CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code
Under what circumstances may the State Fire Marshal reject items despite standard compliance?
Even if a product follows a referenced standard, the State Fire Marshal can require extra testing or deny approval when "other features" or "unusual constructions" could reduce safety; listed parts don't guarantee approval of the assembled unit (see §§ 12-72-101(d) and 12-72-301(d)).
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2-4 sentences
The State Fire Marshal may refuse approval or listing even when a product otherwise meets the referenced standard when, on examination and testing, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. This authority is stated in § 12-72-101(d) for protective signaling systems and in § 12-72-301(d) for detectors and similar devices.
The single most important rule: if an item’s design or construction contains unexpected features or unusual constructions that could defeat the intended safety performance, the State Fire Marshal can require more testing or simply refuse approval.
Plain-English restatement of the authority
The code says: meeting the text of a standard is necessary but not always sufficient — the State Fire Marshal may demand additional performance testing or deny approval when a submitted item’s actual construction, combination, or unusual features could reduce safety.
Requirements in detail
The CRSC gives a short, purposeful rule. Use the following decision dimensions to determine when rejection or extra testing is possible.
| Decision dimension | What to look for | Typical values/examples | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Basis for non-approval | Presence of other features that could impair intended result | Unlisted construction details, unconventional combinations, novel materials, changes that affect performance | § 12-72-101(d) |
| “Unusual constructions” | Construction or form that differs materially from the tested/standard design | Custom enclosures, nonstandard wiring routes, added components not in tested model | § 12-72-101(d) and § 12-72-301(d) |
| Listed component rule | Whether listed component parts are used without full re‑testing | Listed parts need not be retested individually, but the assembled combination is still subject to performance tests to verify suitability | § 12-72-101(b) and § 12-72-301(b) |
| Authority available to SFM | Actions SFM may take when issue identified | Require additional performance tests; refuse approval/listing | § 12-72-101(d) and § 12-72-301(d) |
| Documentation expectations | Test report and supporting data must be submitted | Engineering data, wiring diagrams, manuals, photographs, test results | § 12-72-101(a) and § 12-72-301(a) |
Key definitions (as used in the §§ above):
- Other features — any aspect of design or construction beyond the specific standard checklist that could change performance.
- Unusual constructions — constructions materially different in form or materials from the standard’s expected design.
Exceptions & special cases
Use of listed components: components already tested and listed by an approved agency “need not be individually retested,” but when incorporated into a control unit or combined system the assembled unit must still pass performance standard tests to confirm the components work together as intended. This means having listed parts does not guarantee approval of the assembled product. § 12-72-101(b) and § 12-72-301(b) explain this balance.
Differing constructions: if a product’s materials or forms of construction differ from the standard, the SFM may investigate and test “according to the intent of this standard,” and if substantially equivalent, approval may be granted — but only after the SFM’s review. The code recognizes the possibility of granting recognition after additional testing.
The CRSC text does not enumerate every specific feature that would cause rejection. It authorizes rejection for cause but leaves detailed, case‑by‑case application to the SFM’s examination and testing. If you need a definitive determination for a particular feature, the code indicates consultation with the Office of the State Fire Marshal is required.
Common mistakes
Assuming “listed” parts automatically make the whole assembly approved. The code explicitly requires testing of combinations for suitability even when parts are listed. § 12-72-101(b) and § 12-72-301(b).
Treating standard text compliance as an absolute guarantee. Both § 12-72-101(d) and § 12-72-301(d) state compliance “will not necessarily mean approval and listing.”
Overlooking documentation: test reports must include engineering data, diagrams, manuals and the tests performed — omission of required documentation weakens the case for approval. § 12-72-101(a) and § 12-72-301(a).
Worked example — applying the rule with numbers
Scenario:
- Manufacturer A submits a control unit assembled from three listed modules (power supply, signaling module, and alarm circuits). Each module is listed by an approved agency.
- The control unit uses a modified enclosure and wiring harness that reduces internal clearances and adds an auxiliary printed circuit board (PCB) not present in any listed module.
Step-by-step:
- The lab submits the test report with component listings and wiring diagrams as required by § 12-72-101(a).
- During assembly tests, examiners find the new PCB creates a possible interference path that could cause an unintended short in a worst‑case fault. Because the combination differs from the listed configurations, the assembled unit is subjected to performance standard tests for combination suitability under § 12-72-101(b).
- If testing shows the new PCB or reduced spacing could degrade reliability (e.g., increases failure rate above acceptable limits or causes false alarms), the State Fire Marshal may require redesign or additional testing — or may refuse approval for cause under § 12-72-101(d). For example, if the added PCB increases maximum leakage current beyond what the original standard accounts for, the SFM can deny listing.
Numeric illustration (hypothetical, for clarity):
- Listed modules tested to a failure rate of 0.5 failures per million hours individually.
- After combination with the new PCB, measured failure rate projection rises to 2.0 failures per million hours for the assembled control unit.
- Because the combined unit’s projected reliability is materially worse, the SFM may require further tests, design mitigation, or refuse approval under § 12-72-101(d).
Note: the CRSC text provides the authority but does not publish numeric pass/fail thresholds for every failure-mode — the SFM uses examination and testing to determine acceptability in context.
Related provisions
- § 12-72-101(a) — Test report contents and documentation required for protective signaling systems.
- § 12-72-101(b) — Listed device/component rules for control units (listed parts need not be retested, but combinations are tested).
- § 12-72-301(a) — Test report contents for detectors (analogous documentation requirement).
- § 12-72-301(b) — Listed components in detectors and limits of individual retesting.
- § 12-72-302 — Construction and related definitions for detectors; useful when assessing “differing constructions.”
If you need the exact text of any of these sections for a submittal or appeal, consult the cited CRSC sections or request a copy of the specific section text from the Office of the State Fire Marshal.
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text
purposes.
(c) Control unit. A control unit covered by this standard consists of a unit assembly of electrical parts having provisions for the connection of power-supply circuits routed through the control unit equipment by a prescribed scheme of circuitry; signal initiating circuits extended to separate devices by which the operating parts of the control unit are actuated for signals, and to incorporated or separate devices by which the signals are transmitted or indicated to form a coordinated combination system for definite signaling service.
TEST REPORTS
Sec. 12-72-101.
(a) Test report contents. The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Section 12-72102 (a) through (u); it shall include wiring, diagrams, operating manuals and photographs as set forth in Section 12-72-102 (a), Items 5 and 6; it shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with Sections 12-72-103 (a) through (g) and the results thereof; and shall verify the correctness of the electrical rating required by Section 12-72-107.
(b) Listed devices. Electrical wiring, material, devices, combination of devices, fittings, appliances and equipment which have been tested and listed by an approved listing agency for the intended purpose and use need not be individually retested.
The report shall include the catalog number or other readily identifiable marking, the name of the approved listing agency, the laboratory test report number and date. Such individually tested and listed component parts and devices when installed in combination with other devices in a control unit or in a circuit extended from such control unit shall be subjected to the performance standard tests to determine its suitability for use in combination with other component parts, devices, circuits or equipment.
(c) Listed control units. Control units which by their design are intended to fully comply with the Standard for the Installation, Maintenance and Use of Proprietary, Auxiliary, Remote Station and Local Protective Association may be investigated and tested in accordance with the Standards for Safety established by Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc., U.L. 864, provided such investigation, test and report incorporates the provisions of the California Electrical Code.
(d) Rejection for cause. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily mean approval and listing, if, when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. Unusual constructions may require application of additional performance tests. The State Fire Marshal may refuse to approve any item for cause.
(e) Systems only. The standard applies to protective signaling systems as defined in the California Electrical Code, and systems or systems components for which application for approval and listing has been filed under the provisions of the California Electrical Code.
This standard does not cover manual stations, automatic detectors, automatic transmitters or other actuating devices; nor does it cover separately listed bells, registers or other indicating devices which are not provided as a part of the control unit or matched against the output of sound-reproducing equipment.
(f) Differing constructions. A control unit having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested according to the intent of this standard, and if found to be substantially equivalent may be given recognition for approval and listing. The office of the State Fire Marshal shall be consulted for general requirements and performance standards.
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 109
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS
GENERAL
Sec. 12-72-102.
(a) **Investigation—Report.
CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text
(c) Listed detectors. Detectors which have been tested to any other acceptable test standard may be evaluated provided such test incorporates all features of this standard.
(d) Rejection for cause. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily mean approval and listing, if when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. Unusual constructions may require application of additional performance tests. The State Fire Marshal may refuse to approve any item for cause. (See the Cali- fornia Electrical Code .)
(e) Smoke detectors only.
- A combustion products detector, as covered by these requirements consists of an assembly of electrical components arranged to detect one or more products of combustion. The products of combustion may consist of but are not necessarily
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 133
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS
limited to gaseous combustion products, water vapor and visible as well as invisible smoke particles. The detector includes provision for the connection to a source of power, signaling and optional remote control circuits. 2. These requirements cover the following types of detectors: A. Detectors intended for open area protection, intended for connection to a compatible power supply or control unit for operation as part of a fire alarm system. B. Detectors intended solely for control of releasing devices such as electromagnetic door holders, fire dampers, etc.
C. Detectors suitable for Items A and B above.
- This standard does not cover the following: A. Detectors for monitoring the smoke density within flues or stacks.
B. Duct detectors.
C. Power supplies and control units to which the detectors are intended to be connected. These are covered under the Standard Test Procedures for Protective Signaling Systems, SFM 12-72-1. D. Smoke detectors of the photoelectric type which are covered by the Standard for Smoke Detectors, Photoelectric Type, for Fire-Protective Signaling Systems, UL 168. 4. The manufacture, importation, distribution and disposal of smoke detectors containing radioactive material are subject to the safety requirements of state radiation control agencies and/or the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. 5. Verification of an acceptable evaluation by the regulating agency involved is required prior to the investigation of the smoke detector to ensure compliance with this standard.
(f) Differing constructions. A detector having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested according to the intent of this standard, and if found to be substantially equivalent may be given recognition for approval and listing. The office of the State Fire Marshal shall be consulted for general requirements and performance standards.
(g) Operating and installation instructions.
- A copy of the operating and installation instructions and related schematic wiring diagrams and installation drawings are to be furnished with the sample submitted for investigation to be used as a guide in the examination and test of the detector and for this purpose need not be in final printed form. The information may be included in a manual or technical bulletin.
- The instructions and drawings should include such directions and information as deemed by the manufacturer to be adequate for attaining proper and safe installation, maintenance and operation of the detector. See Section 12-72-302 (b).
GENERAL
12-72-302.
(a) Construction.
- A detector shall be so constructed that it will be reliable and sufficiently durable for its intended installation and use.
- A component of a detector shall comply with the requirements for that component, except that such requirements may be modified if appropriate for the particular application.
CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text
(b) Definitions. For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply:
Fire alarm device, multiple station. Two or more gas-operated single station units interconnected by metal tubing to one or more remote alarm-sounding devices.
Fire alarm device, single station. A self-contained fire alarm system comprising a heat detector, an alarm- sounding device and a stored energy source incorporated in one integral package. The basic types are gas- operated units and springwound units.
Gas-operated type. A device having a temperature-sensitive eutectic element; compressed gas, usually in a liquid state in a cylinder; and a sounding means, such as a horn or whistle. When the eutectic element melts, the compressed gas is released in a gaseous state through the alarm-sounding device.
Spring-wound type. A device having a temperature-sensitive bimetal or eutectic element and a spring-wound type mechanism with clapper mounted within a bell housing. The snap action of the bimetal or melting of the eutectic element releases the spring mechanism resulting in a bell-type sound.
TEST REPORTS
Sec. 12-72-201.
(a) Test Report contents. The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Sections 1272-201(b) through 12-72-202(g); it shall include operating manuals and photographs. The report shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with this standard and the results thereof.
(b) Instructions and drawings. A copy of the operating and installation instructions and any related drawings is to be furnished with the sample submitted for investigation to be used as a guide in the examination and test of the unit and for this purpose they need not be in final printed form.
The instructions and drawings shall include such directions and information as deemed by the manufacturer to be adequate for attaining proper and safe installation, operation and maintenance.
(c) Rejection for cause. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily mean approval and listing, if, when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. Unusual constructions may require application of additional performance tests. The State Fire Marshal may refuse to approve any item for cause. (See the Cali- fornia Electrical Code. )
(d) Devices covered. This standard does not cover electrically operated single- or multiple-station fire alarm devices actuated by heat, smoke or combustion products.
(e) Temperature classification. The temperature sensitive elements of single- and multiple-station fire alarm devices are to be identified as to their temperature of operation as follows:
TEMPERATURE CLASSIFICATION RATING RANGE,
°F (°C)MAXIMUM CEILING TEMPERATURE,
°F (°C)Ordinary 135-174 (57-79) 100 (38) Intermediate 175-225 (79-107) 150 (66) The maximum rating of a fire alarm device is to be not more than 225°F (107°C).
(f) Differing constructions. A control unit having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested according to the intent of this standard, and if found to be substantially equivalent may be given recognition for approval and listing. The office of the State Fire Marshal shall be consulted for general requirements and performance standards.
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 123
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
CRSC § 42.4 High relevance — show source text
- Trouble signal. A visual or audible signal intended to indicate a fault or trouble condition, such as an open or ground fault, occurring in the device or connected wiring.
- Voltage classification. A. Low voltage. A circuit classified as low voltage is one involving a potential of not more than 30 volts alternating current (42.4 peak) or direct current, and supplied from a circuit whose power is limited to a maximum of 100 volt
amperes. B. High voltage. A circuit classified as high voltage is one having circuit characteristics in excess of those of a low-voltage circuit.
TEST REPORTS
Sec. 12-72-301.
(a) The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Sections 12-72-302 (a) through 12-72302 (t); it shall include wiring diagrams, operating manuals and photographs; it shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with this standard and the results thereof and shall verify the correctness of the electrical rating.
(b) Listed components. Electrical wiring, material, devices, combination of devices, fittings, appliances and equipment which have been tested and listed by an approved listing agency for the intended purpose and use need not be individually retested.
The report shall include the catalog number or other readily identifiable marking; the name of the approved listing agency, the laboratory test report number and date. Such individually tested and listed component parts and devices shall be subjected to the performance standard tests to determine its suitability for use in combination with other component parts, devices, circuits or equipment.
(c) Listed detectors. Detectors which have been tested to any other acceptable test standard may be evaluated provided such test incorporates all features of this standard.
(d) Rejection for cause. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily mean approval and listing, if when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. Unusual constructions may require application of additional performance tests. The State Fire Marshal may refuse to approve any item for cause. (See the Cali- fornia Electrical Code .)
(e) Smoke detectors only.
- A combustion products detector, as covered by these requirements consists of an assembly of electrical components arranged to detect one or more products of combustion. The products of combustion may consist of but are not necessarily
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 133
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS
limited to gaseous combustion products, water vapor and visible as well as invisible smoke particles. The detector includes provision for the connection to a source of power, signaling and optional remote control circuits. 2. These requirements cover the following types of detectors: A. Detectors intended for open area protection, intended for connection to a compatible power supply or control unit for operation as part of a fire alarm system. B. Detectors intended solely for control of releasing devices such as electromagnetic door holders, fire dampers, etc.
C. Detectors suitable for Items A and B above.
- This standard does not cover the following: A. Detectors for monitoring the smoke density within flues or stacks.
B. Duct detectors.
CRSC § 12-7 Medium relevance — show source text
12-7A-4A.7.5 Conditions of acceptance. Should one of the three replicates fail to meet the Condition of Acceptance, three additional tests may be run. All of the additional tests must meet the Condition of Acceptance with an effective peak heat release rate of less than or equal to 25 kW/ft [2] (269 kW/m [2] ).
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 49
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
50 2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
12-8-1 FIRE-RESISTIVE STANDARDS FOR FIRE PROTECTION
ROOM FIRE TEST FOR WALL AND CEILING MATERIALS
STANDARD 12-8-100 ( SEE CHAPTER 35, CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE )
STATE FIRE MARSHAL
Authority: Sections 13143, 13146.1, Health and Safety Code Reference: Sections 13108, 13143, 13146.1, Health and Safety Code
SCOPE
Sec. 12-8-101.
(a) Basic. This standard is intended to evaluate, under a specified fire exposure condition, the contribution to room fire growth provided by wall ceiling and/or floor materials or assemblies. This standard is not intended to evaluate the fire endurance or flamespread of material or assemblies.
Note: See State Fire Marshal (SFM) 7-1 and Uniform Building Code (UBC) Standard 8-1.
This standard can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of thermal barriers in restricting the contribution of combustible materials in the wall and floor assemblies to fire growth in a padded safety cell. This standard shall be used in conjunction with ASTM E603-77, “Standard Guide for Room Fire Experiments,” which covers instrumentation, safety precautions and the general effect of various parameters.
(b) Tests and listings by approved testing agency. Test data for wall and/or ceiling materials or assemblies investigated and tested in accordance with the Standard for Safety established by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., UL 723C, “Investigation for the Classification of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish Materials and Assemblies Using a Room Fire Test,” will be acceptable for evaluation against this standard, provided all instrumentation data required by this standard is incorporated in the test and report.
(c) Test simulation. The test simulates a fire in the comer of an 8-foot by 12-foot (2438 mm by 3657 mm) compartment containing a single open doorway; this can be used to evaluate the relative performance of specific wall, ceiling and floor materials or assemblies when they are used together in the same relationship within an enclosure, in addition to simulating the manner in which they will be used.
(d) Materials considered. The test may be used for evaluating wall, ceiling and flooring finish materials and assemblies, including panels, tiles, boards, sprayed or brushed coatings, etc.
FIRE AND SMOKE MEASUREMENTS AND PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD
Sec. 12-8-102.
CRSC § 1.11.2.1.2 Medium relevance — show source text
unless the chief of a city or county fire department or fire_ protection district, or such chief’s authorized representative, indicates in writing to the State Fire Marshal that inspections of such jails or places of detention will be conducted by the chief or such person’s authorized representative, in their respective area of jurisdiction. The inspections shall be made at least once every two years for the purpose of enforcing the regulations adopted by the State Fire Marshal, pursuant to Section 13143. Reports of inspection conducted pursuant to this subsection shall be on forms provided by the State Fire Marshal and shall be submitted to the official in charge of the facility, the local governing body, the State Fire Marshal and the Corrections Standards Authority within 30 days of the inspections.
1.11.2.1.2 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code, Section 13108, and except as otherwise provided in this section, building stan- dards adopted by the State Fire Marshal published in the California Building Standards Code relating to fire and panic safety shall be enforced by the State Fire Marshal in all state-owned buildings, state-occupied buildings and state institutions throughout the state. Upon the written request of the chief fire official of any city, county or fire protection district, the State Fire Marshal may authorize such chief fire official and his or her authorized representatives, in their geographical area of responsibility, to make fire prevention inspections of state-owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state institutions, for the purpose of enforcing the regulations relating to fire and panic safety adopted by the State Fire Marshal pursuant to this section and building standards relating to fire and panic safety published in the California Building Standards Code. Authorization from the State Fire Marshal shall be limited to those fire departments or fire districts which maintain a fire prevention bureau staffed by paid personnel.
Pursuant to Health and Safety Code, Section 13108, any requirement or order made by any chief fire official who is authorized by the State Fire Marshal to make fire prevention inspections of state-owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state institu- tions, may be appealed to the State Fire Marshal. The State Fire Marshal shall, upon receiving an appeal and subject to the provisions of Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 18945) of Part 2.5 of Division 13 of the Health and Safety Code, determine if the requirement or order made is reasonably consistent with the fire and panic safety regulations adopted by the State Fire Marshal and building standards relating to fire and panic safety published in the California Building Code.
Any person may request a code interpretation from the State Fire Marshal relative to the intent of any regulation or provision adopted by the State Fire Marshal. When the request relates to a specific project, occupancy or building, the State Fire Marshal shall review the issue with the appropriate local enforcing agency prior to rendering such code interpretation.
1.11.2.1.3 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code, Section 13112, any person who violates any order, rule or regulation of the State Fire Marshal is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $100.00 or more than $500.00, or by imprisonment for not less than six months, or by both. A person is guilty of a separate offense each day during which he or she commits, continues or permits a violation of any provision of, or any order, rule or regulation of, the State Fire Marshal as contained in this code.
Any inspection authority who, in the exercise of his or her authority as a deputy State Fire Marshal, causes any legal complaints to be filed or any arrest to be made shall notify the State Fire Marshal immediately following such action.
CRSC § 56-25 Medium relevance — show source text
(d) Explosive Materials Not Included in Scope of License. The license scope as defined in this section is restricted to the use of materi- als defined as “fireworks” (as defined in Health and Safety Code Section 12511) and in no way confers authority for the use or discharge of explosive materials defined in Health and Safety Code Sections 12000, et seq.
Article 4. Permits
§982. Local Permit, Application For.
(a) When applying for a permit under Health and Safety Code section 12640(e), an applicant shall submit the following information and evidence to the authority having jurisdiction: (1) The name of the organization sponsoring the display, together with the names and license numbers of persons actually in charge of the display. (2) The date and time of day the display is to be held. (3) The exact location planned for the display. (4) The size and number of all fireworks to be discharged including the number of set pieces, shells and other items. Shells shall be designated by diameter specifying single, multiple break or salute. (5) The manner and place of storage of all fireworks prior to, during and after the display. (6) Diagram of the grounds on which the display is to be held showing the point at which the fireworks are to be discharged, the location of all buildings, roads and other means of transportation, the lines behind which the audience will be restrained, the location of all nearby trees, telegraph or telephone lines or other overhead obstruction. (7) Proof that satisfactory workers' compensation insurance is carried for all employees in compliance with Labor Code Section 3700.
(8) If the permit is for a public display or special effects, documentary proof of conformance with sections 12610 and 12611, Health and Safety Code. (9) A State Fire Marshal's license for the public display of fireworks, under Health and Safety Code Sections 12575, 12576 or 12577. No permit for a public display of any type shall be granted unless a public display license general, special or limited has been first obtained from the State Fire Marshal.
(10) The name and license number of the wholesaler who supplied all items used in the display.
(b) Permittee shall be responsible for compliance with the provisions under which a public display permit has been granted.
2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 56-25
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS
Article 6. Classification of Fireworks
§986. Classification.
(a) Fireworks or pyrotechnic devices that are to be used or sold for use in this state and found by the State Fire Marshal to come within the definition of “party poppers”, “snap caps”, “safe and sane”, “agricultural and wildlife”, “model rocket motors”, “high power rocket motors”, “emergency signaling device” or “exempt” fireworks shall be classified as such by the State Fire Marshal.
Exception: Special Effects items developed and compounded on location for single time usage.
(b) The classification of an item shall not be construed as conferring classification to any similar item without the approval of the State Fire Marshal. The trade name of an item shall not be changed without notifying the State Fire Marshal 30 days prior to such change.
§986.1. Sparklers.
CRSC § 1-12 Medium relevance — show source text
Authorization from the State Fire Marshal_ shall be limited to those fire departments or fire districts which maintain a fire prevention bureau staffed by paid personnel.
Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13108, any requirement or order made by any chief fire official who is authorized by the State Fire Marshal to make fire prevention inspections of state-owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state institu- tions, may be appealed to the State Fire Marshal. The State Fire Marshal shall, upon receiving an appeal and subject to the
1-12 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION
provisions of Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 18945) of Part 2.5 of Division 13 of the Health and Safety Code, determine if the requirement or order made is reasonably consistent with the fire and panic safety regulations adopted by the State Fire Marshal and building standards relating to fire and panic safety published in the California Building Code.
Any person may request a code interpretation from the State Fire Marshal relative to the intent of any regulation or provision adopted by the State Fire Marshal. When the request relates to a specific project, occupancy or building, the State Fire Marshal shall review the issue with the appropriate local enforcing agency prior to rendering such code interpretation.
1.11.2.1.3 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13112, any person who violates any order, rule or regulation of the State Fire Marshal is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $100.00 or more than $500.00, or by imprisonment for not less than six months, or by both. A person is guilty of a separate offense each day during which he or she commits, continues or permits a violation of any provision of, or any order, rule or regulation of, the State Fire Marshal as contained in this code.
Any inspection authority who, in the exercise of his or her authority as a deputy State Fire Marshal, causes any legal complaints to be filed or any arrest to be made shall notify the State Fire Marshal immediately following such action.
1.11.2.2 Right of entry. The fire chief of any city, county or fire protection district, or such person’s authorized representative, may enter any state institution or any other state-owned or state-occupied building for the purpose of preparing a fire suppression preplanning program or for the purpose of investigating any fire in a state-occupied building.
The State Fire Marshal, his or her deputies or salaried assistants, the chief of any city or county fire department or fire protection district and his or her authorized representatives may enter any building or premises not used for dwelling purposes at any reason- able hour for the purpose of enforcing this chapter. The owner, lessee, manager or operator of any such building or premises shall permit the State Fire Marshal, his or her deputies or salaried assistants and the chief of any city or county fire department or fire protection district and his or her authorized representatives to enter and inspect them at the time and for the purpose stated in this section.
1.11.2.3 More restrictive fire and panic safety building standards.
CRSC § 1.11.2.1.2 Medium relevance — show source text
except as_ provided in Section 1.11.2.1.2, be as follows: 1. The city, county or city and county with jurisdiction in the area affected by the standard or regulation shall delegate the enforcement of the building standards relating to fire and panic safety and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal as they relate to Group R-3 occupancies, as described in Section 310.1 of Part 2 of the California Building Standards Code, to either of the following: 1.1. The chief of the fire authority of the city, county or city and county, or an authorized representative. 1.2. The chief building official of the city, county or city and county, or an authorized representative. 2. The chief of any city or county fire department or of any fire protection district, and authorized representatives, shall enforce within the jurisdiction the building standards and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal, except those described in Item 1 or 4.
3. The State Fire Marshal shall have authority to enforce the building standards and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal in areas outside of corporate cities and districts providing fire protection services. 4. The State Fire Marshal shall have authority to enforce the building standards and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal in corporate cities and districts providing fire protection services on request of the chief fire official or the governing body. 5. Any fee charged pursuant to the enforcement authority of this section shall not exceed the estimated reasonable cost of providing the service for which the fee is charged pursuant to Section 66014 of the Government Code.
1.11.2.1.2 Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13108, and except as otherwise provided in this section, building standards adopted by the State Fire Marshal published in the California Building Standards Code relating to fire and panic safety shall be enforced by the State Fire Marshal in all state-owned buildings, state-occupied buildings and state institutions throughout the state. Upon the written request of the chief fire official of any city, county or fire protection district, the State Fire Marshal may authorize such chief fire official and his or her authorized representatives, in their geographical area of responsibility, to make fire prevention inspections of state-owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state institutions, for the purpose of enforcing the regulations relating to fire and panic safety adopted by the State Fire Marshal pursuant to this section and building standards relating to fire and
2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 1-19
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
ADMINISTRATION
panic safety published in the California Building Standards Code. Authorization from the State Fire Marshal shall be limited to those fire departments or fire districts which maintain a fire prevention bureau staffed by paid personnel.
Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 13108, any requirement or order made by any chief fire official who is authorized by the State Fire Marshal to make fire prevention inspections of state-owned or state-occupied buildings, other than state institu- tions, may be appealed to the State Fire Marshal. The State Fire Marshal shall, upon receiving an appeal and subject to the provisions of Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 18945) of Part 2.5 of Division 13 of the Health and Safety Code, determine if the requirement or order made is reasonably consistent with the fire and panic safety regulations adopted by the State Fire Marshal and building standards relating to fire and panic safety published in the California Building Code.
CRSC § 3.1. Medium relevance — show source text
Defects in the system or leaks detected shall be documented and repaired. 2. A cylinder-filling performance test shall be conducted to verify compliance with the required breathing air cylinder refill rate from the exterior mobile air connection and, where provided, a stored air pressure supply system. 3. The air quality monitoring system shall be tested to verify both of the following conditions: 3.1. Visual indicators required by Section L104.15.1 function properly. 3.2. Supervisory signals are transmitted as required by Section L104.15.2 for each sensor based on a sensor function test. 4. Connections intended for fire department use shall be confirmed as compatible with the fire department’s mobile air unit, SCBA cylinders and, where provided, RIC/UAC connections. 5. Air samples shall be taken from not less than two fill stations and submitted to an approved gas analysis laboratory to verify compliance with NFPA 1989. The FARS shall not be placed into service until a written report verifying compliance with NFPA 1989 has been provided to the fire code official.
SECTION L106—INSPECTION, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE
L106.1 Periodic inspection, testing and maintenance. A FARS shall be continuously maintained in an operative condition and shall be inspected not less than annually. Not less than quarterly, an air sample shall be taken from the system and tested to verify compliance with NFPA 1989. The laboratory test results shall be maintained on site and readily available for review by the fire code official.
SECTION L107—REFERENCED STANDARDS
L107.1 General. See Table L107.1 for standards that are referenced in various sections of this appendix. Standards are listed by the standard identification with the effective date, standard title, and the section or sections of this appendix that reference the standard.
TABLE L107.1—REFERENCED STANDARDS Col2 Col3 STANDARD ACRONYM STANDARD NAME SECTIONS HEREIN REFERENCED ASME B31.3—2022 Process Piping L104.2.1, L105.1 CGA S-1.3—2020 Pressure Relief Device Standards—Part 3
Stationary Storage Containers for Compressed GasesL104.7 NFPA 1901—16 Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus L104.5.1 NFPA 1989—13 Breathing Air Quality for Fire Emergency Services Respiratory Protection L104.2.2, L105.1, L106.1 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE APPENDIX L-5
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
APPENDIX L-6 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE
APPENDIX M – HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS—RETROACTIVE AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER REQUIREMENT
(Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)
(Not adopted by the State Fire Marshal)
CRSC § 56-25 Medium relevance — show source text
(10) The name and license number of the wholesaler who supplied all items used in the display.
(b) Permittee shall be responsible for compliance with the provisions under which a public display permit has been granted.
2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 56-25
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS
Article 6. Classification of Fireworks
§986. Classification.
(a) Fireworks or pyrotechnic devices that are to be used or sold for use in this state and found by the State Fire Marshal to come within the definition of “party poppers”, “snap caps”, “safe and sane”, “agricultural and wildlife”, “model rocket motors”, “high power rocket motors”, “emergency signaling device” or “exempt” fireworks shall be classified as such by the State Fire Marshal.
Exception: Special Effects items developed and compounded on location for single time usage.
(b) The classification of an item shall not be construed as conferring classification to any similar item without the approval of the State Fire Marshal. The trade name of an item shall not be changed without notifying the State Fire Marshal 30 days prior to such change.
§986.1. Sparklers.
Sparklers, which are defined as a stick or wire coated with a pyrotechnic composition that produces a shower of sparks upon ignition, are classified as dangerous fireworks under the authority of Health and Safety Code section 12505(k).
Article 8. Storage
§989. General.
All magazines shall meet the requirements as set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 27, Part 55, Subpart K (Storage).
§989.1. Storage, General Provisions.
(a) All fireworks, pyrotechnic compositions and pyrotechnic devices shall be kept in a locked magazine and in a manner approved by the authority having jurisdiction unless they are: (1) In the process of being manufactured; (2) In the process of being used; or (3) Being transported to a place of storage or use by a licensee, in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Part 173, Subpart C, and Title 13, Chapter 6, Article 3 of the California Code of Regulations.
(b) Class C Common Fireworks and those devices designated as “safe and sane” fireworks shall be stored in a manner consistent with the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Section 173.88.
§989.2. Access Roads and Signs.
All magazine storage sites shall have access roads suitable for use by fire apparatus posted with the following warning sign or other sign approved by the authority having jurisdiction:
DANGER!
NEVER FIGHT EXPLOSIVE FIRES.
EXPLOSIVES ARE STORED ON THIS SITE
CALL _______
The sign shall be weather-resistant with a reflective surface and lettering at least two (2) inches high.
§989.3. Activities and Devices Prohibited.
Smoking, matches, flame-producing devices, open flames and firearms shall not be permitted inside or within fifty (50) feet of magazines.
§989.4. Magazines in Dwelling Prohibited.
No loaded indoor storage magazine shall be located in a residence or dwelling.
Article 13. General Safety Requirements
§991. Safety Inspection.
California Referenced Standards Code Medium relevance — show source text
700
| |300
|72
|151
|284
|583
|873
|1680
|2680
|4740
|9660
| |350
|66
|139
|261
|536
|803
|1550
|2470
|4360
|8890
| |400
|62
|129
|243
|499
|747
|1440
|2290
|4050
|8270
| |450
|58
|121
|228
|468
|701
|1350
|2150
|3800
|7760
| |500
|55
|114
|215
|442
|662
|1280
|2030
|3590
|7330
| |550
|52
|109
|204
|420
|629
|1210
|1930
|3410
|6960
| |600
|50
|104
|195
|400
|600
|1160
|1840
|3260
|6640
| |650
|47
|99
|187
|384
|575
|1110
|1760
|3120
|6360
| |700
|46
|95
|179
|368
|552
|1060
|1690
|3000
|6110
| |750
|44
|92
|
Frequently asked questions
When does the SFM typically ask for additional testing?
When an item’s construction or combination deviates from the standard design or when examiners identify features that could impair intended performance. This authority is in § 12-72-101(d) and § 12-72-301(d).
If all components are listed, can the SFM still deny approval?
Yes. Listed components need not be retested individually, but the assembled combination must demonstrate suitability; the SFM may refuse approval if the combination impairs performance. See § 12-72-101(b) and § 12-72-101(d).
Does the code define every feature that could cause rejection?
No. The CRSC grants authority for rejection for cause but does not exhaustively list every disqualifying feature; determinations are made by examination/testing by the SFM.
Can an “unusual construction” be accepted?
Yes — if the SFM investigates, the product is tested “according to the intent of this standard,” and is found to be substantially equivalent, recognition may be granted. See § 12-72-101(d).
Where do I send questions about a specific submission?
Consult and coordinate with the Office of the State Fire Marshal; the CRSC anticipates consultation for differing constructions and performance standards.
More in California Referenced Standards Code
- Administration and scope — CRSC Chapter 12 overview
- Air filter standards (Chapter 12‑71)
- Building and facility access / accessibility standards (Chapters 12‑11A, 12‑11B)
- Engineering regulations — quality and design of construction materials (12‑16 series)
- Exits and means of egress (Chapters 12‑10 series)
- Protective signaling systems and detectors (Chapters 12‑72‑1, ‑2, ‑3)
- Radiation shielding standards (Chapter 12‑31C)
- Referenced standards index / cross‑reference table (Part 12 listing of referenced standards)
- Releasing systems for security bars (egress-release standards)
- Standards for insulating materials (Chapter 12‑13)
Ask about the CRSC
Get cited, plain-English answers on the California Referenced Standards Code for your project — any code section, any scenario.
Start Free TrialRelated in the CRSC
How must control units and detectors be marked and identified?
When can listed components be accepted without individual retest?
What operating and installation instructions must accompany submitted samples?
Marking, installation instructions, and component acceptance
California Referenced Standards Code