Los Angeles Municipal Code Art. 2 Street Improvement Ordinance of 1920

Section 6.65 Authority of Council to Act. 6.66 Specifications. 6.67 Cost – Assessments. 6.68 Work to Be Performed by City. 6.69 Ordinance of Intention. 6.70 Notice – Posting. 6.71 Protests. 6.72 Final Ordinance of Improvement. 6.73 Board of Public Works to Make Assessments. 6.74 Appeal to Council. 6.75 Payment of Assessment. 6.76 Delinquent Assessment. 6.77 Delinquent List – Publication. 6.78 Sale of Property. 6.79 Certificate of Sale. 6.80 Redemption. 6.81 Execution of Deed. 6.82 Payment to City Treasurer. 6.83 Performance of Work. 6.84 Assessment to Be Lien on Property. 6.85 Powers of Council. 6.86 Publication in Daily Newspaper. 6.87 Description of Project. 6.88 Definitions. 6.89 Construction of Article.

The Council of the City of Los Angeles, in conformity with the procedure in this ordinance prescribed is hereby authorized and empowered, whenever in its opinion the public interest or convenience may require, or the City shall have been requested so to do by a petition signed by the owners of a majority of the property fronting on the proposed improvement and to be assessed to pay the costs thereof, to order the whole or any portion or portions, either in length or width, of any one or more of any public streets, alleys, or other public places in the City improved by surfacing or resurfacing, in accordance with the specifications hereinafter set forth, or the same as they may by ordinance be hereafter amended or changed. The Council may include in one proceeding such work or improvement on any number of public streets, alleys or other public places, or any portion or portions thereof, whether contiguous or directly connected or otherwise, and may except therefrom any portion or portions thereof already improved and which may be in good condition and repair.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

All work or improvement ordered to be made under the provisions of this article shall substantially conform to the following specifications:

“Scarifying”: The street shall be either plowed or rooted up, after which the old oil surface, if any, shall be well pulverized. The

surface shall then be smoothed and rounded up with a road machine after which it shall be wet down and thoroughly rolled with a road roller, having a weight of not less than twelve tons.

“Oiling”: Upon the roadway thus prepared there shall be evenly applied asphaltic oil in the quantity and proportion of one-half

gallon to the square yard of street surface. Said asphaltic oil and its method of application shall conform to Section 29 and Section 38 of Specifications No. 122, as adopted by Ordinance No. 39,414 (New Series) adopted October 4, 1919, by the City of Los Angeles. After the oil has been applied, a layer of crushed rock screenings or decomposed granite graduated in such size that ninety (90) per cent or more by weight, shall pass a screen having circular holes five-eighths of an inch in diameter, or “run of pit” sand and gravel as it occurs in the natural deposit containing all sizes not exceeding one inch in diameter shall be evenly spread to a depth of one half an inch. After the surface has been rolled, if oil appears on the surface, rock screenings, decomposed granite or sand grated or as the case may be, shall be applied in sufficient quantity to thoroughly cover all such places.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

The cost of all work or improvement performed under this article shall be paid as follows:

The cost of all work done on street crossings or intersections and opposite terminations of street terminating in the direction to be improved, or any other portion thereof not abutting upon the frontage to be assessed, shall be paid out of the treasury of the City from such fund as the Council shall designate. The remaining cost of said improvement shall be assessed upon and paid by the lots or parcels of land fronting upon the public streets, alleys or other public places upon which such improvement is made.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

All work of improving streets to be done under the provisions of this article shall be performed by the City by the direct employment of labor and purchase of material. No contract need be entered into by the City for such work and no bonds need be furnished by the City.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

Before ordering any work done or improvement made which is authorized by this article the Council shall pass an Ordinance of Intention so to do. It shall be sufficient for said ordinance to briefly describe the work or improvement in general terms, referring to the plans, profiles and specifications therefor on file in the office of the City Engineer for further particulars, which said plans, profiles and specifications shall govern and control for all details and description. Said ordinance shall fix a day, hour and place when and where all protests against the proposed work or improvement will be heard by the Council which time shall be not less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date of the adoption of said ordinance. Said ordinance shall state that the improvement therein contemplated is to be performed under the provisions of this article.

Upon the adoption of said Ordinance of Intention the City Clerk shall cause the same to be published once in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the City and designated by the Council in said ordinance.

Upon the adoption of said Ordinance of Intention the City Engineer shall also mail postage prepaid, to each property owner whose property is to be assessed for the proposed improvement, at the property owner’s last known address as the same appears upon the tax rolls of the County of Los Angeles, or when no address so appears, to the General Delivery of the United States Post Office in the City of Los Angeles, a postal card containing a notice which shall be in substantially the following form (filling blanks):

[IMPROVEMENT HEARING NOTICE RE STREET RESURFACING]

You are hereby notified that on the ______ day of _____, , the Council of the City of Los Angeles, California, adopted Ordinance of Intention No (New Series) providing for the improvement of ______________. All protests must be filed in writing in the office of the City Clerk before the hour of ________ o'clock A.M. on the ________ day of ________, ______, and all protests so filed will be heard and considered by the City Council in the Council Chamber at said time. You are hereby referred to said ordinance for further particulars. Property belonging to you is to be assessed for this improvement.

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City Engineer.

If any lots or parcels of land to be assessed from the improvement are assessed to “unknown owners” on said tax-rolls no such postal

cards need be mailed to the owners thereof. The City Engineer shall immediately upon the completion of the mailing of said postal cards file in the City Engineer’s office an affidavit setting forth the time and manner of the City Engineer’s compliance with this provision; provided, that the failure of the City Engineer to mail said postal cards or the failure of the property owners to receive the same, shall in no wise affect the validity of the proceedings or prevent the Council from acquiring jurisdiction to order the work.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 181,595, Eff. 4-10-11.

The Board of Public Works shall after the publication of the Ordinance of Intention, cause to be conspicuously posted along all the public streets, alleys or other public places where any work is to be done or improvement made, at not more than three hundred (300) feet apart and not less than (3) in all, notices of the adoption of said ordinance. Said notices shall be headed “Notice of Local Improvement” in letters not less than one inch (1") in length, and shall, in legible characters, state the fact of the adoption of the Ordinance of Intention, its date and number, and briefly describe in general terms the proposed improvement, referring to the plans, profiles and specifications therefor on file in the office of the City Engineer for all details and description.

Said notice shall also contain a statement of the day, hour and place fixed in the Ordinance of Intention for the hearing of all protests to the proposed work or improvement, and that any and all protests thereto must be filed in writing in the office of the City Clerk prior to said time. The failure of the Board of Public Works to cause such notices to be posted shall in no wise affect the validity of the proceedings or prevent the Council from acquiring jurisdiction to order the work; provided, however, that the Council may require an affidavit to be filed showing the posting before it adopts the Final Ordinance ordering the work.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

At any time not later than the hour fixed in the Ordinance of Intention for hearing protests any person interested, objecting to the proposed work or improvement, may make written protest. Such protest must be in writing and must be filed with the City Clerk not later than said time, must contain a description of the property in which each signer thereof is interested and set forth the nature of the signer’s interest therein, and in case any signature is made by an agent, there must be attached to the protest or objection the affidavit of such agent that the agent is duly authorized to sign such protest or objection. Any protest not complying with the foregoing requirements shall not be considered by the Council. The City Clerk shall endorse on every such protest the time of its reception by the City Clerk, and at the time fixed for the hearing or at any other time to which such hearing may be adjourned, the City Clerk shall present to said Council all protests so filed by the City Clerk. Before the hearing of any protest there shall be filed with the Council, if the Council shall demand it, an affidavit of the employee of the Board of Public Works who posted said notices of local improvement, that such notices have been posted as provided by this ordinance, and the City Engineer shall present to the Council the City Engineer’s affidavit setting forth the time and manner of the City Engineer’s compliance with the provision as to the mailing of postal cards, and the Council shall thereupon cause to be entered in its minutes an order reciting the giving of notice by such posting and mailing and such order shall be prima facie evidence of the facts therein recited. The Council shall hear and consider said protests of said meeting, or at any time to which the hearing thereof may then be continued and pass upon the same, and its decision thereon shall be final and conclusive provided, however, that if the Council finds that said protests are signed by the owners of a majority of the frontage of the property fronting on the streets or parts of streets to be improved all further proceedings shall be stayed and barred for a period of not less than six (6) months from the date of the filing of such majority protests, unless the owners of a majority of such frontage shall, in the meantime, petition for such improvement to be made; except that in case such improvement is for the improvement of a portion of a street adjacent to a portion of the same street previously improved in substantially the same manner as the proposed improvement, and such proposed improvement covers a distance less than one tenth (1/10) of the portion of said street previously so improved, or is not more than two (2) blocks in length and covers a distance less than the portion of such street previously so improved, the work shall not be stayed or prevented by any such protest or objection unless the Council shall deem proper. If such protests are not signed by the owners of a majority of such frontage, and such protests are sustained, no further proceedings shall be had under said Ordinance of Intention, but a new Ordinance of Intention for the same improvement may be passed at any time. If such protests are denied, the proceedings shall continue as if such protests had not been made.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 181,595, Eff. 4-10-11.

If no written protest to the proposed work or improvement have been filed as provided in Section 6.71, at a time not later than the hour fixed in the Ordinance of Intention for the hearing thereof by the owners of a majority of the frontage of the property fronting on the streets or parts of streets to be improved, or if no protests are filed, or if written protests to the proposed work or improvement signed by the owners of less than a majority of such frontage have been filed, and have been overruled and disallowed by the Council, the Council shall be deemed to have acquired jurisdiction to order the improvement described in the Ordinance of Intention. Having acquired such jurisdiction, it shall adopt a Final Ordinance ordering such improvement to be made. The City Clerk shall cause said Final Ordinance to be published once in a daily newspaper published and circulated within the City.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

Upon the publication of such Final Ordinance ordering the improvement to be made, the Board of Public Works shall make an assessment to cover the cost of the work or improvement to be performed (including incidental expenses). Such assessment shall be made, except as provided in Section 6.67 hereof, by assessing each separate lot or parcel of land in proportion to its frontage upon the work or improvement, at a rate sufficient to cover the total expenses of the work or improvement, including incidental expenses, provided, however, that the rate of assessment against any lot or parcel of land shall not exceed three cents (3 cents) per square foot for one-half of the street surface improved in front of said lot or parcel of land. Such assessment shall briefly refer to the Ordinance of Intention for the improvement and shall show the amount of each assessment, the name of the owner of each lot or parcel of land, if known, and if unknown the word “unknown” shall be written opposite the number of the lot or description of the parcel of land and the amount assessed thereon, and there shall be attached to said assessment a diagram showing each public street, alley or other public place to be improved and the relative location of each lot or parcel of land to the improvement to be made, numbered to correspond to the numbers in the assessment. Said assessment and diagram may be designated and referred to as the report of the Board of Public Works. Said report shall, on its completion, be recorded in the office of the Board of Public Works in a substantial book to be kept for that purpose, and the Board of Public Works shall append thereto its certificate of the date of such recording and it shall thereupon become the Assessment Roll.

From the date of such recording all persons shall be deemed to have notice of the contents of such Assessment Roll. Immediately upon such recording the several assessments contained in such Assessment Roll shall be due and payable in the office of the Board of Public Works and shall become delinquent if not paid within thirty days thereafter, and shall be a lien upon the property against which made, paramount to all other liens, except liens for state, county and municipal taxes, and such liens shall only be discharged by payment of the assessment or by redemption of the land after sale for delinquency. Immediately upon such recording the Board of Public Works shall give notice by publication for five days in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the City that said assessment has been recorded in its office and that all sums assessed therein are due and payable immediately and that payment of the said sums must be made to it within thirty days from the date of the recording of such assessment, which date shall be stated in the notice. Said notice shall also contain a statement that all assessments not paid before said time shall become delinquent and a penalty of ten per cent upon the amount thereof shall be added and the property sold for the amount of the assessment.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

The owners, whether named in the assessment or not, and all other persons directly interested in any work or improvement provided for in this ordinance, or in the assessment, feeling aggrieved by any act or determination of the Board of Public Works in relation thereto, or having or making any objection to the fairness, correctness or legality of the assessment, or other act, determination or proceeding of the Board of Public Works or of the Council or other officer of the City, shall, within thirty (30) days after the date of the recording of the report, diagram and assessment of the Board of Public Works, as provided in the preceding section, appeal to the Council, as provided in this section, by briefly stating their objections in writing, and filing the same with the Clerk of said Council. Notice of the time and place of the hearing thereof, which time and place shall be fixed by the Council, briefly referring to the work or improvement and to the appeal and to the acts, determinations or proceedings objected to or complained of, shall be published for five (5) days in a daily newspaper, published and circulated in the City. Upon such appeal and hearing the Council may remedy and correct any error or informality in the proceedings and revise and correct any of the acts or determinations of the Board of Public Works relative to said work; may confirm, amend, set aside, alter, modify, change or correct the assessment in such manner as to it shall seem just, and may instruct and direct the Board of Public Works to correct its report assessment and diagram to conform to the decisions of said Council in relation thereto, at its option. All the decisions and determinations of said Council, upon notice and hearing as aforesaid, shall be final and conclusive upon all persons entitled to appeal under the provisions of this section, as to all errors, informalities and irregularities which said Council might have remedied and avoided, and no assessment shall be held invalid except upon appeal to the said Council, as provided in this section, for any error, informality or other defect in any proceedings prior to the assessment, or in the assessment itself, where the Ordinance of Intention of the Council to order the work to be done, for which the assessment is made, has been actually published as required by this ordinance before the passage of the ordinance ordering the work to be done. SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

When payment of any assessment is made, the Board of Public Works shall cause to be marked opposite such assessment the word “paid”, the date of payment and the name of the person by or for whom the same is paid, and shall give a receipt therefor.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

Upon the expiration of said period of thirty days all assessments then unpaid shall become delinquent and the Board of Public Works shall mark each such assessment “delinquent” on said Assessment Roll and add and collect ten per cent to the amount thereof.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

The Board of Public Works shall, within thirty days from the date of such delinquency begin the publication of a list of the Delinquent Assessments, which list must contain a description of each lot or parcel of land delinquent and opposite each description the name of the owner, as it appears on the Assessment Roll and the amount of the assessment and penalty due, together with the advertising cost. It shall append to and publish with such delinquent list a notice that unless each assessment delinquent, together with the penalty and costs thereof, is paid, the property upon which such assessment is a lien will be sold at public auction at a time and place fixed by the Board of Public Works and specified in the notice, and that, upon such sale, the purchaser will be given a certificate of sale to the property, and that if no redemption of the same is made within one year after the date of such sale, a deed to the property will be issued upon the application of such purchaser. Such notice must be published for five days in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the City. The time of sale must not be less than five days nor more than ten days after the last publication of such notice. At any time after such delinquency and prior to the sale of any lot or parcel of land assessed and delinquent, any interested person may pay the assessment of such lot or parcel of land, together with penalty and costs due thereon, including the costs of advertising, if such payment is made after the first publication of the notice of Delinquent Assessment.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 149,299, Eff. 2-28-77.

At the time and place fixed for the sale, the Board of Public Works must commence the sale of the property advertised, commencing at the head of the list and continuing in numerical order of lots or parcels of land until all are sold, provided that it may postpone or continue the sale from day to day until all the property is sold. Each lot or parcel of land separately assessed must be offered for sale separately and the person who will take the least quantity of such lot or parcel of land and then and there pay the amount of the assessment, penalty and costs due, including $50.00 the Board of Public Works for a certificate of sale, shall become the purchaser. At said sale the City may bid in and become the purchaser of any lot or parcel of land offered for sale. In the event that there is no purchaser for any lot or parcel of land so offered for sale the same shall be struck off the City as purchaser and the amount required for such purchase shall be paid from the General Expense Fund of the City. No charge shall be made for a certificate of sale when the City is the purchaser. The fees and costs herein shall be adjusted, if required, in order to cover the City’s administrative costs and adopted in the same manner as provided in Section 12.37 I.1. of the Los Angeles Municipal Code for establishing fees.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: No. 149,299, Eff. 2-28-77; Fee change and sentence added, Ord. No. 168,733, Eff. 5-31-93.

After making the sale, the Board of Public Works must execute in duplicate, a certificate of sale, setting forth the description of the property sold, the name of the owner thereof as given upon the Assessment Roll, that said property was sold for a Delinquent Assessment (specifying the improvement for which the same was made), the amount for which the property was sold, the date of sale, the name of the purchaser, and the time when the purchaser will be entitled to a deed. The Board of Public Works must file one copy of such certificate in its office and deliver the other to the purchaser or if the City is the purchaser, to the City Engineer who shall file the same in the City Engineer’s office. Upon the filing of a copy of such certificate in the office of the Board of Public Works the lien of the assessment shall vest in the purchaser and shall only be divested by the redemption of the property as in this ordinance provided. The Board of Public Works shall also enter on the Assessment Roll opposite the description of each lot or parcel of land offered for sale a description of the part thereof sold, the amount for which the same was sold, the date of sale, and the name of the purchaser.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 181,595, Eff. 4-10-11.

At any time before the expiration of one year after the date of sale, or at any time thereafter up to the time of the making of application for a deed by the purchaser, or the purchaser’s assignee, any lot or parcel of land sold for a Delinquent Assessment may be redeemed by any party in interest by the payment to the Board of Public Works of the amount for which the property was sold and in addition thereto a penalty of 25% of said amount. When redemption is made, the Board of Public Works shall note that fact and the date thereof on the duplicate certificate of sale on file in its office and deposit the amount paid with the City Treasurer, who shall credit the purchaser named in the certificate of sale with the said amount and pay the same to such purchaser, or the purchaser’s assignee, upon the surrender of the certificate of sale and upon satisfactory proof of assignment thereof, if any. When the City is purchaser, the Board of Public Works shall notify the City Engineer of the redemption and such City Engineer shall thereupon cancel the certificate of sale therefor on file in the City Engineer’s office.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 181,595, Eff. 4-10-11.

At any time after the expiration of one year from the date of sale, provided no redemption has been made the Board of Public Works must execute to the purchaser, or to the purchaser’s assignee, as the case may be, on the purchaser’s application, a deed to the property sold, in which shall be recited substantially the matters contained in the certificate, also any assignment thereof and the fact that no person has redeemed the property. The Board of Public Works shall receive from the applicant for a deed $16.00 for making such deed unless the City is the purchaser in which case no charge shall be made therefor. In addition, the applicant shall pay all costs of advertising incurred pursuant to Section 6.77 of this Code. Such deed shall be prima facie evidence of the truth of all matters recited therein and of the regularity of all proceedings prior to the execution thereof and of title in the grantee. The fees and costs herein shall be adjusted, if required, in order to cover the City’s administrative costs and adopted in the same manner as provided in Section 12.37 I.1. of the Los Angeles Municipal Code for establishing fees.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060. Amended by: Ord. No. 149,299, Eff. 2-17-77; Fee change and sentence added, Ord. No. 168,733, Eff. 5-31-93.

The funds collected by the Board of Public Works under the proceedings herein provided for, either upon voluntary payments or as the result of the sale of property after delinquency, shall be paid by said Board of Public Works, as fast as collected to the City Treasurer, who shall place the same in a special fund designated by the number or name of the proceeding, and payments shall be made out of said special fund only as herein provided. In order to expedite the making of any improvement in this article provided for, the Council may at any time transfer into such special fund out of any money in the general fund of said City such sums as it may deem necessary and the sums so transferred shall be deemed a loan to said special fund and shall be repaid out of the proceeds of the assessments provided for in this article.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,080.

Upon the publication of the Final Ordinance ordering the work or improvement to be done the Board of Public Works shall execute and perform the work or improvement contemplated in the Ordinance of Intention and more particularly described in the plans, profiles, and specifications on file in the office of the City Engineer and referred to therein, and shall employ the necessary labor and provide the necessary materials and supplies therefor. The costs and expense of such work shall be paid out of said special fund and in case the amount collected in said special fund shall be sufficient to carry out the proposed work or improvement the Council shall provide for the payment of each deficiency by an appropriation out of the general expense fund of the City. The City Treasurer shall pay to the Board of Public Works for the payment by it of the cost and expense of the work or improvement the moneys out of said special fund upon the written demand therefor by

the Board of Public Works setting forth a statement of said costs and expenses.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

Upon the recording in the office of the Board of Public Works of the report and assessment and diagram, as provided in Section 6.73, each assessment therein named shall from the date of such recording become a lien upon the lot or parcel of land against which it is levied, paramount to all other liens except liens for state, county and municipal taxes, and such lien shall continue and be in force until such assessment is paid, or until the property is redeemed after sale for delinquency, or until the property, is sold and a deed is made therefor to the purchaser as hereinbefore provided. From the date of such recording all persons shall be deemed to have notice of such lien upon the lot or parcel of land so assessed.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

Whenever in any proceeding hereunder the time and place for hearing by the Council is fixed and from any cause the hearing is not then and there held or regularly adjourned and continued to a time and place fixed, the power of the Council in the premises shall not thereby be divested or lost. The Council may fix a time and place for such hearing and cause notice thereof to be given by publication by at least one insertion in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the City such publication to be at least five days before the date of the hearings so fixed, and thereupon the Council shall have power to act as in the first instance.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

All ordinances, notices, resolutions, orders or other determinations required to be published by the provisions of this article shall be published in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the City of Los Angeles and designated by the Council in the Ordinance of Intention for the publication of said ordinance without further designation by the Council or any other body responsible for the publication thereof; provided, however, that when, in the opinion of the Council, it is advisable or necessary to designate a different newspaper, the Council shall by resolution designate the newspaper for the publication of such ordinances, notices, resolutions, orders or other determinations as may thereafter become necessary under the proceedings for the contemplated improvement. Proof of any publication provided for herein shall be made by affidavit of the owner, publisher or clerk of the newspaper, and such affidavit shall be filed with the City Clerk. No publication or notice other than that provided for in this article shall be necessary to give validity to any proceeding provided for herein.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

In all ordinances, notices, orders or resolutions and determinations subsequent to the Ordinance of Intention, a description of the work or improvement by reference to the Ordinance of Intention shall be sufficient, and a brief description in general terms of the work or improvement in the Ordinance of Intention, referring to plans, profiles and specifications therefor on file in the office of the City Engineer, shall be sufficient.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

1. The word “Council” as used in this article shall be understood to mean the Council of the City of Los Angeles.

2. The word “City” as used in this article shall be understood to mean the City of Los Angeles.

3. The terms “Clerk” and “City Clerk” as used in this article shall be understood to mean the Clerk of the City of Los Angeles, ex-officio Clerk of the Council of the City of Los Angeles.

4. The terms “Board” and “Board of Public Works” shall be understood to mean the Board of three commissioners managing and controlling the Department of Public Works of the City of Los Angeles.

5. The word “Street” as used in this article shall be deemed to and is hereby declared to include avenues, highways, lanes, alleys, crossings or intersections, grades, courts and places which have been dedicated and accepted according to law, or in common and undisputed used by the public for a period of not less than five years next preceding.

6. The terms “Work” and “Improvement” as used in this article shall be understood to mean all the work or improvement set forth in the Ordinance of Intention.

7. The term “Incidental Expenses” as used in this article shall include the cost of the engineering work done by the City Engineer in connection with the improvement; also the cost of printing, advertising, publication and posting as provided for in this article; also the cost of expense of making the assessment for any work authorized by this article; also the expense of collecting the assessment levied to pay the costs and expenses of any work authorized by this article.

8. The term “Opposite Termination” as used in this article shall be understood to mean one-half (½) the width of any terminating street opposite the termination of such terminating street.

   SECTION HISTORY

   Based on Ord. No. 41,060.

This article shall be liberally construed to the end that its provisions may be effected. No error, irregularity, informality, and no neglect or omission of any office of the City in any proceeding taken hereunder, which does not directly affect the jurisdiction of the Council to order the work or improvement shall avoid or invalidate such proceedings or any assessment for the cost of work done thereunder. The exclusive remedy of any person affected, or aggrieved thereby shall be by appeal to the Council as herein provided.

SECTION HISTORY

Based on Ord. No. 41,060.