CFC · California Fire Code

What to do when a referenced standard conflicts with the CFC

If a referenced standard contradicts the California Fire Code, follow the CFC — it controls conflicts and prevails when the standard covers subject matter within the CFC’s scope; document the disagreement and consult the code official.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2-4 sentences

When a referenced code or standard contradicts the California Fire Code, the provisions of this code control. The rule is stated plainly in § 102.7.1: “Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.” Further, when a referenced standard covers subject matter within the CFC’s scope, the CFC takes precedence under § 102.7.2.

If a referenced standard and the California Fire Code disagree, follow the California Fire Code — it controls where they conflict.

Requirements in detail

The short rule (what to do)

  • If you find a conflict between a referenced standard and the CFC, apply the CFC provision. See § 102.7.1.
  • If the referenced document includes subject matter that falls within the scope of the CFC, the CFC provision takes precedence. See § 102.7.2.

Decision-relevant dimensions

Decision dimension What to check Outcome under the CFC Code Reference
Is there a direct wording conflict? Compare text side-by-side (CFC vs referenced standard). Apply the CFC. § 102.7.1 controls. § 102.7.1
Does the referenced standard address subject matter already within the CFC’s scope? Determine whether the referenced standard’s subject falls into chapters/topics the CFC regulates. CFC provisions take precedence for that subject. § 102.7.2
Is the subject not regulated by the CFC? If the CFC is silent on the topic, check other adopted laws/standards and get approval. Use approved consensus standards as prima facie evidence, but the code official determines compliance. § 102.8 and related administration sections
Does a manufacturer’s listing or label conflict with code enforcement? Check listing conditions and manufacturer instructions. Where enforcement violates a listing condition, the listing may govern only where the code’s implementing documents provide that exception (see related codes). See related provisions and code official authority in administration sections

Practical steps for the code user (contractor, designer, code official)

  1. Identify the specific sections in the referenced standard and the CFC that conflict.
  2. Document the conflict (quote both provisions).
  3. Apply the CFC provision where they conflict, citing § 102.7.1.
  4. If the referenced standard’s topic is within the CFC’s scope, state that the CFC takes precedence per § 102.7.2 and proceed accordingly.
  5. If the matter is not addressed in the CFC, prepare a rationale and evidence (test data, listed product listing, manufacturer’s instructions, or a technical report) for the code official’s review. The code official may require technical opinions or reports to determine compliance.

Exceptions & special cases

  • The CFC text establishes the precedence rule but does not list a general procedural exception that lets a referenced standard override the CFC. The plain language of § 102.7.1 and § 102.7.2 is firm: the CFC applies where conflicts occur and takes precedence for matters within its scope.
  • When the CFC does not regulate a subject at all, other adopted, approved, nationally recognized standards can serve as prima facie evidence of compliance; however, the code official retains authority to determine compliance and require technical documentation. See the code’s applicability and administration chapters for that authority.
  • Local amendments and more-restrictive local laws may apply; they are not superseded by referenced standards and must be reconciled consistent with state law and the CFC’s administration rules.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming a nationally recognized standard always controls the installation — incorrect. If the CFC and the standard conflict, the CFC prevails (misreading of § 102.7.1).
  • Failing to check whether the referenced standard’s subject is within the CFC scope — you must check scope because § 102.7.2 gives the CFC priority when scope overlaps.
  • Not documenting the conflict for the record — if the code official later requests justification, you need the side‑by‑side comparison, product listings, or technical reports. The code authorizations in administrative sections support requiring such documentation.

Worked example — concrete scenario

Scenario: A fire-suppression manufacturer’s installation standard (a referenced standard) specifies 3 in. of clearance around a backflow device; the California Fire Code requires 1 in. clearance for the same device in the installation location.

Step 1 — Identify conflict: The two provisions directly conflict on the clearance dimension.
Step 2 — Apply the CFC: Because there is a direct conflict, apply the CFC requirement — the 1 in. clearance required by the CFC must be followed. Cite § 102.7.1.
Step 3 — Check scope: The referenced standard covers an installation subject that is within the CFC’s scope (fire protection equipment installation). Under § 102.7.2, the CFC takes precedence for that subject, confirming the decision.
Step 4 — If the manufacturer’s listing or label would be violated by applying the CFC dimension, provide the listing and discuss with the code official. The code official may require a technical opinion or accept the listing only if consistent with other code provisions and local authority.

Related provisions

  • § 102.7 — Referenced codes and standards (lists that referenced documents are part of the code to the prescribed extent).
  • § 102.7.1 — Conflicts: CFC provisions apply where conflicts occur.
  • § 102.7.2 — Provisions in referenced codes and standards: CFC takes precedence where the reference covers subject matter within the CFC’s scope.
  • § 102.8 — Subjects not regulated by the CFC: other standards may be used as prima facie evidence when the CFC is silent.
  • Administrative chapters on the authority of the code official — the code official can require technical reports and determine compliance.

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 102.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    [A] 102.5 Application of residential code. Where structures are designed and constructed in accordance with the California Residen- tial Code, the provisions of this code shall apply as follows:

    1. Construction and design provisions of this code pertaining to the exterior of the structure shall apply including, but not limited to, premises identification, fire apparatus access and water supplies. Where interior or exterior systems or devices are installed, construction permits required by Section 105.6 shall apply.
    2. Administrative, operational and maintenance provisions of this code shall apply.

    [A] 102.6 Historic buildings. The provisions of this code relating to the construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings or structures shall not be mandatory for existing buildings or structures identified and classified by the state or local jurisdiction as historic buildings where such buildings or structures do not constitute a distinct hazard to life or property. Fire protection in designated historic buildings shall be provided with an approved fire protection plan as required in Section 1103.1.1.

    [A] 102.7 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be those that are listed in Chapter 80, and such codes and standards shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated by Sections 102.7.1 and 102.7.2.

    [A] 102.7.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

    [A] 102.7.2 Provisions in referenced codes and standards. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code, the provisions of this code, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced code or standard.

    [A] 102.8 Subjects not regulated by this code. Where applicable standards or requirements are not set forth in this code, or are contained within other laws, codes, regulations, ordinances or bylaws adopted by the jurisdiction, compliance with applicable standards of the National Fire Protection Association or other nationally recognized fire safety standards, as approved, shall be deemed as prima facie evidence of compliance with the intent of this code. Nothing herein shall derogate from the authority of the fire code official to determine compliance with codes or standards for those activities or installations within the fire code official’s jurisdiction or responsibility.

    [A] 102.9 Matters not provided for. Requirements that are essential for the public safety of an existing or proposed activity, building or structure, or for the safety of the occupants thereof, that are not specifically provided for by this code, shall be determined by the fire code official.

    [A] 102.10 Conflicting provisions. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Where, in a specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.

    [A] 102.11 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.

    [A] 102.12 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code.

    102.13 Wildland-urban interface. The provisions of the California Wildland-Urban Interface Code shall apply to buildings and struc- tures built in the wildland-urban interface.

  • CFC § 102.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SECTION 102—APPLICABILITY

    [A] 102.1 Construction and design provisions. The construction and design provisions of this code shall apply to:

    1. Structures, facilities and conditions arising after the adoption of this code.
    2. Existing structures, facilities and conditions not legally in existence at the time of adoption of this code.
    3. Existing structures, facilities and conditions where required in Chapter 11.
    4. Existing structures, facilities and conditions that, in the opinion of the fire code official, constitute a distinct hazard to life or property.

    [A] 102.2 Administrative, operational and maintenance provisions. The administrative, operational and maintenance provisions of this code shall apply to:

    1. Conditions and operations arising after the adoption of this code.
    2. Existing conditions and operations.

    [A] 102.3 Change of use or occupancy. A change of occupancy shall not be made unless the use or occupancy is made to comply with the requirements of this code and the California Existing Building Code .

    Exception: Where approved by the fire code official, a change of occupancy shall be permitted without complying with the requirements of this code and the California Existing Building Code, provided that the new or proposed use or occupancy is less hazardous, based on life and fire risk, than the existing use or occupancy.

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    DIVISION II—SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION

    [A] 102.4 Application of building code. The design and construction of new structures shall comply with the California Building Code, and any alterations, additions, changes in use or changes in structures required by this code, which are within the scope of the California Building Code, shall be made in accordance therewith.

    [A] 102.5 Application of residential code. Where structures are designed and constructed in accordance with the California Residen- tial Code, the provisions of this code shall apply as follows:

    1. Construction and design provisions of this code pertaining to the exterior of the structure shall apply including, but not limited to, premises identification, fire apparatus access and water supplies. Where interior or exterior systems or devices are installed, construction permits required by Section 105.6 shall apply.
    2. Administrative, operational and maintenance provisions of this code shall apply.

    [A] 102.6 Historic buildings. The provisions of this code relating to the construction, alteration, repair, enlargement, restoration, relocation or moving of buildings or structures shall not be mandatory for existing buildings or structures identified and classified by the state or local jurisdiction as historic buildings where such buildings or structures do not constitute a distinct hazard to life or property. Fire protection in designated historic buildings shall be provided with an approved fire protection plan as required in Section 1103.1.1.

    [A] 102.7 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be those that are listed in Chapter 80, and such codes and standards shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated by Sections 102.7.1 and 102.7.2.

    [A] 102.7.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

  • CFC § 101.4.8 Medium relevance — show source text

    [OSHPD 1R, 2, 4 & 5] The provisions of the California Existing Building Code, Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 shall apply to all matters govern- ing the repairs, alterations, change of occupancy, additions and relocation of existing structures and portions thereof under OSHPD jurisdiction.

    101.4.8 Wildland-urban interface. The provisions of Part 7, the California Wildland-Urban Interface Code shall apply to buildings and structures built in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) or a Fire Hazard Severity Zone.

    SECTION 102—APPLICABILITY

    [A] 102.1 General. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.

    [A] 102.2 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.

    [A] 102.3 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code.

    [A] 102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections 102.4.1 through 102.4.4.

    [A] 102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

    [A] 102.4.2 Provisions in referenced codes and standards. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code or the California Codes specified in Section 101.4, the provisions of this code or the California Codes specified in Section 101.4, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced code or standard.

    102.4.3 Code references. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] All reference to International Codes or other similar codes in referenced standards shall be replaced by equivalent provisions in the California Building Standards Codes.

    102.4.4 Reference in standards. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] All references listed in reference standards shall be replaced by referenced standards listed in Chapter 35 of this code, where applicable, and shall include all amendments to the reference standards in this code.

    [A] 102.5 Partial invalidity. In the event that any part or provision of this code is held to be illegal or void, this shall not have the effect of making void or illegal any of the other parts or provisions.

    [A] 102.6 Existing structures. The legal occupancy of any structure existing on the date of adoption of this code shall be permitted to continue without change, except as otherwise specifically provided in this code, the California Existing Building Code or the Cali- fornia Fire Code .

  • CFC § 102.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    [A] 102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections 102.4.1 and 102.4.2.

    Exception: Where enforcement of a code provision would violate the conditions of the listing of the equipment or appliance, the conditions of the listing shall govern.

    [A] 102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

    [A] 102.4.2 Conflicting provisions. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code, the provisions of this code, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced code or standard.

    [A] 102.5 Partial invalidity. In the event that any part or provision of this code is held to be illegal or void, this shall not have the effect of making void or illegal any of the other parts or provisions.

    PART 2—ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

    SECTION 103—CODE COMPLIANCE AGENCY

    [A] 103.1 Creation of agency. The [ INSERT NAME OF DEPARTMENT ] is hereby created, and the official in charge thereof shall be known as the code official. The function of the agency shall be the implementation, administration and enforcement of the provisions of this code.

    [A] 103.2 Appointment. The code official shall be appointed by the chief appointing authority of the jurisdiction.

    [A] 103.3 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction and with the concurrence of the appointing authority, the code official shall have the authority to appoint a deputy code official, other related technical officers, inspectors and other employees. Such employees shall have powers as delegated by the code official.

    SECTION 104—DUTIES AND POWERS OF CODE OFFICIAL

    [A] 104.1 General. The code official is hereby authorized and directed to enforce the provisions of this code.

    [A] 104.2 Determination of compliance. The code official shall have the authority to determine compliance with this code, to render interpretations of this code and to adopt policies and procedures in order to clarify the application of this code’s provisions. Such interpretations, policies, and procedures:

    1. Shall be in compliance with the intent and purpose of this code.
    2. Shall not have the effect of waiving requirements specifically provided for in this code.

    [A] 104.2.1 Listed compliance. Where this code or a referenced standard requires equipment, materials, products or services to be listed and a listing standard is specified, the listing shall be based on the specified standard. Where a listing standard is not specified, the listing shall be based on an approved listing criteria. Listings shall be germane to the provision requiring the listing. Installation shall be in accordance with the listing and the manufacturer’s instructions, and where required to verify compliance, the listing standard and manufacturer’s instructions shall be made available to the code official.

    [A] 104.2.2 Technical assistance. To determine compliance with this code, the code official is authorized to require the owner or owner’s authorized agent to provide a technical opinion and report.

    [A] 104.2.2.1 Cost. A technical opinion and report shall be provided without charge to the jurisdiction.

  • CFC § 508.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    Exception: The following shall be permitted to be constructed in accordance with this code where provided with an automatic sprinkler system complying with Section R309 :

    1. Live/work units located in townhouses and complying with the requirements of Section 508.5 of the California Building Code.

    2. Owner-occupied lodging houses with five or fewer guestrooms.

    3. A care facility with five or fewer persons receiving custodial care within a dwelling unit.

    4. A care facility with five or fewer persons receiving medical care within a dwelling unit.

    5. A day care facility for five or fewer persons of any age receiving care within a dwelling unit.

    R101.2.1 Appendices. Provisions in the appendices shall not apply unless specifically adopted.

    R101.3 Purpose. The purpose of this code is to establish minimum requirements to provide a reasonable level of safety, health and general welfare through affordability, structural strength, means of egress, stability, sanitation, light and ventilation, energy conservation and safety to life and property from fire and other hazards and to provide a reasonable level of safety to firefighters and emergency responders during emergency operations.

    SECTION R102—APPLICABILITY

    R102.1 General. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.

    R102.2 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.

    R102.3 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code.

    R102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections R102.4.1 and R102.4.2.

    Exception: Where enforcement of a code provision would violate the conditions of the listing of the equipment or appliance, the conditions of the listing and manufacturer’s instructions shall apply.

    R102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

    R102.4.2 Provisions in referenced codes and standards. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code, the provisions of this code, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced code or standard.

    R102.5 Partial invalidity. In the event any part or provision of this code is held to be illegal or void, this shall not have the effect of making void or illegal any of the other parts or provisions.

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    DIVISION II SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION

    R102.6 Existing structures. The legal occupancy of any structure existing on the date of adoption of this code shall be permitted to continue without change, except as is specifically covered in this code, the International Property Maintenance Code or the California Fire Code, or as is deemed necessary by the building official for the general safety and welfare of the occupants and the public.

  • CFC § 4.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    R102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections R102.4.1 and R102.4.2.

    Exception: Where enforcement of a code provision would violate the conditions of the listing of the equipment or appliance, the conditions of the listing and manufacturer’s instructions shall apply.

    R102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

    R102.4.2 Provisions in referenced codes and standards. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code, the provisions of this code, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced code or standard.

    R102.5 Partial invalidity. In the event any part or provision of this code is held to be illegal or void, this shall not have the effect of making void or illegal any of the other parts or provisions.

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    DIVISION II SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION

    R102.6 Existing structures. The legal occupancy of any structure existing on the date of adoption of this code shall be permitted to continue without change, except as is specifically covered in this code, the International Property Maintenance Code or the California Fire Code, or as is deemed necessary by the building official for the general safety and welfare of the occupants and the public.

    R102.6.1 Additions, alterations, change of use or repairs. Additions, alterations or repairs to any structure shall conform to the requirements for a new structure without requiring the existing structure to comply with the requirements of this code, unless otherwise stated. Additions, alterations, repairs and relocations shall not cause an existing structure to become less compliant with the provisions of this code than the existing building or structure was prior to the addition, alteration or repair. Where additions, alterations or changes of use to an existing structure result in a use, occupancy, height or means of egress outside the scope of this code, the building shall comply with the California Existing Building Code .

    R102.7 Wildland-Urban Interface. The provisions of Part 7, California Wildland-Urban Interface Code shall apply to buildings and struc- tures built in the wildland-urban interface (WUI).

    PART 2—ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

    SECTION R103—CODE COMPLIANCE AGENCY

    R103.1 Creation of agency. The [ INSERT NAME OF DEPARTMENT ] is hereby created and the official in charge thereof shall be known as the building official. The function of the agency shall be the implementation, administration and enforcement of the provisions of this code.

    R103.2 Appointment. The building official shall be appointed by the chief appointing authority of the jurisdiction.

    R103.3 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction and with the concurrence of the appointing authority, the building official shall have the authority to appoint a deputy building official, other related technical officers, inspectors and other employees. Such employees shall have powers as delegated by the building official.

    SECTION R104—DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL

  • CFC § 101.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    [A] 101.5 Additions or alterations. Additions or alterations shall be permitted to be made to any building or structure without requiring the existing building or structure to comply with all of the requirements of this code, provided that the addition or alteration conforms to that required for a new building or structure.

    Exception: Provisions of this code that specifically apply to existing conditions are retroactive.

    Additions or alterations shall not be made to an existing building or structure that will cause the existing building or structure to be in violation of any of the provisions of this code nor shall such additions or alterations cause the existing building or structure to become unsafe. An unsafe condition shall be deemed to have been created if an addition or alteration will cause the existing building or structure to become structurally unsafe or overloaded; will not provide adequate access in compliance with the provisions of this code or will obstruct existing exits or access; will create a fire hazard; will reduce required fire resistance or will otherwise create conditions dangerous to human life.

    [A] 101.6 Maintenance. Buildings, structures, landscape materials, vegetation, defensible space or other devices or safeguards required by this code shall be maintained in conformance to the code edition under which installed. The owner or the owner’s authorized agent shall be responsible for the maintenance of buildings, structures, landscape materials and vegetation.

    SECTION 102—APPLICABILITY

    [A] 102.1 General. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall govern. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.

    [A] 102.2 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.

    [A] 102.3 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code.

    [A] 102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be those that are listed in Chapter 7 and such codes and standards shall be considered as part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections 102.4.1 and 102.4.2.

    [A] 102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and the referenced standards, the provisions of this code shall govern.

    [A] 102.4.2 Provisions in referenced codes and standards. Where the extent of the reference to a referenced code or standard includes subject matter that is within the scope of this code, the provisions of this code, as applicable, shall take precedence over the provisions in the referenced standard.

    [A] 102.5 Subjects not regulated by this code. Where applicable standards or requirements are not set forth in this code, or are contained within other laws, codes, regulations, ordinances or policies adopted by the jurisdiction, compliance with applicable standards of other nationally recognized safety standards, as approved, shall be deemed as prima facie evidence of compliance with the intent of this code. Nothing herein shall derogate from the authority of the code official to determine compliance with codes or standards for those activities or installations within the code official’s jurisdiction or responsibility.

  • CFC § 1.1.6 Medium relevance — show source text

    1.1.6 Nonbuilding standards, orders and regulations. Requirements contained in the California Fire Code, or in any other referenced stan- dard, code or document, which are not building standards as defined in Health and Safety Code, Section 18909 shall not be construed as part of the provisions of this code. For nonbuilding standards, orders and regulations, see other titles of the California Code of Regulations.

    1.1.7 Order of precedence and use.

    1.1.7.1 Differences. In the event of any differences between these building standards and the standard reference documents, the text of these building standards shall govern.

    1.1.7.2 Specific provisions. Where a specific provision varies from a general provision, the specific provision shall apply.

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    DIVISION I—CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

    1.1.7.3 Conflicts. When the requirements of this code conflict with the requirements of any other part of the California Building Stan- dards Code, Title 24, the most restrictive requirements shall prevail.

    1.1.7.3.1. Detached one- and two-family dwellings, efficiency dwelling units, lodging houses, live/work units, townhouses not more than three stories above grade plane with a separate means of egress, and their accessory structures, may be designed and constructed in accordance with the California Building Code or the California Residential Code, but not both, unless the proposed structure(s) or element(s) exceed the design limitations established in the California Residential Code, and the code user is specially directed by the California Residential Code to use the California Building Code.

    1.1.8 City, county or city and county amendments, additions or deletions. The provisions of this code do not limit the authority of city, county or city and county governments to establish more restrictive and reasonably necessary differences to the provisions contained in this code pursuant to complying with Section 1.1.8.1. The effective date of amendments, additions or deletions to this code of a city, county or a city and county filed pursuant to Section 1.1.8.1 shall be the date filed. However, in no case shall the amend- ments, additions or deletions to this code be effective any sooner than the effective date of this code.

    Local modifications shall comply with Health and Safety Code, Section 18941.5 for Building Standards Law, Health and Safety Code, Section 17958 for State Housing Law or Health and Safety Code, Section 13869.7 for Fire Protection Districts.

    1.1.8.1 Findings and filings. 1. The city, county or city and county shall make express findings for each amendment, addition or deletion based upon climatic, topographical or geological conditions. Exception: Hazardous building ordinances and programs mitigating unreinforced masonry buildings. 2. The city, county or city and county shall file the amendments, additions or deletions expressly marked and identified as to the applicable findings. Cities, counties, cities and counties and fire departments shall file the amendments, additions or deletions, and the findings with the California Building Standards Commission at 2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130, Sacramento, CA 95833.

  • CFC § 504.9 Medium relevance — show source text

    E2707—2022: Standard Test Method for Determining Fire Penetration of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Direct Flame Impingement Exposure

    504.5, 504.9, 504.9.3

    E2726/E2726M—2012a(2017): Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Fire Test Response of Deck Structures to Burning Brands

    504.7.3.2, 504.7.3.3, 504.7.3.3.2

    E2768—11(2018): Standard Test Method for Extended Duration Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials (30 min Tunnel Test)

    503.2.4

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    REFERENCED STANDARDS

    E2886/E2886M—20: Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement

    504.10.1

    E2957—2017 : Standard Test Method for Resistance to Wildfire Penetration of Eaves, Soffits and Other Projections

    504.3, 504.7, 504.7.1, 504.7.2

    G155—2021: Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Materials

    504.9.2

    ICC International Code Council, Inc., 200 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 250, Washington, DC 20001

    CBC—2025: California Building Code

    1.1.7.3.1, 1.11.2.1.2, 1.11.3.4, 1.11.6 – 1.11.10, 101.3.1, 102.8, 105.1, 105.3, 106.3, 202, 404.10.3, 501.1, 501.3, 503.1, 503.2.2, 503.2.3, 504.2.1.2, 504.3, 504.3.1, 504.5, 504.5.2, 504.6, 504.7, 504.7.3.2, 504.8, 504.11, 504.11.1

    CEBC—2025: California Existing Building Code

    1.11.3.4, 102.8, 201.3

    CFC—2025: California Fire Code

    1.11.3.4, 1.11.9, 1.11.10, 102.8, 105.1, 201.3, 202, 402.1.1, 402.1.2, 402.2.1, 402.2.2, 403.2.4, 404.2, 404.4, 404.5, 404.10.3, 606.1, 606.2

    CRC—2025: California Residential Code

    1.1.7.3.1, 102.8

    NFPA National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471

  • CFC § 1.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    APPENDIX H—REFERENCED CALIFORNIA DOCUMENTS

    2025 CWUIC—continued Col2 Adopted
    Yes/No    		 IWUIC
    Section    		 CBC
    Section    		 CFC
    Section    		 Title 14,
    Division 1.5
    Section    		 Title 19,
    Division 1
    Section    		 Gov Code
    Section    		 PRC
    Section    		 HSC
    Section
    Section Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title
    Chapter 1 Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration Division I—California Administration
    1.12 Board of Forestry N
    1.12.1 BoF—Board of
    Forestry    		 N 1270.00
    1270.01
    1270.02
    1270.03
    1270.04
    1270.05
    1270.06
    1270.07
    1270.08
    1.12.2 Agency Identification N
    Chapter 1 _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration
    101 Scope and general
    requirements
    101.1 Title Y
    101.2 Scope Y 701A.1 4901.1
    101.2.1 Appendices N
    101.3 Purpose N 701A.2 4901.2
    101.3.1 Application Y 701A.3
    101.3.1.1 Application date and
    where required    		 Y 701A.3.1
    101.4 Retroactivity N
    101.5 Additions or
    alterations    		 N
    101.6 Maintenance Y
    102 Applicability Y
    102.1 General Y
    102.2 Other laws Y
    102.3 Application of
    references    		 N
    102.4 Referenced codes
    and standards    		 N
    102.4.1 Conflicts N
    102.4.2 Provisions in
    referenced codes and
    standards    		 N
    102.
  • CFC § 701A.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    1_|Title|Y||||||||| |101.2|Scope|Y||701A.1|4901.1|||||| |101.2.1|Appendices|N||||||||| |101.3|Purpose|N||701A.2|4901.2|||||| |101.3.1|Application|Y||701A.3||||||| |101.3.1.1|Application date and
    where required|Y||701A.3.1||||||| |101.4|Retroactivity|N||||||||| |101.5|Additions or
    alterations|N||||||||| |101.6|Maintenance|Y||||||||| |102|Applicability|Y||||||||| |102.1|General|Y||||||||| |102.2|Other laws|Y||||||||| |102.3|Application of
    references|N||||||||| |102.4|Referenced codes
    and standards|N||||||||| |102.4.1|Conflicts|N||||||||| |102.4.2|Provisions in
    referenced codes and
    standards|N||||||||| |102.5|Subjects not
    regulated by this code|N|||102.8|||||| |102.6|Matters not provided
    for|Y|||102.9|||||| |102.7|Partial invalidity|N||||||||| |102.8|Existing conditions|N||||||||| |103|Code compliance
    agency|N||||||||| |103.1|Creation of agency|N||||||||| |103.2|Appointment|N||||||||| |103.3|Deputies|N||||||||| |104|Duties and powers of
    the code official|N||||||||| |104.1|Powers and duties of
    the code official|N||||||||| |104.2|Determination of
    compliance|N||||||||| |104.2.1|Technical assistance|N||||||||| |104.2.1.1|Cost|N|||||||||

    2025 CALIFORNIA WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE CODE APPENDIX H-21

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    APPENDIX H—REFERENCED CALIFORNIA DOCUMENTS

    2025 CWUIC—continued Col2 Adopted
    Yes/No    		 IWUIC
    Section    		 CBC
    Section    		 CFC
    Section    		 Title 14,
    Division 1.5
    Section    		 Title 19,
    Division 1
    Section    		 Gov Code
    Section    		 PRC
    Section    		 HSC
    Section
    Section Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title Title
    Chapter 1 _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration _Division II—_Scope and Administration
    104.2.1.
  • CFC § 101.4.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    [A] 101.4.5 Fire prevention. The provisions of the California Fire Code shall apply to matters affecting or relating to structures, processes and premises from the hazard of fire and explosion arising from the storage, handling or use of structures, materials or devices; from conditions hazardous to life, property or public welfare in the occupancy of structures or premises; and from the construction, extension, repair, alteration or removal of fire suppression, automatic sprinkler systems and alarm systems or fire hazards in the structure or on the premises from occupancy or operation.

    [A] 101.4.6 Energy. The provisions of the California Energy Code shall apply to all matters governing the design and construction of buildings for energy efficiency.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 1-23

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    ADMINISTRATION

    [A] 101.4.7 Existing buildings. The provisions of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to matters governing the repair, alteration, change of occupancy, addition to and relocation of existing buildings.

    [OSHPD 1] The provisions of Chapters 2, 3A, 4A and 5A of the California Existing Building Code shall apply to all matters governing the repairs, alterations, change of occupancy, additions and relocation of existing structures and portions thereof under OSHPD jurisdic- tion. All references to Chapters 3, 4 and 5 of the California Existing Building Code shall be replaced by equivalent provisions in Chapters 3A, 4A and 5A.

    [OSHPD 1R, 2, 4 & 5] The provisions of the California Existing Building Code, Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 shall apply to all matters govern- ing the repairs, alterations, change of occupancy, additions and relocation of existing structures and portions thereof under OSHPD jurisdiction.

    101.4.8 Wildland-urban interface. The provisions of Part 7, the California Wildland-Urban Interface Code shall apply to buildings and structures built in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) or a Fire Hazard Severity Zone.

    SECTION 102—APPLICABILITY

    [A] 102.1 General. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.

    [A] 102.2 Other laws. The provisions of this code shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.

    [A] 102.3 Application of references. References to chapter or section numbers, or to provisions not specifically identified by number, shall be construed to refer to such chapter, section or provision of this code.

    [A] 102.4 Referenced codes and standards. The codes and standards referenced in this code shall be considered to be part of the requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference and as further regulated in Sections 102.4.1 through 102.4.4.

    [A] 102.4.1 Conflicts. Where conflicts occur between provisions of this code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of this code shall apply.

Frequently asked questions

Who decides if a referenced standard conflicts with the CFC?

The CFC itself directs that the CFC controls where conflicts occur (see § 102.7.1), and the code official has authority to determine compliance and request technical documentation.

If a national standard is more conservative than the CFC, which do I follow?

If the national standard is more restrictive, you may follow the more restrictive requirement unless a local amendment or the CFC specifically disallows it; the CFC governs conflicts but does not prevent using more-restrictive measures where allowed. See § 102.7.1 and local amendment rules.

What if following the CFC would violate a product listing or the manufacturer's instructions?

Document the listing and discuss the conflict with the code official. The code official can require tests, reports or may accept the listing only where consistent with applicable code provisions; administrative sections give the code official that authority.

Does § 102.7.2 mean referenced standards are irrelevant?

No. Referenced standards are part of the code to the extent listed in Chapter 80, but where the referenced standard covers subject matter already within the CFC’s scope, the CFC’s provision takes precedence. Use the referenced standard when not in conflict or when the CFC defers.

Should I always involve the code official when a conflict appears?

Yes. Best practice is to document the conflict and bring it to the code official for clarification or approval; the code official may request technical justification or issue an interpretation.

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