CHBC · California Historical Building Code
May historical railing heights and baluster spacing be retained?
If your building is designated historic, the CHBC (see **§ 8-504**) generally lets you keep existing railing heights and baluster spacing as‑is unless an identifiable safety hazard exists or a new occupancy creates one; special CHBC subsections may still set dimensions for particular features (for example, certain balcony rules).
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2-4 sentences
The CHBC allows existing, historical railing heights and baluster spacing to be kept in place rather than forced to meet regular code dimensions — unless a distinct hazard is identified or created by a change in use or occupancy. This provision is set out in § 8-504 . In short: keep the historic railings unless they create a new, demonstrable safety hazard or the building’s use changes in a way that makes them unsafe.
The single most important rule: existing historic railings and their baluster spacing may remain as-built unless a distinct hazard is shown or a change of use/occupancy creates one (see § 8-504).
Requirements in detail
Core rule
- Retention allowed: The CHBC explicitly permits continuation of historical railing height and baluster spacing. See § 8-504 .
- Limitation: Retention is not absolute — retention is disallowed only when a distinct hazard is identified or is created by a change in use or occupancy. See § 8-504 .
What “distinct hazard” and “change in use or occupancy” mean here
- A distinct hazard is an identifiable condition that creates an unreasonable risk to life-safety in the context of the building’s current use (see CHBC chapters addressing unsafe conditions and structural/regulatory context — e.g., provisions on continued use and unsafe buildings). See § 8-102.1.4 for continued use/change-of-occupancy context.
- A change in use or occupancy can trigger re-evaluation: when an historic building’s function changes (for example, from a single-family dwelling to a child-care facility or public assembly), existing railings that were previously acceptable may be found to create a hazard and may require modification. See § 8-102.1.4 and the scope language for means of egress in Chapter 8-5.
When CHBC gives specific dimensional requirements (examples)
- The CHBC does include specific dimensional language for certain features (not in § 8-504 itself). For example, the CHBC’s provisions on fire-escape balconies require a balustrade height of 36 inches and not more than 9 inches between balusters for those balconies (see § 8-502.6(5)). That requirement applies to the specific element described, not as a general override of § 8-504’s retention allowance.
Decision-relevant dimensions / values (summary table)
| Decision factor | What to measure / look for | Typical value or action | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retain historical railing height & baluster spacing | Inspect as‑built dimensions and condition | Retain as‑built unless hazard/change of use | § 8-504 |
| When to require upgrade | Evidence of a distinct hazard or a change in use/occupancy (e.g., to higher public use) | Evaluate case-by-case; upgrading may be required | § 8-504; see § 8-102.1.4 |
| Balconies / fire-escape balconies (example where CHBC sets dims) | Measure balustrade and baluster spacing on balcony elements | 36 in high; ≤ 9 in between balusters (where § applies) | § 8-502.6(5) |
| Accessibility / regular code conflict | If strict regular-code compliance would threaten historic character, CHBC alternatives apply | Alternatives may be used item-by-item with documentation | § 8-602.1–8-602.2 |
(Measure actual as-built dimensions on site; CHBC leaves retention as a performance/authority decision rather than a single prescriptive number in § 8-504.)
Exceptions & special cases
- Elements that already have CHBC-prescribed minimums (for specific features) must meet those specific words — e.g., the balcony balustrade requirement at § 8-502.6(5) (36 in / 9 in) applies where that subsection governs balconies or fire-escape balconies.
- If an enforcing agency finds the historic railing constitutes a safety hazard (for present use) the agency may require mitigation or upgrade despite § 8-504. The CHBC permits item-by-item evaluation and alternatives where historic character would be threatened by strict regular-code compliance. See § 8-602.1–8-602.2 for the accessibility/alternative principles.
- Change of use/occupancy (for example, converting to public assembly, childcare, commercial use) may create conditions where the historic railings must be modified to reduce the newly created hazard. See § 8-102.1.4 and the means-of-egress chapter for context.
Common mistakes
- Assuming § 8-504 is a blanket exemption from all safety requirements — it is not. It permits retention unless a distinct hazard exists or is created; do not ignore evidence of hazard. § 8-504 .
- Forgetting site‑specific CHBC dimensional rules — some CHBC subsections do set explicit dimensions (e.g., § 8-502.6(5) for certain balconies). Do not mix the general retention allowance with specific mandatory provisions.
- Ignoring documentation and the enforcing agency process — CHBC alternatives and retention decisions often require item-by-item evaluation and retained documentation per § 8-602.2.
- Treating a later change of occupancy as “no problem” — a new occupancy can trigger re-evaluation and corrective work under CHBC (see § 8-102.1.4).
Worked example — concrete scenario
Scenario: A historic house with a porch railing that is 30 inches tall and has 4.5 inches between balusters is proposed for conversion from single-family dwelling to a small daycare (higher public use).
- As-built inspection: measure the railing height (30 in) and baluster spacing (4.5 in) and record condition.
- Apply § 8-504: the CHBC allows retention of the historical height/spacing unless a distinct hazard is identified. § 8-504 therefore permits keeping the 30 in railing if no distinct hazard exists in the current use.
- Trigger for re-evaluation: because the project involves a change in occupancy (to daycare), the enforcing authority evaluates whether that change creates a distinct hazard (children are a vulnerable population; e.g., larger openings could be a risk). Consult § 8-102.1.4 and the means-of-egress/accessibility guidance.
- Likely outcome: the enforcing agency may determine the historic railing presents a hazard for daycare occupancy and require upgrades (raising guard height, reducing openings, or adding secondary protection). If so, mitigation must balance life-safety and preservation, and alternatives should be documented per § 8-602.2.
Related provisions
- § 8-504 — Railings and guardrails (retention allowance).
- § 8-502.6(5) — Fire-escape balconies: balustrade 36 in high; ≤ 9 in between balusters (example of a CHBC dimensional requirement).
- § 8-602.1 / § 8-602.2 — Regular code vs. CHBC alternatives; documentation and item-by-item application.
- § 8-102.1.4 — Change of use/occupancy and continued use context (when a change may trigger new requirements).
- Chapter 8-5 (e.g., § 8-501 – 8-502) — Means of egress principles and when existing features are acceptable or need review.
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Historical Building Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
CHBC § 33.3 High relevance — show source text
Stairway openings in such balconies shall not be less than 22 inches by 44 inches (559 by 1118 mm). The balustrade of each balcony shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) high with not more than 9 inches (287 mm) between balusters. 6. Fire escapes shall extend to the roof or provide an approved gooseneck ladder between the top floor landing and the roof when serving buildings four or more stories in height having roofs with less than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33.3 percent slope). Fire escape ladders shall be designed and connected to the building to withstand a horizontal force of 100 pounds (445 N) placed anywhere on the rung. All ladders shall be at least 15 inches (381 mm) wide, located within 12 inches (305 mm) of the building. Ladder rungs shall be [3] / 4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter and shall be located 12 inches (305 mm) on center. Openings for roof access ladders through cornices and similar projections shall have minimum dimensions of 30 inches by 33 inches (762 by 838 mm). The length of fire escapes and exit ladder devices shall be limited to that approved by the building official based on products listed by a recognized testing laboratory. 7. The lowest balcony shall not be more than 18 feet (5486 mm) from the ground. Fire escapes shall extend to the ground or be provided with counterbalanced stairs reaching to the ground. 8. Fire escapes shall not take the place of stairways required by the codes under which the building was constructed. 9. Fire escapes shall be kept clear and unobstructed at all times and maintained in good working order.
2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE 9
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
MEANS OF EGRESS
SECTION 8-503 — ESCAPE OR RESCUE WINDOWS AND DOORS
Basements in dwelling units and every sleeping room below the fourth floor shall have at least one openable window or door approved for emergency escape which shall open directly into a public street, public way, yard or exit court. Escape or rescue windows or doors shall have a minimum clear area of 3.3 square feet (0.31 m [2] ) and a minimum width or height dimension of 18 inches (457 mm) and be operable from the inside to provide a full, clear opening without the use of special tools.
SECTION 8-504 — RAILINGS AND GUARDRAILS
The height of railings and guard railings and the spacing of balusters may continue in their historical height and spacing unless a distinct hazard has been identified or created by a change in use or occupancy.
10 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
8-6 ACCESSIBILITY
SECTION 8-601 — PURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPE
8-601.1 Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide alternative regulations to facilitate access and use by persons with disabilities to and throughout facilities designated as qualified historical buildings or properties. These regulations require enforcing agencies to accept alternatives to regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildings or properties.
CHBC § 8-503 High relevance — show source text
2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE 9
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
MEANS OF EGRESS
SECTION 8-503 — ESCAPE OR RESCUE WINDOWS AND DOORS
Basements in dwelling units and every sleeping room below the fourth floor shall have at least one openable window or door approved for emergency escape which shall open directly into a public street, public way, yard or exit court. Escape or rescue windows or doors shall have a minimum clear area of 3.3 square feet (0.31 m [2] ) and a minimum width or height dimension of 18 inches (457 mm) and be operable from the inside to provide a full, clear opening without the use of special tools.
SECTION 8-504 — RAILINGS AND GUARDRAILS
The height of railings and guard railings and the spacing of balusters may continue in their historical height and spacing unless a distinct hazard has been identified or created by a change in use or occupancy.
10 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
8-6 ACCESSIBILITY
SECTION 8-601 — PURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPE
8-601.1 Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide alternative regulations to facilitate access and use by persons with disabilities to and throughout facilities designated as qualified historical buildings or properties. These regulations require enforcing agencies to accept alternatives to regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildings or properties.
8-601.2 Intent. The intent of this chapter is to preserve the integrity of qualified historical buildings and properties while providing access to and use by persons with disabilities.
8-601.3 Scope. The CHBC shall apply to every qualified historical building or property that is required to provide access to persons with disabilities.
- Provisions of this chapter do not apply to new construction or reconstruction/replicas of historical buildings.
- Where provisions of this chapter apply to alteration of qualified historical buildings or properties, alteration is defined in California Building Code (CBC), Chapter 2.
8-601.4 General application. The provisions in the CHBC apply to local, state and federal governments (Title II entities); alteration of commercial facilities and places of public accommodation (Title III entities); and barrier removal in commercial facilities and places of public accommodation (Title III entities). Except as noted in this chapter.
SECTION 8-602 — BASIC PROVISIONS
8-602.1 Regular code. The regular code for access for people with disabilities (Title 24, Part 2, Vol. 1, Chapter 11B) shall be applied to qualified historical buildings or properties unless strict compliance with the regular code will threaten or destroy the historical significance or character-defining features of the building or property.
8-602.2 Alternative provisions. If the historical significance or character-defining features are threatened, alternative provisions for access may be applied pursuant to this chapter, provided the following conditions are met:
- These provisions shall be applied only on an item-by-item or a case-by-case basis.
- Documentation is provided, including meeting minutes or letters, stating the reasons for the application of the alternative provisions. Such documentation shall be retained in the permanent file of the enforcing agency.
SECTION 8-603 — ALTERNATIVES
California Historical Building Code Medium relevance — show source text
800
14 600
13 600
12 700
12 000|25 600
23 600
22 000
20 600
19 500|52 700
48 500
45 100
42 300
40 000|95 700
88 100
81 900
76 900
72 600|152 000
139 000
130 000
122 000
115 000| |125
150
175
200
250|44
40
37
34
30|92
83
77
71
63|173
157
144
134
119|355
322
296
275
244|532
482
443
412
366|1020
928
854
794
704|1630
1480
1360
1270
1120|2890
2610
2410
2240
1980|5890
5330
4910
4560
4050|10 600
9650
8880
8260
7320|17 200
15 600
14 400
13 400
11 900|35 400
32 100
29 500
27 500
24 300|64 300
58 300
53 600
49 900
44 200|102 000
92 300
84 900
79 000
70 000| |300
350
400
450
500|27
25
23
22
21|57
53
49
46
43|108
99
92
86
82|221
203
189
177
168|331
305
283
266
251|638
587
546
512
484|1020
935
870
816
771|1800
1650
1540
1440
1360|3670
3370
3140
2940
2780|6630
6100
5680
5330
5030|10 700
9880
9190
8620
8150|22 100
20 300
18 900
17 700
16 700|40 100
36 900
34 300
32 200
30 400|63 400
58 400
54 300
50 900
48CHBC § 8-1002.1 Medium relevance — show source text
8-1002.1 The CHBC shall apply to all sites and districts and their features associated with qualified historical buildings or qualified historical districts as outlined in 8-1001.2 Scope.
8-1002.2 Where the application of regular code may impact the associated features of qualified historical properties beyond their footprints, by work performed secondarily, those impacts shall also be covered by the CHBC.
8-1002.3 This chapter shall be applied for all issues regarding code compliance or other standard or regulation as they affect the purpose of this chapter.
8-1002.4 The application of any code or building standard shall not unduly restrict the use of a qualified historical building or property that is otherwise permitted pursuant to Chapter 8-3 and the intent of the State Historical Building Code, Section 18956.
SECTION 8-1003 — SITE RELATIONS
The relationship between a building or property and its site, or the associated features of a district (including qualified historical landscape), site, objects and their features are critical components that may be one of the criteria for these buildings and properties to be qualified under the CHBC. The CHBC recognizes the importance of these relationships. This chapter shall be used to provide context sensitive solutions for treatment of qualified historical buildings, properties, district or their associated historical features, or when work to be performed secondarily impacts the associated historical features of a qualified historical building or property.
2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE 23
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
24 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
APPENDIX A Col2 Col3 Col4 CHAPTER 8-6—TABLE 1—PROVISION APPLICABILITY CHAPTER 8-6—TABLE 1—PROVISION APPLICABILITY CHAPTER 8-6—TABLE 1—PROVISION APPLICABILITY CHAPTER 8-6—TABLE 1—PROVISION APPLICABILITY Title II
Public EntitiesTitle III
Private EntitiesTitle III
Barrier RemovalSECTION 8-601 PURPOSE, INTENT, SCOPE
**8-601.1 Purpose.**The purpose of the CHBC is to provide alternative regulations to facilitate
access and use by persons with disabilities to and throughout facilities designated as quali-
fied historical buildings or properties. These regulations require enforcing agencies to
accept alternatives to regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildings or
properties.
**8-601.2 Intent.**The intent of this chapter is to preserve the integrity of qualified historical
buildings and properties while providing access to and use by persons with disabilities.
**8-601.3 Scope.**The CHBC shall apply to every qualified historical building or property that
is required to provide access to persons with disabilities.
1.Provisions of this chapter do not apply to new construction or reconstruction/replicas of
historical buildings.
2. Where provisions of this chapter apply to alteration of qualified historical buildings or
properties, alteration is defined in_ California Building Code_ (CBC), Chapter 2.
**8-601.4 General application.CHBC § 22-1.1 Medium relevance — show source text
OR ROOF**
CONSTRUCTION|ITEM
NUMBER|CEILING CONSTRUCTION|THICKNESS OF FLOOR OR ROOF
SLAB (inches)|THICKNESS OF FLOOR OR ROOF
SLAB (inches)|THICKNESS OF FLOOR OR ROOF
SLAB (inches)|THICKNESS OF FLOOR OR ROOF
SLAB (inches)|MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
CEILING (inches)|MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
CEILING (inches)|MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
CEILING (inches)|MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
CEILING (inches)| |FLOOR OR ROOF
CONSTRUCTION|ITEM
NUMBER|CEILING CONSTRUCTION|**4 **
hours|**3 **
hours|**2 **
hours|**1 **
hour|**4 **
hours|**3 **
hours|**2 **
hours|**1 **
hour| |22. Steel joists, floor trusses
and flat or pitched roof
trusses spaced a maximum
24" o.c. with1/2" wood struc-
tural panels with exterior
glue applied at right angles
to top of joist or top chord of
trusses with No. 8 screws.
The wood structural panel
thickness shall be not less
than nominal1/2" nor less
than required by Chapter 23.|22-1.1|Base layer5/8" Type X gypsum board
applied at right angles to steel fram-
ing 24" on center with 1" Type S dry
wall screws spaced 24" on center.
Face layer5/8" Type X gypsum board
applied at right angles to steel fram-
ing attached through base layer with
15/8" Type S dry wall screws 12" on
center at end joints and intermediate
joints and 11/2" Type G dry wall screws
12 inches on center placed 2" back on
either side of face layer end joints.
Joints of the face layer are offset 24"
from the joints of the base layer.|—|—|—|Varies|—|—|—|11/4| |23. Wood I-joist (minimum
joist depth 91/4" with a mini-
mum flange depth of 15/16"
and a minimum flange
cross-sectional area of 2.25
square inches) at 24" o.c.
spacing with a minimum 1 ×
4 (3/4" × 3.5"actual) ledger
strip applied parallel to and
covering the bottom of the
bottom flange of each
member, tacked in place.CHBC § 8-9 Medium relevance — show source text
Bolt spacing shall not
exceed 6 feet (1830 mm) on center and shall not be less than 12 inches (305 mm) on center.
6. Other masonry based on tests or other substantiated data.
7. Embedded bolts to be tested as specified in regular code standards.
8. Stresses given may be increased for combinations of loads as specified in the regular code.
9. Adhesives shall be approved by the enforcing agency and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. All drilling dust shall be removed from drilled
holes prior to installation.|18 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
8-9 MECHANICAL, PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 8-901 — PURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPE
8-901.1 Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide regulations for the mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems of buildings designated as qualified historical buildings or properties. The CHBC requires enforcing agencies to accept any reasonable equivalent solutions to the regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildings or properties.
8-901.2 Intent. The intent of the CHBC is to preserve the integrity of qualified historical buildings or properties while providing a reasonable level of protection from fire, health and life safety hazards (hereinafter referred to as safety hazards) for the building occupants.
8-901.3 Scope. The CHBC shall be applied in conjunction with the regular code whenever compliance with the regular code is required for qualified historical buildings or properties.
8-901.4 Safety hazard. No person shall permit any safety hazard to exist on premises under their control, or fail to take immediate action to abate such hazard. Existing systems which constitute a safety hazard when operational may remain in place, provided they are completely and permanently rendered inoperative. Safety hazards created by inoperative systems shall not be permitted to exist. Requirements of the regular code concerning general regulations shall be complied with, except that the enforcing agency shall accept solutions which do not cause a safety hazard.
8-901.5 Energy conservation. Qualified historical buildings or properties covered by this part are exempted from compliance with energy conservation standards. When new nonhistorical lighting and space conditioning system components, devices, appliances and equipment are installed, they shall comply with the requirements of Title 24, Part 6, The California Energy Code, except where the historical significance or character-defining features are threatened.
SECTION 8-902 — MECHANICAL
8-902.1 General. Mechanical systems shall comply with the regular code unless otherwise modified by this chapter.
8-902.1.1 The provisions of the CHBC shall apply to the acceptance, location, installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement or addition of any heating, ventilating, air conditioning, domestic incinerators, kilns or miscellaneous heat-producing appliances or equipment within or attached to a historical building.
8-902.1.2 Existing systems which do not, in the opinion of the enforcing agency, constitute a safety hazard may remain in use.
8-902.1.3 The enforcing agency may approve any alternative to the CHBC which would achieve equivalent life safety.
8-902.2 Heating facilities. All dwelling-type occupancies covered under this chapter shall be provided with heating facilities. Woodburning or pellet stoves or fireplaces may be acceptable as heating facilities.
CHBC § 8-1001.1 Medium relevance — show source text
8-1001.1 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide regulations for the preservation, rehabilitation, restoration and reconstruction of associated historical features of qualified historical buildings, properties or districts (as defined in Chapter 8-2), and for which Chapters 8-3 through 8-9 of the CHBC may not apply.
8-1001.2 Scope. This chapter applies to the associated historical features of qualified historical buildings or properties such as historical districts that are beyond the buildings themselves which include, but are not limited to, natural features and designed site and landscape plans with natural and man-made landscape elements that support their function and aesthetics. This may include, but will not be limited to:
- Site plan layout configurations and relationships (pedestrian, equestrian and vehicular site circulation, topographical grades and drainage, and use areas).
- Landscape elements (plant materials, site structures other than the qualified historical building, bridges and their associated structures, lighting, water features, art ornamentation, and pedestrian, equestrian and vehicular surfaces).
- Functional elements (utility placement, erosion control and environmental mitigation measures).
SECTION 8-1002 — APPLICATION
8-1002.1 The CHBC shall apply to all sites and districts and their features associated with qualified historical buildings or qualified historical districts as outlined in 8-1001.2 Scope.
8-1002.2 Where the application of regular code may impact the associated features of qualified historical properties beyond their footprints, by work performed secondarily, those impacts shall also be covered by the CHBC.
8-1002.3 This chapter shall be applied for all issues regarding code compliance or other standard or regulation as they affect the purpose of this chapter.
8-1002.4 The application of any code or building standard shall not unduly restrict the use of a qualified historical building or property that is otherwise permitted pursuant to Chapter 8-3 and the intent of the State Historical Building Code, Section 18956.
SECTION 8-1003 — SITE RELATIONS
The relationship between a building or property and its site, or the associated features of a district (including qualified historical landscape), site, objects and their features are critical components that may be one of the criteria for these buildings and properties to be qualified under the CHBC. The CHBC recognizes the importance of these relationships. This chapter shall be used to provide context sensitive solutions for treatment of qualified historical buildings, properties, district or their associated historical features, or when work to be performed secondarily impacts the associated historical features of a qualified historical building or property.
2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE 23
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
24 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
California Historical Building Code Medium relevance — show source text
INPUT RATING LIMITS IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR**| |VENT
HEIGHT
H
(feet)|CONNECTOR
RISE
R
(feet)|FAN|FAN|NAT|FAN|FAN|NAT|FAN|FAN|NAT| |VENT
HEIGHT
H
(feet)|CONNECTOR
RISE
R
(feet)|Min|Max|Max|Min|Max|Max|Min|Max|Max| |6|2
4
6|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA|NA
NA
NA| |8|2
4
6|NA
471
478|NA
2737
3018|NA
1800
2180|NA
560
568|NA
3319
3665|NA
2180
2640|NA
662
669|NA
3957
4373|NA
2590
3130| |10|2
4
6|NA
486
494|NA
2887
3169|NA
1890
2290|NA
581
589|NA
3502
3849|NA
2280
2760|NA
686
694|NA
4175
4593|NA
2710
3270| |15|2
4
6|NA
523
533|NA
3197
3470|NA
2060
2510|NA
624
634|NA
3881
4216|NA
2490
3030|NA
734
743|NA
4631
5035|NA
2960
3600| |20|2
4
6|NA
554
567|NA
3447
3708|NA
2180
2650|NA
661
671|NA
4190
4511|NA
2630
3190|NA
772
785|NA
5005
5392|NA
3130
3790| |30|2
4
6|NA
619
632|NA
3840
4080|NA
2365
2875|NA
728
741|NA
4861
4976|NA
2860
3480|NA
847
860|NA
5606
5961|NA
3410
4150| |50|2
4CHBC § 8-301 Medium relevance — show source text
Section
8-301 Purpose and Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8-302 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8-303 Residential Occupancies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CHAPTER 8-4 FIRE PROTECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section
8-401 Purpose, Intent and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-402 Fire-resistive Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-403 Interior Finish Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-404 Wood Lath and Plaster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-405 Occupancy Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8-406 Maximum Floor Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-407 Vertical Shafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8-408 Roof Covering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8-409 Fire Alarm Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8-410 Automatic Sprinkler Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8-411 Other Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8-412 High-rise Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
CHAPTER 8-5 MEANS OF EGRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section
8-501 Purpose, Intent and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8-502 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8-503 Escape or Rescue Windows and Doors. . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8-504 Railings and Guardrails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
CHBC § 25.4 Medium relevance — show source text
Lintel spans in the table greater than 18 feet are shown for inter-
polation and information only.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa, Grade 40 = 280 MPa, Grade 60 = 420 MPa.
a. Where lintels are formed with waffle-grid forms, form material shall be removed, if necessary, to create top and bottom flanges of the lintel that are not less than 3 inches in
depth (in the vertical direction), are not less than 5 inches in width for 6-inch-nominal waffle-grid forms and not less than 7 inches in width for 8-inch-nominal waffle-grid
forms. See Figure R608.8(3). Flat form lintels shall be permitted in place of waffle-grid lintels. See Tables R608.8(2) through R608.8(5).
b. See Table R608.3 for tolerances permitted from nominal thicknesses and minimum dimensions and spacing of cores.
c. Table values are based on concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi. See Notes l and n. Table values are based on uniform loading. See Section
R608.8.2 for lintels supporting concentrated loads.
d. Deflection criterion is_L_/240, where_L_ is the clear span of the lintel in inches, or1/2 inch, whichever is less.
e. Linear interpolation is permitted between ground snow loads.
f. DR indicates design required. STL indicates stirrups required throughout lintel.
g. Lintel depth,D, is permitted to include the available height of wall located directly above the lintel, provided that the increased lintel depth spans the entire length of the
lintel.
h. Stirrups shall be fabricated from reinforcing bars with the same yield strength as that used for the main longitudinal reinforcement.
i. Lintels less than 24 inches in depth with stirrups shall be formed from flat-wall forms [see Tables R608.8(2) through R608.8(5)], or, if necessary, form material shall be
removed from waffle-grid forms so as to provide the required cover for stirrups. Allowable spans for lintels formed with flat-wall forms shall be determined from Tables
R608.8(2) through R608.8(5).
j. Where stirrups are required for 24-inch-deep lintels, the spacing shall not exceed 12 inches on center.
k. Allowable clear span without stirrups applicable to all lintels of the same depth,D. Top and bottom reinforcement for lintels without stirrups shall be not less than the least
amount of reinforcement required for a lintel of the same depth and loading condition with stirrups. All other spans require stirrups spaced at not more than_d_/2.
l. Where concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 3,000 psi is used, clear spans for lintels without stirrups shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.05.CHBC § 12.7 Medium relevance — show source text
Values are for strength level loads as defined in regular code standards.
2. Values may be adjusted for other fasteners when approved by the enforcing authority.
3. In addition to existing sheathing value.
4. Bolts to be1/2-inch (12.7 mm) minimum diameter.
5. Other bolt sizes, values and installation methods may be used provided a testing program is conducted in accordance with regular code standards. Bolt spacing shall not
exceed 6 feet (1830 mm) on center and shall not be less than 12 inches (305 mm) on center.
6. Other masonry based on tests or other substantiated data.
7. Embedded bolts to be tested as specified in regular code standards.
8. Stresses given may be increased for combinations of loads as specified in the regular code.
9. Adhesives shall be approved by the enforcing agency and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. All drilling dust shall be removed from drilled
holes prior to installation.|1. Values are for strength level loads as defined in regular code standards.
2. Values may be adjusted for other fasteners when approved by the enforcing authority.
3. In addition to existing sheathing value.
4. Bolts to be1/2-inch (12.7 mm) minimum diameter.
5. Other bolt sizes, values and installation methods may be used provided a testing program is conducted in accordance with regular code standards. Bolt spacing shall not
exceed 6 feet (1830 mm) on center and shall not be less than 12 inches (305 mm) on center.
6. Other masonry based on tests or other substantiated data.
7. Embedded bolts to be tested as specified in regular code standards.
8. Stresses given may be increased for combinations of loads as specified in the regular code.
9. Adhesives shall be approved by the enforcing agency and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. All drilling dust shall be removed from drilled
holes prior to installation.|18 2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
8-9 MECHANICAL, PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 8-901 — PURPOSE, INTENT AND SCOPE
8-901.1 Purpose. The purpose of the CHBC is to provide regulations for the mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems of buildings designated as qualified historical buildings or properties. The CHBC requires enforcing agencies to accept any reasonable equivalent solutions to the regular code when dealing with qualified historical buildings or properties.
8-901.2 Intent. The intent of the CHBC is to preserve the integrity of qualified historical buildings or properties while providing a reasonable level of protection from fire, health and life safety hazards (hereinafter referred to as safety hazards) for the building occupants.
8-901.3 Scope. The CHBC shall be applied in conjunction with the regular code whenever compliance with the regular code is required for qualified historical buildings or properties.
CHBC § 8-502.6 Medium relevance — show source text
8-502.6 New fire escapes and fire escape ladders. New fire escapes and fire escape ladders which comply with this section shall be acceptable as one of the required means of egress. New fire escapes and new fire escape ladders shall comply with the following:
- Access from a corridor shall not be through an intervening room.
- All openings within 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be protected by three-fourths-hour fire assemblies. When located within a recess or vestibule, adjacent enclosure walls shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction.
- Egress from the building shall be by a clear opening having a minimum dimension of not less than 29 inches (737 mm). Such openings shall be openable from the inside without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort. The sill of an opening giving access shall not be more than 30 inches (737 mm) above the floor, step or landing of the building or balcony.
- Fire escape stairways and balconies shall support the dead load plus a live load of not less than 100 pounds per square foot (4.79 kN/m [2] ) and shall be provided with a top and intermediate handrail on each side. The pitch of the stairway shall not exceed 72 degrees with a minimum width of 18 inches (457 mm). Treads shall not be less than 4 inches (102 mm) in width, and the rise between treads shall not exceed 10 inches (254 mm). All stair and balcony railings shall support a horizontal force of not less than 50 pounds per lineal foot (729.5 N/m [2] ) of railing.
- Balconies shall not be less than 44 inches (1118 mm) in width with no floor opening other than the stairway opening greater than [5] / 8 inch (15.9 mm) in width. Stairway openings in such balconies shall not be less than 22 inches by 44 inches (559 by 1118 mm). The balustrade of each balcony shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) high with not more than 9 inches (287 mm) between balusters.
- Fire escapes shall extend to the roof or provide an approved gooseneck ladder between the top floor landing and the roof when serving buildings four or more stories in height having roofs with less than 4 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (33.3 percent slope). Fire escape ladders shall be designed and connected to the building to withstand a horizontal force of 100 pounds (445 N) placed anywhere on the rung. All ladders shall be at least 15 inches (381 mm) wide, located within 12 inches (305 mm) of the building. Ladder rungs shall be [3] / 4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter and shall be located 12 inches (305 mm) on center. Openings for roof access ladders through cornices and similar projections shall have minimum dimensions of 30 inches by 33 inches (762 by 838 mm). The length of fire escapes and exit ladder devices shall be limited to that approved by the building official based on products listed by a recognized testing laboratory.
- The lowest balcony shall not be more than 18 feet (5486 mm) from the ground. Fire escapes shall extend to the ground or be provided with counterbalanced stairs reaching to the ground.
- Fire escapes shall not take the place of stairways required by the codes under which the building was constructed.
CHBC § 0.01 Medium relevance — show source text
This required depth shall continue for not less than [3] / 8 inch (10 mm) to a level that is not less than 1 [3] / 4 inches (45 mm) below the tallest portion of the profile. The width of the handrail above the recess shall be not less than 1 [1] / 4 inches (32 mm) to not greater than 2 [3] / 4 inches (70 mm). Edges shall have a minimum radius of 0.01 inch (0.25 mm).
1014.5 Continuity. Handrail gripping surfaces shall be continuous, without interruption by newel posts or other obstructions.
Exceptions:
- Within a dwelling unit that is not an Accessible unit, the continuity of handrail gripping surfaces is allowed to be interrupted by a newel post at a turn or landing.
- Within a dwelling unit, the use of a volute, turnout, starting easing or starting newel is allowed over the lowest tread.
- Handrail brackets or balusters attached to the bottom surface of the handrail that do not project horizontally beyond the sides of the handrail within 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) of the bottom of the handrail shall not be considered obstructions. For each [1] / 2 inch (12.7 mm) of additional handrail perimeter dimension above 4 inches (102 mm), the vertical clearance dimension of 1 [1] / 2 inches (38 mm) shall be permitted to be reduced by [1] / 8 inch (3.2 mm).
- Where handrails are provided along walking surfaces with slopes not steeper than 1:20, the bottoms of the handrail gripping surfaces shall be permitted to be obstructed along their entire length where they are integral to crash rails or bumper guards.
10-36 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
MEANS OF EGRESS
- Handrails serving stepped aisles or ramped aisles are permitted to be discontinuous in accordance with Section 1030.16.1.
1014.6 Fittings. Handrails shall not rotate within their fittings.
1014.7 Handrail extensions. Handrails shall return to a wall, guard or the walking surface or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent flight of stairs or ramp run. Where handrails are not continuous between flights, the handrails shall extend horizontally not less than 12 inches (305 mm) beyond the top landing nosing and continue to slope for the depth of one tread beyond the bottom tread nosing. At ramps where handrails are not continuous between runs, the handrails shall extend horizontally above the landing 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the top and bottom of ramp runs. The extensions of handrails shall be in the same direction of the flights of stairs at stairways and the ramp runs at ramps and shall extend the required minimum length before any change in direction or decrease in the clearance required by Section 1014.5 or 1014.8.
Exceptions:
Handrails within a dwelling unit that is not required to be accessible need extend only from the top riser to the bottom riser.
Handrails serving aisles in rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes are permitted to comply with the handrail extensions in accordance with Section 1030.16.
CHBC § 2.2.6 Medium relevance — show source text
Tabulated values are for clear-span roof supported solely by exterior bearing walls.
b. Spans are based on No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, Southern pine, hem-fir and spruce-pine-fir for repetitive (three or more) members.
c. Ratio of backspan to cantilever span shall be not less than 3:1.
d. Connections capable of resisting the indicated uplift force shall be provided at the backspan support.
e. Uplift force is for a backspan to cantilever span ratio of 3:1. Tabulated uplift values are permitted to be reduced by multiplying by a factor equal to 3 divided by the actual
backspan ratio provided (3/backspan ratio).
f. See Section R301.2.2.6, Item 1, for additional limitations on cantilevered floor joists for detached one- and two-family dwellings in Seismic Design Category D0, D1 or D2 and
townhouses in Seismic Design Category C, D0, D1 or D2.
g. Linear interpolation shall be permitted for building widths and ground snow loads other than shown.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa.
a. Tabulated values are for clear-span roof supported solely by exterior bearing walls.
b. Spans are based on No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, Southern pine, hem-fir and spruce-pine-fir for repetitive (three or more) members.
c. Ratio of backspan to cantilever span shall be not less than 3:1.
d. Connections capable of resisting the indicated uplift force shall be provided at the backspan support.
e. Uplift force is for a backspan to cantilever span ratio of 3:1. Tabulated uplift values are permitted to be reduced by multiplying by a factor equal to 3 divided by the actual
backspan ratio provided (3/backspan ratio).
f. See Section R301.2.2.6, Item 1, for additional limitations on cantilevered floor joists for detached one- and two-family dwellings in Seismic Design Category D0, D1 or D2 and
townhouses in Seismic Design Category C, D0, D1 or D2.
g. Linear interpolation shall be permitted for building widths and ground snow loads other than shown.|For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kPa.
a. Tabulated values are for clear-span roof supported solely by exterior bearing walls.
b. Spans are based on No. 2 Grade lumber of Douglas fir-larch, Southern pine, hem-fir and spruce-pine-fir for repetitive (three or more) members.
c. Ratio of backspan to cantilever span shall be not less than 3:1.
d. Connections capable of resisting the indicated uplift force shall be provided at the backspan support.
e. Uplift force is for a backspan to cantilever span ratio of 3:1. Tabulated uplift values are permitted to be reduced by multiplying by a factor equal to 3 divided by the actual
backspan ratio provided (3/backspan ratio).
f.CHBC § 8-602 Medium relevance — show source text
** The provisions in the CHBC apply to local, state and federal
governments (Title II entities); alteration of commercial facilities and places of public
accommodation (Title III entities); and barrier removal in commercial facilities and places of
public accommodation (Title III entities). Except as noted in this chapter.|Applies|Applies|Applies| |SECTION 8-602 — BASIC PROVISIONS
8-602.1 Regular code. The regular code for access for people with disabilities (Title 24, Part
2, Vol.1, Chapter 11B) shall be applied to qualified historical buildings or properties unless
strict compliance with the regular code will threaten or destroy the historical significance or
character-defining features of the building or property.
**8-602.2 Alternative provisions.**If the historical significance or character-defining features
are threatened, alternative provisions for access may be applied pursuant to this chapter,
provided the following conditions are met:
1.These provisions shall be applied only on an item-by-item or case-by-case basis.
2.Documentation is provided, including meeting minutes or letters, stating the reasons
for the application of the alternative provisions. Such documentation shall be retained
in the permanent file of the enforcing agency.|Applies|Applies|Applies| |Section 8-603 — ALTERNATIVES
**8-603.1 Alternative minimum standards.**The alternative minimum standards for alter-
ations of qualified historical buildings or facilities are referenced in Section 202.5 of the_ 2010_
ADA Standards for Accessible Design, as incorporated and set forth in federal regulation 28
CFR Pt. 36.
**8-603.2 Entry.**These alternatives do not allow exceptions for the requirement of level land-
ings in front of doors, except as provided in Section 8-603.4.
1.Access to any entrance used by the general public and no further than 200 feet (60 960
mm) from the primary entrance.
2.Access at any entrance not used by general public but open and unlocked with
directional signs at the primary entrance and as close as possible to, but no further than
200 feet (60 960 mm) from, the primary entrance.
3.The accessible entrance shall have a notification system. Where security is a problem,
remote monitoring may be used.|Applies|Applies|Applies| |**8-603.3 Doors.**Alternatives listed in order of priority are:
1.Single-leaf door which provides a minimum 30 inches (762 mm) of clear opening.
2.Single-leaf door which provides a minimum 291/2 inches (749 mm) clear opening.
3.Double door, one leaf of which provides a minimum 291/2 inches (749 mm) clear
opening.
4.Double doors operable with a power-assist device to provide a minimum 291/2 inches
(749 mm) clear opening when both doors are in the open position.
**Exception:**Alternatives in this section do not apply to alteration of commercial facilities
and places of public accommodation (Title III entities).|Does not
apply|Does not
apply|Applies|2025 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE 25
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
APPENDIX A
CHBC § 19.2 Medium relevance — show source text
AND**
GRADE|SPECIES AND
GRADE|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|SS|9-10|15-5|20-4|25-11|Note b|9-10|14-7|18-6|22-7|Note b| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#1|9-5|14-0|17-9|21-8|25-2|8-4|12-2|15-4|18-9|21-9| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#2|8-11|13-1|16-7|20-3|23-6|7-9|11-4|14-4|17-7|20-4| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#3|6-9|9-11|12-7|15-4|17-9|5-10|8-7|10-10|13-3|15-5| |19.2|Hem-Fir|SS|9-3|14-7|19-2|24-6|Note b|9-3|14-4|18-2|22-3|25-9| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#1|9-1|13-8|17-4|21-1|24-6|8-1|11-10|15-0|18-4|21-3| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#2|8-8|12-11|16-4|20-0|23-2|7-8|11-2|14-2|17-4|20-1| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#3|6-9|9-11|12-7|15-4|17-9|5-10|8-7|10-10|13-3|15-5| |19.2|Southern
Pine|SS|9-8|15-2|19-11|25-5|Note b|9-8|15-2|19-7|23-4|Note b| |19.2|Southern
Pine|#1|9-3|14-3|18-1|21-2|25-2|8-4|12-4|15-8|18-4|21-9| |19.2|Southern
Pine|#2|8-2|12-3|15-7|18-6|21-9|7-1|10-8|13-6|16-0|18-10| |19.2|Southern
Pine|#3|6-4|9-4|11-9|14-3|16-10|5-6|8-1|10-2|12-4|14-7| |19.CHBC § 7.62 Medium relevance — show source text
- For occupancies in Groups R-2 and R-3, within the interior conditioned space of individual dwelling units, where the open-sided walking surface is located not more than 25 feet (7.62 meters) measured vertically to the floor or walking surface below, required guards shall not be less than 36 inches (914 mm) in height measured vertically above the adjacent walking surface. 3. For occupancies in Group R-3, and within individual dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, where the top of the guard serves as a handrail on the open sides of stairs, the top of the guard shall be not less than 34 inches (864 mm) and not more than 38 inches (965 mm) measured vertically from a line connecting the nosings. 4. The guard height in assembly seating areas shall comply with Section 1030.17 as applicable. 5. Along alternating tread devices and ship’s ladders, guards where the top rail serves as a handrail shall have height not less than 30 inches (762 mm) and not more than 34 inches (864 mm), measured vertically from a line connecting the leading edge of the treads. 6. In Group F occupancies where exit access stairways serve fewer than three stories and such stairways are not open to the public, and where the top of the guard also serves as a handrail, the top of the guard shall be not less than 34 inches (864 mm) and not more than 38 inches (965 mm) measured vertically from a line connecting the nosings.
[BE] 1015.4 Opening limitations. Required guards shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter from the walking surface to the required guard height.
Exceptions:
- From a height of 36 inches (914 mm) to 42 inches (1067 mm), guards shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 4 [3] / 8 inches (111 mm) in diameter.
- The triangular openings at the open sides of a stair, formed by the riser, tread and bottom rail shall not allow passage of a sphere 6 inches (152 mm) in diameter.
- At elevated walking surfaces for access to and use of electrical, mechanical or plumbing systems or equipment, guards shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 21 inches (533 mm) in diameter.
- In areas that are not open to the public within occupancies in Group I-3, F, H or S, and for alternating tread devices and ship’s ladders, guards shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 21 inches (533 mm) in diameter.
- In assembly seating areas, guards required at the end of aisles in accordance with Section 1030.17.4 shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter up to a height of 26 inches (660 mm). From a height of 26 inches (660 mm) to 42 inches (1067 mm) above the adjacent walking surfaces, guards shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 8 inches (203 mm) in diameter.
- Within individual dwelling units and sleeping units in Group R-2 and R-3 occupancies, guards on the open sides of stairs shall not have openings that allow passage of a sphere 4 [3] / 8 (111 mm) inches in diameter. 7. [SFM] In lifeguard towers not open to the public, guards shall not have openings which allow passage of a sphere 21 inches (533 mm) in diameter.
CHBC § 1030.17.4 Medium relevance — show source text
1030.17.4 Guards at the end of aisles. A fascia or railing system complying with the guard requirements of Section 1015 shall be provided for the full width of the aisle where the foot of the aisle is more than 30 inches (762 mm) above the floor or grade below. The fascia or railing shall be not less than 36 inches (914 mm) high and shall provide not less than 42 inches (1067 mm) measured diagonally between the top of the rail and the nosing of the nearest tread.
SECTION 1031—EMERGENCY ESCAPE AND RESCUE
1031.1 General. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall comply with the requirements of this section.
1031.2 Where required. In addition to the means of egress required by this chapter, emergency escape and rescue openings shall be provided in Group R occupancies .
Basements and sleeping rooms below the fourth story above grade plane shall have not fewer than one emergency escape and rescue opening in accordance with this section. Where basements contain one or more sleeping rooms, an emergency escape and rescue opening shall be required in each sleeping room, but shall not be required in adjoining areas of the basement. Such open
2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 10-59
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
MEANS OF EGRESS
ings shall open directly into a public way or to a yard or court that opens to a public way, or to an egress balcony that leads to a public way.
Exceptions: 1. In Groups R-1 and R-2 occupancies constructed of Type I, Type IIA, Type IIIA or Type IV construction equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. 2. Group R-2.1 occupancies meeting the requirements for delayed egress in accordance with Section 1010.2.13 may have oper- able windows that are breakable in sleeping rooms permanently restricted to a maximum of 4-inch open position. 3 . Basements with a ceiling height of less than 80 inches (2032 mm) shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings. 4 . Emergency escape and rescue openings are not required from basements or sleeping rooms that have an exit door or exit access door that opens directly into a public way or to a yard, court or exterior egress balcony that leads to a public
way. 5 . Basements without habitable spaces and having not more than 200 square feet (18.6 m [2] ) in floor area shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings. 6 . Storm shelters are not required to comply with this section where the shelter is constructed in accordance with ICC 500. 7 . Within individual dwelling and sleeping units in Groups R-2 and R-3, where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, 903.3.1.2 or 903.3.1.3, sleeping rooms in basements shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings provided that the basement has one of the following: 7.1. One means of egress and one emergency escape and rescue opening. 7.2. Two means of egress. 8. In Group R-2.2 occupancies a certified fire escape is acceptable as a secondary means of egress for existing buildings for this section of the code.
CHBC § 8-5 Medium relevance — show source text
AND**
GRADE|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)|(ft. - in.)| |16—
continued|Spruce-
Pine-Fir|SS|8-5|13-3|17-5|22-1|25-7|8-5|12-9|16-2|19-9|22-10| |16—
continued|Spruce-
Pine-Fir|#1|8-2|11-11|15-1|18-5|21-5|7-3|10-8|13-6|16-6|19-2| |16—
continued|Spruce-
Pine-Fir|#2|8-2|11-11|15-1|18-5|21-5|7-3|10-8|13-6|16-6|19-2| |16—
continued|Spruce-
Pine-Fir|#3|6-2|9-0|11-5|13-11|16-2|5-6|8-1|10-3|12-6|14-6| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|SS|8-7|13-6|17-9|21-8|25-2|8-7|12-6|15-10|19-5|22-6| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#1|7-11|11-8|14-9|18-0|20-11|7-1|10-5|13-2|16-1|18-8| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#2|7-5|10-11|13-9|16-10|19-6|6-8|9-9|12-4|15-1|17-6| |19.2|Douglas
Fir-Larch|#3|5-7|8-3|10-5|12-9|14-9|5-0|7-4|9-4|11-5|13-2| |19.2|Hem-Fir|SS|8-1|12-9|16-9|21-4|24-8|8-1|12-4|15-7|19-1|22-1| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#1|7-9|11-4|14-4|17-7|20-4|6-11|10-2|12-10|15-8|18-2| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#2|7-4|10-9|13-7|16-7|19-3|6-7|9-7|12-2|14-10|17-3| |19.2|Hem-Fir|#3|5-7|8-3|10-5|12-9|14-9|5-0|7-4|9-4|11-5|13-2| |19.
Frequently asked questions
May I keep a historic railing that is only 30 inches high?
Yes — under § 8-504 the CHBC permits retention of historical railing heights (for example, 30 inches) unless a distinct hazard is identified or a change in use/occupancy creates one.
If I change a building from a residence to a business, must I upgrade railings?
Possibly. A change in use or occupancy can create a distinct hazard that requires upgrading historic railings; the enforcing agency will evaluate the risk and the need for changes under the CHBC (see § 8-102.1.4 and § 8-504).
Are there any CHBC sections that do set specific railing dimensions?
Yes—some CHBC subsections do give specific dimensions for particular features. Example: § 8-502.6(5) specifies 36 in balustrade height and not more than 9 in between balusters for certain balconies. Use the specific subsection that applies to the element you’re assessing.
Does CHBC override accessibility or regular code requirements?
CHBC provides alternatives where strict regular-code compliance would threaten historic character; these are applied item‑by‑item and require documentation. See § 8-602.1–8-602.2.
What documentation should I expect the authority to require when retaining historic railings?
The enforcing agency typically expects item-by-item documentation explaining why alternatives/retention are appropriate — meeting minutes, reports, or letters supporting the decision — per § 8-602.2.
More in California Historical Building Code
Ask about the CHBC
Get cited, plain-English answers on the California Historical Building Code for your project — any code section, any scenario.
Start Free Trial