CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code
Secure attachment test and manual-operation force limits
Homeowner summary: The code requires security-bar release systems to stay securely closed under a 50‑pound exterior push and to open with relatively low, repeatable forces depending on whether you push with a finger, hand, or foot; the standard specifies exactly how many samples and test attempts, where and how forces must be applied, and the numerical pass/fail limits.
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2–4 sentences
The releasing assembly for security bars must pass a secure attachment push test and separately meet manual-actuation force limits for the way the actuator is intended to be used. The secure-attachment test requires that a closed assembly resist a 50-pound force applied from the exterior without opening, loosening, or damage (§ 12-3-6.2 ). Manual-actuation forces are measured with a force gauge and limited by actuator type (finger, hand, foot) for average and single-attempt maxima (§ 12-3-8.2 ).
The single most important rule: the assembly must stay fixed under the specified external push (secure attachment) and must unlatch with low, repeatable forces consistent with the actuator type (manual actuation limits).
Key defined terms (first mention)
- Secure attachment test — the closed-position push/hold test described in § 12-3-6.2 .
- Manual-actuation test — the force-measurement sequence using a force gauge described in § 12-3-8.2 .
- Finger-actuated, hand-actuated, foot-actuated — actuator classifications and examples are defined in § 12-3-4.5 .
Requirements in detail
Which samples and sequence
- Two samples of the system are tested through the test sequence specified for secure attachment, operation, and manual actuation (§ 12-3-6.1 ).
- The Manual Actuation Test is performed after the Operation Test and prior conditioning as required by the standard (§ 12-3-8.1 ).
Secure attachment test (what, how, pass/fail)
- The closed system must resist a 50-pound force without opening, loosening in the test fixture, or damaging the releasing assembly (§ 12-3-6.2 ).
- Force application details:
- Applied on the exterior side at the location most likely to move or damage the system. Applied perpendicular to the opening. Held for 1 minute after being gradually applied.
- A 3/8‑inch (10 mm) diameter rope looped through the security bars or a similar arrangement is used to apply the force (§ 12-3-6.2 ).
Manual actuation test (measurement method)
- Use a force gauge with appropriate attachments (hooks, loops, probes) and apply the force in the orientation anticipated by the design; the gauge must measure the maximum force applied per attempt (§ 12-3-8.2 ).
- The force application may range from a slow gradual pull to a faster application of not less than 1 second in duration; apply where most likely to unlatch the actuator (§ 12-3-8.2 ).
- Testing protocol: Operate each sample five times (after the Operation Test) and record the forces; compare averages and individual-attempt maxima to the limits in § 12-3-8.2 and following subsections (§ 12-3-8.1, § 12-3-8.2 ).
Quantitative force limits — quick reference table
| Decision dimension | Required limit (code text) | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Secure-attachment push force | 50-pound force resisted (no opening, loosening, or damage); rope: 3/8‑inch (10 mm); held 1 minute | § 12-3-6.2 |
| Force gauge application method | Gauge & attachments appropriate to orientation; application duration ≥ 1 second allowed (range slow→faster) | § 12-3-8.2 |
| Finger-actuated — average (5 attempts) | Average ≤ 5 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.1 |
| Finger-actuated — single attempt max | Any attempt ≤ 10 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.1 |
| Hand-actuated — average (5 attempts) | Average ≤ 5 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.2 |
| Hand-actuated — single attempt max | Any attempt ≤ 10 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.2 |
| Foot-actuated — average (5 attempts) | Average ≤ 15 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.3 |
| Foot-actuated — single attempt max | Any attempt ≤ 30 pounds | § 12-3-8.2.3 |
| Alternate for “kick” foot-actuated | Pendulum impact: 25‑lb weight on 4‑ft pendulum swinging from 10 in horizontal distance | § 12-3-8.3 |
| Post-unlatch motions | Max force to set bars in motion ≤ 30 pounds; max force to open to minimum required width ≤ 15 pounds | § 12-3-8.4 |
(Note: the numeric parenthetical N values shown in the CRSC text are those printed in the standard; see the cited § passages for the exact wording.)
Exceptions & special cases
- Foot-actuated systems intended to be operated by a kick can comply by surviving the pendulum impact test (25‑lb weight on a 4‑ft pendulum from 10 in) instead of the force-gauge limits in § 12-3-8.2 (§ 12-3-8.3 ).
- Springs that are intended to move security bars are removed or disabled prior to the Operation Test (relevant because Operation Test precedes Manual Actuation) — follow § 12-3-7.2 when preparing samples (§ 12-3-7.2 ).
- Samples must be prepared and installed per the manufacturer’s instructions and may be tested both with and without lubricants where indicated (§ 12-3-5.3.1 – 12-3-5.3.3 ).
Common mistakes
- Applying force in the wrong orientation or at a location that is not “most likely” to cause opening — the code requires applying force where the assembly is most vulnerable (§ 12-3-6.2, § 12-3-8.2 ).
- Using an uncalibrated or inappropriate force gauge or attachments — the gauge must be capable of measuring the maximum force applied (§ 12-3-8.2 ).
- Forgetting to disable springs per § 12-3-7.2 before Operation Test (which precedes Manual Actuation) — this can change measured forces and invalidate results (§ 12-3-7.2 ).
- Not testing the worst-case assembly (heaviest bars, largest torque, most friction) as required when selecting samples for test (§ 12-3-5.1.2 ).
- Neglecting to follow environmental conditioning or abuse tests before repeating Manual Actuation where required by subsequent sections (see § 12-3-10, § 12-3-11 for conditioning and abuse sequences) .
Worked example — concrete scenario with numbers
Scenario: A manufacturer submits a hand-actuated releasing assembly. Two samples are installed per the instructions and go through the sequence: Secure Attachment → Operation Test → Manual Actuation.
Secure-attachment test (per § 12-3-6.2): A 3/8‑inch rope is looped through the bars and a gradually applied 50‑pound outward force is applied perpendicular to the opening and held for 1 minute. Result: no opening, no loosening, no damage → PASS (§ 12-3-6.2 ).
Operation Test: The actuator unlatches immediately during 10 operated attempts (reset checked between attempts) as required by § 12-3-7.1 (operation specifics and preconditioning applied) .
Manual Actuation (five attempts per sample, force gauge oriented as the design intends per § 12-3-8.2):
- Measured forces (lbs) over five attempts: 4.0, 5.0, 5.5, 4.5, 4.0 → average = (4.0+5.0+5.5+4.5+4.0)/5 = 4.6 lbs.
- Code limits for hand-actuated: average ≤ 5 lbs, any attempt ≤ 10 lbs (§ 12-3-8.2.2). Result: average 4.6 ≤ 5 and max 5.5 ≤ 10 → PASS .
Post-unlatch forces (per § 12-3-8.4): verify the force to set bars in motion is ≤ 30 lbs and to open to minimum required width is ≤ 15 lbs. If measured 10 lbs and 8 lbs respectively → PASS (§ 12-3-8.4 ).
If any of the above exceed the cited limits, the sample fails and the manufacturer must revise design/methods and retest.
Related provisions (CRSC sections)
- § 12-3-4.5 — Definitions and classification of finger-, hand-, foot-actuated mechanisms and actuator motion requirements .
- § 12-3-5 (sample prep & test fixture) — Sample selection, mounting, lubricants, and fixture requirements that affect testing .
- § 12-3-7 — Operation Test sequence that immediately precedes Manual Actuation and includes spring disabling rules (§ 12-3-7.2) .
- § 12-3-9 — Endurance Test (250 cycles) that must be met and then followed by Operation Test .
- § 12-3-10 — Environmental Exposure Test (conditioning and subsequent Manual Actuation) .
- § 12-3-11 — Abuse Test (impacts) and requirement to still meet Manual Actuation limits after abuse .
- Marking & instructions: § 12-3-12 — required markings and diagrams on actuators and assemblies .
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-5.3.2 When multiple tests are required on an assembly, they are allowed to be performed on the same test fixture, provided that new hole or openings are used for mounting. Portions of the test fixture shall be allowed to be replaced to accommodate new mounting holes or brackets.
12-3-5.3.3 Samples that include grease, graphite, silicon or other lubricants shall also be tested with the lubricant removed or not applied.
12-3-5.3.4 When assembled in accordance with the installation instructions the system shall be securely held in place in the test fixture and shall operate consistently in the intended fashion.
SECTION 12-3-6—SECURE ATTACHMENT TEST
12-3-6.1 Two samples of the system shall be subjected to the following test sequence.
12-3-6.2 The system, when in the closed position, shall resist 50-pound (22 N) force without opening, loosening in the test fixture or damaging the releasing assembly. The force shall be applied on the exterior side of the test fixture in a location that is most likely to move or damage the system. The force shall be gradually applied perpendicular to the opening and held for a period of 1 minute. A 3 / 8 -inch (10 mm) diameter rope looped through the security bars, or similar arrangement, shall be used to apply the force.
SECTION 12-3-7—OPERATION TEST
12-3-7.1 Following the Secure Attachment Test, each of the two samples of the system shall unlatch immediately without intentional delay during each of 10 attempts to operate the system, and the security bars shall be fully opened to create the opening specified in Section 12-3-3.10. During each attempt, the actuating mechanism shall be operated as intended, using a finger, hand or foot movement as described in the operating instructions provided to unlatch the security bars. The security bars shall then be opened to the full open position, and the system shall then be reset to the closed position. An examination shall be performed to verify that the security bars are completely reset prior to the next attempt.
12-3-7.2 Springs provided in the latch or on the security bars that are intended to move the security bars from the latched position shall be removed or disabled prior to the test.
12-3-7.3 Prior to the test, the assembly shall be operated and reset a number of times to acquaint the operator with the system and its opening and reselling operation. On some systems, it may be necessary to slam, tap or otherwise carefully align the security bars in the latch to successfully reset the system into the closed position.
12-3-7.4 In the event that the actuating mechanism or assembly does not operate as intended during each of the 10 attempts, the test assembly, mounting method, actuating motion and system resetting procedure shall be reviewed to determine a potential cause of failure. After correcting any identified problems, the set of 10 operations shall be repeated with no unsuccessful attempts.
SECTION 12-3-8—MANUAL ACTUATION TEST
12-3-8.1 Following the Operation Test, each of the two sample assemblies shall be operated five times, and the forces required to unlatch the system shall be measured and recorded. These forces shall not exceed the values indicated in Sections 12-3-8.2 through 12-3-8.4.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-7.2 Springs provided in the latch or on the security bars that are intended to move the security bars from the latched position shall be removed or disabled prior to the test.
12-3-7.3 Prior to the test, the assembly shall be operated and reset a number of times to acquaint the operator with the system and its opening and reselling operation. On some systems, it may be necessary to slam, tap or otherwise carefully align the security bars in the latch to successfully reset the system into the closed position.
12-3-7.4 In the event that the actuating mechanism or assembly does not operate as intended during each of the 10 attempts, the test assembly, mounting method, actuating motion and system resetting procedure shall be reviewed to determine a potential cause of failure. After correcting any identified problems, the set of 10 operations shall be repeated with no unsuccessful attempts.
SECTION 12-3-8—MANUAL ACTUATION TEST
12-3-8.1 Following the Operation Test, each of the two sample assemblies shall be operated five times, and the forces required to unlatch the system shall be measured and recorded. These forces shall not exceed the values indicated in Sections 12-3-8.2 through 12-3-8.4.
12-3-8.2 A force gauge shall be used to apply the actuating force. The force shall be applied in the orientation anticipated by the design, using an appropriate force gauge and attachments, such as hooks, loops or probes. The gauge shall be capable of measuring the maximum force applied on each attempt. The force shall be applied in a location and fashion that is most likely to unlatch the actuator, and shall be allowed to range from a slow gradual application of force to a faster application of force of not less than 1 second in duration.
12-3-8.2.1 The average force required to unlatch finger-actuated systems shall not exceed 5 pounds (22 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 10 pounds (44 N).
12-3-8.2.2 The average force required to unlatch hand-actuated systems shall not exceed 5 pounds (22 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 10 pounds (44 N).
12-3-8.2.3 The average force required to unlatch foot-actuated systems shall not exceed 15 pounds (66 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 30 pounds (132 N).
12-3-8.3 In lieu of complying with Section 12-3-8.2, foot-actuated systems designed to be operated by a kick shall successfully unlatch and disengage the latching mechanism each of five times when subjected to the following impact. The impact shall be applied by swinging a 25-pound (11.4 kg) weight on a 4-foot (1.2 m) pendulum from 10 inches (254 mm) away, measured horizontally. The point of impact on the foot actuator shall be at the bottom of the pendulum swing.
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RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-5.2.4 The exterior side of the assembly shall be covered by [3] / 4 -inch (19 mm) thick trade size CDX plywood, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 2 -inch (38 mm) nails or screws, secured at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header. The interior side of the assembly shall be covered with a layer of [1] / 2 -inch (13 mm) gypsum wallboard, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 4 -inch (32 mm) nails or screws at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header.
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RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
12-3-5.2.5 Openings in the test fixture shall be sized to accommodate the size of the assembly under test, as described in the installation instructions. Opening size shall be allowed to vary if the size used is judged to not affect the results of any test performed.
12-3-5.3 Sample assembly.
12-3-5.3.1 Samples of the releasing system shall arrive at the test site in the packaging anticipated for distribution and sale, and accompanied by the installation instructions. The samples are to be installed on the test fixture by a representative of the certification organization, using common hand and power tools as recommended by the instruction manual. Any specialty tools required for assembly shall be so identified in the instructions.
12-3-5.3.2 When multiple tests are required on an assembly, they are allowed to be performed on the same test fixture, provided that new hole or openings are used for mounting. Portions of the test fixture shall be allowed to be replaced to accommodate new mounting holes or brackets.
12-3-5.3.3 Samples that include grease, graphite, silicon or other lubricants shall also be tested with the lubricant removed or not applied.
12-3-5.3.4 When assembled in accordance with the installation instructions the system shall be securely held in place in the test fixture and shall operate consistently in the intended fashion.
SECTION 12-3-6—SECURE ATTACHMENT TEST
12-3-6.1 Two samples of the system shall be subjected to the following test sequence.
12-3-6.2 The system, when in the closed position, shall resist 50-pound (22 N) force without opening, loosening in the test fixture or damaging the releasing assembly. The force shall be applied on the exterior side of the test fixture in a location that is most likely to move or damage the system. The force shall be gradually applied perpendicular to the opening and held for a period of 1 minute. A 3 / 8 -inch (10 mm) diameter rope looped through the security bars, or similar arrangement, shall be used to apply the force.
SECTION 12-3-7—OPERATION TEST
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-8.2.1 The average force required to unlatch finger-actuated systems shall not exceed 5 pounds (22 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 10 pounds (44 N).
12-3-8.2.2 The average force required to unlatch hand-actuated systems shall not exceed 5 pounds (22 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 10 pounds (44 N).
12-3-8.2.3 The average force required to unlatch foot-actuated systems shall not exceed 15 pounds (66 N) over the five attempts. The force required to unlatch the system during any of the attempts shall not exceed 30 pounds (132 N).
12-3-8.3 In lieu of complying with Section 12-3-8.2, foot-actuated systems designed to be operated by a kick shall successfully unlatch and disengage the latching mechanism each of five times when subjected to the following impact. The impact shall be applied by swinging a 25-pound (11.4 kg) weight on a 4-foot (1.2 m) pendulum from 10 inches (254 mm) away, measured horizontally. The point of impact on the foot actuator shall be at the bottom of the pendulum swing.
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RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
12-3-8.4 Once the system is unlatched, a maximum force required to set the security bars in motion shall not exceed 30 pounds (132 N), and the maximum force required to open the security bars to the minimum required width shall not exceed 15 pounds (66 N).
SECTION 12-3-9—ENDURANCE TEST
12-3-9.1 A sample of the security bar releasing system shall function as intended during 250 cycles of operation without failure or excessive wear of the parts, including serving or fraying of individual cable wires. Following the cycling, the system shall be subjected to the Operation Test.
12-3-9.2 The system shall be operated and reset as described in the manufacturer's operating instructions. As part of the cycling, it is only necessary to unlatch, disengage and reset the system, and not open the security bars to the full open position. The cycling rate shall not exceed 30 cycles per minute.
SECTION 12-3-10—ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TEST
12-3-10.1 After each of the following exposures, test assemblies shall be subjected to the Manual Actuation Test. The test shall be performed while the test assemblies are in the test chambers, or immediately after their removal from the test chamber. Opening forces after these conditionings shall not exceed the values shown in Section 12-3-8.2 or 12-3-8.3. A single sample shall be subjected to each exposure. The same sample, or different sample, shall be allowed to be used for each exposure condition.
12-3-10.2 Elevated ambient. Samples shall be conditioned in a 120°F (49°C) environment for 24 hours.
12-3-10.3 Low ambient. Samples shall be conditioned in a 32°F (0°C) environment for 24 hours.
CRSC § 9.3 Medium relevance — show source text
Ventilators having plastic covers shall not exceed 100 square feet (9.3 m [2] ) in area.
(k) Fail-safe design. The ventilator cover, lid, sidelight or shutter shall be designed to fail safe in the event of fire and shall not fall back over the opening. It shall require a manual operation to reclose the cover, lid, sidelight or shutter.
(l) Opening counterforce.
- Gravity-type ventilators shall have securely attached weights to provide a continuous excess counterweight of not less than 30 pounds throughout the opening arc of the lid or sidelight.
- Devices used to open ventilators shall be designed to exert a continuous opening force, at all times normal to the lid of not less than 30 pounds. When springs are used they shall not be stressed to more than 50 percent of their capacity when the lid is in a closed position.
- Louvered-type shutters intended for installation in gables shall be of the gravity type. The excess counter-weight shall be not less than 2 pounds per square foot of gross shutter area.
(m) Automatic heat or smoke detectors shall be placed in the underside of the ventilator at or above the roof line.
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STAGE AND PLATFORMS
(n) Test procedure.
Ventilators and shutters shall be mounted for the tests in a manner simulating their intended use. The lid, cover or sidelight shall be held in a closed position by a fusible link, or an automatic heat or smoke actuated detector or combination thereof, and the fusible link or detector controls.
The opening counterforce shall be measured at the geometric center of the lid, cover or sidelight. The automatic detector shall be released and measurements of the counterforce taken at various points throughout the opening arc but at not less than at 30 inches (762 mm) and at 60 inches (1524 mm) from the plane of the lid when in a closed position, and at a point past 90 inches (2286 mm) from the horizontal.
The opening force of gable-type shutter ventilators shall be measured from the top of the operating bar.
(o) Test report. The test report shall include but is not limited to the following:
A detailed description of the unit and its intended operation.
Engineering data and shop drawings. Shop drawings shall bear the seal or stamp of a registered or licensed engineer or architect attesting to the structural integrity of the ventilator as it relates to the provisions of Section 12-4-100 (f).
Photographs [4 inches by 5 inches (101 mm by 127 mm) or larger] of the unit with markings identifying component parts of the unit.
Description and results of the tests performed.
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12-7-1 FIRE-RESISTIVE STANDARDS
FIRE TESTS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
STANDARD 12-7-1
STATE FIRE MARSHAL
SCOPE
Sec. 12-7-100.
CRSC § 12-10 Medium relevance — show source text
Note: Mechanisms involving dead-locking bolts may require modification in the test procedure in order to simulate the intended in-service condition. Modifications in the test procedure shall be filed for evaluation and approval before proceeding with the test.
(d) Releasing pressure. The motor-driven mechanism shall be arranged to apply not to exceed 15 pounds pressure against the cross-bar to release the door latch(es) or dead-locking bolts before the door is pushed open.
(e) Cycle test. The release mechanism and latches or dead-locking bolts shall function as intended for 100,000 cycles of operation without failure or excessive wear of the parts.
EMERGENCY OPERATION TEST
Sec. 12-10-305.
(a) Releasing pressure. The release mechanism shall be so designed that a horizontal force of 50 pounds or less will actuate the release bar and latches or dead-locking bolt when the latched or locked door is subjected to outward pressure as described in Sections 12-10-305 (c) and (d). The horizontal force shall be applied at any point along the cross-bar perpendicular to the door in the direction of swing.
(b) Test specimen. The test specimen for the emergency operation test shall be the sample which has been previously subjected to the cycle test specified in Section 12-10-304.
(c) Testing instrument. The horizontal force applied to the cross-bar shall be measured with a calibrated spring scale or other approved means.
(d) Outward pressure, single door. A hydraulic loading device or load dynamometer shall be used to apply a horizontal force of 250 pounds against the latching edge in the direction in which the door opens. The thrust load shall be applied to the stile immediately above the latching mechanism.
(e) Outward pressure, double doors. A hydraulic loading device or load dynamometer shall be used to apply a horizontal force of 250 pounds against the lock stile of each door of doors in pairs 2 inches (51 mm) in from the edge at midpoint between top and bottom of each door leaf in the direction of door swing.
(f) Release bar deformation. The cross-bar on a 36-inch (914 mm) wide door shall not be permanently set or deformed in excess of [1] / 4 inch (6 mm), by the test; a spacing of at least 1 inch (25 mm) is to be provided and maintained between the cross-bar and the face of the door when the horizontal force is applied against the cross-bar.
MARKING
Sec. 12-10-306. The listee’s name (or approved symbol), type or model designation shall be plainly marked on the releasing assembly. Devices and assemblies which are not listed by an approved listing agency for the intended purpose shall bear a label or other identifying markings as approved by the State Fire Marshal.
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CHAPTERS
12-11A and 11B BUILDING AND FACILITY ACCESS SPECIFICATIONS
Detectable warning products and directional surfaces installed after January 1, 2001, shall be evaluated by an independent entity, selected by the Department of General Services, Division of the State Architect-Access Compliance, for all occupancies, including transportation and other outdoor environments, except that when products and surfaces are for use in residential housing evaluation shall be in consultation with the Department of Housing and Community Development. See Government Code Section 4460.
PRODUCT APPROVAL FOR DETECTABLE WARNING PRODUCTS AND DIRECTIONAL SURFACES
California Referenced Standards Code Medium relevance — show source text
|100 psf|1 hr
23 min|||7|1, 2|11/3| |F/C-4-RC-9|4″|4″ deep (4370 psi);1/4″ reinforcement bars
at 6″ pitch with3/4″ cover;1/4″ main rein-
forcement bars at 4″ pitch perpendicular
with1/2″ cover; 13′1″ span restrained.|150 psf|2 hrs|||7|1, 3|2| |F/C-4-RC-10|4″|4″ thick (5140 psi) deck;1/4″ reinforce-
ment bars at 71/2″ pitch with7/8″ cover;3/8″
main reinforcement bars at 33/4″ pitch
perpendicular with1/2″ cover; 13′1″ span
restrained.|140 psf|1 hr
16 min|||7|1, 5|11/4| |F/C-4-RC-11|4″|4″ thick (4000 psi) concrete deck;
3″ × 11/2″ × 4 lbs R.S.J.; 2′6″ C.R.S.; flush
with top surface; 4″ × 6″ x 13 SWG mesh
reinforcement 1″ from bottom of slab; 6′6″
span restrained.|150 psf|2 hrs|||7|1, 3|2| |F/C-4-RC-12|4″|4″ deep (2380 psi) concrete deck;
3″ × 11/2″ × 4 lbs R.S.J.; 2′6″ C.R.S.; flush
with top surface; 4″ × 6″ x 13 SWG mesh
reinforcement 1″ from bottom surface;
6′6″ span restrained.|150 psf|1 hr
3 min|||7|1, 2|1| |F/C-4-RC-13|41/2″|41/2″ thick (5200 psi) deck;1/4″ reinforce-
ment bars at 71/4″ pitch with7/8″ cover;3/8″
main reinforcement bars at 33/4″ pitch
perpendicular with1/2″ cover; 13′1″ span
restrained.|140 psf|2 hrs|||7|1, 3|2| |F/C-4-RC-14|41/2″|41/2″ deep (2525 psi) concrete deck;1/4″
reinforcement bars at 71/2″ pitch with7/8″
cover;3/8″ main reinforcement bars at
33/8″ pitch perpendicular with1/2″ cover;
13′1″ span restrained.|150 psf|42 min|||7|1, 5|2/3| |F/C-4-RC-15|41/2″|41/2″ deep (4830 psi) concrete deck;
11/2″ × No.CRSC § 12-3 Medium relevance — show source text
SECTION 12-3-9—ENDURANCE TEST
12-3-9.1 A sample of the security bar releasing system shall function as intended during 250 cycles of operation without failure or excessive wear of the parts, including serving or fraying of individual cable wires. Following the cycling, the system shall be subjected to the Operation Test.
12-3-9.2 The system shall be operated and reset as described in the manufacturer's operating instructions. As part of the cycling, it is only necessary to unlatch, disengage and reset the system, and not open the security bars to the full open position. The cycling rate shall not exceed 30 cycles per minute.
SECTION 12-3-10—ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TEST
12-3-10.1 After each of the following exposures, test assemblies shall be subjected to the Manual Actuation Test. The test shall be performed while the test assemblies are in the test chambers, or immediately after their removal from the test chamber. Opening forces after these conditionings shall not exceed the values shown in Section 12-3-8.2 or 12-3-8.3. A single sample shall be subjected to each exposure. The same sample, or different sample, shall be allowed to be used for each exposure condition.
12-3-10.2 Elevated ambient. Samples shall be conditioned in a 120°F (49°C) environment for 24 hours.
12-3-10.3 Low ambient. Samples shall be conditioned in a 32°F (0°C) environment for 24 hours.
12-3-10.4 Humidity test. Samples shall be conditioned for 24 hours in moist air having a relative humidity of 85 +/– 5 percent at a temperature of 90°F +/– 5°F (32 +/– 2°C).
SECTION 12-3-11—ABUSE TEST
12-3-11.1 A sample shall comply with the Manual Actuation Test requirements in Sections 12-3-8.2 and 12-3-8.3 after being subjected to the simulated abuse provided in Section 12-3-11.2.
12-3-11.2 The sample shall be subject to six impacts of 5 feet-pounds (6.8 N · m) each applied with a 2-inch diameter (51 mm) steel ball on portions of the release system that are most likely to adversely affect the operation of the system.
MARKINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION 12-3-12—MARKINGS
12-3-12.1 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be permanently marked with the company name, model number and date of manufacture. When a manufacturer produces assemblies at more than one factory, each such assembly shall have a distinctive marking to identify it as the product of a particular factory.
12-3-12.2 Symbols or diagrams shall be marked on the manual actuator to identify how to manually release the security bars. The diagram or symbols shall be readily visible to occupants when the assembly is mounted as intended.
12-3-12.3 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be marked with the name or logo of the testing agency certifying to compliance of the products with this standard, and identification of the standard as SFM SB-2000.
12-3-12.4 Adhesive-backed labels used to provide required markings shall be suitable for the application and shall comply with UL Standard 969, 1995 Edition.
CRSC § 7.1. Medium relevance — show source text
Measurement of heat release rate. HRR is measured during the tests with a properly calibrated oxygen depletion calorimeter. Since HRR is typically a post-test analysis, this criterion for Acceptance may be determined at the end of the test.
Burner positioning. Center the burner directly under the middle deck board, midway between the joists. The distance from the top of the burner to the bottom of the deck boards shall be 27 inches (690 mm).
Moisture content. Measure the moisture content of the wooden members of the assembly using a moisture meter (ASTM D4444).
Procedure.
7.1. Ignition. Ignite the burner, controlling for a constant 80 ± 4 kW output. 7.2. Flame exposure. Continue the exposure for a 3-minute period. Extinguish the burner.
7.3. Continued combustion. Continue observation for an additional 40 minutes or until all combustion has ceased. The test shall be terminated immediately if flaming combustion accelerates uncontrollably (runaway combustion) or structural failure of any deck board occurs. 8. Observations. Note physical changes of the deck boards during the test, including structural failure of any deck board, location of flaming and glowing ignition, and loss of material (i.e., flaming drops of particles falling from the deck). It is desirable to capture the entire test with a video recorder to allow review of the details of performance.
12-7A-4A.7.4 Report. The report shall include a description of the deck board material and the time of any degradation (effective net peak heat release rate) during the test.
12-7A-4A.7.5 Conditions of acceptance. Should one of the three replicates fail to meet the Condition of Acceptance, three additional tests may be run. All of the additional tests must meet the Condition of Acceptance with an effective peak heat release rate of less than or equal to 25 kW/ft [2] (269 kW/m [2] ).
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12-8-1 FIRE-RESISTIVE STANDARDS FOR FIRE PROTECTION
ROOM FIRE TEST FOR WALL AND CEILING MATERIALS
STANDARD 12-8-100 ( SEE CHAPTER 35, CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE )
STATE FIRE MARSHAL
Authority: Sections 13143, 13146.1, Health and Safety Code Reference: Sections 13108, 13143, 13146.1, Health and Safety Code
SCOPE
Sec. 12-8-101.
(a) Basic. This standard is intended to evaluate, under a specified fire exposure condition, the contribution to room fire growth provided by wall ceiling and/or floor materials or assemblies. This standard is not intended to evaluate the fire endurance or flamespread of material or assemblies.
Note: See State Fire Marshal (SFM) 7-1 and Uniform Building Code (UBC) Standard 8-1.
CRSC § 9.5 Medium relevance — show source text
The specimen shall be suspended vertically with its lower edge 2 inches (51 mm) above the top of a [3] / 8 inch (9.5 mm) diameter Bunsen Burner. The test shall be performed in a draft-free area.
The flames from the burner shall be 4 inches (101 mm) long and shall be adjusted with sufficient air supply to eliminate any yellow flame tips but without any distinct inner blue cone.
The specimen shall be exposed to the flame at each corner and at not less than one other point along the lower edge. Each exposure shall be of sufficient duration to determine if the material will ignite and continue to burn, but shall be not less than 20 seconds.
The criteria for acceptance shall be as follows: (A) There shall be not more than intermittent flaming appreciably beyond the area exposed to the test flame. (B) Flame shall not reach the top of the specimen. (C) On removing the test flame there shall be not more than 1 second of after flaming except there may be nonprogressive flaming of short duration in areas of accumulated char which were directly exposed to the test flame.
Section 12-7-502
(a) Framed rigid combustible decorative material. Rigid combustible decorative material and assemblies of materials not more than [1] / 4 inch (6 mm) in thickness used for folding doors, room dividers, decorative screens and similar applications, and which are installed with all edges protected, shall conform to the following:
All exposed edges shall be protected with frames of metal or other noncombustible material, or solid wood of minimum [1] / 4 inch (6 mm) dimension.
The total square foot area of the material shall not exceed ten percent of that of the floor area of the room in which the material is installed.
When tested as follows, flames shall not reach the top edge of the specimen. The test shall be conducted in a draft free area, on a specimen of the material 12 inches by 12 inches (305 mm by 305 mm) suspended at a 45-degree angle from the horizontal with the upper and lower edges in a horizontal plane. The test flame shall be 3 inches (76 mm) long from a Bunsen burner of approximately [1] / 2 -inch (13 mm) inside diameter with the air supply completely shut off. The burner shall be positioned so that its top is 1 inch (25 mm) vertically below a point on the lower surface of the test specimen, 1 inch (25 mm) up from its lower horizontal edge and midway between the inclined edges. The exposure to the test flame and the duration of test shall be for a period of 2 minutes.
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12-7A MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS
FOR EXTERIOR WILDFIRE EXPOSURE
EXTERIOR WALL SIDING AND SHEATHING
SFM STANDARD 12-7A-1
12-7A-1.1 Application. The minimum design, construction and performance standards set forth herein for exterior wall siding and sheathing are those deemed necessary to establish conformance to the provisions of these regulations. Materials and assemblies that meet the performance criteria of this standard are acceptable for use as defined in California Building Standards Code.
CRSC § 12-3 Medium relevance — show source text
RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
12-3-4.5 Manual actuators.
12-3-4.5.1 Security bar releasing assembly mechanisms shall include a manual actuation mechanism that is capable of unlatching the security bars so that they can be opened by the occupants. The actuating force shall be applied in one of the following
manners:
Finger actuated: Pushing with the index finger or pulling a loop with the index finger in a curled position.
Hand actuated: Pulling, pushing, twisting, rotating or turning a lever, knob, handle, rod or similar actuator with the hand or multiple fingers.
Foot actuated: Kicking, depressing or stepping on an actuating pedal, lever, stirrup or similar actuator.
12-3-4.5.2 On foot-actuated systems, only a single foot motion shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch. On finger- and hand-actuated systems, one or two distinct hand or finger motions shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch.
12-3-4.5.3 Releasing the actuator after the latch has been disengaged from the bar assembly shall not reengage the bar assembly.
12-3-4.5.4 No features or methods shall be provided or referenced in the instruction manual to inhibit the operation of the releasing mechanism.
12-3-4.6 Cables and connectors.
12-3-4.6.1 Cables connecting actuators to latches and release mechanisms shall only be used in applications where the force transmitted by them during normal operation is less than [ 1] / 10 the manufacturer’s rated working tension or compression.
12-3-4.6.2 Cables and connectors shall not be damaged, or have wire strands frayed during normal installation or use, and shall not contact sharp objects when installed as intended.
12-3-4.6.3 The means used to secure cables or connectors to latches, release mechanisms and actuators shall provide a tight, reliable nonslip connection.
12-3-4.7 Hinges.
12-3-4.7.1 Hinges shall operate smoothly and reliably, and shall not be susceptible to rust or corrosion.
PERFORMANCE
SECTION 12-3-5—TEST SETUP AND SAMPLE PREPARATION
12-3-5.1 Sample selection.
12-3-5.1.1 Representative samples of the releasing system shall be assembled to a test fixture as described in the installation instructions, unless otherwise noted in specific tests. The assembly shall include the mounting, hardware, releasing mechanisms and fasteners recommended in the instructions.
12-3-5.1.2 Samples to be tested shall include each type and sizes of releasing system shown in the installation instructions. Each type of releasing mechanism shall be subjected to the complete test program, unless it can be shown that tests on one type of mechanism are representative of the worst case testing on another mechanism. The sample shall be tested with mounting hardware and security bars that represent the worst case conditions of use. This shall be considered to be the security bars with the heaviest weight, greatest dimensions, and systems that create the greatest torque, moment and frictional forces on the hinges and releasing mechanism.
12-3-5.1.3 The test report shall document the systems tested, along with the basis for sample selection.
12-3-5.2 Test fixture.
California Referenced Standards Code Medium relevance — show source text
; 2′6″ C.R.S. with 1″ cover on
both top and bottom flanges; 12′ span
simply supported.|115 psf|29 min|||7|1, 5,
13|1/4| |F/C-6-RC-31|6″|6″ deep (3450 psi) concrete deck; 4″ ×
13/4″ × 5 lbs R.S.J.; 2′6″ C.R.S. with 1″ cover
on both top and bottom flanges; 12′ span
simply supported.|25 psf|3 hrs
35 min|||7|1, 2|31/2| |F/C-6-RC-32|6″|6″ deep (4460 psi) concrete deck; 4″ ×
13/4″ × 5 lbs R.S.J.; 2′ C.R.S. with 1″ cover
on both top and bottom flanges; 12′ span
simply supported.|60 psf|4 hrs
30 min|||7|1, 10|41/2| |F/C-6-RC-33|6″|6″ deep (4360 psi) concrete deck; 4″ × 13/4″
× 5 lbs R.S.J.; 2′ C.R.S. with 1″ cover on
both top and bottom flanges; 13′1″ span
restrained.|60 psf|2 hrs|||7|1, 3|2| |F/C-6-RC-34|61/4″|61/4″ thick; 43/4″ (5120 psi) concrete core;
1″ T&G board flooring;1/2″ plaster under-
coat; 4″ × 3″ × 10 lbs R.S.J.; 3′ C.R.S. flush
with top surface concrete; 12′ span simply
supported; 2″ × 1′3″ clinker concrete
insert.|100 psf|4 hrs|||7|1, 7|4| |F/C-6-RC-35|61/4″|43/4″ (3600 psi) concrete core; 1″ T&G
board flooring;1/2″ plaster undercoat; 4″ ×
3″ × 10 lbs R.S.J.; 3′ C.R.S. flush with top
surface concrete; 12′ span simply
supported; 2″ × 1′3″ clinker concrete
insert.|100 psf|2 hrs
30 min|||7|1, 5|21/2| |F/C-6-RC-36|61/4″|43/4″ (2800 psi) concrete core; 1″ T&G
board flooring;1/2″ plaster undercoat; 4″ ×
3″ × 10 lbs R.S.J.; 3′ C.R.S.
Frequently asked questions
What exactly is tested in the secure attachment test?
The closed assembly is tested by applying a 50‑pound exterior force (via a 3/8‑inch rope looped through the bars) perpendicular to the opening and holding it for 1 minute; the assembly must not open, loosen in the fixture, or be damaged (§ 12-3-6.2 ).
How many samples and repetitions are required for manual-actuation force measurement?
Two samples are subjected to the full test sequence. For Manual Actuation, each of the two samples is operated five times and forces are recorded; limits apply to the average over five attempts and to any single attempt as specified by actuator type (§ 12-3-6.1, § 12-3-8.1, § 12-3-8.2 ).
Can a foot-actuated “kick” system use a different test?
Yes — instead of the force-gauge procedure, a kick-designed foot actuator may be validated by a 25‑lb weight on a 4‑ft pendulum swung from 10 in horizontal distance, impacting the actuator five times successfully (§ 12-3-8.3 ).
Do I need to remove springs before testing?
Yes for the Operation Test the standard requires springs intended to move security bars to be removed or disabled prior to that test; follow § 12-3-7.2 (Operation Test precedes Manual Actuation) .
Where should I apply the force when measuring manual actuation?
Apply the force in the orientation anticipated by the design and at the location most likely to unlatch the actuator; use appropriate attachments so the gauge measures the actual maximum force applied (§ 12-3-8.2 ).
More in California Referenced Standards Code
- Administration and scope — CRSC Chapter 12 overview
- Air filter standards (Chapter 12‑71)
- Building and facility access / accessibility standards (Chapters 12‑11A, 12‑11B)
- Engineering regulations — quality and design of construction materials (12‑16 series)
- Exits and means of egress (Chapters 12‑10 series)
- Protective signaling systems and detectors (Chapters 12‑72‑1, ‑2, ‑3)
- Radiation shielding standards (Chapter 12‑31C)
- Referenced standards index / cross‑reference table (Part 12 listing of referenced standards)
- Releasing systems for security bars (egress-release standards)
- Standards for insulating materials (Chapter 12‑13)
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