exterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.Ring shank nail (0.148″ min. dia.) 15″ o.c. Exterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.No. 6 screw (0.138″ min. dia.) 12″ o.c. Exterior wall covering (weighing 3 psf or less) attachment to wood structural panel
sheathing, either direct or over foam sheathing a maximum of 2 inches thick.a
Note: Does not apply to vertical siding.No. 8 screw (0.164″ min. dia.) 16″ o.c. For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.479 kPa.
a. Fastener length shall be sufficient to penetrate the back side of the wood structural panel sheathing by at least1/4 inch. The wood structural panel sheathing shall be not less
than7/16 inch in thickness.
b. Spacing of fasteners is per 12 inches of siding width. For other siding widths, multiply “Spacing of Fasteners” above by a factor of 12/s, where “s” is the siding width in inches.
Fastener spacing shall never be greater than the manufacturer’s minimum recommendations.For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.479 kPa.
a. Fastener length shall be sufficient to penetrate the back side of the wood structural panel sheathing by at least1/4 inch. The wood structural panel sheathing shall be not less
than7/16 inch in thickness.
b. Spacing of fasteners is per 12 inches of siding width. For other siding widths, multiply “Spacing of Fasteners” above by a factor of 12/s, where “s” is the siding width in inches.
Fastener spacing shall never be greater than the manufacturer’s minimum recommendations.For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.479 kPa.
a. Fastener length shall be sufficient to penetrate the back side of the wood structural panel sheathing by at least1/4 inch.CRC § 5.5 High relevance — show source text
Another shape of core is permitted provided the minimum thickness is 5.5 inches, the moment of inertia,I, about the centerline of the
wall is not less than 76 inch4, and the area,A, is not less than 30.25 square inches. The width used to calculate_A_ and_I_ shall not exceed 6.25 inches.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa, 1 pound per cubic foot = 2402.77 kg/m3, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm2, 1 inch4 = 42 cm4.
NA = Not Applicable.
a. Width “W,” thickness “T,” spacing and web thickness, refer to Figures R608.3(2) and R608.3(3).
b. Wall weight is based on a unit weight of concrete of 150 pcf. For flat walls the weight is based on the nominal thickness. The tabulated values do not include any allowance for
interior and exterior finishes.
c. Nominal wall thickness. The actual as-built thickness of a flat wall shall not be more than1/2 inch less or more than1/4 inch more than the nominal dimension indicated.
d. Vertical core is assumed to be elliptical-shaped. Another shape of core is permitted provided the minimum thickness is 5 inches, the moment of inertia,I, about the centerline
of the wall (ignoring the web) is not less than 65 inch4, and the area,A, is not less than 31.25 square inches. The width used to calculate_A_ and_I_ shall not exceed 8 inches.
e. Vertical core is assumed to be circular. Another shape of core is permitted provided the minimum thickness is 7 inches, the moment of inertia,I, about the centerline of the
wall (ignoring the web) is not less than 200 inch4, and the area,A, is not less than 49 square inches. The width used to calculate_A_ and_I_ shall not exceed 8 inches.
f. Vertical core is assumed to be circular. Another shape of core is permitted provided the minimum thickness is 5.5 inches, the moment of inertia,I, about the centerline of the
wall is not less than 76 inch4, and the area,A, is not less than 30.25 square inches. The width used to calculate_A_ and_I_ shall not exceed 6.25 inches.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa, 1 pound per cubic foot = 2402.77 kg/m3, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm2, 1 inch4 = 42 cm4.
NA = Not Applicable.
a. Width “W,” thickness “T,” spacing and web thickness, refer to Figures R608.3(2) and R608.3(3).
b. Wall weight is based on a unit weight of concrete of 150 pcf. For flat walls the weight is based on the nominal thickness. The tabulated values do not include any allowance for
interior and exterior finishes.
c. Nominal wall thickness. The actual as-built thickness of a flat wall shall not be more than1/2 inch less or more than1/4 inch more than the nominal dimension indicated.
d. Vertical core is assumed to be elliptical-shaped.CRC § 14.3 High relevance — show source text
Exception: Walls perpendicular to the line used to determine the fire separation distance.
R703.14.3 Flame spread index. The certification of the flame spread index shall be accompanied by a test report stating that all portions of the test specimen ahead of the flame front remained in position during the test in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723.
R703.15 Cladding attachment over foam sheathing to wood framing. Cladding shall be specified and installed in accordance with Section R703, the cladding manufacturer’s approved instructions, including any limitations for use over foam plastic sheathing, or an approved design. In addition, the cladding or furring attachments through foam sheathing to framing shall meet or exceed the minimum fastening requirements of Section R703.15.1, Section R703.15.2, or an approved design for support of cladding weight.
Exceptions:
- Where the cladding manufacturer has provided approved installation instructions for application over foam sheathing, those requirements shall apply.
- For exterior insulation and finish systems, refer to Section R703.9.
- For anchored masonry or stone veneer installed over foam sheathing, refer to Section R703.8.
R703.15.1 Direct attachment. Where cladding is installed directly over foam sheathing without the use of furring, cladding minimum fastening requirements to support the cladding weight shall be as specified in Table R703.15.1.
7-28 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
WALL COVERING
TABLE R703.15.1—CLADDING MINIMUM FASTENING REQUIREMENTS FOR
DIRECT ATTACHMENT OVER FOAM PLASTIC SHEATHING TO SUPPORT CLADDING WEIGHTaCol2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Col6 Col7 Col8 Col9 Col10 Col11 Col12 Col13 ** CLADDING**
FASTENER
MINIMUM
PENETRATION
INTO WOOD
**WALL FRAMINGb **CLADDING
FASTENER
TYPE AND
MINIMUM SIZEc** CLADDING**
FASTENER
VERTICAL
SPACINGd
(inches)** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** MAXIMUM THICKNESS OF FOAM SHEATHINGe
(inches)**** CRC § 1.48 High relevance — show source text
16| |4 × 4 ×1/4 wall thickness|120|1.48|2.59|3.50|4.30| |6 double extra strong
0.864 wall thickness|80|0.59|1.46|2.23|2.92| |6 double extra strong
0.864 wall thickness|100|0.73|1.71|2.54|3.29| |6 double extra strong
0.864 wall thickness|110|0.80|1.82|2.69|3.47| |6 double extra strong
0.864 wall thickness|120|0.86|1.93|2.83|3.63| |6 extra strong 0.432
wall thickness|80|0.94|1.90|2.70|3.42| |6 extra strong 0.432
wall thickness|100|1.10|2.13|2.98|3.74| |6 extra strong 0.432
wall thickness|110|1.17|2.22|3.11|3.89| |6 extra strong 0.432
wall thickness|120|1.24|2.34|3.24|4.04| |6 standard 0.280
wall thickness|80|1.14|2.12|2.93|3.64| |6 standard 0.280
wall thickness|100|1.29|2.33|3.19|3.94| |6 standard 0.280
wall thickness|110|1.36|2.43|3.31|4.08| |6 standard 0.280
wall thickness|120|1.42|2.53|3.43|4.22| |5 double extra strong
0.750 wall thickness|80|0.70|1.61|2.40|3.12| |5 double extra strong
0.750 wall thickness|100|0.85|1.86|2.71|3.47| |5 double extra strong
0.750 wall thickness|110|0.91|1.97|2.85|3.63| |5 double extra strong
0.750 wall thickness|120|0.98|2.02|2.99|3.79| |5 extra strong 0.375
wall thickness|80|1.04|2.01|2.83|3.54| |5 extra strong 0.375
wall thickness|100|1.19|2.23|3.09|3.85| |5 extra strong 0.375
wall thickness|110|1.26|2.34|3.22|4.00| |5 extra strong 0.375
wall thickness|20|1.32|2.44|3.34|4.14| |5 standard 0.258
wall thickness|80|1.20|2.19|3.00|3.72| |5 standard 0.258
wall thickness|100|1.34|2.39|3.25|4.00| |5 standard 0.258
wall thickness|110|1.41|2.49|3.37|4.14| |5 standard 0.258
wall thickness|120|1.47|2.58|3.49|4.28| |4 double extra strong
0.674 wall thickness|80|0.80|1.75|2.56|3.CRC § 25.4 High relevance — show source text
Number 6 indicates minimum permitted nominal wall thickness in inches necessary to develop required strength (capacity) of connection. As a minimum, this nominal thick-
ness shall occur in the portion of the wall indicated by the cross hatching in Figure R608.9(12). For the remainder of the wall, see Note b.
e. Letter “B” indicates that a5/8-inch-diameter anchor bolt is required.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
a. This table is for use with the detail in Figure R608.9(12). Use of this detail is permitted where a cell is not shaded.
b. Wall design per other provisions of Section R608 is required.
c. For wind design, minimum 4-inch-nominal wall is permitted in cells that do not contain a number.
d. Number 6 indicates minimum permitted nominal wall thickness in inches necessary to develop required strength (capacity) of connection. As a minimum, this nominal thick-
ness shall occur in the portion of the wall indicated by the cross hatching in Figure R608.9(12). For the remainder of the wall, see Note b.
e. Letter “B” indicates that a5/8-inch-diameter anchor bolt is required.|R608.9.1 Connections between concrete walls and light-frame floor, ceiling and roof systems. Connections between concrete walls and light-frame floor, ceiling and roof systems using the prescriptive details of Figures R608.9(1) through R608.9(12) shall comply with this section and Sections R608.9.2 and R608.9.3.
R608.9.1.1 Anchor bolts. Anchor bolts used to connect light-frame floor, ceiling and roof systems to concrete walls in accordance with Figures R608.9(1) through R608.9(12) shall have heads, or shall be rods with threads on both ends with a hex or square nut on the end embedded in the concrete. Bolts and threaded rods shall comply with Section R608.5.2.2. Anchor bolts with J- or L-hooks shall not be used where the connection details in these figures are used.
R608.9.1.2 Removal of stay-in-place form material at bolts. Holes in stay-in-place forms for installing bolts for attaching facemounted wood ledger boards to the wall shall be not less than 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter for forms not greater than 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) in thickness, and increased 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter for each [1] / 2 -inch (12.7 mm) increase in form thickness. Holes in stayin-place forms for installing bolts for attaching face-mounted cold-formed steel tracks to the wall shall be not less than 4 inches (102 mm) square. The wood ledger board or steel track shall be in direct contact with the concrete at each bolt location. Exception: A vapor retarder or other material less than or equal to [1] / 16 inch (1.6 mm) in thickness is permitted to be installed between the wood ledger or cold-formed track and the concrete.
R608.9.2 Connections between concrete walls and light-frame floor systems. Connections between concrete walls and lightframe floor systems shall be in accordance with one of the following: 1.
CRC § 0.099 High relevance — show source text
TABLE R703.3(2)—SCREW FASTENER SUBSTITUTION FOR SIDING
ATTACHMENT TO COLD-FORMED STEEL LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTIONa, b, c, d, eCol2 ** NAIL DIAMETER PER TABLE R703.3(1)** ** MINIMUM SCREW FASTENER SIZE** 0.099″ No. 6 0.113″ No. 7 0.120″ No. 8 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
a. Screws shall comply with ASTM C1513 and shall penetrate a minimum of three threads through minimum 33 mil (20 gage) cold-formed steel frame construction.
b. Screw head diameter shall be not less than the nail head diameter required by Table R703.3(1).
c. Number and spacing of screw fasteners shall comply with Table R703.3(1).
d. Pan head, hex washer head, modified truss head or other screw head types with a flat attachment surface under the head shall be used for vinyl siding attachment.
e. Aluminum siding shall not be fastened directly to cold-formed steel light frame construction.For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
a. Screws shall comply with ASTM C1513 and shall penetrate a minimum of three threads through minimum 33 mil (20 gage) cold-formed steel frame construction.
b. Screw head diameter shall be not less than the nail head diameter required by Table R703.3(1).
c. Number and spacing of screw fasteners shall comply with Table R703.3(1).
d. Pan head, hex washer head, modified truss head or other screw head types with a flat attachment surface under the head shall be used for vinyl siding attachment.
e. Aluminum siding shall not be fastened directly to cold-formed steel light frame construction.R703.3.1 Siding clearance at wall and adjacent surfaces. Unless otherwise specified by the cladding manufacturer or this code, polypropylene, insulated vinyl and vinyl claddings shall have clearance of not less than 6 inches (152 mm) from the ground and not less than [1] / 2 inch (13 mm) from other adjacent surfaces (decks, roofs, slabs).
R703.3.2 Wind limitations. Where the design wind pressure exceeds 30 psf or where the limits of Table R703.3.2 are exceeded, the attachment of wall coverings shall be designed to resist the component and cladding loads specified in Table R301.2.1(1) for walls, adjusted for height and exposure in accordance with Table R301.2.1(2). For the determination of wall covering, component and cladding loads shall be determined using an effective wind area of 10 square feet (0.93 m [2] ).
|TABLE R703.3.2—LIMITS FOR ATTACHMENT PER TABLE R703.
Frequently asked questions
What if my siding manufacturer’s instructions differ from Table R703.3(1)?
Follow the manufacturer’s approved instructions if they are supported by a test report or other approved documentation; § R703.3 allows the manufacturer’s instructions to control when supported.
Can I fasten light panel siding only to sheathing (not studs)?
Only in limited cases: where wood structural panel sheathing is used and the optional Table R703.3.3 schedule applies (and the sheathing meets the thickness and fastener‑length footnotes). If backing is fiberboard, gypsum or foam, nails/staples must be driven into studs.
What fastener material must I use for exterior siding?
Fasteners must be corrosion‑resistant — aluminum, galvanized, stainless steel or other approved coatings — and meet ASTM F1667, per § R703.3.3.
How does foam sheathing change attachment?
Cladding over foam is governed by § R703.15–§ R703.17. There are maximum foam thickness limits for direct attachment, and minimum fastener lengths and spacing (or use of furring) are specified. Always check those sections and the cladding manufacturer’s instructions. file
When do I need an engineered attachment design?
If the design wind pressure exceeds 30 psf or the limits in Table R703.3.2 are exceeded, attachment must be designed to resist the component and cladding loads in Table R301.2.1(1) (i.e., engineered or designed).
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