Appendix B — FIRE-FLOW REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDINGS
B105 Fire-Flow Requirements for Buildings — 2025 California Fire Code
California Fire Code (Title 24, Part 9) · 2025 edition · updated 2026-09-25 · California
CBSC: official editions, supplements and errata
Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.
Cite as: 2025 California Fire Code (Title 24, Part 9) § B105 · Effective January 1, 2026 · Official source: Building Standards Commission
B105.1 One- and two-family dwellings, Group R-3 and R-4 buildings and townhouses.¶
The minimum fire-flow and flow duration requirements for one- and two-family dwellings, Group R-3 and R-4 buildings and townhouses shall be as specified in Tables B105.1(1) and B105.1(2).
APPENDIX B—FIRE-FLOW REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDINGS
TABLE B105.1(1)—REQUIRED FIRE FLOW FOR ONE- AND
TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS, GROUP R-3 AND R-4 BUILDINGS AND TOWNHOUSES
| FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) |
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM (Design Standard) |
MINIMUM FIRE FLOW (gallons per minute) |
FLOW DURATION (hours) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0–3,600 | No automatic sprinkler system | 1,000 | 1 |
| 3,601 and greater | No automatic sprinkler system | Value in Table B105.1(2) | Duration in Table B105.1(2) at the required fire-flow rate |
| 0–3,600 | Section 903.3.1.3 of the_California Fire Code_ or Section P2904 of the_California Residential Code_ |
500 | 1/2 |
| 3,601 and greater | Section 903.3.1.3 of the_California Fire Code_ or Section P2904 of the_California Residential Code_ |
1/2 value in Table B105.1(2) | 1 |
| For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/ |
TABLE B105.1(2)—REFERENCE TABLE FOR TABLES B105.1(1) AND B105.2
| FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) | FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) | FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) | FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) | FIRE-FLOW CALCULATION AREA (square feet) | FIRE FLOW (gallons per minute)b |
FLOW DURATION (hours) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types IA and IBa | Types IIA and IIIAa | Types IV and V-Aa | Types IIB and IIIBa | Type V-Ba | Type V-Ba | Type V-Ba |
| 0–22,700 | 0–12,700 | 0–8,200 | 0–5,900 | 0–3,600 | 1,500 | 2 |
| 22,701–30,200 | 12,701–17,000 | 8,201–10,900 | 5,901–7,900 | 3,601–4,800 | 1,750 | 1,750 |
| 30,201–38,700 | 17,001–21,800 | 10,901–12,900 | 7,901–9,800 | 4,801–6,200 | 2,000 | 2,000 |
| 38,701–48,300 | 21,801–24,200 | 12,901–17,400 | 9,801–12,600 | 6,201–7,700 | 2,250 | 2,250 |
| 48,301–59,000 | 24,201–33,200 | 17,401–21,300 | 12,601–15,400 | 7,701–9,400 | 2,500 | 2,500 |
| 59,001–70,900 | 33,201–39,700 | 21,301–25,500 | 15,401–18,400 | 9,401–11,300 | 2,750 | 2,750 |
| 70,901–83,700 | 39,701–47,100 | 25,501–30,100 | 18,401–21,800 | 11,301–13,400 | 3,000 | 3 |
| 83,701–97,700 | 47,101–54,900 | 30,101–35,200 | 21,801–25,900 | 13,401–15,600 | 3,250 | 3,250 |
| 97,701–112,700 | 54,901–63,400 | 35,201–40,600 | 25,901–29,300 | 15,601–18,000 | 3,500 | 3,500 |
| 112,701–128,700 | 63,401–72,400 | 40,601–46,400 | 29,301–33,500 | 18,001–20,600 | 3,750 | 3,750 |
| 128,701–145,900 | 72,401–82,100 | 46,401–52,500 | 33,501–37,900 | 20,601–23,300 | 4,000 | 4 |
| 145,901–164,200 | 82,101–92,400 | 52,501–59,100 | 37,901–42,700 | 23,301–26,300 | 4,250 | 4,250 |
| 164,201–183,400 | 92,401–103,100 | 59,101–66,000 | 42,701–47,700 | 26,301–29,300 | 4,500 | 4,500 |
| 183,401–203,700 | 103,101–114,600 | 66,001–73,300 | 47,701–53,000 | 29,301–32,600 | 4,750 | 4,750 |
| 203,701–225,200 | 114,601–126,700 | 73,301–81,100 | 53,001–58,600 | 32,601–36,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 |
| 225,201–247,700 | 126,701–139,400 | 81,101–89,200 | 58,601–65,400 | 36,001–39,600 | 5,250 | 5,250 |
| 247,701–271,200 | 139,401–152,600 | 89,201–97,700 | 65,401–70,600 | 39,601–43,400 | 5,500 | 5,500 |
| 271,201–295,900 | 152,601–166,500 | 97,701–106,500 | 70,601–77,000 | 43,401–47,400 | 5,750 | 5,750 |
| 295,901–Greater | 166,501–Greater | 106,501–115,800 | 77,001–83,700 | 47,401–51,500 | 6,000 | 6,000 |
| — | — | 115,801–125,500 | 83,701–90,600 | 51,501–55,700 | 6,250 | 6,250 |
| — | — | 125,501–135,500 | 90,601–97,900 | 55,701–60,200 | 6,500 | 6,500 |
| — | — | 135,501–145,800 | 97,901–106,800 | 60,201–64,800 | 6,750 | 6,750 |
| — | — | 145,801–156,700 | 106,801–113,200 | 64,801–69,600 | 7,000 | 7,000 |
| — | — | 156,701–167,900 | 113,201–121,300 | 69,601–74,600 | 7,250 | 7,250 |
| — | — | 167,901–179,400 | 121,301–129,600 | 74,601–79,800 | 7,500 | 7,500 |
| — | — | 179,401–191,400 | 129,601–138,300 | 79,801–85,100 | 7,750 | 7,750 |
| — | — | 191,401–Greater | 138,301–Greater | 85,101–Greater | 8,000 | 8,000 |
| For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/ a. Types of construction are based on the_California Building Code_. b. Measured at 20 psi residual pressure. |
APPENDIX B-4 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE
APPENDIX B—FIRE-FLOW REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDINGS
B105.2 Buildings other than one- and two-family dwellings, Group R-3 and R-4 buildings and townhouses.¶
The minimum fireflow and flow duration for buildings other than one- and two-family dwellings, Group R-3 and R-4 buildings and townhouses shall be as specified in Tables B105.1(2) and B105.2.
Exception: [SFM] Group B, S-2 and U occupancies having a floor area not exceeding 1,000 square feet, primarily constructed of noncombustible exterior walls with wood or steel roof framing, having a Class A roof assembly, with uses limited to the following or similar uses:
1. California State Parks buildings of an accessory nature (restrooms). 2. Safety roadside rest areas, (SRRA), public restrooms. 3. Truck inspection facilities, (TIF), CHP office space and vehicle inspection bays. 4. Sand/salt storage buildings, storage of sand and salt.
TABLE B105.2—REQUIRED FIRE FLOW FOR BUILDINGS OTHER THAN
ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS, GROUP R-3 AND R-4 BUILDINGS AND TOWNHOUSES
| AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM (Design Standard) |
MINIMUM FIRE FLOW (gallons per minute) |
FLOW DURATION (hours) |
|---|---|---|
| No automatic sprinkler system | Value in Table B105.1(2) | Duration in Table B105.1(2) |
| Section 903.3.1.1 of the_California Fire Code_ | 25% of the value in Table B105.1(2)a | Duration in Table B105.1(2) at the reduced flow rate |
| Section 903.3.1.2 of the_California Fire Code_ | 25% of the value in Table B105.1(2)b | Duration in Table B105.1(2) at the reduced flow rate |
| For SI: 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/ a. The reduced fire flow shall be not less than 1,000 gallons per minute. b. The reduced fire flow shall be not less than 1,500 gallons per minute. |
B105.3 Water supply for buildings equipped with an automatic sprinkler system.¶
For buildings equipped with an approved automatic sprinkler system, the water supply shall be capable of providing the greater of:
- The automatic sprinkler system demand, including hose stream allowance.
- The required fire flow.
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