CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code

How must control units and detectors be marked and identified?

Control units must carry a permanent nameplate with manufacturer, model and electrical rating and must have the wiring diagram inside the cabinet; detectors must bear manufacturer/model, ratings, sensitivity and mounting info or clearly reference an installation wiring diagram — these marking and documentation requirements are set out in **§ 12-72-102(b)** and **§ 12-72-302(g)**.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2-4 sentences

Control equipment must be plainly and permanently marked so the manufacturer, model and electrical ratings are obvious, and wiring/installation diagrams must be attached or referenced. For control units this is required by § 12-72-102(b); for detectors the requirement is enforced through the requirement for operating and installation instructions (which reference marking) in § 12-72-302(g) (see also the detector marking items in § 12-72-302(b)). § 12-72-102(b) ; § 12-72-302(g) .

Control units and detectors must carry permanent identification (nameplate/model/rating), and each must have the wiring or installation diagram attached or clearly referenced so installers and service personnel can identify components and safe connections. § 12-72-102(b) § 12-72-302(g)

Requirements in detail

Core marking obligations — control units (summary)

  • Control units and combination signaling systems must be plainly and permanently marked with a nameplate that shows the manufacturer’s name, model number, and electrical rating. § 12-72-102(b).1
  • A complete wiring diagram must be attached inside the control cabinet or metalware enclosure. § 12-72-102(b).2

Core marking obligations — detectors (summary)

  • Detectors must have permanent markings (or clearly referenced installation wiring diagrams) identifying manufacturer/vendor name, model/serial, electrical ratings, sensitivity setting, mounting orientation, identification of lights/switches, fuse ratings, and other required info. These marking/diagram requirements are enforced via § 12-72-302(g) (operating & installation instructions) and the marking list in § 12-72-302(b). § 12-72-302(g) § 12-72-302(b)

Decision-relevant table

Item / question Required marking or identification Where it must appear Code reference
Who made it / Model Manufacturer name and model number (and serial when required) Permanently on nameplate or on detector unit § 12-72-102(b).1 ; § 12-72-302(b).A/B
Electrical rating Voltage, current or watts and frequency for each circuit Nameplate or installation wiring diagram (detectors may show on diagram) § 12-72-102(b).1 ; § 12-72-302(b).C
Wiring diagrams Full schematic/wiring drawing Attached inside the control cabinet or inside/with the detector or clearly referenced by drawing number/date § 12-72-102(b).2 ; § 12-72-302(b).H
Audible/trouble silencing switches Mark normal position; permanent sign for audible silencing: “Do not operate the audible alarm silencing switch until the fire department has been notified.” On or adjacent to switch, or permanently attached sign § 12-72-102(b).3
Detector sensitivity Sensitivity setting and region (maximum/nominal/minimum); if field-adjustable, range must be shown Marked on detector or on installation wiring diagram § 12-72-302(b).D
Mounting position Correct mounting position if unit must be mounted a certain way On unit or installation diagram § 12-72-302(b).E
“Do not paint” Detector not intended to be painted must be marked “DO NOT PAINT.” Visible after installation on unit § 12-72-302(b).2 / § 12-72-205
Limited-energy circuits Control units designed for limited-energy circuits must be marked to identify which circuits are limited On control unit nameplate or enclosure § 12-72-102(b).7
Maximum actuating-circuit impedance If required operation impedance is less than 100 ohms, the maximum impedance must be marked On control unit § 12-72-102(b).8 (threshold: <100 ohms)
Time-limit cutout Units that limit alarm duration by time-limit cutout must be marked with the time to be adjusted (or the fixed time) On control unit § 12-72-102(b).9
Radioactive detectors Type & amount and disposal caution (“CAUTION—Contains Radioactive Material”) must be on the unit Directly on detector § 12-72-302(b).I

What the installation/operating instructions must include

  • For detectors, operating and installation instructions and schematic wiring diagrams must be furnished with the sample submitted and provided to installers; these instructions should include recommended locations, sensitivity monitoring methods and wiring connections — see § 12-72-302(g) and the specific marking list in § 12-72-302(b). § 12-72-302(g) § 12-72-302(b)

Exceptions & special cases

  • If a device/switch is of the automatically restoring type, the requirement to mark its “normal position” is relaxed for the audible alarm silencing switch; the permanently attached sign warning not to operate still applies unless otherwise addressed. § 12-72-102(b).3
  • A detector’s electrical rating, sensitivity and some other details may appear on the installation wiring diagram rather than on the detector housing itself if the diagram is properly referenced on the unit. § 12-72-302(b).C/D/H
  • If a detector is marked “DO NOT PAINT”, paint-loading tests specified elsewhere need not be applied; conversely, failure to mark may subject the unit to paint-loading concerns. § 12-72-303(z) and § 12-72-302(b).2

Common mistakes

  • Leaving out the wiring diagram inside the control cabinet (the diagram must be attached inside the cabinet). § 12-72-102(b).2
  • Failing to mark maximum actuating-circuit impedance when the required value is less than 100 ohms. § 12-72-102(b).8
  • Not placing the required permanent sign next to the audible alarm silencing switch (“Do not operate…”). § 12-72-102(b).3
  • Omitting the sensitivity or mounting orientation markings (or an installation diagram that clearly shows them) on detectors. § 12-72-302(b).D/E
  • Marking ratings inconsistently (e.g., nameplate rating differs from wiring diagram); the test/report requirements require consistent, identifiable markings for listed components. § 12-72-101(b)

Worked example — concrete scenario

Scenario: You are installing a proprietary control unit and its connected smoke detectors.

  1. Control unit requirements (apply § 12-72-102(b)):

    • Nameplate: “Acme Fire Controls — Model AFC-2400 — 120 VAC, 60 Hz, 3 A” is permanently attached to the cabinet door. § 12-72-102(b).1
    • Wiring diagram: A full schematic labelled “Drawing AFC-2400-2026-01” is attached inside the control cabinet. § 12-72-102(b).2
    • Actuating-circuit impedance: The system requires actuating circuits with a maximum impedance of 50 ohms for reliable operation, so the control unit is marked “Maximum actuating-circuit impedance — 50 Ω.” (Marking required because 50 Ω < 100 Ω.) § 12-72-102(b).8

  2. Detector requirements (apply § 12-72-302(g) and § 12-72-302(b)):

    • Each detector is marked with manufacturer, model, electrical rating (24 V DC, 50 mA), and sensitivity (e.g., “sensitivity nominal = 2.5% obs/ft”) on the unit or on the installation wiring diagram that is referenced on the unit. § 12-72-302(b).A/C/D/H
    • Each detector indicates the correct mounting position with an arrow and the words “THIS SIDE UP,” per § 12-72-302(b).E .
    • If any detectors use a small radioactive source, the unit bears the required radiation caution text. § 12-72-302(b).I

Result: Installer and service staff can confirm component identity, ratings, wiring connections and sensitivity limits without guessing — in compliance with § 12-72-102(b) and § 12-72-302(g).

Related provisions (CRSC sections)

  • § 12-72-102(b) — Marking requirements for control units (nameplate, wiring diagram, terminal marking, etc.).
  • § 12-72-302(g) — Operating and installation instructions for detectors; refers to requirements in § 12-72-302(b).
  • § 12-72-302(b) — Detailed detector marking list (manufacturer, model, electrical rating, sensitivity, mounting position, “DO NOT PAINT,” etc.).
  • § 12-72-101(b) — Test report contents that require catalog numbers and identifiable markings for listed components.
  • § 12-72-303(z) — Paint-loading test and the paint-marking exception for detectors marked “DO NOT PAINT.”
  • § 12-72-205 — General marking expectations for fire alarm devices (visibility after installation; “Do Not Paint” requirement).

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text

    The report of investigation shall include routing of circuits for any equipment or devices which are not necessary for the transmission of a fire alarm signal.

    (b) Marking.

    1. Control units and combination signaling systems shall be plainly and permanently marked with a nameplate bearing the manufacturer’s name, model number and electrical rating. Enclosures and castings shall have die stamped or cast identifying numbers or other readily identifiable markings. Component parts shall be fully described or identified by manufacturer’s name and model number.

    2. A wiring diagram of the control unit or combination signaling system shall be attached inside the control cabinet or metalware enclosure.

    3. An audible alarm silencing switch when provided, shall be marked to indicate its normal position unless it is of the automatically restoring type. A permanently attached metal or equivalent sign shall bear the following words, “Do not operate the audible alarm silencing switch until the fire department has been notified.” The trouble signal silencing switch, unless of the automatically restoring type, shall be marked to indicate its normal on position.

    4. Terminal connections for the power supply shall be marked or identified as required by the California Electrical Code.

    5. Installation wiring terminals or leads shall be marked or otherwise plainly evident.

    6. A control unit designed for use with automatic detectors shall be marked for use with nonrestoring types of detectors only, unless the control unit provides signal lock-in performance required by Section 12-72-103 (b), Item 14.

    7. A control unit designed for use with limited-energy circuits shall be marked to identify the particular circuits in which the energy is limited.

    8. The maximum impedance of each actuating circuit shall be marked when the value for successful operation is less than 100 ohms.

    9. A control unit designed to limit the duration of an alarm signal by means of a time-limit cutout shall be marked to indicate the time for which it is to be adjusted; nonadjustable time-limit cutouts shall be marked to indicate time at which it will operate. [See Sections 12-72-103 (l), Items 1 and 2.]

    10. Equipment required to be mounted in a definite position in order to function properly shall be marked to indicate correct mounting position.

    (c) Frame, enclosure and metalware.

    1. Control units and combination signaling systems shall be installed in locked substantial cabinets or metalware enclosures and shall be of a type expressly designed for the service for which they are used. Control unit cabinets and combination signaling system metalware enclosures enclosing alarm signaling circuits shall be provided with integral key locks.
    2. Control unit cabinets and combination signaling system metalware enclosures shall be so formed and assembled that they will have the strength and rigidity necessary to resist the abuses to which they are liable to be subjected, without adversely

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    affecting their performance, and without increasing fire hazard due to total or partial collapse with resulting reduction of spacings, loosening or displacement of parts, or other serious defects. 3. Electrical parts of a control unit or combination signaling system shall be so located or enclosed that suitable protection against accidental contact with uninsulated hazardous live parts will be provided. 4. Operating parts, such as gear mechanisms, relays and similar devices, shall be protected against fouling by dust, insects or by other material which might impair their operation, by means of individual protection or dust-tight cabinets. 5.

  • CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text

    It shall permit its application in conformity with the regulations set forth in the California Electrical Code. 2. The scheme of electrical or electronic circuiting of a control unit or combination signaling system shall provide for the degree of electrical supervision required by the California Electrical Code, and when required, shall ensure emergency operation in the presence of a fault condition. 3. Attachment plugs, bells, circuit-breakers, cords, fuse-holders, fuses, lampholders, receptacles, transformers, switches, wires, etc., provided as a part of a control unit or combination signaling system shall be investigated and judged under the requirements established by the California Electrical Code, for such devices and also with respect to their suitability for the particular application. 4. Amplifiers used in the fire-protective signaling circuits of combination systems shall be tested in accordance with UL, Inc. Standard 813 (Second Edition 1954, amended 1966 and 1967), Sound Recording and Reproducing Equipment. The exchange or replacement of amplifiers from those originally tested with a combination system shall be tested in accordance with UL, Inc. Standard 813 and evaluated in accordance with this standard to determine their suitability for use with the combination system. 5. The report of investigation shall include schematic wiring diagrams tracing the electrical or electronic circuits in their normally supervised and operating condition. Contacts of operating devices shall be shown in the normally supervised position with operating and supervisory power supplied to the equipment. 6. The report of investigation shall include photographs of the equipment with markings identifying the component parts. Operating and maintenance manuals shall be included with each control unit or combination signaling system and shall be attached to the test report and certification. 7. The report of investigation shall include an itemized list of optional equipment that has, by test, been determined as not required to provide a fire alarm signal transmission. The report of investigation shall include routing of circuits for any equipment or devices which are not necessary for the transmission of a fire alarm signal.

    (b) Marking.

    1. Control units and combination signaling systems shall be plainly and permanently marked with a nameplate bearing the manufacturer’s name, model number and electrical rating. Enclosures and castings shall have die stamped or cast identifying numbers or other readily identifiable markings. Component parts shall be fully described or identified by manufacturer’s name and model number.

    2. A wiring diagram of the control unit or combination signaling system shall be attached inside the control cabinet or metalware enclosure.

    3. An audible alarm silencing switch when provided, shall be marked to indicate its normal position unless it is of the automatically restoring type. A permanently attached metal or equivalent sign shall bear the following words, “Do not operate the audible alarm silencing switch until the fire department has been notified.” The trouble signal silencing switch, unless of the automatically restoring type, shall be marked to indicate its normal on position.

    4. Terminal connections for the power supply shall be marked or identified as required by the California Electrical Code.

    5. Installation wiring terminals or leads shall be marked or otherwise plainly evident.

    6. A control unit designed for use with automatic detectors shall be marked for use with nonrestoring types of detectors only, unless the control unit provides signal lock-in performance required by Section 12-72-103 (b), Item 14.

    7. A control unit designed for use with limited-energy circuits shall be marked to identify the particular circuits in which the energy is limited.

    8. The maximum impedance of each actuating circuit shall be marked when the value for successful operation is less than 100 ohms.

  • CRSC § 1.5. High relevance — show source text

    May appear on the installation wiring diagram. K. Reference to a specific model number or description of the instrument to be used for checking the sensitivity of the detector. May appear on the installation wiring diagram. L. A detector intended for permanent connection only to a wiring system other than metal-clad cable or conduit shall be marked to indicate the system or systems for which it is suitable. The marking shall be so located that it will be visible when power-supply connections to the detector are made or may appear on the installation wiring diagram. M. The State Fire Marshal’s listing label if required by Article 1.5. N. A detector which is not intended to be painted in the field shall be marked on the outside “DO NOT PAINT.” 2. An installation wiring diagram shall be provided with each detector illustrating the field connections to be made. The drawing may be attached to the unit or, if separate, shall be referenced in the marking attached to the unit with the drawing number and issue number and/or date.

    1. The drawing shall show a pictorial view of the installation terminals or leads to which field connections are made as they would appear when viewed during an installation and the minimum internal dimensions of a back box, if not provided with the detector, shall be specified. The terminal numbers on the detector shall agree with the numbers on the drawing. A drawing not attached to the detector unit shall be marked with the name or identifying symbol of the manufacturer’s or vendor’s drawing number, and an issue number and/or date.
    2. The following marking information is required to appear on the detector or the installation wiring diagram for the applicable circuits to which field connections are made. Where an electrical rating is indicated, it may be omitted if reference is made for connection to a specific control unit or equivalent. A. Supply circuit. Voltage, current or watts, and frequency. B. Initiating device circuit connections. For detectors intended to be connected only to the initiating device circuit of a fire alarm system control unit, at least two detectors shall be shown connected to a typical initiating device circuit. For a detector intended only for releasing device service, a typical connection shall be shown. For a detector suitable for both application, typical connections representing both types of connections shall be illustrated. C. Supplementary circuits. Voltage, current or watts, and frequency rating.
    3. Technical bulletin. A technical bulletin shall be provided by the manufacturer for each installation to be used as a reference by the installer. The bulletin shall include the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding typical detector locations. The information shall include guidelines on detector location, spacings, maintenance, servicing tests, etc., under various environmental conditions and physical configurations. Some conditions for which guidelines are required are:

    A. Temperature B. Humidity C. Corrosive atmospheres D. Air movement (ventilating and air-conditioning systems) E. High ceilings F. Sloped ceilings G. Girder ceiling construction H. Small and large bays I. Open joist construction J. High stock piling K. Conditions produced by manufacturing processes 6. Detailed information shall be provided regarding the use of the facilities provided on the detector to monitor the sensitivity. Typical information that shall be provided includes: A. Nominal reading under clear condition B. Nominal reading when close to alarm C. Nominal reading at alarm condition D. Guidelines on instrument use for an engineering survey, installation and maintenance 7. Information regarding locations where not to install detectors shall also be provided to minimize the possibility of false alarms.

  • CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text

    (f) Differing constructions. A detector having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested according to the intent of this standard, and if found to be substantially equivalent may be given recognition for approval and listing. The office of the State Fire Marshal shall be consulted for general requirements and performance standards.

    (g) Operating and installation instructions.

    1. A copy of the operating and installation instructions and related schematic wiring diagrams and installation drawings are to be furnished with the sample submitted for investigation to be used as a guide in the examination and test of the detector and for this purpose need not be in final printed form. The information may be included in a manual or technical bulletin.
    2. The instructions and drawings should include such directions and information as deemed by the manufacturer to be adequate for attaining proper and safe installation, maintenance and operation of the detector. See Section 12-72-302 (b).

    GENERAL

    12-72-302.

    (a) Construction.

    1. A detector shall be so constructed that it will be reliable and sufficiently durable for its intended installation and use.
    2. A component of a detector shall comply with the requirements for that component, except that such requirements may be modified if appropriate for the particular application.
    3. Except where specifically indicated otherwise, the construction requirements specified for a detector shall also apply for any remote accessories with which it is to be employed.
    4. Each detector is to be provided with a means for monitoring the relative sensitivity of the unit after it has been installed.
    5. The monitoring means may be by means of a jack or terminals for connection of a meter, or by a visual means which would be visible with the unit installed, or equivalent.
    6. The use of a plug-in type detector assembly, which may be removed readily for insertion of an adapter connected to metering equipment, would be acceptable.

    (b) Marking.

    1. A detector shall be permanently marked with the following information, except where it is indicated that the information may appear on an installation wiring diagram. A. Name or identifying symbol of the manufacturer or vendor. B. Model number or equivalent and serial number or equivalent. C. Electrical rating, in volts, amperes or watts, and frequency for each circuit. May appear on the installation wiring diagram. D. Sensitivity setting and reference to the region of sensitivity such as maximum, nominal or intermediate or minimum. If a detector is intended to be adjusted in the field, the range of sensitivity is to be indicated. The sensitivity shall be indicated as an instrument reading. A sensitivity indication other than an instrument reading may be employed if it provides an equivalent indication of the sensitivity of the detector. May appear on the installation wiring diagram. E. Correct mounting position if a unit is intended to be mounted in a definite position. This information may appear on the installation wiring diagram. F. Identification of lights, switches, meters, etc., regarding their function, unless their operation is obvious. G. Maximum rating of fuse in each fuseholder. Located adjacent to the fuseholder.

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    H. Reference to an installation wiring diagram, if not attached to the detector, by drawing number and issue number of date.

    I. For a detector which employs a radioactive material, the following information shall be indicated directly on the unit: type, amount, radiation symbol (optional), safe disposal and a caution notice which shall read as follows: CAUTION—Contains Radioactive Material, or its equivalent wording.

  • CRSC § 909.12.4 High relevance — show source text

    909.12.4 Automatic control. Where completely automatic control is required or used, the automatic-control sequences shall be initiated from an appropriately zoned automatic sprinkler system complying with Section 903.3.1.1, manual controls provided with ready access for the fire department and any smoke detectors required by the engineering analysis.

    909.13 Control air tubing. Control air tubing shall be of sufficient size to meet the required response times. Tubing shall be flushed clean and dry prior to final connections and shall be adequately supported and protected from damage. Tubing passing through concrete or masonry shall be sleeved and protected from abrasion and electrolytic action.

    909.13.1 Materials. Control air tubing shall be hard drawn copper, Type L, ACR in accordance with ASTM B42, ASTM B43, ASTM B68/B68M, ASTM B88, ASTM B251 and ASTM B280. Fittings shall be wrought copper or brass, solder type, in accordance with ASME B16.18 or ASME B16.22. Changes in direction shall be made with appropriate tool bends. Brass compression-type fittings shall be used at final connection to devices; other joints shall be brazed using a BCuP5 brazing alloy with solidus above 1,100°F (593°C) and liquidus below 1,500°F (816°C). Brazing flux shall be used on copper-to-brass joints only.

    Exception: Nonmetallic tubing used within control panels and at the final connection to devices, provided that all of the following conditions are met:

    1. Tubing shall comply with the requirements of Section 602.3.5 of the California Mechanical Code .
    2. Tubing and the connected device shall be completely enclosed within a galvanized or paint-grade steel enclosure having a minimum thickness of 0.0296 inch (0.7534 mm) (No. 22 gage). Entry to the enclosure shall be by copper tubing with a protective grommet of neoprene or Teflon or by suitable brass compression to male-barbed adapter.
    3. Tubing shall be identified by appropriately documented coding.
    4. Tubing shall be neatly tied and supported within the enclosure. Tubing bridging cabinets and doors or moveable devices shall be of sufficient length to avoid tension and excessive stress. Tubing shall be protected against abrasion. Tubing connected to devices on doors shall be fastened along hinges.

    909.13.2 Isolation from other functions. Control tubing serving other than smoke control functions shall be isolated by automatic isolation valves or shall be an independent system.

    909.13.3 Testing. Control air tubing shall be tested at three times the operating pressure for not less than 30 minutes without any noticeable loss in gauge pressure prior to final connection to devices.

    909.14 Marking and identification. The detection and control systems shall be clearly marked at all junctions, accesses and terminations.

    909.15 Control diagrams. Identical control diagrams showing all devices in the system and identifying their location and function shall be maintained current and kept on file with the fire code official, the fire department and in the fire command center in a format and manner approved by the fire code official.

  • CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text
    1. The pressure should be increased at a rate of approximately 300 psi per minute until the test pressure is obtained. The ultimate test pressure is to be held for 1 minute.
    2. Five cylinders are to be subjected to this test. None of the cylinders shall rupture or show evidence of leakage. Deformation of a cylinder is not considered a failure.

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    INSTRUCTIONS

    Sec. 12-72-204.

    (a) General. Each fire alarm device shall be provided with the following installation, operating and maintenance instructions:

    1. Typical installation layout for the unit(s) indicating recommended locations.
    2. Description of the operation, testing (if provided), and proper maintenance procedures of the unit(s).
    3. Information on establishing a household emergency evacuation plan in the event of a fire.
    4. An indication that the local fire authority shall be notified of the installation.

    (b) The instructions may be incorporated on the outside of the unit, on a separate sheet, or as part of a manual. If not included directly on the device, the instructions or manual shall be referenced in the marking information on the unit.

    MARKING

    Sec. 12-72-205.

    (a) General. A fire alarm device shall be clearly and permanently marked where it will be visible after installation with the following information. Removal of a unit from an installed position by removing not more than one screw to view the marking is considered as meeting the requirement regarding visibility after installation.

    1. Name or identifying symbol of manufacturer or vendor.
    2. Model number or equivalent.
    3. Temperature rating of the fire alarm device.
    4. Reference to the State Fire Marshal Regulations for Household Fire Warning Equipment.
    5. The statement: “Do Not Paint” or equivalent to prevent painting of the temperature sensitive element and the markings. The letters shall be a minimum of [1] / 8 inch (3 mm) in height.
    6. The following information is required on gas operated units. The letters shall be a minimum of [1] / 8 inch (3 mm) in height. CAUTION—Pressurized Container—Do Not Puncture or Incinerate—Explosion Hazard May Result
    7. The following or equivalent wording: Operation—Responds To A Heat Producing Fire Only. Unit Will Actuate When The Temperature Of The Surrounding Air Reaches The Marked Temperature Rating (Plus Or Minus A Few Degrees) Provided The Air Temperature Increase Is 1°F (0.56°C) Per Minute Or Less. At Faster Rates Of Temperature Rise, The Surrounding Air Temperature At Which The Unit Will Actuate Will Be Above The Marked Rating, The Temperature Differential Depending On The Rate Of Rise Of Temperature Produced By A Fire. This Temperature Differential Results From the Time Lag Before The Temperature Element Absorbs The Necessary Heat From the Surrounding Air to Actuate.
    8. Instructions for setting or rewinding of a spring wound fire alarm device to be included on the device.
    9. For gas-operated fire alarm devices information to return the unit to the factory for servicing shall be provided.
    10. State Fire Marshal listing file number if required by Article 1.5.

    (b) If a manufacturer has more than one temperature rating for an alarm device, where the thermally sensitive element is renewable and must be replaced after operation, the renewable element shall bear the manufacturer’s name or equivalent identification and the temperature rating.

  • CRSC § 909.12.4 High relevance — show source text

    [F] 909.12.4 Automatic control. Where completely automatic control is required or used, the automatic-control sequences shall be initiated from an appropriately zoned automatic sprinkler system complying with Section 903.3.1.1, manual controls provided with ready access for the fire department and any smoke detectors required by engineering analysis.

    [F] 909.13 Control air tubing. Control air tubing shall be of sufficient size to meet the required response times. Tubing shall be flushed clean and dry prior to final connections and shall be adequately supported and protected from damage. Tubing passing through concrete or masonry shall be sleeved and protected from abrasion and electrolytic action.

    [F] 909.13.1 Materials. Control-air tubing shall be hard-drawn copper, Type L, ACR in accordance with ASTM B42, ASTM B43, ASTM B68/B68M, ASTM B88, ASTM B251 and ASTM B280. Fittings shall be wrought copper or brass, solder type in accordance with ASME B16.18 or ASME B16.22. Changes in direction shall be made with appropriate tool bends. Brass compression-type fittings shall be used at final connection to devices; other joints shall be brazed using a BCuP-5 brazing alloy with solidus above 1,100°F (593°C) and liquids below 1,500°F (816°C). Brazing flux shall be used on copper-to-brass joints only.

    Exception: Nonmetallic tubing used within control panels and at the final connection to devices provided that all of the following conditions are met:

    1. Tubing shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 6 of the California Mechanical Code .
    2. Tubing and connected devices shall be completely enclosed within a galvanized or paint-grade steel enclosure having a minimum thickness of 0.0296 inch (0.7534 mm) (No. 22 gage). Entry to the enclosure shall be by copper tubing with a protective grommet of neoprene or Teflon or by suitable brass compression to male barbed adapter.
    3. Tubing shall be identified by appropriately documented coding.
    4. Tubing shall be neatly tied and supported within the enclosure. Tubing bridging cabinets and doors or moveable devices shall be of sufficient length to avoid tension and excessive stress. Tubing shall be protected against abrasion. Tubing connected to devices on doors shall be fastened along hinges.

    [F] 909.13.2 Isolation from other functions. Control tubing serving other than smoke control functions shall be isolated by automatic isolation valves or shall be an independent system.

    [F] 909.13.3 Testing. Control air tubing shall be tested at three times the operating pressure for not less than 30 minutes without any noticeable loss in gauge pressure prior to final connection to devices.

    [F] 909.14 Marking and identification. The detection and control systems shall be clearly marked at all junctions, accesses and terminations.

    [F] 909.15 Control diagrams. Identical control diagrams showing all devices in the system and identifying their location and function shall be maintained current and kept on file with the fire code official, the fire department and in the fire command center in a format and manner approved by the fire code official.

  • CRSC § 7.25 High relevance — show source text

    7.25 feet (2210 mm) below equipment situated over passageways. [ASHRAE 15:8.11.1]

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    REFRIGERATION

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    1106.2.2 Openings. Each refrigeration machinery room shall have a tight-fitting door or doors opening outward, self-closing where they open into the building and adequate in number to ensure freedom for persons to escape in an emergency. With the exception of access doors and panels in air ducts and air-handling units in accordance with Section 1106.2.3, there shall be no openings that will permit passage of escaping refrigerant to other parts of the building. [ASHRAE 15:8.11.2]

    1106.2.3 Airflow. There shall be no airflow to or from an occupied space through a machinery room unless the air is ducted and sealed in such a manner as to prevent any refrigerant leakage from entering the airstream. Access doors and panels in ductwork and air-handling units shall be gasketed and tight fitting. [ASHRAE 15:8.11.3]

    1106.2.4 Restricted Access. Access to the refrigeration machinery room shall be restricted to authorized personnel. Doors shall be clearly marked, or permanent signs shall be posted at each entrance to indicate this restriction. [ASHRAE 15:8.11.4]

    1106.2.5 Detectors and Alarms. Each refrigeration machinery room shall contain one or more refrigerant detectors in accordance with Section 1106.2.6, located in areas where refrigerant from a leak will concentrate, that actuate an alarm and mechanical ventilation in accordance with Section 1106.2.7 at a set point not more than the corresponding Occupational Exposure Limit, OEL, in accordance with Table 1102.3, a set point determined in accordance with the OEL as defined in Chapter 2 shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The alarm shall annunciate visual and audible alarms inside the refrigeration machinery room and outside each entrance to the refrigeration machinery room. The alarms required in this section shall be of the manual reset type with the reset located inside the refrigeration machinery room. Alarms set at other levels, such as IDLH, and automatic reset alarms shall be permitted in addition to those required in accordance with this section. The meaning of each alarm shall be clearly marked by signage near the annunciator.

    Exception: Refrigerant detectors are not required where only systems using R-718 (water) are located in the refrigeration machinery room. For Group A2L and B2L, refrigerant detectors shall comply with Section 1106.11.

    1106.2.6 Refrigerant Detectors. Refrigerant detectors required in accordance with Section 1106.2.5 or Section 1107.1.7 shall meet all of the following conditions:

    (1) The refrigerant detector shall perform automatic self-testing of sensors. Where a failure is detected, a trouble signal shall be activated.

    (2) The refrigerant detector shall have one or more set points to activate responses in accordance with Section 1106.2.5 or Section 1107.1.7.

  • CRSC § 914.1.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    [F] 914.1.2 Interior access to shaftways. Door or window openings to a hoistway or shaftway from the interior of the building shall be plainly marked with the word “SHAFTWAY” in red letters not less than 6 inches (152 mm) high on a white background. Such warning signs shall be placed so as to be readily discernible.

    Exception: Markings shall not be required on shaftway openings that are readily discernible as openings onto a shaftway by the construction or arrangement.

    [F] 914.2 Equipment room identification. Fire protection equipment shall be identified in an approved manner. Rooms containing controls for air-conditioning systems, sprinkler risers and valves or other fire detection, suppression or control elements shall be identified for the use of the fire department. Approved signs required to identify fire protection equipment and equipment location shall be constructed of durable materials, permanently installed and readily visible.

    SECTION 915—CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) DETECTION

    [F] 915.1 General. Carbon monoxide (CO) detection shall be installed in new buildings in accordance with Section s 915.1.1 through 915.7. [Not adopted by HCD] Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in existing buildings in accordance with Chapter 11 of the California Fire Code .

    Pursuant to Health and Safety Code Section 17926, carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in all existing Group R buildings as required in Section 915.

    Exception: Carbon monoxide detection is not required in Group S, Group F and Group U occupancies that are not normally occupied.

    [F] 915.1.1 Where required. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in the locations specified in Section 915.2 where any of the following conditions exist.

    1. In buildings that contain a CO source.
    2. In buildings that contain or are supplied by a CO-producing forced-air furnace.
    3. In buildings with attached private garages.
    4. In buildings that have a CO-producing vehicle that is used within the building.

    [F] 915.2 Locations. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s published instructions in the locations specified in Sections 915.2.1 through 915.2.3.

    [F] 915.2.1 Dwelling units. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in dwelling units in the following locations: 1. Outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms. 2. On every occupiable level of a dwelling unit, including basements. 3. Where a CO source is located within a bedroom or its attached bathroom, carbon monoxide detection shall be installed within the bedroom.

    [F] 915.2.2 Sleeping units. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in sleeping units.

    Exception: Carbon monoxide detection shall be allowed to be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the sleeping unit where the sleeping unit or its attached bathroom does not contain a CO source and is not served by a CO-producing forced-air furnace.

    [F] 915.2.3 Group E occupancies. A carbon monoxide system that uses carbon monoxide detectors shall be installed in Group E occupancies where classrooms include any of the conditions identified in Sections 915.1.2 through 915.1.6 . Alarm signals from carbon monoxide detectors shall be automatically transmitted to an on-site location as approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

  • CRSC § 12-72 Medium relevance — show source text

    2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 107

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    108 2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE

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    12-72-1 PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS

    STANDARD TEST PROCEDURES

    STANDARD 12-72-1

    STATE FIRE MARSHAL

    SCOPE

    Sec. 12-72-100.

    (a) Basic. This standard represents the minimum basic requirements for the construction and performance of the protective signaling systems to be listed under this classification. The minimum design, construction and performance standards set forth herein are those deemed as minimum necessary to establish conformance to the regulations of the State Fire Marshal as set forth in the California Electrical Code, and when applicable shall be reported on in their entirety by the approved testing laboratory.

    (b) Systems. This standard covers electrically operated devices and control units designed to transmit and sound alarms, supervisory and trouble signals to be employed in ordinary indoor locations in accordance with the Standards of the National Fire Protection Association for the Installation, Maintenance and Use of Proprietary, Auxiliary and Local Protective Signaling Systems, Remote Station, Nos. 72A, 72B, 72C and 72D, and the California Electrical Code. This includes combination protective signaling systems employing nonsupervised sounding circuits; combination fire alarm-communication, -program and -clock systems (hereinafter referred to as combination signaling systems); and audible devices used for both alarm and program or communication

    purposes.

    (c) Control unit. A control unit covered by this standard consists of a unit assembly of electrical parts having provisions for the connection of power-supply circuits routed through the control unit equipment by a prescribed scheme of circuitry; signal initiating circuits extended to separate devices by which the operating parts of the control unit are actuated for signals, and to incorporated or separate devices by which the signals are transmitted or indicated to form a coordinated combination system for definite signaling service.

    TEST REPORTS

    Sec. 12-72-101.

    (a) Test report contents. The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Section 12-72102 (a) through (u); it shall include wiring, diagrams, operating manuals and photographs as set forth in Section 12-72-102 (a), Items 5 and 6; it shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with Sections 12-72-103 (a) through (g) and the results thereof; and shall verify the correctness of the electrical rating required by Section 12-72-107.

    (b) Listed devices. Electrical wiring, material, devices, combination of devices, fittings, appliances and equipment which have been tested and listed by an approved listing agency for the intended purpose and use need not be individually retested.

    The report shall include the catalog number or other readily identifiable marking, the name of the approved listing agency, the laboratory test report number and date. Such individually tested and listed component parts and devices when installed in combination with other devices in a control unit or in a circuit extended from such control unit shall be subjected to the performance standard tests to determine its suitability for use in combination with other component parts, devices, circuits or equipment.

  • CRSC § 12-72 Medium relevance — show source text

    The liner shall be located so that it will not be affected adversely by arcing. 7. Insulating material having a thickness less than that specified in Item 6 may be used, if upon investigation, it is found to be adequate for the particular application. 8. Enamel-insulated wire is considered to be a bare current-carrying part in determining compliance of a device with the spacing requirements, but enamel is acceptable as turn-to-turn insulation in coils.

    PERFORMANCE

    Sec. 12-72-303.

    (a) General.

    1. Unless otherwise specified, detectors representative of production are to be used for each of the following tests.

    2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 141

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    PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS

    1. The devices employed for testing are to be those specified by the wiring diagram of the detector, except that substitute devices may be used if they produce functions and load conditions equivalent to those obtained with the devices intended to be used with the detector in service.

    2. Data on detector components, e.g., capacitors, resistors (other than carbon or wire wound), solid state devices, etc., shall be provided by the manufacturer for evaluation of the reliability of the components for the intended application. If a MilSpec. is referenced, a copy of the specification is to be provided for review. A failure rate of 0.5 failure per million hours for nonsupervised components would be acceptable.

    3. The data required in the preceding paragraph shall include the following: A. Component fault analysis. Effect of failure, open and short, particularly of capacitors, on operation of a detector. B. A description of any component screening and burn-in test, if available. C. Amount of derating of components under normal standby and alarm conditions. A derating of 50 percent or more is acceptable for all components except for electrolytic capacitors. See also Table 12-72-3F. D. Component failure rate data at rated values and derated values. This may be in the form of a reference to a MilSpec. handbook or equivalent. E. Maximum ratings for components. F. Any other data, not included above, which will provide an equivalent reliability analysis.

    DETECTOR RATED VOLTAGE, NAMEPLATE TEST VOLTAGE
    110 to 120 120
    220 to 240 240
    Other Marked Rating
    1. Unless specifically specified otherwise, the test voltage for each test of a detector shall be as follows at rated frequency:
    2. The following samples are used to perform the tests of this standard: A. At least 20 assembled detectors fully representative of production units. B. One additional unassembled detector fully representative of production units. C. Five additional samples of detectors employing a radioactive source. These may be partial assemblies illustrating the radioactive source installation.

    D. Three control units and/or power supplies if the detectors are intended specifically to be employed with a specific unit or power supply. E. The monitoring instrument or reference to a commonly available meter intended to monitor sensitivity of a detector.

  • CRSC § 12-72 Medium relevance — show source text

    purposes.

    (c) Control unit. A control unit covered by this standard consists of a unit assembly of electrical parts having provisions for the connection of power-supply circuits routed through the control unit equipment by a prescribed scheme of circuitry; signal initiating circuits extended to separate devices by which the operating parts of the control unit are actuated for signals, and to incorporated or separate devices by which the signals are transmitted or indicated to form a coordinated combination system for definite signaling service.

    TEST REPORTS

    Sec. 12-72-101.

    (a) Test report contents. The report shall include engineering data, and an analysis comparing the design against Section 12-72102 (a) through (u); it shall include wiring, diagrams, operating manuals and photographs as set forth in Section 12-72-102 (a), Items 5 and 6; it shall set forth the tests performed in accordance with Sections 12-72-103 (a) through (g) and the results thereof; and shall verify the correctness of the electrical rating required by Section 12-72-107.

    (b) Listed devices. Electrical wiring, material, devices, combination of devices, fittings, appliances and equipment which have been tested and listed by an approved listing agency for the intended purpose and use need not be individually retested.

    The report shall include the catalog number or other readily identifiable marking, the name of the approved listing agency, the laboratory test report number and date. Such individually tested and listed component parts and devices when installed in combination with other devices in a control unit or in a circuit extended from such control unit shall be subjected to the performance standard tests to determine its suitability for use in combination with other component parts, devices, circuits or equipment.

    (c) Listed control units. Control units which by their design are intended to fully comply with the Standard for the Installation, Maintenance and Use of Proprietary, Auxiliary, Remote Station and Local Protective Association may be investigated and tested in accordance with the Standards for Safety established by Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc., U.L. 864, provided such investigation, test and report incorporates the provisions of the California Electrical Code.

    (d) Rejection for cause. Compliance with these standards will not necessarily mean approval and listing, if, when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which may impair the result intended by these regulations. Unusual constructions may require application of additional performance tests. The State Fire Marshal may refuse to approve any item for cause.

    (e) Systems only. The standard applies to protective signaling systems as defined in the California Electrical Code, and systems or systems components for which application for approval and listing has been filed under the provisions of the California Electrical Code.

    This standard does not cover manual stations, automatic detectors, automatic transmitters or other actuating devices; nor does it cover separately listed bells, registers or other indicating devices which are not provided as a part of the control unit or matched against the output of sound-reproducing equipment.

    (f) Differing constructions. A control unit having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested according to the intent of this standard, and if found to be substantially equivalent may be given recognition for approval and listing. The office of the State Fire Marshal shall be consulted for general requirements and performance standards.

    2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 109

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    PROTECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS

    GENERAL

    Sec. 12-72-102.

    (a) **Investigation—Report.

Frequently asked questions

What if a detector is too small to carry every mark on its housing?

If space is limited, the detector may show a clear reference to an installation wiring diagram (drawing number and date) that contains the full required information; the reference itself must be marked on the unit. § 12-72-302(b).H

Is a removable nameplate OK for a control unit?

No — markings must be plainly and permanently affixed (nameplate, die-stamped numbers or equivalent permanent marking) so identification is retained. § 12-72-102(b).1

Where must the wiring diagram be placed for a control unit?

A wiring diagram must be attached inside the control cabinet or metalware enclosure so it is accessible when servicing the unit. § 12-72-102(b).2

Is “DO NOT PAINT” mandatory on all detectors?

Detectors that are not intended to be painted must be marked “DO NOT PAINT.” If so marked, specific paint-loading tests may be omitted. § 12-72-302(b).2 § 12-72-303(z)

Must the control unit identify limited-energy circuits?

Yes — a control unit designed for use with limited-energy circuits must be marked to identify the particular circuits in which energy is limited. § 12-72-102(b).7

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