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Chapter 5 — FLOORS

Section R505 — COLD-FORMED STEEL FLOOR FRAMING

2025 California Residential Code (Title 24, Part 2.5) · 2025 edition · updated 2026-07-29 · California

Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.

R505.1 Cold-formed steel floor framing.

Elements shall be straight and free of any defects that would significantly affect structural performance. Cold-formed steel floor framing members shall be in accordance with the requirements of this section.

R505.1.1 Applicability limits. The provisions of this section shall control the construction of cold-formed steel floor framing for buildings not greater than 60 feet (18 288 mm) in length perpendicular to the joist span, not greater than 40 feet (12 192 mm) in width parallel to the joist span and less than or equal to three stories above grade plane. Cold-formed steel floor framing constructed in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be limited to sites where the ultimate design wind speed is less than 140 miles per hour (63 m/s), Exposure Category B or C, and the ground snow load is less than or equal to 70 pounds per square foot (3.35 kPa).

R505.1.1.1 Alternate applications. Cold-formed steel floor framing for buildings exceeding the applicability limits of Section R505.1.1 is permitted to be designed and constructed in accordance with AISI S230, subject to the limits therein.

R505.1.2 In-line framing. Where supported by cold-formed steel-framed walls in accordance with Section R603, cold-formed steel floor framing shall be constructed with floor joists located in-line with load-bearing studs located below the joists in accordance with the tolerances specified in AISI S240, Section B1.2.3.

R505.1.3 Floor trusses. Cold-formed steel trusses shall be designed, braced and installed in accordance with AISI S230, Section D8. In the absence of specific bracing requirements, trusses shall be braced in accordance with accepted industry practices, such as the SBCA Cold-Formed Steel Building Component Safety Information (CFSBCSI), Guide to Good Practice for Handling, Installing & Bracing of Cold-Formed Steel Trusses . Truss members shall not be notched, cut or altered in any manner without an approved design.

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R505.2 Structural framing.

Load-bearing cold-formed steel floor framing members shall be in accordance with this section.

R505.2.1 Material. Load-bearing cold-formed steel framing members shall be cold formed to shape from structural quality sheet steel complying with the requirements of AISI S240, Section A3.

R505.2.2 Corrosion protection. Load-bearing cold-formed steel framing shall have a metallic coating complying with AISI S240, Section A4.

R505.2.3 Dimension, thickness and material grade. Load-bearing cold-formed steel floor framing members shall comply with AISI S230, Section A4.3 and material grade requirements as specified in AISI S230, Section A4.4.

R505.2.4 Identification. Load-bearing cold-formed steel framing members shall meet the product identification requirements of AISI S240, Section A5.5.

R505.2.5 Fastening. Screws for steel-to-steel connections shall be installed with a minimum edge distance and center-to-center spacing of [1] / 2 inch (12.7 mm), shall be self-drilling tapping, and shall conform to ASTM C1513. Floor sheathing shall be attached to cold-formed steel joists with minimum No. 8 self-drilling tapping screws that conform to ASTM C1513. Screws attaching floor sheathing to cold-formed steel joists shall have a minimum head diameter of 0.292 inch (7.4 mm) with countersunk heads and shall be installed with a minimum edge distance of [3] / 8 inch (9.5 mm). Gypsum board ceilings shall be attached to cold-formed steel joists with minimum No. 6 screws conforming to ASTM C954 or ASTM C1513 with a bugle-head style and shall be installed in accordance with Section R702. For all connections, screws shall extend through the steel not fewer than three exposed threads. Fasteners shall have a rust-inhibitive coating suitable for the installation in which they are being used, or be manufactured from material not susceptible to corrosion.

R505.2.6 Web holes, web hole reinforcing and web hole patching. Web holes in floor framing members shall comply with the conditions as prescribed in AISI S230, Section A4.5. Web holes not in compliance with the conditions as prescribed in AISI S230, Section A4.5 shall be reinforced in accordance with the provisions of AISI S230, Section A4.6 or patched in accordance with the provisions of AISI S230, Section A4.7.

R505.3 Floor construction.

Cold-formed steel floors shall be constructed in accordance with this section.

R505.3.1 Floor-to-foundation or load-bearing wall connections. Cold-formed steel-framed floors shall be anchored to foundations, wood sills or load-bearing walls in accordance with Table R505.3.1(1) and Figure R505.3.1(1), R505.3.1(2), R505.3.1(3), R505.3.1(4), R505.3.1(5) or R505.3.1(6). Anchor bolts shall be located not more than 12 inches (305 mm) from corners or the termination of bottom tracks. Continuous cold-formed steel joists supported by interior load-bearing walls shall be constructed in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(7). Lapped cold-formed steel joists shall be constructed in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(8). End floor joists constructed on foundation walls parallel to the joist span shall be doubled unless a C-shaped bearing stiffener, sized in accordance with Section R505.3.4, is installed web-to-web with the floor joist beneath each supported wall stud, as shown in Figure R505.3.1(9). Fastening of cold-formed steel joists to other framing members shall be in accordance with Section R505.2.5 and Table R505.3.1(2).

ts constructed on foundation walls parallel to the joist span shall be doubled unless a C-shaped bearing stiffener, sized in accordance with Section R505.3.4, is installed web-to-web with the floor joist beneath each supported wall stud, as shown in Figure R505.3.1(9). Fastening of cold-formed steel joists to other framing members shall be in accordance with Section R505.2.5 and Table R505.3.1(2).

TABLE R505.3.1(1)—FLOOR-TO-FOUNDATION OR BEARING WALL CONNECTION REQUIREMENTSa, b

** FRAMING CONDITION** ** BASIC ULTIMATE WIND SPEED (mph) AND EXPOSURE** ** BASIC ULTIMATE WIND SPEED (mph) AND EXPOSURE**
** FRAMING CONDITION** ** 110 mph Exposure Category C or**
less than 139 mph Exposure Category B
** Less than 139 mph Exposure Category C**
Floor joist to wall track of exterior wall in accor-
dance with Figure R505.3.1(1)
2-No. 8 screws 3-No. 8 screws
Rim track or end joist to load-bearing wall top
track in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(1)
1-No. 8 screw at 24 inches o.c. 1-No. 8 screw at 24 inches o.c.
Rim track or end joist to wood sill in accordance
with Figure R505.3.1(2)
Steel plate spaced at 4 feet o.c. with 4-No. 8
screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails
Steel plate spaced at 2 feet o.c. with 4-No. 8
screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails
Rim track or end joist to foundation in accordance
with Figure R505.3.1(3)
1/2-inch minimum diameter anchor bolt and
clip angle spaced at 6 feet o.c. with 8-No. 8
screws
1/2-inch minimum diameter anchor bolt and
clip angle spaced at 4 feet o.c. with 8-No. 8
screws
Cantilevered joist to foundation in accordance
with Figure R505.3.1(4)
1/2-inch minimum diameter anchor bolt and
clip angle spaced at 6 feet o.c. with 8-No. 8
screws
1/2-inch minimum diameter anchor bolt and
clip angle spaced at 4 feet o.c. with 8-No. 8
screws
Cantilevered joist to wood sill in accordance with
Figure R505.3.1(5)
Steel plate spaced at 4 feet o.c. with 4-No. 8
screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails
Steel plate spaced at 2 feet o.c. with 4-No. 8
screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails
Cantilevered joist to exterior load-bearing wall
track in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(6)
2-No. 8 screws 3-No. 8 screws
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. Anchor bolts are to be located not more than 12 inches from corners or the termination of bottom tracks such as at door openings or corners. Bolts extend not less than 15
inches into masonry or 7 inches into concrete. Anchor bolts connecting cold-formed steel framing to the foundation structure are to be installed so that the distance from the
center of the bolt hole to the edge of the connected member is not less than one and one-half bolt diameters.
b. All screw sizes shown are minimum.

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TABLE R505.3.1(2)—FLOOR FASTENING SCHEDULEa

** DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING ELEMENTS**
** NUMBER AND SIZE OF FASTENERS** ** SPACING OF FASTENERS**
Floor joist to track of an interior load-bearing wall in
accordance with Figures R505.3.1(7) and R505.3.1(8)
2-No. 8 screws Each joist
Floor joist to track at end of joist 2-No. 8 screws One per flange or two per bearing stiffener
Subfloor to floor joists No. 8 screws 6 in. o.c. on edges and 12 in. o.c. at intermediate
supports
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
a. All screw sizes shown are minimum.

FIGURE R505.3.1(1)—FLOOR-TO-EXTERIOR LOAD-BEARING WALL STUD CONNECTION

RIM TRACK

WEB STIFFENER

SHEATHING

TRACK

JOIST

LOAD-BEARING STUD

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

FIGURE R505.3.1(2)—FLOOR-TO-WOOD-SILL CONNECTION

SHEATHING

RIM TRACK

MIN. 33 MIL THICK

SILL SEALER AS REQUIRED

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

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FIGURE R505.3.1(3)—FLOOR-TO-FOUNDATION CONNECTION

WEB STIFFENER

RIM TRACK (MIN. 33 MIL THICK)

SILL SEALER AS REQUIRED

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

FOUNDATION

FIGURE R505.3.1(4)—CANTILEVERED FLOOR-TO-FOUNDATION CONNECTION

SHEATHING

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm.

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FIGURE R505.3.1(5)—CANTILEVERED FLOOR-TO-WOOD-SILL CONNECTION

BLOCKING EVERY OTHER JOIST

CONNECTION OF BLOCKING

NO. 8 SCREW AT EACH FLANGE (TOP AND BOTTOM)

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

FIGURE R505.3.1(6)—CANTILEVERED FLOOR TO EXTERIOR LOAD-BEARING WALL CONNECTION

BLOCKING EVERY OTHER JOIST

WEB STIFFENER

RIM TRACK (MIN. 33 MIL THICK)

NO. 8 SCREWS THROUGH FLANGE, CLIP ANGLE OR BENT STIFFENER

CONNECTION OF BLOCKING

TO JOIST THROUGH EACH

LEG OF WEB STIFFENER OR

CLIP ANGLE WITH 2 NO. 8

SHEATHING

JOIST

TOP TRACK

LOAD-BEARING STUD

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm.

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FIGURE R505.3.1(7)—CONTINUOUS SPAN JOIST SUPPORTED ON INTERIOR LOAD-BEARING WALL

CONNECTION OF BLOCKING

JOIST

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

SHEATHING

EACH FLANGE

FIGURE R505.3.1(8)—LAPPED JOISTS SUPPORTED ON INTERIOR LOAD-BEARING WALL

TRACK

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

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FIGURE R505.3.1(9)—BEARING STIFFENERS FOR END JOISTS

R505.3.2 Minimum floor joist sizes. Floor joist size and thickness shall be determined in accordance with the limits set forth in Table R505.3.2 for single or continuous spans. Where continuous joist members are used, the interior bearing supports shall be located within 2 feet (610 mm) of midspan of the cold-formed steel joists, and the individual spans shall not exceed the spans in Table R505.3.2. Floor joists shall have a bearing support length of not less than 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) for exterior wall supports and 3 [1] / 2 inches (89 mm) for interior wall supports. Tracks shall be not less than 33 mils (0.84 mm) thick except where used as part of a floor header or trimmer in accordance with Section R505.3.8. Bearing stiffeners shall be installed in accordance with Section R505.3.4.

TABLE R505.3.2—ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR COLD-FORMED STEEL JOISTS—SINGLE OR CONTINUOUS SPANSa, b, c, d, e, f

JOIST DESIGNATION 30 PSF LIVE LOAD 30 PSF LIVE LOAD 30 PSF LIVE LOAD 30 PSF LIVE LOAD 40 PSF LIVE LOAD 40 PSF LIVE LOAD 40 PSF LIVE LOAD 40 PSF LIVE LOAD
JOIST DESIGNATION Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches) Spacing (inches)
JOIST DESIGNATION 12 ** 16** 19.2 24 12 16 19.2 24
550S162-33 11′-8″ 10′-4″ 9′-5″ 8′-5″ 10′-7″ 9′-2″ 8′-5″ 7′-6″
550S162-43 12′-8″ 11′-6″ 10′-8″ 10′-5″ 11′-6″ 10′-4″ 9′-10″ 9′-3″
550S162-54 13′-7″ 12′-4″ 11′-7″ 10′-9″ 12′-4″ 11′-3″ 10′-7″ 9′-10″
550S162-68 14′-7″ 13′-3″ 12′-6″ 11′-7″ 13′-3″ 12′-0″ 11′-4″ 10′-6″
800S162-33 14′-6″ 12′-6″ 11′-5″ 10′-3″ 12′-10″ 11′-1″ 10′-2″ 9′-1″
800S162-43 17′-0″ 15′-1″ 13′-9″ 12′-4″ 15′-5″ 13′-5″ 12′-3″ 10′-11″
800S162-54 18′-3″ 16′-7″ 15′-8″ 14′-6″ 16′-7″ 15′-1″ 14′-2″ 13′-2″
800S162-68 19′-9″ 17′-11″ 16′-11″ 15′-8″ 17′-11″ 16′-3″ 15′-4″ 14′-3″
1000S162-43 19′-4″ 16′-9″ 15′-3″ 13′-8″ 17′-2″ 14′-10″ 13′-7″ 12′-2″
1000S162-54 21′-9″ 19′-9″ 18′-7″ 17′-3″ 19′-9″ 18′-0″ 16′-11″ 15′-8″
1000S162-68 23′-7″ 21′-5″ 20′-2″ 18′-9″ 21′-5″ 19′-6″ 18′-4″ 17′-0″
1200S162-54 25′-1″ 22′-10″ 21′-6″ 19′-9″ 22′-10″ 20′-9″ 19′-6″ 17′-6″
1200S162-68 27′-3″ 24′-9″ 23′-4″ 21′-8″ 24′-9″ 22′-6″ 21′-2″ 19′-8″

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa, 1 mil = 0.0254 mm.
a. Deflection criteria:L/480 for live loads,L/240 for total loads.
b. Floor dead load = 10 psf.
c. Table provides the maximum clear span in feet and inches.
d. Bearing stiffeners are to be installed at all support points and concentrated loads.
e. Minimum Grade 33 ksi steel shall be used for 33 mil and 43 mil thickness. Minimum Grade 50 ksi steel shall be used for 54 and 68 mil thickness.
f. Table R505.3.2 is not applicable for 800S162-33 and 1000S162-43 continuous joist members.

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R505.3.3 Joist bracing and blocking. Joist bracing and blocking shall be in accordance with this section.

R505.3.3.1 Joist top flange bracing. The top flanges of cold-formed steel joists shall be laterally braced by the application of floor sheathing fastened to the joists in accordance with Section R505.2.5 and Table R505.3.1(2).

R505.3.3.2 Joist bottom flange bracing/blocking. Floor joists with spans that exceed 12 feet (3658 mm) shall have the bottom flanges laterally braced in accordance with one of the following:

  1. Gypsum board installed with minimum No. 6 screws in accordance with Section R702.
  2. Continuous steel straps installed in accordance with Figure R505.3.3.2(1). Steel straps shall be spaced at not greater than 12 feet (3658 mm) on center and shall be not less than 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) in width and 33 mils (0.84 mm) in thickness. Straps shall be fastened to the bottom flange of each joist with one No. 8 screw, fastened to blocking with two No. 8 screws, and fastened at each end (of strap) with two No. 8 screws. Blocking in accordance with Figure R505.3.3.2(1) or R505.3.3.2(2) shall be installed between joists at each end of the continuous strapping and at a maximum spacing of 12 feet (3658 mm) measured along the continuous strapping (perpendicular to the joist run). Blocking shall also be located at the termination of all straps. As an alternative to blocking at the ends, anchoring the strap to a stable building component with two No. 8 screws shall be permitted.

FIGURE R505.3.3.2(1)—JOIST BLOCKING (SOLID)

JOIST

CONTINUOUS 1 / IN. X 33 1 2 NO. 8 SCREW THROUGHSTRAP TO JOIST (TYP.) MIL STEEL STRAP

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

FIGURE R505.3.3.2(2)—JOIST BLOCKING (STRAP)

For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

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R505.3.3.3 Blocking at interior bearing supports. Blocking is not required for continuous back-to-back floor joists at bearing supports. Blocking shall be installed between every other joist for single continuous floor joists across bearing supports in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(7). Blocking shall consist of C-shaped or track section with a minimum thickness of 33 mils (0.84 mm). Blocking shall be fastened to each adjacent joist through a 33-mil (0.84 mm) clip angle, bent web of blocking or flanges of web stiffeners with two No. 8 screws on each side. The minimum depth of the blocking shall be equal to the depth of the joist minus 2 inches (51 mm). The minimum length of the angle shall be equal to the depth of the joist minus 2 inches (51 mm).

ickness of 33 mils (0.84 mm). Blocking shall be fastened to each adjacent joist through a 33-mil (0.84 mm) clip angle, bent web of blocking or flanges of web stiffeners with two No. 8 screws on each side. The minimum depth of the blocking shall be equal to the depth of the joist minus 2 inches (51 mm). The minimum length of the angle shall be equal to the depth of the joist minus 2 inches (51 mm).

R505.3.3.4 Blocking at cantilevers. Blocking shall be installed between every other joist over cantilever bearing supports in accordance with Figure R505.3.1(4), R505.3.1(5) or R505.3.1(6). Blocking shall consist of C-shaped or track section with minimum thickness of 33 mils (0.84 mm). Blocking shall be fastened to each adjacent joist through bent web of blocking, 33 mil clip angle or flange of web stiffener with two No. 8 screws at each end. The depth of the blocking shall be equal to the depth of the joist. The minimum length of the angle shall be equal to the depth of the joist minus 2 inches (51 mm). Blocking shall be fastened through the floor sheathing and to the support with three No. 8 screws (top and bottom).

R505.3.4 Bearing stiffeners. Bearing stiffeners shall be installed at each joist bearing location in accordance with this section, except for joists lapped over an interior support not carrying a load-bearing wall above. Floor joists supporting jamb studs with multiple members shall have two bearing stiffeners in accordance with Figure R505.3.4(1). Bearing stiffeners shall be fabricated from a C-shaped, track or clip angle member in accordance with one of the following:

  1. C-shaped bearing stiffeners: 1.1. Where the joist is not carrying a load-bearing wall above, the bearing stiffener shall be a minimum 33 mil (0.84 mm) thickness. 1.2. Where the joist is carrying a load-bearing wall above, the bearing stiffener shall be not less than the same designation thickness as the wall stud above.

  2. Track bearing stiffeners:

mm) thickness.

The minimum length of a bearing stiffener shall be the depth of member being stiffened minus [3] / 8 inch (9.5 mm). Each bearing

SUBFLOOR

INSIDE JOIST

BEARING STIFFENER

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FIGURE R505.3.4(2)—BEARING STIFFENER

C-SECTION/TRACK CLIP ANGLE

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

R505.3.5 Cutting and notching. Flanges and lips of load-bearing cold-formed steel floor framing members shall not be cut or notched.

R505.3.6 Floor cantilevers. Floor cantilevers for the top floor of a two- or three-story building or the first floor of a one-story building shall not exceed 24 inches (610 mm). Cantilevers, not exceeding 24 inches (610 mm) and supporting two stories and roof (first floor of a two-story building), shall be permitted provided that all cantilevered joists are doubled (nested or back-to-back). The doubled cantilevered joists shall extend not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) toward the inside and shall be fastened with not less than two No. 8 screws spaced at 24 inches (610 mm) on center through the webs (for back-to-back) or flanges (for nested joists).

nd roof (first floor of a two-story building), shall be permitted provided that all cantilevered joists are doubled (nested or back-to-back). The doubled cantilevered joists shall extend not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) toward the inside and shall be fastened with not less than two No. 8 screws spaced at 24 inches (610 mm) on center through the webs (for back-to-back) or flanges (for nested joists).

R505.3.7 Splicing. Joists and other structural members shall not be spliced without an approved design. Splicing of tracks shall conform to Figure R505.3.7.

FIGURE R505.3.7—TRACK SPLICE

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

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R505.3.8 Framing of floor openings. Openings in floors shall be framed with header and trimmer joists. Header joist spans shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) or 8 feet (2438 mm) in length in accordance with Figure R505.3.8(1) or R505.3.8(2), respectively. Header and trimmer joists shall be fabricated from joist and track members, having a minimum size and thickness at least equivalent to the adjacent floor joists, and shall be installed in accordance with Figures R505.3.8(1), R505.3.8(2), R505.3.8(3) and R505.3.8(4). Each header joist shall be connected to trimmer joists with four 2-inch by 2-inch (51-mm by 51-mm) clip angles. Each clip angle shall be fastened to both the header and trimmer joists with four No. 8 screws, evenly spaced, through each leg of the clip angle. The clip angles shall have a thickness not less than that of the floor joist. Each track section for a built-up header or trimmer joist shall extend the full length of the joist (continuous).

FIGURE R505.3.8(1)—COLD-FORMED STEEL FLOOR CONSTRUCTION—6-FOOT FLOOR OPENING

JOIST

CLIP ANGLE

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

JOIST

FIGURE R505.3.8(2)—COLD-FORMED STEEL FLOOR CONSTRUCTION—8-FOOT FLOOR OPENING

JOIST

CLIP ANGLE

JOIST

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WITH 4 NO. 8 SCREWS THROUGH EACH LEG, BOTH SIDES OF CONNECTION

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

MINIMUM 2 IN. × 2 IN. CLIP ANGLE

WITH 4 NO. 8 SCREWS THROUGH EACH LEG, BOTH SIDES OF CONNECTION

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

(TYP.)

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Contents — 2025 California Residential Code (Title 24, Part 2.5)
2025 California Residential Code (Title 24, Part 2.5)
  1. Chapter 1 — ADMINISTRATION
  2. Chapter 2 — DEFINITIONS
  3. Chapter 3 — BUILDING PLANNING
  4. Chapter 4 — FOUNDATIONS
  5. Chapter 5 — FLOORS
  6. Chapter 6 — WALL CONSTRUCTION
  7. Chapter 7 — WALL COVERING
  8. Chapter 8 — ROOF-CEILING CONSTRUCTION
  9. Chapter 9 — ROOF ASSEMBLIES
  10. Chapter 10 — CHIMNEYS AND FIREPLACES
  11. Chapter 44 — REFERENCED STANDARDS
  12. Appendix AA — BOARD OF APPEALS
  13. Appendix AB — PERMIT FEES
  14. Appendix AC — RESERVED
  15. Appendix BA — RESERVED
  16. Appendix BB — TINY HOUSES
  17. Appendix BC — RESERVED
  18. Appendix BD — RESERVED
  19. Appendix BE — RADON CONTROL METHODS
  20. Appendix BF — PATIO COVERS
  21. Appendix BG — SOUND TRANSMISSION
  22. Appendix BH — AUTOMATIC VEHICULAR GATES
  23. Appendix BI — LIGHT STRAW-CLAY CONSTRUCTION
  24. Appendix BJ — STRAWBALE CONSTRUCTION
  25. Appendix BK — COB CONSTRUCTION (MONOLITHIC ADOBE)
  26. Appendix BL — HEMP-LIME (HEMPCRETE) CONSTRUCTION
  27. Appendix BM — 3D-PRINTED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
  28. Appendix BN — EXTENDED PLATE WALL CONSTRUCTION
  29. Appendix BO — EXISTING BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
  30. Appendix CA — RESERVED
  31. Appendix CB — RESERVED
  32. Appendix CC — RESERVED
  33. Appendix CD — RESERVED
  34. Appendix CE — RESERVED
  35. Appendix CF — RESERVED
  36. Appendix CG — NONSEWERED SANITATION SYSTEMS
  37. Appendix CH — PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL
  38. Appendix CI — SWIMMING POOL SAFETY ACT
  39. Appendix CJ — EMERGENCY HOUSING
  40. Appendix CK — AREAS PROTECTED BY THE FACILITIES OF THE CENTRAL…

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