CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code
What must the packaged releasing system include and how is it to be installed?
The CRSC requires that a releasing system for security bars be shipped as a complete kit (bars, latches, actuator, cables/connectors, hinges and mounting hardware) unless the manual properly lists compatible bars; it must be maintainable, release immediately without tools or special knowledge, and the inside manual actuator must be installed no higher than 48 inches above the finished floor (see **§ 12-3-3.1**, **§ 12-3-3.2**, **§ 12-3-13.3**) .
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2-4 sentences
The packaged releasing system must include the complete set of components that make the security-bar releasing system (security bars, latches, manual actuator, cables, connectors, hinges and mounting hardware) and the entire system shall be packaged in a single container (unless the manufacturer follows the allowed exception). This packaging and component requirement is stated in § 12-3-3.1 . The system must be maintainable in serviceable condition (§ 12-3-3.2) and the installation instructions must direct mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) above the finished floor (§ 12-3-13.3) .
The most important rule: The releasing system must arrive as a complete kit you can install and maintain, and its manual actuator must be mounted inside the room no higher than 48 inches so occupants can reach and operate it quickly. § 12-3-3.1 and § 12-3-13.3
Requirements in detail
What the packaged system must include
- The packaged system must contain security bars, latches, manual actuator, cables, connectors, hinges, and mounting hardware. The entire system shall be packaged in a single container; standard fasteners (screws, bolts, washers) may be provided separately. See § 12-3-3.1 .
- If the releasing mechanism assembly is provided separately from the security bar assembly, the instruction manual must list compatible security bars and their maximum dimensions (see § 12-3-13.2) — this is an allowed path but only when the manual complies with that section .
Functional / performance features the packaged system must support
- The system shall be of a type capable of being readily maintained in proper operating condition (§ 12-3-3.2) .
- The releasing mechanism must immediately unlatch the security bars when actuated and be operable from inside the building without tools, keys, or special knowledge (§ 12-3-3.3) .
- Manual actuators must be designed for interior mounting and must not be obstructed by covers that inhibit operation (§ 12-3-3.4) .
- Springs may assist operation but the release shall not depend on springs to operate (§ 12-3-3.5) .
- Systems with automatic actuators must still include a compliant manual release that remains operable even if the automatic portion fails (§ 12-3-3.7) .
- Manual actuation must be simple, intuitive, and operable in all lighting conditions; two simultaneous forces are not allowed (no pressing actuator while pushing bars) (§ 12-3-3.8–3.9) .
Installation instructions and what they must show
- A copy of the installation and operating instructions must be provided with each system; instructions must describe installation, initial testing, and periodic testing/maintenance (§ 12-3-13.1) .
- When the releasing mechanism is sold separately, the manual must identify compatible security bars by manufacturer, model, and maximum dimensions (§ 12-3-13.2) .
- Instructions must state mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) from the finished floor (§ 12-3-13.3) .
Cables, connectors, and hardware (installation quality)
- Cables may be used only where the working force during operation is less than 1/10 of the cable’s rated working tension or compression; connectors must be secure and free of damage or frayed strands when installed as intended (§ 12-3-4.6.1–4.6.3) .
- Hinges must operate smoothly and resist corrosion; mounting hardware recommended in instructions must be used during assembly and testing (§ 12-3-4.7, § 12-3-5.1.1) .
Decision table — key dimensions and installation facts
| Decision / dimension | Required value or behavior | Where used | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Packaged as a kit | Entire system in one container (standard fasteners may be separate) | Manufacturer packaging | § 12-3-3.1 |
| Actuator height | Mount actuator ≤ 48 in (1.2 m) above finished floor | Installation instructions / installer | § 12-3-13.3 |
| Maintainability | System must be readily maintained in proper condition | Product selection / maintenance planning | § 12-3-3.2 |
| Immediate release | Actuation must immediately unlatch without tools/keys | Operation requirement | § 12-3-3.3 |
| Minimum clear opening (when open) | ≥ 5.7 sq ft, width ≥ 20 in, height ≥ 24 in | Compliance and sizing | § 12-3-3.10 |
| Cable design | Force transmitted < 1/10 rated working tension | Cable selection / installation | § 12-3-4.6.1 |
| Instructions included | Installation & operating instructions with diagrams; list compatible bars when release sold separately | Packaged documents | § 12-3-13.1–13.2 |
Exceptions & special cases
- Exception for separate packaging: The security bars are allowed to be provided separately from the releasing assembly if the instruction manual complies with § 12-3-13.2 (i.e., lists compatible bars, manufacturer/model, and maximum dimensions) — this is explicitly allowed by § 12-3-3.1 .
- Installation on non-wood structures: Test fixtures are described for wood stud frames, but the standard allows equivalent fixtures for other substrates (masonry, brick) where the manufacturer’s installation instructions call for different mounting; the testing lab and manufacturer may agree to alternate mounting that represents actual field conditions (§ 12-3-5.2.1–5.2.2) .
- Automatic-actuated systems: If your product has automatic actuation, a manual release that meets the manual-actuation requirements must still be included and must not be inhibited by the automatic mechanism (§ 12-3-3.7) .
Common mistakes
- Shipping parts separately without compliant instructions: Supplying security bars separately without the manual identifying compatible bars (manufacturer/model and max dimensions) violates the allowed exception and § 12-3-3.1 / 12-3-13.2 .
- Mounting the actuator too high: Installing the actuator above 48 inches breaches § 12-3-13.3 and can render the manual release noncompliant and unsafe .
- Relying on springs to release: Designing a release that depends on a spring to unlatch (instead of using springs only to assist) violates § 12-3-3.5 .
- Installing cables that carry excessive force: Using cables where operating force exceeds 1/10 the rated working tension risks cable failure — check § 12-3-4.6.1 .
- Omitting installation and maintenance instructions: Not supplying clear installation, testing, and maintenance steps with the kit violates § 12-3-13.1 .
Worked example — a concrete scenario
Scenario: A manufacturer ships a releasing assembly kit for a bedroom window. The kit includes: two-bar grille, latch assembly, a finger-actuated inside release, steel cables, connectors, hinges, and a hardware pack. The instruction sheet lists compatible bars and dimensions and instructs actuator mounting at 42 inches above finished floor.
How the rules apply:
- Packaging: Because the releasing assembly, bars, latches, actuator, cables, connectors, hinges and mounting hardware are shipped together in one box, the kit meets § 12-3-3.1 packaging requirement . (If the bars were separate, the manual would need to list compatible bars per § 12-3-13.2.) .
- Actuator height: Instruction calls for actuator at 42 in, which is ≤ 48 in, so it satisfies § 12-3-13.3 .
- Force on cables: Installer verifies that normal operating force is < 1/10 rated cable tension; if so, cables comply with § 12-3-4.6.1 .
- Clear opening check: Once installed and opened, the bars provide a clear opening of 6.0 sq ft, width 22 in, height 33 in — this meets the minimum 5.7 sq ft, width 20 in, height 24 in requirement in § 12-3-3.10 .
- Instructions and maintainability: The instructions include initial test steps and periodic maintenance schedule, satisfying § 12-3-13.1 and supporting the requirement that the system be readily maintained (§ 12-3-3.2) .
If any single step failed (e.g., actuator mounted at 60 in), the installation would not comply and would need correction before acceptance.
Related provisions
- § 12-3-3.1 — Assembly contents and packaging (pack in one container)
- § 12-3-3.2 — Maintainability requirement for systems
- § 12-3-3.3 — Immediate unlatching and interior operation without tools/keys
- § 12-3-3.10 — Minimum clear opening dimensions when open (5.7 sq ft; 20 in × 24 in)
- § 12-3-4.6 — Cable and connector force limits and installation quality
- § 12-3-5.3.1 — Samples must arrive packaged as sold and include installation instructions for testing purposes
- § 12-3-13.1–13.3 — Installation and operating instructions; compatibility listing when assemblies are separate; actuator height ≤ 48 in
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
SECTION 12-3-11—ABUSE TEST
12-3-11.1 A sample shall comply with the Manual Actuation Test requirements in Sections 12-3-8.2 and 12-3-8.3 after being subjected to the simulated abuse provided in Section 12-3-11.2.
12-3-11.2 The sample shall be subject to six impacts of 5 feet-pounds (6.8 N · m) each applied with a 2-inch diameter (51 mm) steel ball on portions of the release system that are most likely to adversely affect the operation of the system.
MARKINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION 12-3-12—MARKINGS
12-3-12.1 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be permanently marked with the company name, model number and date of manufacture. When a manufacturer produces assemblies at more than one factory, each such assembly shall have a distinctive marking to identify it as the product of a particular factory.
12-3-12.2 Symbols or diagrams shall be marked on the manual actuator to identify how to manually release the security bars. The diagram or symbols shall be readily visible to occupants when the assembly is mounted as intended.
12-3-12.3 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be marked with the name or logo of the testing agency certifying to compliance of the products with this standard, and identification of the standard as SFM SB-2000.
12-3-12.4 Adhesive-backed labels used to provide required markings shall be suitable for the application and shall comply with UL Standard 969, 1995 Edition.
SECTION 12-3-13—INSTRUCTION MANUAL
12-3-13.1 Installation and operating instructions shall be provided with each system. Installation instructions shall describe how to install and initially test the system, and provide periodic testing and maintenance. Operating instructions shall be provided that include diagrams, drawing and symbols describing how to operate the system and escape in the event of a fire or other emergency.
12-3-13.2 When the releasing mechanism assembly is provided separately from the security bar assembly in accordance with Section 12-3-3.1, the instruction manual shall describe the compatible security bars that have been investigated and found suitable for use with the releasing assembly. Security bars shall be identified by the manufacturer’s name and model number and maximum dimensions.
12-3-13.3 The installation instructions shall include directions on mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) from the finished floor.
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12-4A LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS STANDARDS
STANDARD 12-4A-1
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
Authority: Sections 102, 208 and 25811.
Reference: Sections 102, 208 and 436.5.
LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS
Sec. 12-4A-101. Laboratory animal quarters shall comply with Chapter IV, “Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals,” U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Publication Number 85-23, Revised 1985.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-5.2.4 The exterior side of the assembly shall be covered by [3] / 4 -inch (19 mm) thick trade size CDX plywood, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 2 -inch (38 mm) nails or screws, secured at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header. The interior side of the assembly shall be covered with a layer of [1] / 2 -inch (13 mm) gypsum wallboard, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 4 -inch (32 mm) nails or screws at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header.
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12-3-5.2.5 Openings in the test fixture shall be sized to accommodate the size of the assembly under test, as described in the installation instructions. Opening size shall be allowed to vary if the size used is judged to not affect the results of any test performed.
12-3-5.3 Sample assembly.
12-3-5.3.1 Samples of the releasing system shall arrive at the test site in the packaging anticipated for distribution and sale, and accompanied by the installation instructions. The samples are to be installed on the test fixture by a representative of the certification organization, using common hand and power tools as recommended by the instruction manual. Any specialty tools required for assembly shall be so identified in the instructions.
12-3-5.3.2 When multiple tests are required on an assembly, they are allowed to be performed on the same test fixture, provided that new hole or openings are used for mounting. Portions of the test fixture shall be allowed to be replaced to accommodate new mounting holes or brackets.
12-3-5.3.3 Samples that include grease, graphite, silicon or other lubricants shall also be tested with the lubricant removed or not applied.
12-3-5.3.4 When assembled in accordance with the installation instructions the system shall be securely held in place in the test fixture and shall operate consistently in the intended fashion.
SECTION 12-3-6—SECURE ATTACHMENT TEST
12-3-6.1 Two samples of the system shall be subjected to the following test sequence.
12-3-6.2 The system, when in the closed position, shall resist 50-pound (22 N) force without opening, loosening in the test fixture or damaging the releasing assembly. The force shall be applied on the exterior side of the test fixture in a location that is most likely to move or damage the system. The force shall be gradually applied perpendicular to the opening and held for a period of 1 minute. A 3 / 8 -inch (10 mm) diameter rope looped through the security bars, or similar arrangement, shall be used to apply the force.
SECTION 12-3-7—OPERATION TEST
CRSC § 805.12.1.2 High relevance — show source text
hardware is installed on equipment by the manufacturer, and that equipment make and model include factory-installed FDD hardware that match the information indicated on copies of the manufacturer’s cut sheets and on the plans and specifications.
This procedure applies to fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) system for direct-expansion packaged units containing the following features:
(1) The unit shall include a factory-installed economizer and shall limit the economizer dead band to not more than 2°F (-17°C).
(2) The unit shall include direct-drive actuators on outside air and return air dampers.
(3) The unit shall include an integrated economizer with either differential dry-bulb or differential enthalpy control.
(4) The unit shall include a low temperature lockout on the compressor to prevent coil freeze-up or comfort problems.
(5) Outside air and return air dampers shall have maximum leakage rates in accordance to this appendix.
(6) The unit shall have an adjustable expansion control device such as a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV).
(7) To improve the ability to troubleshoot charge and compressor operation, a high-pressure refrigerant port will be located on the liquid line. A low-pressure refrigerant port will be located on the suction line.
(8) The following sensors shall be permanently installed to monitor system operation, and the controller shall have the capability of displaying the value of each parameter:
(a) Refrigerant suction pressure
(b) Refrigerant suction temperature
(c) Liquid line pressure
(d) Liquid line temperature
(e) Outside air temperature
(f) Outside air relative humidity
(g) Return air temperature
(h) Return air relative humidity
(i) Supply air temperature
(j) Supply air relative humidity
The controller will provide system status by indicating the following conditions:
(1) Compressor enabled
(2) Economizer enabled
(3) Free cooling available
(4) Mixed air low limit cycle active
(5) Heating enabled
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APPENDIX E
The unit controller shall have the capability to manually initiate each operating mode so that the operation of compressors, economizers, fans, and heating system can be independently tested and verified.
E 805.12.1.2 Functional Testing. The functional testing shall be in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1: Test low airflow condition by replacing the existing filter with a dirty filter or appropriate obstruction.
Step 2: Verify that the fault detection and diagnostics system reports the fault.
Step 3: Verify that the system is able to verify the correct refrigerant charge.
Step 4: Calibrate outside air, return air, and supply air temperature sensors. E 805.12.2 Acceptance Criteria. The system is able to detect a low airflow condition and report the fault. The system is able to detect where refrigerant charge is low or high and the fault is reported. E 805.13 Automatic Fault Detection Diagnostics (FDD) for Air Handling Units (AHU) and Zone Termi- nal Units (Form MECH-13A). The purpose of this test is to verify that the system detects common faults in air handling units and terminal units. FDD systems for air handling units and zone terminal units require DDC controls to the zone level. Successful completion of this test provides a compliance credit where using the performance approach.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-13.2 When the releasing mechanism assembly is provided separately from the security bar assembly in accordance with Section 12-3-3.1, the instruction manual shall describe the compatible security bars that have been investigated and found suitable for use with the releasing assembly. Security bars shall be identified by the manufacturer’s name and model number and maximum dimensions.
12-3-13.3 The installation instructions shall include directions on mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) from the finished floor.
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12-4A LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS STANDARDS
STANDARD 12-4A-1
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
Authority: Sections 102, 208 and 25811.
Reference: Sections 102, 208 and 436.5.
LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS
Sec. 12-4A-101. Laboratory animal quarters shall comply with Chapter IV, “Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals,” U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Publication Number 85-23, Revised 1985.
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12-4-1 STAGE AND PLATFORMS
SMOKE OR HEAT VENTILATORS
STANDARD 12-4-1
STATE FIRE MARSHAL
SMOKE OR HEAT VENTILATORS
Sec. 12-4-100.
(a) Application. The minimum design, construction and performance standard set forth herein for stage and platform smoke or heat ventilators are those deemed necessary to establish conformance to the provisions of these regulations.
(b) Scope. This standard covers ventilators and shutters designed to open under conditions of excessive smoke or heat to provide openings for the release to the atmosphere of accumulated smoke or heat.
A smoke or heat ventilator covered by this standard consists of a prefabricated frame of metal or other noncombustible materials; a cover of noncombustible or plastic materials; an automatic releasing device; and the control rigging. The control rigging may include electrically operated units for normal opening and closing.
(c) Tested and listed component parts. Component parts, devices, combinations of devices and electrical equipment which have been tested and listed by an approved testing agency for the intended purpose need not be individually retested. Such individually tested and listed component parts, devices and equipment shall be subjected to the performance standard tests to determine their suitability for use in the smoke or heat ventilator.
(d) Alternate constructions. Ventilators having materials or forms of construction differing from this standard may be investigated and tested in accordance with these regulations, and if found to be substantially equivalent in performance may be given recognition for approval.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
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12-3-2.4.2 Escape. For the purposes of these requirements, escape refers to movement of occupants from the interior of a residential dwelling unit to a safe point outside of the dwelling unit during an emergency fire condition.
12-3-2.4.3 Emergency means of escape. A passage independent of and remote from the primary means of escape that provides a means of travel from living and sleeping spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside.
12-3-2.4.4 Means of escape. A concept included in building codes that, in most cases, requires sleeping rooms and living areas in dwelling units to be provided with at least one primary means of escape and one secondary means of escape to the outside.
12-3-2.4.5 Primary means of escape. A door, stairway or ramp providing a means of unobstructed travel from living spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside at street or ground level.
12-3-2.4.6 Security bars. For the purposes of these requirements, the term “security bars” includes “burglar bars” and refers to metal and other bars, grilles, grates and other barriers that are designed to provide security for doors and windows in dwelling units. The purpose of security bars, by their mere presence on a building, is to deter a potential forced entry into the dwelling.
CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 12-3-3—ASSEMBLY
12-3-3.1 Security bar releasing systems consist of the security bars, latches, manual actuators, cables, connectors, hinges and mounting hardware. The entire system shall be packaged in a single container. Standard mounting hardware including screws, bolts and washers are allowed to be provided separately.
Exception: The security bars shall be allowed to be provided separately if the instruction manual complies with Section 12-3-13.2.
12-3-3.2 The system shall be of a type capable of being readily maintained in proper operating condition.
12-3-3.3 The system shall be designed to immediately unlatch the security bars when actuated. It shall be able to be operated from the inside of a building by the occupants without the use of tools, keys, or special knowledge or effort.
12-3-3.4 The manual actuator used to release the security bars shall be designed to be mounted inside the dwelling unit for operation by the occupants. Covers or other barriers that can obstruct access to actuators shall not be provided if they inhibit the proper operation of the system.
12-3-3.5 The release mechanism shall not depend on springs to release the latch, although springs are allowed to be provided to assist in the operation.
12-3-3.6 The system shall be designed to prevent it from being locked in a closed position with a pad lock or similar device.
12-3-3.7 Systems provided with an automatic actuating mechanism shall also include a manual release system that complies with these requirements. The automatic actuation portion of the system, even in the event of its failure, shall not inhibit operation of the manual releasing system.
12-3-3.8 Manual actuation of the system shall release the security bars quickly and with simple, easily understood and intuitive motions. The system shall be capable of being operated in all lighting conditions.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-5.1.3 The test report shall document the systems tested, along with the basis for sample selection.
12-3-5.2 Test fixture.
12-3-5.2.1 The test fixture in which the assembly is mounted shall consist of the wood stud construction described in Section 123-5.2.2. Systems that require a specific mounting arrangement not represented by these test fixtures, such as masonry or brick, shall be mounted in a fixture of equivalent dimensions and rigidity, as described in the installation instructions. If agreeable to the testing laboratory and manufacturer, the wood stud fixture shall be representative of all mounting structures, provided the system is securely held in place in the fixture during all tests.
12-3-5.2.2 The entire test fixture shall be constructed of commercially available two by four trade size vertical wood studs [nominal 1.5 inches by 3.5 inches (38.1 mm by 89 mm)], spaced on maximum 16 inch (406 mm) centers. The opening shall be framed with two by four plates and minimum two layers of two by four for headers. For window openings, a minimum of two layers of two by four shall be used for the sill and cripple studs shall be provided. The frame shall be secured in place so it does not move when the system is subjected to the test forces noted below. The frame shall extend a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) above and on each side of the opening.
12-3-5.2.3 Actual doors and windows or their frames shall not be required to be mounted in the opening unless the presence of such doors, windows or frames affects the operation of the system, or unless part of the system is mounted on the door or window frame.
12-3-5.2.4 The exterior side of the assembly shall be covered by [3] / 4 -inch (19 mm) thick trade size CDX plywood, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 2 -inch (38 mm) nails or screws, secured at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header. The interior side of the assembly shall be covered with a layer of [1] / 2 -inch (13 mm) gypsum wallboard, secured with minimum 1 [1] / 4 -inch (32 mm) nails or screws at least every 12 inches (305 mm) to each stud, sill and header.
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12-3-5.2.5 Openings in the test fixture shall be sized to accommodate the size of the assembly under test, as described in the installation instructions. Opening size shall be allowed to vary if the size used is judged to not affect the results of any test performed.
12-3-5.3 Sample assembly.
12-3-5.3.1 Samples of the releasing system shall arrive at the test site in the packaging anticipated for distribution and sale, and accompanied by the installation instructions. The samples are to be installed on the test fixture by a representative of the certification organization, using common hand and power tools as recommended by the instruction manual. Any specialty tools required for assembly shall be so identified in the instructions.
CRSC § 510.4.2.5 High relevance — show source text
- Where a donor antenna exists, isolation shall be maintained between the donor antenna and all inside antennas to not less than 20dB greater than the system gain under all operating conditions.
- Active RF-emitting devices used for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall have built-in oscillation detection and control circuitry to reduce gain and maintain operation. When a signal booster detects oscillation, a supervisory signal shall be transmitted. In the event of uncorrectable oscillation, the system shall be permitted to shut down.
- The installation of amplification systems or systems that operate on or provide the means to cause interference on any in-building emergency responder communications enhancement network shall be coordinated and approved by the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s).
510.4.2.5 System monitoring. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be monitored by a listed fire alarm control unit, or where approved by the fire code official, shall sound an audible signal at a constantly attended on-site location. Automatic supervisory signals shall include the following:
- Loss of normal AC power supply.
- System battery charger(s) failure.
- Signal source malfunction.
- Failure of active RF-emitting device(s).
- Low-battery capacity at 70 percent of the 12-hour operating capacity has been depleted.
- Failure of critical system components.
- The communications link between the fire alarm system and the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system.
- Oscillation of active RF-emitting device(s).
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FIRE SERVICE FEATURES
510.4.2.5.1 Single supervisory input. Where approved, a single supervisory input to the fire alarm system to monitor all system supervisory signals shall be permitted.
510.4.2.6 Additional frequencies and change of frequencies. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be capable of modification or expansion in the event frequency changes are required by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities, or additional frequencies are made available by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities.
510.4.2.7 Design documents. The fire code official shall have the authority to require “as-built” design documents and specifications for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems. The documents shall be in a format acceptable to the fire code official.
510.4.2.8 Near-far effect. Where a signal booster is required by the RF system designer, the dynamic range of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed to minimize the effects of strong signal automatic gain control on weak signal uplink performance.
510.4.2.9 Noise interference. Where a signal booster is used, signal booster type(s) and the uplink signal and noise levels shall be coordinated with and approved by all frequency license holder(s) that may be adversely impacted by any transmitted noise resulting from the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. Systems shall be in compliance with all frequency licensing authority requirements.
510.5 Installation requirements. The installation of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be in accordance with NFPA 1225 and Sections 510.5.2 through 510.5.5.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
12-3-4.5 Manual actuators.
12-3-4.5.1 Security bar releasing assembly mechanisms shall include a manual actuation mechanism that is capable of unlatching the security bars so that they can be opened by the occupants. The actuating force shall be applied in one of the following
manners:
Finger actuated: Pushing with the index finger or pulling a loop with the index finger in a curled position.
Hand actuated: Pulling, pushing, twisting, rotating or turning a lever, knob, handle, rod or similar actuator with the hand or multiple fingers.
Foot actuated: Kicking, depressing or stepping on an actuating pedal, lever, stirrup or similar actuator.
12-3-4.5.2 On foot-actuated systems, only a single foot motion shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch. On finger- and hand-actuated systems, one or two distinct hand or finger motions shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch.
12-3-4.5.3 Releasing the actuator after the latch has been disengaged from the bar assembly shall not reengage the bar assembly.
12-3-4.5.4 No features or methods shall be provided or referenced in the instruction manual to inhibit the operation of the releasing mechanism.
12-3-4.6 Cables and connectors.
12-3-4.6.1 Cables connecting actuators to latches and release mechanisms shall only be used in applications where the force transmitted by them during normal operation is less than [ 1] / 10 the manufacturer’s rated working tension or compression.
12-3-4.6.2 Cables and connectors shall not be damaged, or have wire strands frayed during normal installation or use, and shall not contact sharp objects when installed as intended.
12-3-4.6.3 The means used to secure cables or connectors to latches, release mechanisms and actuators shall provide a tight, reliable nonslip connection.
12-3-4.7 Hinges.
12-3-4.7.1 Hinges shall operate smoothly and reliably, and shall not be susceptible to rust or corrosion.
PERFORMANCE
SECTION 12-3-5—TEST SETUP AND SAMPLE PREPARATION
12-3-5.1 Sample selection.
12-3-5.1.1 Representative samples of the releasing system shall be assembled to a test fixture as described in the installation instructions, unless otherwise noted in specific tests. The assembly shall include the mounting, hardware, releasing mechanisms and fasteners recommended in the instructions.
12-3-5.1.2 Samples to be tested shall include each type and sizes of releasing system shown in the installation instructions. Each type of releasing mechanism shall be subjected to the complete test program, unless it can be shown that tests on one type of mechanism are representative of the worst case testing on another mechanism. The sample shall be tested with mounting hardware and security bars that represent the worst case conditions of use. This shall be considered to be the security bars with the heaviest weight, greatest dimensions, and systems that create the greatest torque, moment and frictional forces on the hinges and releasing mechanism.
12-3-5.1.3 The test report shall document the systems tested, along with the basis for sample selection.
12-3-5.2 Test fixture.
CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text
12-3-4.6.2 Cables and connectors shall not be damaged, or have wire strands frayed during normal installation or use, and shall not contact sharp objects when installed as intended.
12-3-4.6.3 The means used to secure cables or connectors to latches, release mechanisms and actuators shall provide a tight, reliable nonslip connection.
12-3-4.7 Hinges.
12-3-4.7.1 Hinges shall operate smoothly and reliably, and shall not be susceptible to rust or corrosion.
PERFORMANCE
SECTION 12-3-5—TEST SETUP AND SAMPLE PREPARATION
12-3-5.1 Sample selection.
12-3-5.1.1 Representative samples of the releasing system shall be assembled to a test fixture as described in the installation instructions, unless otherwise noted in specific tests. The assembly shall include the mounting, hardware, releasing mechanisms and fasteners recommended in the instructions.
12-3-5.1.2 Samples to be tested shall include each type and sizes of releasing system shown in the installation instructions. Each type of releasing mechanism shall be subjected to the complete test program, unless it can be shown that tests on one type of mechanism are representative of the worst case testing on another mechanism. The sample shall be tested with mounting hardware and security bars that represent the worst case conditions of use. This shall be considered to be the security bars with the heaviest weight, greatest dimensions, and systems that create the greatest torque, moment and frictional forces on the hinges and releasing mechanism.
12-3-5.1.3 The test report shall document the systems tested, along with the basis for sample selection.
12-3-5.2 Test fixture.
12-3-5.2.1 The test fixture in which the assembly is mounted shall consist of the wood stud construction described in Section 123-5.2.2. Systems that require a specific mounting arrangement not represented by these test fixtures, such as masonry or brick, shall be mounted in a fixture of equivalent dimensions and rigidity, as described in the installation instructions. If agreeable to the testing laboratory and manufacturer, the wood stud fixture shall be representative of all mounting structures, provided the system is securely held in place in the fixture during all tests.
12-3-5.2.2 The entire test fixture shall be constructed of commercially available two by four trade size vertical wood studs [nominal 1.5 inches by 3.5 inches (38.1 mm by 89 mm)], spaced on maximum 16 inch (406 mm) centers. The opening shall be framed with two by four plates and minimum two layers of two by four for headers. For window openings, a minimum of two layers of two by four shall be used for the sill and cripple studs shall be provided. The frame shall be secured in place so it does not move when the system is subjected to the test forces noted below. The frame shall extend a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) above and on each side of the opening.
12-3-5.2.3 Actual doors and windows or their frames shall not be required to be mounted in the opening unless the presence of such doors, windows or frames affects the operation of the system, or unless part of the system is mounted on the door or window frame.
CRSC § 1009.12 Medium relevance — show source text
Emergency exit and panic hardware.
|SFM|Part 9, Section 1009.12| |Chapter 12-11A,
12-11B|Detectable warning products and directional
surfaces|DSA|Part 2, Sections 1112A.9, 1116A.5, 11B-247,
11B-406.5.12, 11B-705, 11B-810.5.2| |Chapter 12-12|Reserved||| |Chapter 12-13|Standards for insulating material|CA/SFM|Part 2.5, Section R302.10.1
Part 6, Section 110.8
Part 9, Section 720, Table 721.1(1)
Part 11, Section A5.504.4.8| |Chapter 12-16-1|California standard for earthquake-actuated
automatic gas shutoff systems|DSA|Part 2, Chapters 16 and 16A
Part 5, Section 1211.8| |Chapter 12-16-2|California standard for residential excess flow
actuated automatic gas shutoff valves|DSA|Part 5, Section 1209.1| |Chapter 12-31C|Radiation shielding|DPH|Part 2, Section 3102C| |Chapter 12-71|Air filters|SFM|Part 4, Sections 401.2, 509.2.3, 509.2.3.4
Part 6, Section 120.1| |Chapter 12-72-1|Protective signaling systems.
Standard test procedures.|SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-2|Protective signaling systems. Single-and
multiple-station fire alarm devices
mechanically operated type.|SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-3|Protective signaling systems. Smoke detectors,
combustion products type.|SFM||2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE ix
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
x 2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE
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12-1 ADMINISTRATION
RESERVED
2025 CALIFORNIA REFERENCED STANDARDS CODE 1
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12-3 RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS
(This standard includes provisions of Underwriters Laboratories Subject 2326, Appendix B, dated December 17, 1999, reprinted with their permission.)
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 12-3-1—SCOPE
12-3-1.1 These requirements cover releasing systems for bars, grilles, mesh, glazing or other items intended to provide security at doors and windows required for emergency escape from dwelling units. When actuated by the occupant, the system allows the obstructions over the door or window to be moved so occupants can escape in the event of an emergency.
CRSC § 510.4.2 Medium relevance — show source text
510.4.2 System design. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed in accordance with Sections 510.4.2.1 through 510.4.2.8 and NFPA 1225.
510.4.2.1 Amplification systems and components. Buildings and structures that cannot support the required level of inbuilding emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be equipped with systems and components to enhance the radio signals and achieve the required level of in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system specified in Sections 510.4.1 through 510.4.1.3. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems utilizing radio-frequency-emitting devices and cabling shall be approved by the fire code official. Prior to installation, all RF-emitting devices shall have the certification of the radio licensing authority and be suitable for public safety use.
510.4.2.2 Technical criteria. The fire code official shall maintain a document providing the specific technical information and requirements for the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. This document shall contain, but not be limited to, the various frequencies required, the location of radio sites, the effective radiated power of radio sites, the maximum propagation delay in microseconds, the applications being used and other supporting technical information necessary for system design.
510.4.2.3 Standby power. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall be provided with dedicated standby batteries or provided with 2-hour standby batteries and connected to the facility generator power system in accordance with Section 1203. The standby power supply shall be capable of operating the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system at 100-percent system capacity for a duration of not less than 12 hours.
510.4.2.4 Signal booster requirements. If used, signal boosters shall meet the following requirements:
All signal booster components shall be contained in a NEMA Type 4 cabinet.
Battery systems used for the emergency power source shall be contained in a NEMA 3R or higher-rated cabinet.
Equipment shall have FCC or other radio licensing authority certification and be suitable for public safety use prior to installation.
Where a donor antenna exists, isolation shall be maintained between the donor antenna and all inside antennas to not less than 20dB greater than the system gain under all operating conditions.
Active RF-emitting devices used for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall have built-in oscillation detection and control circuitry to reduce gain and maintain operation. When a signal booster detects oscillation, a supervisory signal shall be transmitted. In the event of uncorrectable oscillation, the system shall be permitted to shut down.
The installation of amplification systems or systems that operate on or provide the means to cause interference on any in-building emergency responder communications enhancement network shall be coordinated and approved by the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s).
510.4.2.5 System monitoring. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be monitored by a listed fire alarm control unit, or where approved by the fire code official, shall sound an audible signal at a constantly attended on-site location. Automatic supervisory signals shall include the following:
- Loss of normal AC power supply.
- System battery charger(s) failure.
- Signal source malfunction.
- Failure of active RF-emitting device(s).
- Low-battery capacity at 70 percent of the 12-hour operating capacity has been depleted.
- Failure of critical system components.
- The communications link between the fire alarm system and the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system.
- Oscillation of active RF-emitting d
CRSC § 12-3 Medium relevance — show source text
Exception: The security bars shall be allowed to be provided separately if the instruction manual complies with Section 12-3-13.2.
12-3-3.2 The system shall be of a type capable of being readily maintained in proper operating condition.
12-3-3.3 The system shall be designed to immediately unlatch the security bars when actuated. It shall be able to be operated from the inside of a building by the occupants without the use of tools, keys, or special knowledge or effort.
12-3-3.4 The manual actuator used to release the security bars shall be designed to be mounted inside the dwelling unit for operation by the occupants. Covers or other barriers that can obstruct access to actuators shall not be provided if they inhibit the proper operation of the system.
12-3-3.5 The release mechanism shall not depend on springs to release the latch, although springs are allowed to be provided to assist in the operation.
12-3-3.6 The system shall be designed to prevent it from being locked in a closed position with a pad lock or similar device.
12-3-3.7 Systems provided with an automatic actuating mechanism shall also include a manual release system that complies with these requirements. The automatic actuation portion of the system, even in the event of its failure, shall not inhibit operation of the manual releasing system.
12-3-3.8 Manual actuation of the system shall release the security bars quickly and with simple, easily understood and intuitive motions. The system shall be capable of being operated in all lighting conditions.
12-3-3.9 Manual actuation of the system shall not require two different forces to be applied at the same time, such as applying force to the actuator while also pushing on the bars. 12-3-3.10 When fully opened, the assembly shall provide a minimum clear opening of not less than 5.7 square feet (0.53 m [2] ) with the width not less than 20 inches (508 mm) and the height not less than 24 inches (610 mm), measured parallel to the plane of the opening.
12-3-3.11 Security bars shall be constructed so that they do not swing up to open. They shall not include projections that can easily snag the clothing of those escaping through the opening.
12-3-3.12 Security bars shall have been constructed such that a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter shall not pass through any opening and shall not create other potential head entrapment hazards.
SECTION 12-3-4—MATERIALS
12-3-4.1 The materials employed shall have adequate mechanical strength to perform their expected function.
12-3-4.2 O-rings, gaskets and seals shall comply with UL Standard 157, 1996 Edition. Polymeric materials shall comply with UL Standard 746C, 1995 Edition, Section 25-27.
Exception: O-rings, gaskets, seals and polymeric materials that are used as decorative parts, or whose failure will not affect the ability of the system to comply with these requirements.
12-3-4.3 Components constructed of dissimilar metals shall not be used in applications where contact between them is likely to cause galvanic corrosion. The materials employed shall reduce the likelihood of the release mechanism becoming inoperative due to corrosion.
Frequently asked questions
Can a manufacturer ship the latch and bars in different boxes?
Yes — but only if the instruction manual for the separately supplied releasing mechanism identifies the compatible security bars by manufacturer, model and maximum dimensions as required by § 12-3-13.2; otherwise the entire system must be packaged in a single container per § 12-3-3.1 .
Where must the manual actuator be mounted?
The installation instructions must direct mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) from the finished floor as required by § 12-3-13.3 .
Are springs allowed to operate the latch?
No — springs may be used only to assist operation; the release shall not depend on springs to unlatch the security bars (§ 12-3-3.5) .
What documentation must come with the packaged system?
Each system must include installation and operating instructions that describe installation, initial testing, and periodic testing/maintenance (see § 12-3-13.1) .
What minimum clear opening must the system provide when opened?
When fully opened the assembly must provide at least 5.7 square feet, with width ≥ 20 inches and height ≥ 24 inches, measured parallel to the plane of the opening (§ 12-3-3.10) .
More in California Referenced Standards Code
- Administration and scope — CRSC Chapter 12 overview
- Air filter standards (Chapter 12‑71)
- Building and facility access / accessibility standards (Chapters 12‑11A, 12‑11B)
- Engineering regulations — quality and design of construction materials (12‑16 series)
- Exits and means of egress (Chapters 12‑10 series)
- Protective signaling systems and detectors (Chapters 12‑72‑1, ‑2, ‑3)
- Radiation shielding standards (Chapter 12‑31C)
- Referenced standards index / cross‑reference table (Part 12 listing of referenced standards)
- Releasing systems for security bars (egress-release standards)
- Standards for insulating materials (Chapter 12‑13)
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