CHBC · California Historical Building Code
Use of new materials, joints and fuel‑gas piping in historic plumbing
For historic buildings, the CHBC requires new plumbing and gas work to meet the regular plumbing code but allows the enforcing agency to accept alternative materials or retain historic joints when those choices do not increase safety hazards; consult the enforcing agency early and use the California Plumbing Code rules (pressure limits, joint methods and testing) for technical details.
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2–4 sentences
The California Historical Building Code permits the use of new nonhistorical materials for plumbing so long as they comply with the regular code, but it also authorizes the enforcing agency to accept alternative materials or solutions that do not create a safety hazard when needed to preserve historic character (§ 8-903.3) . For joints and connections, new systems must meet the regular code while existing or restored systems may retain any joint type that does not create a safety hazard (§ 8-903.7) . Fuel‑gas piping is required to comply with the regular fuel‑gas rules except that the enforcing agency may accept alternatives that do not increase the safety hazard (§ 8-903.10) .
The single most important rule: the CHBC defers to the regular plumbing/fuel‑gas code for new work, but allows the enforcing agency to accept nonstandard materials or joints only when those alternatives do not increase the safety hazard (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.7, § 8-903.10) .
Requirements in detail
Fundamental principles (what to check first)
- Confirm whether the work is new (installation of a new system) or existing/restored (repair, restoration, or continuation of archaic materials). CHBC treats them differently: new work generally follows the regular code; existing/restored work may retain nonstandard elements if safe (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.7) .
- Any acceptance of an alternative (material, joint, or piping solution) is subject to the judgment of the enforcing agency: the alternative must not increase the safety hazard (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.10) .
Use of new materials — scope and limits
- Rule: New nonhistorical materials must comply with the regular (California) plumbing code; however, the enforcing agency may accept alternatives that preserve historical integrity provided they do not increase safety risk (§ 8-903.3) .
- Decision factors the enforcing agency will consider:
- Whether the alternative materially increases risk to life, health or property.
- Whether the alternative is necessary to preserve historical integrity (appearance, material match, limited intrusion).
- Available test data or proven equivalence to the regular‑code material.
Joints and connections — what is allowed
- New systems: joints and connections in new plumbing systems must comply with the regular code (material, joint type, testing) (§ 8-903.7.1) .
- Existing / restored systems: joints and connections in existing or restored systems may be of any type so long as they do not create a safety hazard; the enforcing agency may accept historically "archaic" joint types on that basis (§ 8-903.7.2) .
- If a regular‑code joint requirement is invoked (for example, strength, pressure rating, or sealing), the California Plumbing Code provisions apply (see "Related technical rules" below) .
Fuel‑gas piping — how CHBC treats gas systems
- Basic rule: Fuel‑gas piping shall comply with the regular code requirements except that the enforcing agency shall accept solutions which do not increase the safety hazard (§ 8-903.10) .
- Because CHBC defers to the regular code for technical limits, reference the California Plumbing Code for key numeric limits, material acceptance and testing (examples in the table below) .
Decision‑relevant values (quick reference table)
| Decision item | Key value / test | When it matters | Code reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Compliance requirement for new materials | Must comply with regular code | Use of copper, CSST, PEX, etc., for new installations | § 8-903.3 |
| Acceptance of alternatives to preserve historic fabric | May be accepted if they do not create a safety hazard | Historic matching, concealed repairs | § 8-903.3 cite |
| Joints in new systems | Must meet regular code joint rules | New piping, branch connections | § 8-903.7.1 |
| Joints in existing/restored systems | Any type allowed if no safety hazard | Restorations that preserve historic fittings | § 8-903.7.2 |
| Max operating pressure inside buildings | 5 psi (unless conditions in the regular code are met) | Selection of joint method, material rating | CPC § 1208.4 |
| General gas piping test pressure (nonwelded) | 10 psi for pressure test (minimum) | Proof of leak‑tightness after installation | CPC § 1213.3 |
| Test pressure for welded/high‑pressure piping | 60 psi (welded) | Piping carrying higher-than-usual pressures | CPC § 1213.3 |
| Joint design and heat‑fusion requirements | Joints must equal or exceed pipe strength; follow manufacturer/tested procedure for heat fusion | For plastic gas piping and fusion joints | CPC § 1208.5.10 |
| Thread joint sealing compatibility | Sealants must be compatible with pipe material and gas | Threaded metal joints | CPC § 1208.5.8.3 |
(Where the CHBC says “comply with the regular code,” the California Plumbing Code (CPC) is the “regular code” for fuel‑gas piping and joint standards; the table points to a few commonly used CPC provisions for technical limits.)
Exceptions & special cases
- Historic preservation exception: retaining archaic materials or joints in an existing/restored system is explicitly permitted if the enforcing agency determines there is no safety hazard — do not assume automatic replacement is required (§ 8-903.7.2) .
- New fuel‑gas systems: CHBC requires compliance with the regular fuel‑gas rules but allows the enforcing agency to accept alternative solutions that do not increase hazards — consult the enforcing agency early for proposed nonstandard installations (§ 8-903.10) .
- Where CHBC is silent on a technical detail, the enforcing agency will typically require compliance with the applicable CPC provisions (materials, joints, testing) — e.g., pressure limits, test procedures and joint markings per CPC §§ 1208 / 1213 .
Common mistakes
- Treating CHBC as a blanket waiver: CHBC does not waive safety requirements — it only allows alternatives when they do not increase hazard. Always document why a nonstandard material or joint is necessary and show that it is safe (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.7) .
- Installing new joints without checking regular code standards: new systems must follow the regular code joint requirements; do not assume historical appearance alone is sufficient (§ 8-903.7.1) .
- Forgetting to consult the enforcing agency early: acceptance of alternatives is discretionary — get preapproval for proposed historic‑preserving solutions before fabricating or installing. CHBC explicitly makes the enforcing agency the decision maker for accepted alternatives (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.10) .
- Applying CPC numeric limits without checking exceptions: where the CPC allows higher pressures for certain joint types, make sure the joints and installation method meet those CPC conditions (e.g., welded or listed fittings for pressures > 5 psi) rather than assuming higher pressure is allowed automatically — CHBC defers to those CPC conditions when it invokes the regular code (§ 8-903.10) .
Worked example — replacing an historic gas line inside a small historic house
Scenario: A qualified historic house requires replacement of an interior gas run to serve a new range. The owner wants to preserve exposed historic pipe appearance in a kitchen alcove but needs a safe, code‑compliant system.
Steps applying CHBC:
- CHBC first step — classification: this is a new fuel‑gas piping installation (not merely repair), so CHBC requires the new work to “comply with the regular code requirements” unless the enforcing agency accepts an alternative that does not increase hazard (§ 8-903.10) .
- Technical limits from the regular code: verify piping pressure. The CPC limits maximum operating pressure inside buildings to 5 psi unless certain conditions are met (welded joints, listed fittings, ventilated chase, etc.) — so design the piping for ≤ 5 psi or use CPC‑approved methods to exceed that limit (1208.4) .
- Joint selection: for a new system, joints must meet CPC joint rules — e.g., choose brazed copper or listed press‑connect fittings, or CSST with manufacturer procedures and listed fittings; ensure the joint method provides adequate pullout resistance and manufacturer‑approved heat‑fusion procedure if plastic tubing is proposed (CPC 1208.5.9 / 1208.5.10) .
- Test: after installation, perform the required pressure test — at least 10 psi held for a minimum interval for general gas piping per CPC 1213.3 (confirm AHJ holds/accepts the test protocol) — document results for the permit file .
- If the owner wishes to reuse a historic exposed nipple or decorative coupling: propose reuse as a retained historic element under CHBC § 8-903.7.2 and present supporting evidence that the retained joint does not increase the safety hazard (e.g., cleaned and pressure‑tested, or used only as a cosmetic sleeve over a new code‑compliant joint). The enforcing agency may accept that approach if it finds no increased hazard (§ 8-903.7.2) .
Result: If the installer follows CPC joint/material/testing requirements for the new piping and obtains AHJ concurrence for any retained historic components, the installation meets CHBC intent: code compliance for safety, with preserved historic character where safely possible (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.7, § 8-903.10) .
Related provisions
- CHBC — § 8-903.3 (Materials)
- CHBC — § 8-903.7 (Joints and connections)
- CHBC — § 8-903.10 (Fuel‑gas piping)
- California Plumbing Code — § 1208.4 (Maximum operating pressure inside buildings)
- California Plumbing Code — § 1208.5 / § 1208.5.10 (Acceptable piping materials and joint / heat‑fusion joint design)
- California Plumbing Code — § 1213.3 (Gas piping test pressure requirements)
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Historical Building Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CHBC § 8-903.3 High relevance — show source text
8-903.3 Materials. New nonhistorical materials shall comply with the regular code requirements. The enforcing agency shall accept alternative materials which do not create a safety hazard where their use is necessary to maintain the historical integrity of the building.
8-903.4 Drainage and vent systems. Plumbing fixtures shall be connected to an adequate drainage and vent system. The enforcing agency may require operational tests for drainage and vent systems which do not comply with applicable requirements of the regular code. Vent terminations may be installed in any location which, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, does not create a safety hazard.
8-903.5 Indirect and special wastes. Indirect and special waste systems shall be installed so that no safety hazard is created. Chemical or industrial liquid wastes which may detrimentally affect the sanitary sewer system shall be pretreated to render them safe prior to discharge.
8-903.6 Traps and interceptors. Traps and interceptors shall comply with the regular code requirements except that the enforcing agency shall accept solutions which do not increase the safety hazard. Properly maintained “S” and drum traps may remain in use.
8-903.7 Joints and connections.
8-903.7.1 Joints and connections in new plumbing systems shall comply with applicable requirements of the regular code.
8-903.7.2 Joints and connections in existing or restored systems may be of any type that does not create a safety hazard.
8-903.8 Water distribution. Plumbing fixtures shall be connected to an adequate water distribution system. The enforcing agency may require operational tests for water distribution systems which do not comply with applicable requirements of the regular code. Prohibited (unlawful) connections and cross connections shall not be permitted.
8-903.9 Building sewers and private sewage disposal systems. New building sewers and new private sewage disposal systems shall comply with applicable requirements of the regular code.
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MECHANICAL, PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
8-903.10 Fuel-gas piping. Fuel-gas piping shall comply with the regular code requirements except that the enforcing agency shall accept solutions which do not increase the safety hazard.
SECTION 8-904 — ELECTRICAL
8-904.1 General. Electrical systems shall comply with the regular code unless otherwise permitted by this code, or approved by the authority having jurisdiction.
8-904.1.1 The provisions of the CHBC shall apply to the acceptance, location, installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement or addition of any electrical system or portion thereof, the premise wiring, or equipment fixed in place as related to restoration within or attached to a qualified historical building or property.
8-904.1.2 Existing systems, wiring methods and electrical equipment which do not, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, constitute a safety hazard may remain in use.
8-904.1.3 The enforcing agency may approve any alternative to the CHBC which achieves equivalent safety.
8-904.1.4 Archaic methods that do not appear in present codes may remain and may be extended if, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, they constitute a safe installation.
8-904.2 Wiring methods.
CHBC § 1201.0 High relevance — show source text
1201.0 General.
1201.1 Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall govern the installation of fuel gas piping in or in connection with a building, structure or within the property lines of premises up to 5 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (34 kPa) for natural gas and 10 psi (69 kPa) for undiluted propane, other than service pipe. Fuel oil piping systems connected to oil- burning equipment shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 31. Fuel oil piping systems connected to internal com- bustion engines and gas turbines shall be installed in accor- dance with NFPA 37.
1202.0 Coverage of Piping System. 1202.1 General. Coverage of piping systems shall extend from the point of delivery to the appliance connections. For other than undiluted liquefied petroleum gas (LP-Gas) systems, the point of delivery shall be the outlet of the service meter assembly or the outlet of the service regulator or service shutoff valve where no meter is provided. For undiluted LP-Gas systems, the point of delivery shall be considered to be the outlet of the final pressure regulator, exclusive of line gas regulators where no meter is installed. Where a meter is installed, the point of delivery shall be the outlet of the meter.
[NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(A)] 1202.2 Piping System Requirements. Requirements for piping systems shall include design, materials, components, fabrication, assembly, installation, testing, inspection, operation, and maintenance. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(E)] 1202.3 Applications. This chapter shall not apply to the following items:
(1) Portable LP-Gas appliances and equipment of all types that are not connected to a fixed fuel piping system.
(2) Installation of appliances such as brooders, dehydrators, dryers, and irrigation equipment used for agricultural
purposes.
(3) Raw material (feedstock) applications except for piping to special atmosphere generators.
(4) Oxygen-fuel gas cutting and welding systems.
(5) Industrial gas applications using such gases as acetylene and acetylenic compounds, hydrogen, ammonia, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and nitrogen.
(6) Petroleum refineries, pipeline compressor or pumping stations, loading terminals, compounding plants, refinery tank farms, and natural gas processing plants.
(7) Large integrated chemical plants or portions of such plants where flammable or combustible liquids or gases are produced by chemical reactions or used in chemical reactions.
(8) LP-Gas installations at utility gas plants.
(9) Liquefied natural gas (LNG) installations.
(10)Fuel gas piping in electric utility power plants.
(11)Proprietary items of equipment, apparatus, or instruments such as gas-generating sets, compressors, and calorimeters.
(12)LP-Gas equipment for vaporization, gas mixing, and gas manufacturing.
(13)LP-Gas piping for buildings under construction or renovations that is not to become part of the permanent building piping system—that is, temporary fixed piping for building heat.
(14)Installation of LP-Gas systems for railroad switch heating.
(15)Installation of LP-Gas and compressed natural gas (CNG) systems on vehicles.
(16)Gas piping, meters, gas pressure regulators, and other appurtenances used by the serving gas supplier in distribution of gas, other than undiluted LP-Gas.
CHBC § 312.0 High relevance — show source text
Note: Accessory dwelling units are not required to have inde- pendent service utility (drainage) connections provided they meet the specific requirements in Government Code Section 65852.2.
312.0 Protection of Piping, Tubing, Materials, and Structures.
312.1 General. Piping passing under or through walls shall be protected from breakage. Piping passing through or under cinders or other corrosive materials shall be protected from external corrosion in an approved manner. Approved provisions shall be made for expansion of hot water piping. Voids around piping passing through concrete floors on the ground shall be sealed.
312.2 Installation. Piping in connection with a plumbing system shall be so installed that piping or connections will not be subject to undue strains or stresses, and provisions shall be made for expansion, contraction, and structural settlement. No plumbing piping shall be directly embedded in concrete or masonry. No structural member shall be seriously weakened or impaired by cutting, notching, or otherwise, as defined in the California Building Code or California Residential Code . 312.3 Building Sewer and Drainage Piping. No building sewer or other drainage piping or part thereof, constructed of materials other than those approved for use under or within a building, shall be installed under or within 2 feet (610 mm) of a building or structure, or less than 1 foot (305 mm) below the surface of the ground. 312.4 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage. Piping subject to corrosion, erosion, or mechanical damage shall be protected in an approved manner. 312.5 Protectively Coated Pipe. Protectively coated pipe or tubing shall be inspected and tested, and a visible void, damage, or imperfection to the pipe coating shall be repaired in an approved manner. 312.6 Freezing Protection. No water, soil, or waste pipe shall be installed or permitted outside of a building, in attics or crawl spaces, or in an exterior wall unless, where necessary, adequate provision is made to protect such pipe from freezing. 312.7 Fire-Resistant Construction. Piping penetrations of fire-resistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures shall be protected in accordance with the requirements of the Cal- ifornia Building Code or California Residential Code . 312.8 Waterproofing of Openings. Joints at the roof around pipes, ducts, or other appurtenances shall be made watertight by the use of lead, copper, galvanized iron, or other approved flashings or flashing material. Exterior wall openings shall be made watertight. Counterflashing shall not restrict the required internal cross-sectional area of the vent. 312.9 Steel Nail Plates. Plastic piping or tubing, and copper or copper alloy piping or tubing penetrating framing members to within 1 inch (25.4 mm) of the exposed framing shall be protected by steel nail plates not less than No. 18 gauge (0.0478 inches) (1.2 mm) in thickness. The steel nail plate shall extend along the framing member not less than 1 [1] ⁄ 2 inches (38 mm) beyond the outside diameter of the pipe or tubing. Fuel gas piping shall be protected in accordance with Section 1210.4.3.
CHBC § 1208.5.10.1 Medium relevance — show source text
1208.5.10.1 Joint Design. The joint shall be designed and installed so that the longitudinal pullout resistance of the joint will be at least equal to the tensile strength of the plastic piping material. [NFPA 54:5.5.8(1)]
1208.5.10.2 Heat-Fusion Joint. Heat-fusion joints shall be made in accordance with qualified procedures that have been established and proven by test to produce gastight joints at least as strong as the pipe or tubing being joined. Joints shall be made with the joining method recommended by the pipe manufacturer. Polyethylene heat-fusion fittings shall be marked “ASTM D2513.” Polyamide heat-fusion fittings shall be marked “ASTM F2945.” [NFPA 54:5.5.8(2)] 1208.5.10.3 Compression-Type Mechanical Joints. Where compression-type mechanical joints are used, the gasket material in the fitting shall be compatible with the plastic piping and with the gas distributed by the system. An internal tubular rigid stiffener shall be used in conjunction with the fitting. The stiffener shall be flush with the end of the pipe or tubing and shall extend at least to the outside end of the compression fitting when installed. The stiffener shall be free of rough or sharp edges and shall not be a force fit in the plastic. Split tubular stiffeners shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.5.8(3)] 1208.5.10.4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Piping Systems. Plastic piping joints and fittings for use in LP-Gas piping systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.5.8(4)] 1208.5.11 Flange Specification. Flanges shall comply with Section 1208.5.11.1 through Section 1208.5.11.7. 1208.5.11.1 Cast Iron Flanges. Cast iron flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.1. [NFPA 54:5.5.9.1.1]
1208.5.11.2 Steel Flanges. Steel flanges shall be in accordance with the following:
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1208.6.1.1 Protection from Damage. Gas meters shall not be placed where they will be subjected to damage, such as adjacent to a driveway, under a fire escape, in public passages, halls, or where they will be subject to excessive corrosion or vibration. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.2]
CHBC § 000002-001 Medium relevance — show source text
(in)|EFV
Flow
Series|Maximum
Total
Connected
Load
(scfh)|Maximum
Service
Length
(ft)|Maximum
Total
Connected
Load
(scfh)|Maximum
Service
Length
(ft)|Maximum
Service
Length
(ft)|Maximum
Service
Length
(ft)|Maximum
Service
Length
(ft)**| |½ CTS|400|357|177|400|341|M025078|Lyall|EFV100-
000002-001| |½ CTS|400|385|122|395|251|M020947|Honeywell
Perfection|51716| |½ CTS|775|692|30|775|72|M025079|Lyall|EFV100-
000011-001| |½ CTS|800|700|28|790|66|M020949|Honeywell
Perfection|51713| |1 CTS|775|692|1419|775|2916|M025080|Lyall|EFVEC-
BB3DT00-004| |1 CTS|800|700|1000|790|2355|M020951|Honeywell
Perfection|51715XMD| |1 CTS|1200|1072|523|1200|1196|M025081|Lyall|EFVED-
BB3DT00-004| |1 CTS|1800|1584|104|1800|385|M025082|Lyall|EFVEE-
BB3DT12-004| |1 CTS|1800|1620|122|1775|437|M020954|Honeywell
Perfection|51745XMD| |1¼ IPS|2600|2322|952|2600|1897|M025084|Lyall|EFV300-
000002-003| |2 IPS|55003|4818|1495|5000|2855|M025086|Lyall|EFV300-
000008-002|- The values in this column are based on a 10 psig design pressure.
- The values in this column are based on a 20 psig design pressure.
- 2-inch IPS 5500 EFVs can be used with two reducers and installed on 1¼ IPS service lines. Appendix B provides examples to perform equivalent length calculations, where the maximum service length for NOP ≥ 10 psig is 239 ft and the maximum service length for NOP ≥ 24 psig is 456 ft.
4.3. Specifications and material codes for electrofusion couplings with an incorporated EFV are listed in Table 5.
Printed copies of this document might be out of date. The Technical Information Library (TIL) has the current version.
PG&E Internal Information “PG&E” refers to Pacific Gas and Electric Company, a subsidiary of PG&E Corporation.
©2021 Pacific Gas and Electric Company. All rights reserved.
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Excess Flow Valves A-93.3
CHBC § 8-901.5 Medium relevance — show source text
8-901.5 Energy conservation. Qualified historical buildings or properties covered by this part are exempted from compliance with energy conservation standards. When new nonhistorical lighting and space conditioning system components, devices, appliances and equipment are installed, they shall comply with the requirements of Title 24, Part 6, The California Energy Code, except where the historical significance or character-defining features are threatened.
SECTION 8-902 — MECHANICAL
8-902.1 General. Mechanical systems shall comply with the regular code unless otherwise modified by this chapter.
8-902.1.1 The provisions of the CHBC shall apply to the acceptance, location, installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement or addition of any heating, ventilating, air conditioning, domestic incinerators, kilns or miscellaneous heat-producing appliances or equipment within or attached to a historical building.
8-902.1.2 Existing systems which do not, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, constitute a safety hazard may remain in use.
8-902.1.3 The enforcing agency may approve any alternative to the CHBC which would achieve equivalent life safety.
8-902.2 Heating facilities. All dwelling-type occupancies covered under this chapter shall be provided with heating facilities. Woodburning or pellet stoves or fireplaces may be acceptable as heating facilities.
8-902.3 Fuel oil piping and tanks. Fuel oil piping and tanks shall comply with regular code requirements except that the enforcing agency may waive such requirements where the lack of compliance does not create a safety or environmental hazard.
8-902.4 Heat-producing and cooling equipment. Heat-producing and cooling equipment shall comply with the regular code requirements governing equipment safety, except that the enforcing agency may accept alternatives which do not create a safety hazard.
8-902.5 Combustion air.
8-902.5.1 All fuel-burning appliances and equipment shall be provided a sufficient supply of air for proper fuel combustion, ventilation and draft hood dilution.
8-902.5.2 The enforcing agency may require operational tests for combustion air systems which do not comply with applicable requirements of the regular code.
8-902.6 Venting of appliances.
8-902.6.1 Every appliance required to be vented shall be connected to an approved venting system. Venting systems shall develop a positive flow adequate to convey all combustion products to the outside atmosphere.
8-902.6.2 Masonry chimneys in structurally sound condition may remain in use for all fuel-burning appliances, provided the flue is evaluated and documentation provided that the masonry and grout are in good condition. Terra cotta chimneys and Type C metallic vents installed in concealed spaces shall not remain in use unless otherwise mitigated and approved on a case-by-case basis.
8-902.6.3 The enforcing agency may require operational tests for venting systems which do not comply with applicable requirements of the regular code.
8-902.7 Ducts.
8-902.7.1 New ducts shall be constructed and installed in accordance with applicable requirements of the regular code.
8-902.7.2 Existing duct systems which do not comply with applicable requirements of the regular code and do not, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, constitute a safety or health hazard may remain in use.
8-902.8 Ventilating systems.
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CHBC § 1208.5.3.5 Medium relevance — show source text
1208.5.3.5 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tub- ing. Corrugated stainless steel tubing shall be listed in accordance with CSA/ANSI LC 1/CSA 6.26.
[NFPA 54:5.5.3.6]
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FUEL GAS PIPING
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IRON
PIPE SIZE
(inches)APPROXIMATE
LENGTH OF
THREADED PORTION
(inches)APPROXIMATE
NUMBER OF
THREADS TO BE CUT
1⁄23⁄4 10
3⁄43⁄4 10
17⁄8 10
11⁄41 11
11⁄21 11
21 11 21⁄2 11⁄2 12
311⁄2 12
415⁄8 13 For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
1208.5.8.3 Thread Joint Sealing. Threaded joints shall be made using a thread joint sealing material.
[NFPA 54:5.5.6.4.1]
Thread joint sealing materials shall be compatible with the pipe and fitting material on which the compounds are used. [NFPA 54:5.5.6.4.2]
Thread joint sealing materials shall be resistant to the chemical constituents of the gases to be conducted through the piping. {NFPA 54:5.5.6.4.3}
1208.5.9 Metallic Piping Joints and Fittings. The type of piping joint used shall be suitable for the pressure and temperature conditions and shall be selected giving consideration to joint tightness and mechanical strength under the service conditions. The joint shall be able to sustain the maximum end force due to the internal pressure and any additional forces due to temperature expansion or contraction, vibration, fatigue, or the weight of the pipe and its contents. [NFPA 54:5.5.7]
1208.5.9.1 Pipe Joints. Schedule 40 and heavier pipe joints shall be threaded, flanged, brazed, welded, or assembled with press-connect fittings listed to ANSI LC 4/CSA 6.32.
(1) Where nonferrous pipe is brazed, the brazing materials shall have a melting point in excess of 1000°F (538°C).
(2) Brazing alloys shall not contain more than 0.05 percent phosphorus. {NFPA 54:5.5.7.1} 1208.5.9.2 Copper Tubing Joints. Copper tubing joints shall be assembled with approved gas tubing fittings, shall be brazed with a material having a melting point in excess of 1000°F (538°C), or shall be assembled with press-connect fittings listed to ANSI LC 4/CSA 6.32. Brazing alloys shall not contain more than 0.05 percent phosphorus. [NFPA 54:5.5.7]
CHBC § 710.11 Medium relevance — show source text
Where the preceding requirements are met and the vent, after leaving the sump, is combined with vents from fixtures discharging into the sump, the size of the combined vent need not exceed that required for the total number of fixtures discharging into the sump. No vent from an air-operating sewage ejector shall combine with other vents. 710.11 Air Tanks. Air tanks shall be so proportioned as to be of equal cubical capacity to the ejectors connected in addition to that in which there shall be maintained an air pressure of not less than 2 pounds per foot (lb/ft) (3 kg/m) of height the sewage is to be raised. No water-operated ejectors shall be permitted. 710.12 Grinder Pump Ejector. Grinder pumps shall be permitted to be used. 710.12.1 Discharge Piping. The discharge piping shall be sized in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and shall be not less than 1 [1] ⁄ 4 inches (32 mm) in diameter. A check valve and fullwaytype shutoff valve shall be located on the discharge line. 710.13 Macerating Toilet Systems and Pumped Waste Systems. Fixtures shall be permitted to discharge to a macerating toilet system, or pumped waste system shall be permitted as an alternate to a sewage pump system where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Such systems shall comply with ASME A112.3.4/CSA B45.9 and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation
instructions.
710.13.1 Sumps. The sump shall be watertight and gastight. 710.13.2 Discharge Piping. The discharge piping shall be sized in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and shall be not less than [3] ⁄ 4 of an inch (20 mm) in diameter. The developed length of the discharge piping shall not exceed the manufacturer’s instructions. A check
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SANITARY DRAINAGE
valve and fullway-type shutoff valve shall be located within the discharge line or internally within the device.
710.13.3 Venting. The plumbing fixtures that discharge into the macerating device shall be vented in accordance with this code. The sump shall be vented in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, and such vent shall be permitted to connect to the fixture venting.
711.0 Suds Relief.
711.1 General. Drainage connections shall not be made into a drainage piping system within 8 feet (2438 mm) of a vertical to horizontal change of direction of a stack containing suds-producing fixtures. Bathtubs, laundries, washing machine standpipes, kitchen sinks, and dishwashers shall be considered suds-producing fixtures. Where parallel vent stacks are required, they shall connect to the drainage stack at a point 8 feet (2438 mm) above the lowest point of the drainage stack.
Exceptions:
(1) Single-family residences.
(2) Stacks receiving the discharge from less than three stories of plumbing fixtures.
712.0 Testing.
CHBC § 105.0 Medium relevance — show source text
Concealment of work
before inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105.0, 503.2,
1203.0, 1406.1
Connections
Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .714.3
Waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.3, 404.2, 603.4.4,
805.1, 807.3, 810.1
Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .602.0, 603.4.4, E 502.3
Copper tubing, use of . . . . . . . . . . .903.2.2, 1208.5.3.3 Damage to drainage system . . . . . .305.1, 312.3, 312.6
Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.5, 1210.10
Direct drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .603.4.4, 805.1,
807.3, 810.1
Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .509.1.2, 714.2, 1603.3.2,
K 104.2
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.0, 315.2, 604.2
Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310.5, 405.0
Food waste disposal,
connection to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1014.1.3
Fuel gas piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1208.5.3.3, 1210.3.4 Industrial waste disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306.2
Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312.2, 602.1
Joints and connections . . . . . . .315.2, 605.1.4, 605.6.2,
1321.12.3, 1322.7
Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .415.4, 1210.3.4, 1503.6
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 801.4, H 501.10, H 501.13,
K 103.1.1, L 503.1.1
Medical gas and medical vacuum piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1323.3.1 Oxygen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1213.1.6 Pipes in concrete or masonry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312.2
CHBC § 1323.13.3 Medium relevance — show source text
2, 1323.13.3| |1326.4 - 1326.10|1326.5 - 1326.11| |1505.6 - 1505.14|1505.5 - 1505.13| |Figure 1505.10|Figure 1505.9| |1506.6 - 1506.13|1506.5 - 1506.12| |1603.3 - 1603.4|1603.4 - 1603.5| |Table 1603.4|Table 1603.5| |1603.5 - 1603.19|1603.6 - 1603.20| |1603.20|1503.2.4| |L 402.9 - L 402.11|L 402.8 - L 402.10| |L 404.9 - L 404.12|L 404.8 - L 404.11| |L 411.5, L 411.6|L 411.2, L411.3| |L 411.7|L 411.4| |L 411.9 - L 411.12|L 411.5 - L 411.8|
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Uniform Plumbing Code – 2024 Edition:
The Uniform Plumbing Code is the most widely adopted plumbing code in the world. The 2024 edition contains complete “turnkey” requirements for the installation and maintenance of plumbing systems, all in one easy to use book.
Uniform Plumbing Code Illustrated Training Manual:
The UPC Illustrated Training Manual is an excellent reference for anyone involved in the plumbing industry. It contains an extensive definitions section and several hundred comprehensive technical diagrams and illustrations. It serves as a textbook, and it also is useful as a valuable tool for explaining the intent and use of the Code.
Uniform Plumbing Code Study Guide:
This book is the perfect complement to the UPC Illustrated Training Manual. Alone, it constitutes a complete self-study course for learning the UPC. It has hundreds of questions, general practice exams, and plumbing math, pipe sizing exercises and fitting identification. A big help in getting you ready for a certification exam!
Guide to Important Code Questions to the Uniform Plumbing Code:
An excellent reference for learning and understanding plumbing code changes and identifies code changes between editions. It is a useful tool for preparing code change proposals.
Uniform Mechanical Code – 2024 Edition:
The Uniform Mechanical Code contains complete requirements for the installation and maintenance of heating, ventilating, cooking and refrigeration systems.
Uniform Mechanical Code Illustrated Training Manual:
Contains technical diagrams and illustrations that demonstrate the intent and use of the UMC. A great reference for everyone involved in Mechanical HVACR design and installation.
Uniform Mechanical Code Study Guide:
CHBC § 1208.3.1 Medium relevance — show source text
1208.3.1 Maximum Gas Demand. The volumetric flow rate of gas to be provided shall be the sum of the maximum input of the appliances served. The volumetric flow rate of gas to be provided shall be adjusted for altitude where the installation is above 2000 feet (610 m). [NFPA 54:5.3.2.1 – 5.3.2.2] Where the input rating is not indicated, the gas supplier, appliance manufacturer, or a qualified agency shall be contacted, or the rating from Table 1208.3.1 shall be used for estimating the volumetric flow rate of gas to be supplied.
The total connected hourly load shall be used as the basis for piping sizing, assuming all appliances are operating at full capacity simultaneously.
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216 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE
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FUEL GAS PIPING
the inlet connection of all appliances served shall be such that the supply pressure at each appliance inlet is greater than or equal to the minimum pressure required by the appliance. [NFPA 54:5.3.4]
1208.4 Maximum Operating Pressure in Buildings. The maximum operating pressure for any piping systems located inside buildings shall not exceed 5 psi (34 kPa) unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
(1) The piping joints are welded or brazed.
(2) The piping is joined by fittings listed to ANSI LC 4/CSA 6.32 and installed according to the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
(3) The piping joints are flanged and all pipe-to-flange connections are made by welding or brazing.
(4) The piping is located in a ventilated chase or otherwise enclosed for protection against accidental gas accumulation.
(5) The piping is located inside buildings or separate areas of buildings used exclusively for one of the following:
(a) Industrial processing or heating
(b) Research
(c) Warehousing
(d) Boiler or mechanical rooms
(6) The piping is a temporary installation for buildings under construction.
(7) The piping serves appliances or equipment used for agricultural purposes.
(8) The piping system is an LP-Gas piping system with an operating pressure greater than 20 psi (138 kPa) and complies with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.4.4]
1208.4.1 LP-Gas Systems Operating Below -5°F (-21°C). LP-Gas systems designed to operate below 5°F (-21°C) or with butane or a propane-butane mix shall be designed to either accommodate liquid LP-Gas or to prevent LP-Gas vapor from condensing back into a liquid. [NFPA 54:5.4.5]
1208.5 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods. Materials used for piping systems shall comply with the requirements of Section 1208.5.1 through Section 1208.5.6.3. {NFPA 54:5.5.1.1}
1208.5.1 Used Materials. Pipe, fittings, valves, or other materials shall not be used again unless they are free of foreign materials and have been ascertained to be adequate for the service intended. [NFPA 54:5.5.1.2]
CHBC § 1324.5 Medium relevance — show source text
(5) Cracks in the tube or component.
(6) Cracks in the braze filler metal.
(7) Failure of the joint to hold the test pressure under the installer-performed initial pressure test (see Section 1324.5 through Section 1324.5.1.2) and standing pressure test (see Section 1324.5.4 or Section 1324.5.5).
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.4] 1321.12.4 Defective Brazed Joints. Brazed joints that are identified as defective under the conditions of Section 1321.12.3(2) or Section 1321.12.3(5) shall be replaced. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.5]
Brazed joints that are identified as defective under the conditions of Section 1321.12.3(1), Section 1321.12.3(3), Section 1321.12.3(4), Section 1321.12.3(6) or Section 1321.12.3(7) shall be permitted to be repaired, except that no joint shall be reheated more than once before being replaced. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.4.7.6]
1322.0 Welded Joints.
1322.1 Welded Joints Procedure. Welded joints for medical gas and medical-surgical vacuum systems shall be permitted to be made using a gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) autogenous orbital procedure. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.1]
1322.1.1 Welder Qualification Procedure. The GTAW autogenous orbital procedure and the welder qualification procedure shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Welder qualification procedures shall include a bend test and a tensile test in accordance with Section IX of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code on each tube size diameter. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.2, 5.1.10.5.1.3] 1322.1.2 Welding Procedure Specification. Each welder shall qualify to a welding procedure specification (WPS) for each tube diameter. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.4] 1322.1.3 Purging of Joints. GTAW autogenous orbital welded joints shall be purged during welding with a commercially available mixture of 75 percent helium (+/- 5 percent) and 25 percent argon (+/- 5 percent).
[NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.5] 1322.1.4 Shield Gas. The shield gas shall be as required in Section 1322.1.3. [NFPA 99:5.1.10.5.1.6] 1322.1.5 Test Coupons. Test coupons shall be welded and inspected, as a minimum, at the start of work and every 4 hours thereafter, or when the machine is idle for more than 30 minutes, and at the end of the work period. Test coupons shall be inspected on the I.D. and O.D. by a qualified quality control inspector. Test coupons shall also be welded at change of operator, weld head, welding power supply, or gas source.
Frequently asked questions
May I keep historic lead or galvanized piping in place?
Yes — if the piping is existing and the enforcing agency determines it does not constitute a safety hazard, the CHBC allows archaic materials to remain. For new replacements, new materials must meet the regular code unless an alternative is accepted by the enforcing agency (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.1.2) .
Can I use exposed decorative historic fittings on a new gas line?
Potentially — new fuel‑gas piping must comply with the regular code, but the enforcing agency may accept solutions that retain historic fittings provided they do not increase the safety hazard. Document the method (e.g., cosmetic sleeves over code‑compliant joints) and obtain AHJ concurrence (§ 8-903.7.2, § 8-903.10) .
What numeric gas test pressures should I expect?
The regular code requires a minimum pressure test of 10 psi for typical gas piping and higher tests (e.g., 60 psi) for welded/high‑pressure systems; CHBC defers to those regular‑code testing rules for new or altered gas piping (CPC § 1213.3) .
If I propose nonstandard material to match historic fabric, who decides?
The enforcing agency decides whether to accept the proposed material or joint. CHBC lets the enforcing agency accept alternatives only if they do not create a safety hazard (§ 8-903.3, § 8-903.10) .
Must I follow CPC joint‑marking and manufacturer procedures?
Yes for new systems. CHBC requires new plumbing and gas work to comply with the regular code; therefore, follow CPC joint design, manufacturer procedures and listed fitting requirements for the applied materials (see CPC § 1208.5 and related sections) .
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