CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code

Medical radiographic & photofluorographic installations

This hub covers the CRSC/CBC requirements for medical radiographic and photofluorographic rooms, emphasizing operator‑station, observation and shielding standards (see § 3103C and Sec. 12‑31C‑101).

Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

Overview

This part of the California Referenced Standards Code (CRSC) and the California Building Code (CBC) governs the physical protection, room layout and operator controls for medical radiographic and photofluorographic equipment — including requirements for operator stations, patient observation and required shielding for rooms that house x‑ray and fluoroscopy machines. Key provisions appear in CBC Chapter 31C (Radiation) and the specific radiography section § 3103C (see § 3103C.1–§ 3103C.2 for operator station and patient observation rules) .

Shielding design and performance must conform to the standards referenced in the CRSC; Sec. 12‑31C‑101 mandates compliance with the NCRP reports used for structural shielding design (Report Nos. 35, 49 and 51) and establishes the Department of Health Services as the authority for variances to those standards. These requirements tie equipment performance, barrier design and room layout into building permit and inspection reviews for imaging spaces in health facilities (see also radiological/imaging service‑space provisions in the health‑care chapters) .

In this section

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CRSC § 1.11. High relevance — show source text

    The state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 31C-1

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    31C-2 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    31C [DPH] RADIATION

    SECTION 3101C—SCOPE

    For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meaning indicated:

    PRIMARY PROTECTIVE BARRIER is a barrier to attenuate the useful beam.

    SECONDARY PROTECTIVE BARRIER is a barrier to attenuate stray radiation.

    STRAY RADIATION is radiation not serving any useful purpose, which includes leakage and scattered radiation.

    USEFUL BEAM is the radiation which passes through the window, aperture, cone or other collimating device of the tube housing.

    SECTION 3102C—RADIATION SHIELDING BARRIERS

    All radiation shielding barriers in rooms and enclosures housing machines shall meet the requirements of Section 12-31C-101, Chapter 12-31C, Part 12, California Referenced Standards Code. The Department of Health Services is the only agency that may grant a variance or exception to these standards.

    SECTION 3103C—MEDICAL RADIOGRAPHIC AND PHOTOFLUOROGRAPHIC INSTALLATIONS

    3103C.1 Operator station. The operator’s station at the control shall be behind a protective barrier either in a separate room, in a protected booth or behind a shield which will intercept the useful beam and any radiation which has been scattered only once.

    3103C.2 Patient observation and communication. Provision shall be made for the operator to observe and communicate with the patient without leaving the shielded position at the control panel. When an observation window is used, it must provide radiation atten- uation equal to that required in the surrounding barrier.

    SECTION 3104C—MEDICAL THERAPEUTIC X-RAY INSTALLATIONS

    3104C.1 General. All wall, floor and ceiling areas that can be struck by the useful beam, plus a border of 1 foot (305 mm), shall be provided with primary protective barriers.

    3104C.2 Equipment operating above 50 kVp. Equipment operating above 50 kVp shall conform with the following: 1. The control station shielding shall either be an integral part of the building or anchored to the building. 2. The control station shall be provided with a window having radiation attenuation equal to that required by the adjacent barrier, or a mirror system, or a closed-circuit television viewing screen. The patient area must be visible to the operator with- out having to leave the protected area during exposure.

  • CRSC § 31B-22 High relevance — show source text

    3162B Anti-Entrapment Devices and Systems . . . . . . . . . . 31B-22

    CHAPTER 31C RADIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31C-1

    3101C Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3102C Radiation Shielding Barriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3103C Medical Radiographic and Photofluorographic Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3104C Medical Therapeutic X-Ray Installations. . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    CHAPTER 31D FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31D-1

    3101D Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31D-3

    3102D Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31D-3

    3103D Buildings and Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31D-3

    CHAPTER 31E RESERVED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31E-1

    CHAPTER 31F MARINE OIL TERMINALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31F-1

    3101F Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31F-3

    3102F Audit and Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31F-6

    3103F Structural Loading Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31F-19

    3104F Seismic Analysis and Structural Performance. . . . 31F-34

    3105F Mooring and Berthing Analysis and Design . . . . . . 31F-48

    3106F Geotechnical Hazards and Foundations . . . . . . . . . 31F-55

  • CRSC § 3103C.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 3103C—MEDICAL RADIOGRAPHIC AND PHOTOFLUOROGRAPHIC INSTALLATIONS

    3103C.1 Operator station. The operator’s station at the control shall be behind a protective barrier either in a separate room, in a protected booth or behind a shield which will intercept the useful beam and any radiation which has been scattered only once.

    3103C.2 Patient observation and communication. Provision shall be made for the operator to observe and communicate with the patient without leaving the shielded position at the control panel. When an observation window is used, it must provide radiation atten- uation equal to that required in the surrounding barrier.

    SECTION 3104C—MEDICAL THERAPEUTIC X-RAY INSTALLATIONS

    3104C.1 General. All wall, floor and ceiling areas that can be struck by the useful beam, plus a border of 1 foot (305 mm), shall be provided with primary protective barriers.

    3104C.2 Equipment operating above 50 kVp. Equipment operating above 50 kVp shall conform with the following: 1. The control station shielding shall either be an integral part of the building or anchored to the building. 2. The control station shall be provided with a window having radiation attenuation equal to that required by the adjacent barrier, or a mirror system, or a closed-circuit television viewing screen. The patient area must be visible to the operator with- out having to leave the protected area during exposure.

    3104C.3 Equipment operating above 150 kVp. Equipment operating above 150 kVp shall conform to the following: 1. The treatment room shall be provided with interlocks so that when any door of the treatment room is opened, either the machine will shut off automatically or the radiation level within the room will be reduced to an average of not more than 2 milliroentgens per hour and a maximum of 10 milliroentgens per hour at a distance of one meter in any direction from the target. After such shutoff or reduction in output, it shall be possible to restore the machine to full operation only from the control panel. 2. The control station shall be within a protective booth or in an adjacent room.

    3104C.4 A minimum of one door shall be provided with an auxiliary means for being opened in case of power failure or mechanical breakdown, where large power-driven doors offer the only access to the room.

    3104C.5 A flashing red warning signal light energized only when the useful beam is on shall be located adjacent to the entrance(s) to a therapy room with equipment capable of operating above 500 kVp.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 31C-3

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    31C-4 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 31D – FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

  • CRSC § 31B-20 Medium relevance — show source text

    3154B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-20

    3155B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-20

    3156B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-20

    3157B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-21

    3158B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-21

    3159B Reserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-21

    DIVISION II – PUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31B-21

    3160B Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-21

    3161B Wading Pools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B-21

    3162B Anti-Entrapment Devices and Systems . . . . . . . . . . 31B-22

    CHAPTER 31C RADIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31C-1

    3101C Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3102C Radiation Shielding Barriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3103C Medical Radiographic and Photofluorographic Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    3104C Medical Therapeutic X-Ray Installations. . . . . . . . . . 31C-3

    CHAPTER 31D FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31D-1

    3101D Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31D-3

  • CRSC § 12-74 Medium relevance — show source text

    12-74 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT

    1226.5.4 Support areas for staff.

    1226.5.4.1 Staff toilet(s). Refer to Section 1226.4.17.1.

    1226.5.4.2 Storage for employees. Refer to Section 1226.4.17.2.

    RADIOLOGICAL/IMAGING SERVICE SPACE.

    1226.5.5 Radiological/imaging service space. When x-ray examination services, computerized tomography scanning, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and/or mammography services are provided, the radiological/imaging services space shall comply with the provisions of this section.

    1226.5.5.1 Support spaces for radiological/imaging services. The following spaces are common to the imaging service area and are minimum requirements:

    1226.5.5.1.1 Patient toilet room(s). In service spaces with procedure rooms that do not require dedicated patient toilets, provide a minimum of one patient toilet room within the service space, refer to Section 1226.4.14.1.

    1226.5.5.1.2 Outpatient change area. A separate space shall be provided where outpatients change from street clothing. This shall include provisions for clothing storage, space for clothing change and gowning area. Dressing rooms shall be readily accessible to the imaging rooms.

    1226.5.5.1.3 Staff facilities. In service space of three or more procedure rooms, staff toilet room(s) internal to the service space.

    1226.5.5.1.4 Handwashing stations. Handwashing stations shall be located within the unit.

    1226.5.5.1.5 Imaging storage (active). If imaging storage systems are used, provide a means of sorting and filing patient film or electronic media for immediate retrieval shall be provided.

    1226.5.5.1.6 Medication station. Provision shall be made for locked storage of medications and drugs. Refer to Section 1226.4.13.2.

    1226.5.5.1.7 Areas for off-site laundry services. Refer to Section 1226.4.15.1.

    1226.5.5.2 Radiation protection. Radiation protection requirements for equipment refer to Section 1224.18.1.1.

    1226.5.6 X-ray examination services . When provided, x-ray examination services space shall comply with the following:

    1. X-ray room. 2. When shielded control alcove with protective view windows is provided, refer to Section 1224.18.1.1. 3. Fluoroscopy room, when provided, shall have a toilet room directly accessible to the fluoroscopy room. This toilet room is in addition to common patient toilet room facilities located in the radiological/imaging service space. 4. Space for processing images. 5. An office or other suitable area for viewing and reporting radiographic examination.

  • CRSC § 1.11. Medium relevance — show source text

    CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 31C – RADIATION

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG
    SFM HCD Col6 Col7 DSA Col9 Col10 OSHPD Col12 Col13 Col14 Col15 Col16 Col17 BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG
    SFM 1 2 1/AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
    Adopt entire chapter X
    Adopt entire chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter / Section

    The state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 31C-1

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    31C-2 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    31C [DPH] RADIATION

    SECTION 3101C—SCOPE

    For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meaning indicated:

    PRIMARY PROTECTIVE BARRIER is a barrier to attenuate the useful beam.

    SECONDARY PROTECTIVE BARRIER is a barrier to attenuate stray radiation.

    STRAY RADIATION is radiation not serving any useful purpose, which includes leakage and scattered radiation.

    USEFUL BEAM is the radiation which passes through the window, aperture, cone or other collimating device of the tube housing.

    SECTION 3102C—RADIATION SHIELDING BARRIERS

    All radiation shielding barriers in rooms and enclosures housing machines shall meet the requirements of Section 12-31C-101, Chapter 12-31C, Part 12, California Referenced Standards Code. The Department of Health Services is the only agency that may grant a variance or exception to these standards.

    SECTION 3103C—MEDICAL RADIOGRAPHIC AND PHOTOFLUOROGRAPHIC INSTALLATIONS

  • CRSC § 1226.5.5.1.3 Medium relevance — show source text

    1226.5.5.1.3 Staff facilities. In service space of three or more procedure rooms, staff toilet room(s) internal to the service space.

    1226.5.5.1.4 Handwashing stations. Handwashing stations shall be located within the unit.

    1226.5.5.1.5 Imaging storage (active). If imaging storage systems are used, provide a means of sorting and filing patient film or electronic media for immediate retrieval shall be provided.

    1226.5.5.1.6 Medication station. Provision shall be made for locked storage of medications and drugs. Refer to Section 1226.4.13.2.

    1226.5.5.1.7 Areas for off-site laundry services. Refer to Section 1226.4.15.1.

    1226.5.5.2 Radiation protection. Radiation protection requirements for equipment refer to Section 1224.18.1.1.

    1226.5.6 X-ray examination services . When provided, x-ray examination services space shall comply with the following:

    1. X-ray room. 2. When shielded control alcove with protective view windows is provided, refer to Section 1224.18.1.1. 3. Fluoroscopy room, when provided, shall have a toilet room directly accessible to the fluoroscopy room. This toilet room is in addition to common patient toilet room facilities located in the radiological/imaging service space. 4. Space for processing images. 5. An office or other suitable area for viewing and reporting radiographic examination.

    1226.5.7 Computerized tomography (CT) scanning. When provided, CT services space shall comply with the requirements of Section 1224.18.3.

    1226.5.8 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When provided, MRI services space shall comply with the requirements of Section 1224.18.4.

    1226.5.9 Ultrasound. When ultrasound is provided, refer to Section 1224.18.5.

    1226.5.10 Mammography. When mammography is provided, refer to Section 1224.18.6.

    GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY.

    1226.5.11 Gastrointestinal endoscopy. When provided, gastrointestinal endoscopy services space shall comply with Section 1224.39.3 and the provisions of this section:

    1226.5.11.1 Procedure Room(s).

    1226.5.11.1.1 Space requirements. Refer to Section 1224.39.3.1.1.

    1226.5.11.1.2 Handwashing station. Refer to Section 1224.39.3.1.2.

    1226.5.11.2 Processing room. Refer to Section 1224.39.3.2.

    1226.5.11.3 Preoperative patient holding. Refer to Section 1224.16.2.

    1226.5.11.4 Post-anesthesia recovery area. Refer to Section 1224.16.

  • CRSC § 1224.13 Medium relevance — show source text

    General construction 1224.4

    Reserved 1224.6–1224.13

    Scope 1224.1 Hospitals—Basic Services Anesthesia/recovery service space 1224.16 Chemical dependency recovery hospital 1224.42 Clinical laboratory service space 1224.17 Dietetic service space 1224.20 Nursing service space 1224.14 Pharmaceutical service space 1224.19 Radiological/diagnostic imaging service space 1224.18

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE INDEX-11

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    INDEX

    Approval required 110.6 Concrete construction 110.3.1, 110.3.11, 110.3.2, 1705.3 Concrete slab 110.3.2

    EIFS 110.3.11, 1705.17 Energy efficiency 110.3.9 Fabricators 1704.2.5

    Fees 109

    Final 110.3.12 Fire-extinguishing systems 904.4 Fire-resistant materials 110.3.11, 1705.15, 1705.16 Fire-resistant penetrations 110.3.8, 1705.18

    Flood hazard 110.3.12.1, 110.3.3 Footing or foundation 110.3.1, 110.3.11, 1705.3, 1705.4, 1705.7, 1705.8, 1705.9

    Frame 110.3.4 Lath gypsum panel products 110.3.6, 2503 Liability 104.8 Masonry 110.3.11, 1705.4 Preliminary 110.2 Required 110.3 Right of entry 104.4 Seismic 1705.13

    Smoke control 909.18.8, 1705.19 Soils 110.3.11, 1705.6 Special (see Special Inspections and Tests) 110.3.11, 1704, 1705 Sprayed fire-resistant materials 1705.15 Sprinkler protection 903.5 Steel 110.3.11, 110.3.4, 1705.2 Third party 110.4 Welding 110.3.11, 1705.2 Wind 110.3.11, 1705.12 Wood 110.3.11, 1705.5 Institutional I-1 [see Institutional Occupancy (see Group I) and Residential (see Group s R-4 and R-2.1 )] Accessibility Chapter 11B Assisted toileting and bathing Chapter 11B Alarm and detection 420.5, 907.2.9, 907.2.9.4, 907.2.11.2, 907.2.11.2.1, 907.2.13, 907.5.1.1, 907.5.2.3.2 Combustible decorations 806.1 Cooking 420.9 Means of egress Aisles 1018.5

    Corridors 1020.2

  • CRSC § 1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    1.1_
    1304.1.2|||X|||||||||||||X||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section
    1304.1.1
    1304.1.2||||||||||X|X|X|X|X|X|||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section
    1304.1.1
    1304.1.2||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section
    1304.1.1
    1304.1.2||||||||||||||||||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section
    1304.1.1
    1304.1.2||||||||||X|X|X|X|X|X|||||||||| |Adopting Agency
    Adopt Entire Chapter
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below
    Chapter/Section
    1304.1.1
    1304.1.2||||||||||X|X|X|X|X|X||||||||||

    This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

    2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE 273

    ), Copyright © 2025 IAPMO, and may not be used for any other purpose or distributed to any other persons or parties.

    274 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

    ), Copyright © 2025 IAPMO, and may not be used for any other purpose or distributed to any other persons or parties.

    CHAPTER 13

    HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND MEDICAL GAS AND MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

    Part I – General Requirements.

    1301.0 General Requirements.

    1301.1 Applicability. This chapter applies to the special fixtures and systems in health care facilities; the special plumbing requirements for such facilities; and the installation, testing, and verification of Categories 1, 2, and 3 medical gas and medical vacuum piping systems, except as otherwise indicated in this chapter, from the central supply system to the station outlets or inlets in hospitals, clinics, and other health care facilities. Other plumbing in such facilities shall comply with other applicable sections of this code. For Category 3 medical gas systems, only oxygen and nitrous oxide shall be used.

  • CRSC § 1.5. Medium relevance — show source text

    May appear on the installation wiring diagram. K. Reference to a specific model number or description of the instrument to be used for checking the sensitivity of the detector. May appear on the installation wiring diagram. L. A detector intended for permanent connection only to a wiring system other than metal-clad cable or conduit shall be marked to indicate the system or systems for which it is suitable. The marking shall be so located that it will be visible when power-supply connections to the detector are made or may appear on the installation wiring diagram. M. The State Fire Marshal’s listing label if required by Article 1.5. N. A detector which is not intended to be painted in the field shall be marked on the outside “DO NOT PAINT.” 2. An installation wiring diagram shall be provided with each detector illustrating the field connections to be made. The drawing may be attached to the unit or, if separate, shall be referenced in the marking attached to the unit with the drawing number and issue number and/or date.

    1. The drawing shall show a pictorial view of the installation terminals or leads to which field connections are made as they would appear when viewed during an installation and the minimum internal dimensions of a back box, if not provided with the detector, shall be specified. The terminal numbers on the detector shall agree with the numbers on the drawing. A drawing not attached to the detector unit shall be marked with the name or identifying symbol of the manufacturer’s or vendor’s drawing number, and an issue number and/or date.
    2. The following marking information is required to appear on the detector or the installation wiring diagram for the applicable circuits to which field connections are made. Where an electrical rating is indicated, it may be omitted if reference is made for connection to a specific control unit or equivalent. A. Supply circuit. Voltage, current or watts, and frequency. B. Initiating device circuit connections. For detectors intended to be connected only to the initiating device circuit of a fire alarm system control unit, at least two detectors shall be shown connected to a typical initiating device circuit. For a detector intended only for releasing device service, a typical connection shall be shown. For a detector suitable for both application, typical connections representing both types of connections shall be illustrated. C. Supplementary circuits. Voltage, current or watts, and frequency rating.
    3. Technical bulletin. A technical bulletin shall be provided by the manufacturer for each installation to be used as a reference by the installer. The bulletin shall include the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding typical detector locations. The information shall include guidelines on detector location, spacings, maintenance, servicing tests, etc., under various environmental conditions and physical configurations. Some conditions for which guidelines are required are:

    A. Temperature B. Humidity C. Corrosive atmospheres D. Air movement (ventilating and air-conditioning systems) E. High ceilings F. Sloped ceilings G. Girder ceiling construction H. Small and large bays I. Open joist construction J. High stock piling K. Conditions produced by manufacturing processes 6. Detailed information shall be provided regarding the use of the facilities provided on the detector to monitor the sensitivity. Typical information that shall be provided includes: A. Nominal reading under clear condition B. Nominal reading when close to alarm C. Nominal reading at alarm condition D. Guidelines on instrument use for an engineering survey, installation and maintenance 7. Information regarding locations where not to install detectors shall also be provided to minimize the possibility of false alarms.

  • CRSC § 25.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 0.00689 MPa, 1 ton = 8.896 kN.

    Notes:

    1. Failure mode—collapse.
    2. Failed on furnace removal.
    TABLE 2.1.11
    HEXAGONAL REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS
    MINIMUM DIMENSION—20″ TO LESS THAN 22″
    Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Col6 Col7 Col8 Col9 Col10
    ITEM
    CODE
    MINIMUM
    DIMENSION
    CONSTRUCTION DETAILS PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE REFERENCE NUMBER REFERENCE NUMBER REFERENCE NUMBER NOTES REC.
    HOURS
    ITEM
    CODE
    MINIMUM
    DIMENSION
    CONSTRUCTION DETAILS LOAD TIME PRE- BMS-92 BMS-92 POST-BMS-92 POST-BMS-92 POST-BMS-92
    C-20-HRC-1 20″ 20″ hexagonal columns; gravel concrete
    (6080 psi); reinforcement: vertical,3/4″
    rebars; horizontal,5/16″ helical winding on
    13/4″ pitch; cover:1/2″.
    211
    tons
    2 hrs 7 1 2
    C-20-HRC-2 20″ 20″ hexagonal columns; gravel concrete
    (5080 psi); reinforcement: vertical,3/4″
    rebars; horizontal,5/16″ wire on 13/4″ pitch;
    cover:1/2″.
    184
    tons
    2 hrs
    15 min
    7 2–4 21/4

    For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 0.00689 MPa, 1 ton = 8.896 kN.

    Notes:

    1. Column collapsed on furnace removal.

    2. Passed 2 [1] / 4 -hour fire test.

    3. Passed hose stream test.

    4. Withstood reload after 48 hours.

    TABLE 2.2
    ROUND CAST IRON COLUMNS
    Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Col6 Col7 Col8 Col9 Col10
    ITEM
    CODE
    MINIMUM
    DIMENSION
    CONSTRUCTION DETAILS PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE REFERENCE NUMBER REFERENCE NUMBER REFERENCE NUMBER NOTES REC.
    HOURS
    ITEM
    CODE
    MINIMUM
    DIMENSION
    CONSTRUCTION DETAILS LOAD TIME PRE-BMS-92 BMS-92 POST-BMS-92 POST-BMS-92 POST-BMS-92
    C-7-CI-1 7″ O.D. Column: 0.6″ minimum metal thickness;
    unprotected.
  • CRSC § 2205.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    Cold-Formed Steel 2204

    Cold-formed Stainless Steel 2205.1 Cutting and notching 2206.3 Light-frame construction 2206 Special inspection 1705.12.2, 1705.13.3, 1705.2.3, 1705.2.7 Combustible Dusts 307.4, 414.5.1, 426.1 Combustible Liquids 307.1, 307.4, 307.5, 414.2.5, 414.5.3, 415.9.2, 415.10.1, 418.6

    Combustible Material

    Concealed spaces 413.2, 718.5 Exterior side of exterior wall 1405 High-pile stock or rack storage 413.1, 910.2.2 Type I and Type II 603, 805 Combustible Projections 705.2, 705.2.3.1 Combustible Storage 413, 910.2.2 Common Path of Egress Travel 1006.2.1 Compartmentation Ambulatory care facilities 422.2, 422.3 Group I-2 407.5, 407.6 Group I-3 408.6 Laboratory suites 428.3 Underground buildings 405.4, 405.5.2 Compressed Gas 307.2, 415.11.8 Concealed Spaces 413.2, 718 Concrete Chapters 19 and 19A Anchorage 1901.3 Calculated fire resistance 722.2

    Cellular 721.2

    Construction documents 1603.1,

    1901.5 Durability 1904 Footings 1809, 1906 Foundation walls 1807.1.5, 1808.8 Materials 1705.3.2, 1901, 1903 Plain, structural 1906 Reinforced gypsum concrete 2514 Rodentproofing Appendix F Roof tile 1504.3, 1507.3, 1513 Shotcrete 1908 Slabs-on-ground 1907 Special inspections 1705.3, Table 1705.3 Specifications 1903 Strength testing 1705.3.2 Structural concrete with GFRP

    reinforcement 1901.2.1 Wood support 2304.13 Concrete Masonry Calculated fire resistance 722.3

    Construction 2104

    Design 2101.2, 2108, 2109 Materials 2103.1 Surface bonding 2103.2.2, 2109.2 Wood support 2304.13 Concrete Roof Tile 1504.3, 1507.3, 1513 Wind Resistance 1504.3, 1609.6.3.1 Condominium (see Apartment Houses) Conduit, Penetration Protection 713.3,

    1023.5 Conflicts in Code 102, 104.2.4.1 Congregate Living Facilities 310.2, 310.3, 310.4

    Construction (See Safeguards During Construction) Construction Documents 107, 1603 Alarms and detection 907.1.1

    Balconies 107.2.5

Frequently asked questions

What standards govern shielding for x‑ray and fluoroscopy rooms?

Shielding must meet the mandatory standards listed in CRSC Sec. 12‑31C‑101, which references NCRP Report No. 35 (dental), Report No. 49 (structural shielding for medical x‑rays and gamma rays) and Report No. 51; follow those reports for barrier thickness, occupancy factors and radiation attenuation calculations .

Which CBC sections should designers and reviewers check first?

Start with CBC Chapter 31C (Radiation) and the specific medical radiographic section § 3103C (operator station and patient observation) and § 3102C (radiation shielding barriers); these local code provisions point to the CRSC referenced standards for detailed shielding design and variance procedures .

Who can grant a variance from the referenced shielding standards?

The Department of Health Services is the agency identified in the code as the only body that may grant a variance or exception to the referenced radiation shielding standards .

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