Title 24 · California Energy Code
What sensor and daylighting control requirements apply to nonresidential lighting?
In simple terms: many nonresidential spaces must have multilevel/occupancy and daylight controls (daylit zones with ≥75 W), and if the building has 4,000 W or more of lighting it must also have demand-response-capable controls that can automatically reduce general lighting (tested to show ≥15% reduction). Controls must be zoned correctly, sensors installed where they can't be tampered with, and everything acceptance-tested and documented per the code.
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — in plain English
The California Energy Code requires nonresidential buildings to install multilevel lighting controls, daylight responsive controls, occupant sensing controls, and—when the building has ≥ 4,000 watts of installed lighting—demand responsive lighting controls. The primary controlling provisions are § 130.1(b) (lighting control scope and multilevel/daylight requirements) and § 110.12(c) (demand responsive lighting for ≥ 4,000 W) as referenced throughout Part 6.
The single most important rule: if a space is required to have multilevel or daylight controls under § 130.1(b), the lighting must be zoned and controlled so it can be dimmed or switched automatically to meet daylight and occupancy conditions — and if the building has a total of 4,000 W or more of lighting, the general lighting must also be able to respond automatically to a demand response signal per § 110.12(c).
Requirements in detail
Key defined thresholds and required controls
| Decision factor | What the code requires | Code reference |
|---|---|---|
| Installed general lighting wattage in a daylit zone ≥ 75 W | Install daylight responsive controls (separate control for skylit / primary sidelit / secondary sidelit zones). | § 130.1(d) |
| Building total installed lighting power ≥ 4,000 W | Install demand responsive lighting controls capable of automatically reducing lighting on a demand-response signal; testable to demonstrate ≥ 15% reduction (NA7.6.3). | § 110.12(c) |
| Spaces requiring multilevel lighting (per § 130.1(b)) | Multilevel controls must allow continuous dimming where daylight controls apply; daylight + controlled lighting must maintain required illuminance and meet uniformity rules. | § 130.1(b) and § 130.1(d) |
| Daylight high-availability condition (>150% illuminance) | Controlled lighting power in a daylit zone must be reduced by ≥ 90% (non-parking) or 100% for parking garages (combined primary+secondary). | § 130.1(d) |
| Office areas > 250 ft² (for certain PAFs) | Occupant sensing controls: sensor coverage and zone sizing rules (sensor areas 125 ft² or 126–250 ft² for PAF eligibility; occupant-sensing zones must be shown on plans). | Table 140.6-A and § 130.1(c) references |
| Maximum watts per control zone | No more than 500 W of rated lighting power shall be controlled together as a single occupant-sensing zone (control-zone sizing). | § 130.1(c) (control zone sizing) |
| Photosensor placement and calibration | Photosensors must not be readily accessible to unauthorized personnel; calibration access must be available to authorized personnel (often inside locked case or tool cover). | § 130.1(d) and related installation rules; Appendix guidance. |
| Acceptance testing & certification | Daylight, demand-responsive and other lighting controls must be acceptance-tested per Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 series and documented on a Certificate of Acceptance. | § 130.4 and acceptance notes for NA7 testing. |
(See the rest of this section for what each of these means in practice.)
Daylight responsive controls — specifics
- Zones: All skylit, primary sidelit, and secondary sidelit daylit zones that meet the ≥ 75 W threshold must have daylight responsive controls and each zone must be shown on the plans. Separate control per zone type is required.
- Control behavior:
- Where multilevel lighting controls are required under § 130.1(b), daylight controls must allow continuous dimming (or equivalent multilevel action).
- When measured daylight at the sensor is > 150% of the electric-only illuminance, the controlled lighting power shall be reduced by ≥ 90% in normal areas and 100% in parking garage sidelit zones.
- Photosensors & access: Interior photosensors must not be readily accessible and calibration adjustments must be available to authorized personnel (may be in locked case or under tool cover).
Occupant sensing and multilevel controls — specifics
- Multilevel requirement (§ 130.1(b)): Many interior spaces are required to have multilevel lighting controls (e.g., separate task/ambient switching, dimming stages). Where daylighting controls are required, multilevel controls must permit continuous dimming.
- Occupant sensors:
- Zones must be sized so that no more than 500 W of rated lighting power is controlled as a single occupant-sensing zone.
- In open office areas > 250 ft² certain PAFs require one sensor per defined area (125 ft² or 126–250 ft²) and sensor zones must be shown on plans. Infrared sensors must be shielded to avoid sensing outside the controlled area; ultrasonic sensors must be tuned to avoid false triggers.
Demand responsive controls (when building lighting ≥ 4,000 W)
- If the building’s nonresidential lighting system has total installed lighting power ≥ 4,000 W, and that lighting is within the scope of § 130.1(b) or § 160.5(b)4B, the lighting controls must be capable of automatically reducing lighting in response to a demand response signal. The controls must demonstrate a 15% or greater reduction for compliance testing per NA7.6.3.
- Demand response must control the general lighting in the same spaces required to meet § 130.1(b); reductions must be implemented in a manner consistent with § 130.1(b) (i.e., respect zoning, uniformity, and multilevel control rules).
- Exception: Spaces where a health or life-safety statute, ordinance, or regulation prohibits reducing general lighting are exempt from counting toward the 4,000 W threshold and need not install DR controls.
Acceptance testing, certificates, and PAF interaction
- Daylight responsive controls, demand responsive controls, and other specified lighting controls must be acceptance-tested per the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 procedures (e.g., NA7.6.1 for daylight, NA7.6.3 for demand response) and a Certificate of Acceptance submitted per § 130.4.
- Controls required by code (Part 6) are not eligible to earn lighting Power Adjustment Factors (PAFs); PAFs are only available for additional voluntary controls meeting the PAF table conditions.
Exceptions & special cases
- Spaces where health or life-safety rules prohibit dimming or shutoff are exempt from counting toward the 4,000 W demand-response threshold and are not required to install DR controls. § 110.12(c) notes this exemption.
- Daylighting controls are not required for small daylight areas: e.g., rooms with < 24 ft² total glazing area or certain small parking garage glazing totals; see the exceptions in § 130.1(d) for the full list.
- Where adjacent structures or natural features block sunlight for more than 1,500 daytime hours/year, some daylight-control requirements have exceptions (see § 130.1(d) exceptions).
- PAF-specific exceptions: If demand-response controls are required by § 110.12(c), the PAF for voluntary demand-response (Table 140.6-A) is not available for that project; only lighting not required by Part 6 may receive a PAF.
Common mistakes
- Treating daylight and occupancy controls as optional — many zones that meet the wattage or geometry thresholds must have controls (e.g., ≥ 75 W daylit zones).
- Installing photosensors where occupants can tamperper or calibrate them — sensors must not be readily accessible and calibration access rules apply.
- Grouping more than 500 W behind one occupant-sensor-controlled switch in rooms that require occupant sensing.
- Assuming demand-response only requires a simple on/off — the control must be capable of automatically reducing general lighting and must be acceptance-tested to show ≥ 15% reduction per NA7 test procedures.
- Trying to claim PAFs for controls that are already required by Part 6 — PAFs apply only to additional, voluntary controls that meet the PAF table criteria.
- Forgetting to submit Certificates of Acceptance and have a Certified Lighting Controls Acceptance Test Technician (CLCATT) sign off where required.
Worked example — concrete scenario
Scenario: A small office floor has the following:
- Total building installed lighting = 6,000 W (so demand-response applies).
- A primary sidelit daylit zone has 200 W of general lighting (inside the zone) and a secondary sidelit zone has 90 W.
- An open office area is 1,000 ft² with general lighting > 250 ft² and workstations.
How the code applies:
- Because building lighting ≥ 4,000 W, install demand responsive controls that can automatically reduce general lighting and pass the NA7.6.3 test showing ≥ 15% reduction. Reductions must be applied to the general lighting in the spaces that are subject to § 130.1(b). § 110.12(c) requires this capability.
- The primary sidelit zone has 200 W ≥ 75 W, so install daylight responsive controls for that zone. The secondary zone (90 W ≥ 75 W) also needs daylight responsive controls. Each zone must be shown on the plans and controlled separately. If daylight causes sensor reading > 150%, the daytime reduction must be at least 90% in those zones (i.e., 200 W → 20 W minimum). § 130.1(d) applies.
- For the open office area (> 250 ft²) occupant sensing and multilevel controls are required per § 130.1(c)/(b). Occupant sensor zones must observe the ≤ 500 W rule and, for any PAF considerations, sensors controlling office workstations must meet the area-per-sensor sizing in Table 140.6-A.
- Acceptance testing: Daylight controls and demand-response controls must be tested per NA7 test methods and documented on the Certificate of Acceptance before occupancy. § 130.4 and NA7 references apply.
Related provisions
- § 130.1(d) — Daylight responsive controls: zones, 75 W threshold, 150% reduction conditions.
- § 130.4 — Lighting control acceptance testing and Certificates of Acceptance (NA7 series).
- § 140.6 and Table 140.6-A — Lighting Power Adjustment Factors (PAFs) and their control requirements.
- § 160.5(b)4D — Multilevel/Daylight requirements for other occupancy categories (parallel rules).
- Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 — Specific test procedures: NA7.6.1 (daylight), NA7.6.3 (demand response), NA7.6.x etc.
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Energy Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
§ 130.4 High relevance — show source text
The setting of the limit is verified by the acceptance test required by Section 130.4(a)7; and iv. The construction documents specify which lighting systems shall have their maximum light output or maximum power draw set to no greater than 85 percent of full light output or full power draw. K. To qualify for the PAF for a demand responsive control in Table 140.6-A, the general lighting wattage receiving the PAF shall not be within the scope of Section 110.12(c) and a demand responsive control shall meet all of the following requirements: i. The controlled lighting shall be capable of being automatically reduced in response to a demand response signal; and ii. General lighting shall be reduced in a manner consistent with the requirements of Section 130.1(b). L. To qualify for the PAFs for clerestory fenestration, horizontal slats, or light shelves in Table 140.6-A, the daylighting design shall meet the requirements in Section 140.3(d). The PAFs shall only apply to lighting in a primary or secondary sidelit daylit zone where continuous dimming daylighting controls meeting the requirements of Section 130.1(d) are installed.
TABLE 140.6-A—LIGHTING POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTORS (PAF) Col2 Col3 TYPE OF CONTROL TYPE OF AREA FACTOR 1. Daylight continuous dimming plus
OFF controlLuminaires in skylit daylit zone or primary sidelit daylit zone or secondary sidelit daylit zone 0.10 2. Occupant sensing controls in offices
larger than 250 square feetOne sensor controlling an area that is no larger than 125 square feet 0.30 3. Occupant sensing controls in offices
larger than 250 square feetOne sensor controlling an area that is 126-250 square feet 0.20 4. Institutional tuning Luminaires in non-daylit areas:
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.0.10 4. Institutional tuning Luminaires in daylit areas:
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.0.05 5. Demand responsive control General lighting luminaires not in the scope of Section 110.12(c).
If DR controls are required of Section 110.12(c), this PAF is not available for any lighting in the
project. Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this demand
responsive control PAF.0.05 6. Clerestory fenestration Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to the clerestory.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.05 7. Horizontal slats Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to vertical fenestration with interior or exterior horizontal slats.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.05 8. Light shelves Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to clerestory fenestration with interior or exterior light
shelves. This PAF may be combined with the PAF for clerestory fenestration.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.10 a. § 170.2 High relevance — show source text
xi. To qualify for the PAF for a demand responsive control in Table 170.2-L, the general lighting wattage receiving the PAF shall not be within the scope of Section 110.12(c) and a demand responsive control shall meet all of the following requirements: a. The controlled lighting shall be capable of being automatically reduced in response to a demand response signal; and b. General lighting shall be reduced in a manner consistent with the illuminance uniformity requirements of Section 160.5(b)4B. xii. To qualify for the PAFs for clerestory fenestration, horizontal slats or light shelves in Table 170.2-L, the daylighting design shall meet the requirements in Section 170.2(b). The PAFs shall only apply to lighting in a primary or secondary sidelit daylit zone where continuous dimming daylighting controls meeting the requirements of Section 160.5(b)4D are installed.
TABLE 170.2-L—LIGHTING POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTORS (PAF) Col2 Col3 TYPE OF CONTROL TYPE OF AREA FACTOR 1. Daylight Continuous
Dimming Plus OFF ControlLuminaires in skylit daylit zone or primary sidelit daylit zone 0.10 2. Occupant Sensing Controls
in Office Spaces Larger Than
250 Square FeetIn open plan offices > 250 square feet: One sensor controlling an area that is:
No larger than 125 square feet0.30 2. Occupant Sensing Controls
in Office Spaces Larger Than
250 Square FeetIn open plan offices > 250 square feet: One sensor controlling an area that is:
From 126 to 250 square feet0.20 3. Institutional Tuning Luminaires in nondaylit areas.
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.0.10 3. Institutional Tuning Luminaires in daylit areas.
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.0.05 4. Demand Responsive
ControlGeneral lighting luminaires not in the scope of Section 110.12(c). Luminaires that qualify for other
PAFs in this table may also qualify for this demand responsive control PAF.0.05 5. Clerestory Fenestration Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to the clerestory. Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming
plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.05 6. Horizontal Slats Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to vertical fenestration with interior or exterior horizontal slats.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.05 7. Light Shelves Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to clerestory fenestration with interior or exterior light shelves.
This PAF may be combined with the PAF for clerestory fenestration. Luminaires that qualify for
daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.0.10 a. To qualify for any of the power adjustment factors in this table, the installation shall comply with the applicable requirements in Section 170.2(e)1Aii.
b. Only one PAF may be used for each qualifying luminaire unless combined.
c.§ 209.2.3.2.3 High relevance — show source text
A6.209.2.3.2.3 The primary sidelit area(s) shall be shown on the plans and the general lighting in the primary sidelit areas shall be controlled independently by an automatic daylighting control device that meets the applicable requirements of Section A6.209.1 and is installed in accordance with Section A6.209.2.3.2.4.
Exceptions:
Where the total primary sidelit daylight area in any enclosed space has an area less than or equal to 2,500 square feet.
Primary sidelit daylight areas where the effective aperture is less than 0.1. The effective aperture for primary sidelit daylight areas is specified in Section 146(a)2E of Title 24, Part 6.
Primary sidelit daylight areas where existing adjacent structures are twice as tall as their distance away from the windows.
Parking garages.
A6.209.2.3.2.4 Automatic daylighting control device installation and operation. Automatic daylighting control devices shall be installed and configured to operate according to all of the following requirements:
Automatic daylighting control devices shall have photosensors that are located so that they are not readily accessible in accordance with the designer’s or manufacturer’s instructions.
The location where calibration adjustments are made to the automatic daylighting control device shall be readily accessible to authorized personnel or located within 2 feet of a ceiling access panel that is no higher than 11 feet above floor level.
Automatic daylighting controls shall be multilevel, including continuous dimming and have at least one control step that is between 50 percent to 70 percent of rated power of the controlled lighting. Exceptions:
Controlled lighting having a lighting power density less than 0.3 W/ft [2] .
When skylights are replaced or added to on an existing building with an existing general lighting system.
Under all daylight conditions in all areas served by the controlled lighting, the combined illuminance from the controlled lighting and daylight is not less than the illuminance from controlled lighting when no daylight is available.
When all areas served by the controlled lighting are receiving daylight illuminance levels greater than 150 percent of the illuminance from controlled lighting when no daylight is available, the controlled lighting power consumption shall be no greater than 35 percent of the rated power of the controlled lighting.
A6.209.2.4 Shut-off controls.
A6.209.2.4.1 In addition to the manual controls installed to comply with Sections A6.209.2.1 and A6.209.2.2 for every floor, all indoor lighting systems shall be equipped with separate automatic controls to shut off the lighting. These automatic controls shall meet the requirements of Section A6.209.1and may be an occupant sensor, automatic time switch or other device capable of automatically shutting off the lighting.
Exceptions:
- Where the lighting system is serving an area that must be continuously lit, 24 hours per day/365 days per year.
- Lighting in corridors, guestrooms, dwelling units of high-rise residential buildings and hotel/motels and parking
garages. 3. Up to 0.3 watts per square foot of lighting in any area within a building that must be continuously illuminated for reasons of building security or emergency egress, provided that the area is designated a security or emergency egress area on the plans and specifications submitted to the enforcement agency under Section 10-103(a)2 of Title 24, Part 1.
§ 170.2 High relevance — show source text
or furniture mounted luminaires that comply with Section 170.2(e)1Aii and provide general lighting directly above the controlled area; and d. Qualifying luminaires shall be controlled by occupant sensing controls that meet all of the following requirements, as applicable: I. Infrared sensors shall be equipped by the manufacturer, or fitted in the field by the installer, with lenses or shrouds to prevent them from being triggered by movement outside of the controlled
area.
II. Ultrasonic sensors shall be tuned to reduce their sensitivity to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area. III. All other sensors shall be installed and adjusted as necessary to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area. e. Occupant sensing control zones, in offices greater than 250 square feet, shall be shown on the plans.
2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 259
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
x. To qualify for the PAF for an Institutional Tuning in Table 170.2-L, the tuned lighting system shall comply with all of the following requirements: a. The lighting controls shall limit the maximum output or maximum power draw of the controlled lighting to 85 percent or less of full light output or full power draw; and b. The means of setting the limit is accessible only to authorized personnel; and c. The setting of the limit is verified by the acceptance test required by Section 160.5(e)1G; and d. The construction documents specify which lighting systems shall have their maximum light output or maximum power draw set to no greater than 85 percent of full light output or full power draw. xi. To qualify for the PAF for a demand responsive control in Table 170.2-L, the general lighting wattage receiving the PAF shall not be within the scope of Section 110.12(c) and a demand responsive control shall meet all of the following requirements: a. The controlled lighting shall be capable of being automatically reduced in response to a demand response signal; and b. General lighting shall be reduced in a manner consistent with the illuminance uniformity requirements of Section 160.5(b)4B. xii. To qualify for the PAFs for clerestory fenestration, horizontal slats or light shelves in Table 170.2-L, the daylighting design shall meet the requirements in Section 170.2(b). The PAFs shall only apply to lighting in a primary or secondary sidelit daylit zone where continuous dimming daylighting controls meeting the requirements of Section 160.5(b)4D are installed.
TABLE 170.2-L—LIGHTING POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTORS (PAF) Col2 Col3 TYPE OF CONTROL TYPE OF AREA FACTOR 1. Daylight Continuous
Dimming Plus OFF ControlLuminaires in skylit daylit zone or primary sidelit daylit zone 0.10 2. Occupant Sensing Controls
in Office Spaces Larger Than
250 Square FeetIn open plan offices > 250 square feet: One sensor controlling an area that is:
No larger than 125 square feet0.30 2. § 209.1.5 High relevance — show source text
- Have permanently affixed to it installation instructions recommending that it be installed at least 12 inches from any area normally used by room occupants. A6.209.1.5 Multilevel occupant sensor. Multilevel occupant sensors shall have an automatic OFF function that turns off all the lights and either an automatic or a manually controlled ON function capable of meeting all the multilevel and uniformity requirements of Section A6.209.2.2 for the controlled lighting. The first stage shall be capable of activating between 30–70 percent of the lighting power in a room either through an automatic or manual action and may be a switching or dimming system. After that event occurs the device shall be capable of all of the following actions when manually called to do so by the occupant:
- Activating the alternate set of lights.
- Activating 100 percent of the lighting power.
- Deactivating all lights. A6.209.1.6 Automatic daylighting control devices. Automatic daylighting control devices used to control lights in daylit zones shall:
- Be capable of reducing the power consumption of the general lighting in the controlled area by at least two thirds in response to the availability of daylight; and
- If the device is a dimmer controlling incandescent or fluorescent lamps, provide electrical outputs to lamps for reduced flicker operation through the dimming range, so that the light output has an amplitude modulation of less than 30 percent for frequencies less than 200 Hz and without causing premature lamp failure; and
- If the devices reduce lighting in control steps, incorporate time-delay circuits to prevent cycling of light level changes of less than 3 minutes and have a manual or automatic means of adjusting the deadband to provide separation of on and off points for each control step; and
- If the device is placed in calibration mode, automatically restore its time delay settings to normal operation programmed time delays after no more than 60 minutes; and
- Have a setpoint control that easily distinguishes settings to within 10 percent of full scale adjustment; and
- Have a light sensor that has a linear response with 5 percent accuracy over the range of illuminance measured by the light sensor; and
- Have a light sensor that is physically separated from where calibration adjustments are made or is capable of being calibrated in a manner that the person initiating calibration is remote from the sensor during calibration to avoid influencing calibration accuracy. A6.209.1.7 Interior photosensors. Interior photosensor shall not have a mechanical slide cover or other device that permits easy unauthorized disabling of the control and shall not be incorporated into a wall-mounted occupant-sensor. A6.209.1.8 Multilevel astronomical time-switch controls. Multilevel astronomical time-switch controls used to control lighting in daylit zones shall:
- Contain at least two separately programmable steps per zone that reduces illuminance in a relatively uniform manner as specified in Section A6.209.2.2; and
- Have a separate offset control for each step of 1 to 240 minutes; and
- Have sunrise and sunset prediction accuracy within +/- 15 minutes and timekeeping accuracy within 5 minutes per year; and
2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE APPENDIX A6.1-23
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
APPENDIX A6.1 — VOLUNTARY STANDARDS FOR HEALTH FACILITIES [OSHPD 1, 2 & 4]
§ 160.5 High relevance — show source text
5-B, 160.5(c)2, 160.5(d), 160.5(e), 170.2(e)2B, Table 170.2L, 180.2(b)4B Astronomical time-clock control Table 140.6-C, 150.0(k)3A, 160.5(a)3A, Table 170.2-M Automatic daylighting controls 110.9(b)2, 130.1(d), 130.1(f)3, 6, 140.6(a)2L, G, 160.5(b)4D, F, 170.2(e)2B, 180.3(b)4B Automatic lighting controls 140.6(a)2G, 170.2(e)2B Automatic scheduling controls 130.2(c)2, 160.5(c)2B Automatic time switch control 120.2(e)1, 120.6(b)3A, 130.1(f)5, 130.3(a)1, 130.3(a)2, 130.5(d)1, 150.0(k)3, 160.3(a)2D, 160.5(a)3A, 160.5(b)4F, 130.6(d)1 Certified Lighting Controls Acceptance Test Technician (CLCATT) 130.4(c), 160.5(e)3 Continuous dimming 140.6(a)2H, L, Table 140.6-A, 160.5(b)4D,Table 160.5-B, 170.2(e)2B, Table 170.2-L Control requirements for indoor lighting system alterations Table 141.0-F, Table 180.2-E
Countdown timer switch 130.1(c)2,160.5(b)4C, 160.6(d)1 Daylight dimming plus OFF control Table 140.6-A, Table 170.2-L Daylighting controls 110.9(b)2, 130.1(d), 140.6(a)2L, Table 141.0-F, 160.5(b)4D, 170.2(e)2B, Table 180.2-E Delay settings 110.9(b)2A Dimmer 110.9(b)3, 130.3(a)2B, 150.0(k)1E, 150.0(k)2B, F,160.5(a)1E, 160.5(a)2B, F, 160.5(d)2B Existing luminaire 130.2(b), 141.0(b)2L, 160.5(c)1, 180.2(b)4B Holiday shutoff 110.9(b)1A, 130.1(c)4 Indoor lighting controls 130.1, 150.0(k)2, 160.5(a)2, 160.5(b)4 Infrared sensor 140.6(a)2I, 170.2(e)2B Light sensor 110.9(b)2C Lighting circuits 141.0(b)2I, 180.2(b)4B Lighting control acceptance 130.4, 160.5(e)
§ 140.6 High relevance — show source text
I. To qualify for the PAF for an occupant sensing control controlling the general lighting in large office areas above workstations, in accordance with Table 140.6-A, the following requirements shall be met: i. The office area shall be greater than 250 square feet; and ii. This PAF shall be available only in office areas which contain workstations; and iii. Controlled luminaires shall only be those that provide general lighting directly above the controlled area, or furniture mounted luminaires that comply with Section 140.6(a)2 and provide general lighting directly above the controlled area; and
iv. Qualifying luminaires shall be controlled by occupant sensing controls that meet all of the following requirements, as applicable: a. Infrared sensors shall be equipped by the manufacturer, of fitted in the field by the installer, with lenses or shrouds to prevent them from being triggered by movement outside of the controlled area. b. Ultrasonic sensors shall be tuned to reduce their sensitivity to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.
c. All other sensors shall be installed and adjusted as necessary to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.
v. Occupant sensing control zones, in offices greater than 250 square feet, shall be shown on the plans. J. To qualify for the PAF for an Institutional Tuning in Table 140.6-A, the tuned lighting system shall comply with all of the following requirements: i. The lighting controls shall limit the maximum output or maximum power draw of the controlled lighting to 85 percent or less of full light output or full power draw; and ii. The means of setting the limit is accessible only to authorized personnel; and iii. The setting of the limit is verified by the acceptance test required by Section 130.4(a)7; and iv. The construction documents specify which lighting systems shall have their maximum light output or maximum power draw set to no greater than 85 percent of full light output or full power draw. K. To qualify for the PAF for a demand responsive control in Table 140.6-A, the general lighting wattage receiving the PAF shall not be within the scope of Section 110.12(c) and a demand responsive control shall meet all of the following requirements: i. The controlled lighting shall be capable of being automatically reduced in response to a demand response signal; and ii. General lighting shall be reduced in a manner consistent with the requirements of Section 130.1(b). L. To qualify for the PAFs for clerestory fenestration, horizontal slats, or light shelves in Table 140.6-A, the daylighting design shall meet the requirements in Section 140.3(d). The PAFs shall only apply to lighting in a primary or secondary sidelit daylit zone where continuous dimming daylighting controls meeting the requirements of Section 130.1(d) are installed.
TABLE 140.6-A—LIGHTING POWER ADJUSTMENT FACTORS (PAF) Col2 Col3 TYPE OF CONTROL TYPE OF AREA FACTOR 1. Daylight continuous dimming plus
OFF controlLuminaires in skylit daylit zone or primary sidelit daylit zone or secondary sidelit daylit zone 0.10 2. Occupant sensing controls in offices
larger than 250 square feetOne sensor controlling an area that is no larger than 125 square feet 0.30 3. § 160.5 High relevance — show source text
5(b)4D,Table 160.5-B, 170.2(e)2B, Table 170.2-L Control requirements for indoor lighting system alterations Table 141.0-F, Table 180.2-E
Countdown timer switch 130.1(c)2,160.5(b)4C, 160.6(d)1 Daylight dimming plus OFF control Table 140.6-A, Table 170.2-L Daylighting controls 110.9(b)2, 130.1(d), 140.6(a)2L, Table 141.0-F, 160.5(b)4D, 170.2(e)2B, Table 180.2-E Delay settings 110.9(b)2A Dimmer 110.9(b)3, 130.3(a)2B, 150.0(k)1E, 150.0(k)2B, F,160.5(a)1E, 160.5(a)2B, F, 160.5(d)2B Existing luminaire 130.2(b), 141.0(b)2L, 160.5(c)1, 180.2(b)4B Holiday shutoff 110.9(b)1A, 130.1(c)4 Indoor lighting controls 130.1, 150.0(k)2, 160.5(a)2, 160.5(b)4 Infrared sensor 140.6(a)2I, 170.2(e)2B Light sensor 110.9(b)2C Lighting circuits 141.0(b)2I, 180.2(b)4B Lighting control acceptance 130.4, 160.5(e)
Lighting control installation 10-103.1(c)3B, 130.0(e)2, 130.4(b), 160.5(b)3B, 160.5(e)2 Manual control 110.12(b)5B, 120.1(d)5B, 130.1(a),160.2(c)5E, 160.5(b)4A Manual lighting controls 140.6(a)2 Manual on/off control 150.0(k)3, 150.1(c)8, 150.2(b)1H, 160.2(b)2, 160.5(a)3, 170.2(d), 180.2(b)3B Manual override 110.9(b)1, 120.2(e)1, 120.6(b)3,130.1(c)3, 160.3(a)2D, 160.5(b)4C Manual-on 110.9(b)4, 130.1(c), 150.0(k)2, 160.5(a) Motion sensor 110.9(b)4, 120.6(b)3, 130.2(c)2, 130.2(c)3, 141.0(b)2L, 150.0(k)3, 160.5(c), 180.2(b) Multi-level lighting control 110.9(b)4, 120.6(h), 130.1(b), 130.1(c), 130.1(d), 130.1(f), 140.6(a)2, 141.0(b)2G, 160.5(b)4, Table 160.5-B, 170.2(e)2, 180.2(b)4, 180.2(b), Table 180.2-E Multilevel lighting controls and uniformity requirements Table 160.5-B
§ 140.6 High relevance — show source text
F. Only lighting wattage directly controlled in accordance with Section 140.6(a)2 shall be used to reduce the installed watts as allowed by Section 140.6(a)2 for calculating the Adjusted Indoor Lighting Power. If only a portion of the wattage in a luminaire is controlled in accordance with Section 140.6(a)2, then only that portion of controlled wattage may be reduced in calculating adjusted indoor lighting power. G. Lighting controls used to qualify for a PAF shall be designed and installed in addition to manual, multilevel, and automatic lighting controls required in Section 130.1, and in addition to any other lighting controls required by any provision of Part 6. PAFs shall not be available for lighting controls required by Part 6. H. To qualify for the PAF for daylight continuous dimming plus OFF control, the daylight control and controlled luminaires shall comply with Section 130.1(d), 130.4(a)3 and 130.4(a)7, and the daylight control shall be continuous dimming and shall additionally turn lights completely OFF when the daylight available in the daylit zone is greater than 150 percent of the illuminance received from the general lighting system at full power. The PAF shall apply to the luminaires in the primary sidelit daylit zone, secondary sidelit daylit zone and skylit daylit zone.
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I. To qualify for the PAF for an occupant sensing control controlling the general lighting in large office areas above workstations, in accordance with Table 140.6-A, the following requirements shall be met: i. The office area shall be greater than 250 square feet; and ii. This PAF shall be available only in office areas which contain workstations; and iii. Controlled luminaires shall only be those that provide general lighting directly above the controlled area, or furniture mounted luminaires that comply with Section 140.6(a)2 and provide general lighting directly above the controlled area; and
iv. Qualifying luminaires shall be controlled by occupant sensing controls that meet all of the following requirements, as applicable: a. Infrared sensors shall be equipped by the manufacturer, of fitted in the field by the installer, with lenses or shrouds to prevent them from being triggered by movement outside of the controlled area. b. Ultrasonic sensors shall be tuned to reduce their sensitivity to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.
c. All other sensors shall be installed and adjusted as necessary to prevent them from being triggered by movements outside of the controlled area.
v. Occupant sensing control zones, in offices greater than 250 square feet, shall be shown on the plans. J. To qualify for the PAF for an Institutional Tuning in Table 140.6-A, the tuned lighting system shall comply with all of the following requirements: i. The lighting controls shall limit the maximum output or maximum power draw of the controlled lighting to 85 percent or less of full light output or full power draw; and ii. The means of setting the limit is accessible only to authorized personnel; and iii. The setting of the limit is verified by the acceptance test required by Section 130.4(a)7; and iv.
§ 209.1.4 High relevance — show source text
** Automatic time switch control devices or system shall:
Be capable of programming different schedules for weekdays and weekends; and
Have program backup capabilities that prevent the loss of the device’s schedules for at least 7 days and the device’s time and date setting for at least 72 hours if power is interrupted. A6.209.1.4 Occupant sensors, motion sensors and vacancy sensors. Occupant sensors, motion sensors and vacancy sensors shall be capable of automatically turning off all the lights in an area no more than 30 minutes after the area has been vacated and shall have a visible status signal that indicates that the device is operating properly or that it has failed or malfunctioned. The visible status signal may have an override switch that turns the signal off. In addition, ultrasonic and microwave devices shall have a built-in mechanism that allows calibration of the sensitivity of the device to room movement in order to reduce the false sensing of occupants and shall comply with either Subsection A6.209.1.4.1 or A6.209.1.4.2 below, as applicable: A6.209.1.4.1 If the device emits ultrasonic radiation as a signal for sensing occupants within an area, the device shall:
Have had a Radiation Safety Abbreviated Report submitted to the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Federal Food and Drug Administration, under 21 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 1002.12 (1996) and a copy of the report shall have been submitted to the California Energy Commission; and
Emit no audible sound; and
Not emit ultrasound in excess of the decibel (dB) values shown in Table A6.209.1-A, measured no more than 5 feet from the source, on axis.
A6.209.1.4.2 If the device emits microwave radiation as a signal for sensing occupants within the area, the device shall:
Comply with all applicable provisions in 47 Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 2 and 15 (1996) and have an approved Federal Communications Commission Identifier that appears on all units of the device and that has been submitted to the California Energy Commission; and
Not emit radiation in excess of 1 milliwatt per square centimeter measured at no more than 5 centimeters from the emission surface of the device; and
Have permanently affixed to it installation instructions recommending that it be installed at least 12 inches from any area normally used by room occupants. A6.209.1.5 Multilevel occupant sensor. Multilevel occupant sensors shall have an automatic OFF function that turns off all the lights and either an automatic or a manually controlled ON function capable of meeting all the multilevel and uniformity requirements of Section A6.209.2.2 for the controlled lighting. The first stage shall be capable of activating between 30–70 percent of the lighting power in a room either through an automatic or manual action and may be a switching or dimming system. After that event occurs the device shall be capable of all of the following actions when manually called to do so by the occupant:
Activating the alternate set of lights.
Activating 100 percent of the lighting power.
Deactivating all lights. A6.209.1.6 Automatic daylighting control devices. Automatic daylighting control devices used to control lights in daylit zones shall:
Be capable of reducing the power consumption of the general lighting in the controlled area by at least two thirds in response to the availability of daylight; and
§ 126-250 High relevance — show source text
Occupant sensing controls in offices
larger than 250 square feet|One sensor controlling an area that is 126-250 square feet|0.20| |4. Institutional tuning|Luminaires in non-daylit areas:
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.|0.10| |4. Institutional tuning|Luminaires in daylit areas:
Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this tuning PAF.|0.05| |5. Demand responsive control|General lighting luminaires not in the scope of Section 110.12(c).
If DR controls are required of Section 110.12(c), this PAF is not available for any lighting in the
project. Luminaires that qualify for other PAFs in this table may also qualify for this demand
responsive control PAF.|0.05| |6. Clerestory fenestration|Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to the clerestory.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.|0.05| |7. Horizontal slats|Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to vertical fenestration with interior or exterior horizontal slats.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.|0.05| |8. Light shelves|Luminaires in daylit areas adjacent to clerestory fenestration with interior or exterior light
shelves. This PAF may be combined with the PAF for clerestory fenestration.
Luminaires that qualify for daylight dimming plus OFF control may also qualify for this PAF.|0.10| |a. To qualify for any of the power adjustment factors in this table, the installation shall comply with the applicable requirements in Section 140.6(a)2.
b. Only one PAF may be used for each qualifying luminaire unless combined below.
c. Lighting controls that are required for compliance with Part 6 shall not be eligible for a PAF.|a. To qualify for any of the power adjustment factors in this table, the installation shall comply with the applicable requirements in Section 140.6(a)2.
b. Only one PAF may be used for each qualifying luminaire unless combined below.
c. Lighting controls that are required for compliance with Part 6 shall not be eligible for a PAF.|a. To qualify for any of the power adjustment factors in this table, the installation shall comply with the applicable requirements in Section 140.6(a)2.
b. Only one PAF may be used for each qualifying luminaire unless combined below.
c. Lighting controls that are required for compliance with Part 6 shall not be eligible for a PAF.|2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 131
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- Lighting wattage excluded. The watts of the following indoor lighting applications may be excluded from adjusted indoor lighting power. (Indoor lighting not listed below shall comply with all applicable nonresidential indoor lighting requirements in Part 6): A. In theme parks: lighting for themes and special effects; B. Studio lighting for film or photography,
§ 130.1 High relevance — show source text
- All skylit daylit zones and primary sidelit daylit zones shall be shown on building plans.
- General lighting in daylit zones shall be controlled in accordance with Section 130.1(d).
- The total skylight area is at least 3 percent of the total floor area in the space within a horizontal distance of 0.7 times the average ceiling height from the edge of rough opening of skylights; or the product of the total skylight area and the average skylight visible transmittance is no less than 1.5 percent of the total floor area in the space within a horizontal distance of 0.7 times the average ceiling height from the edge of rough opening of skylights.
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- All skylights shall have a glazing material or diffuser that has a measured haze value greater than 90 percent, tested according to ASTM D1003 (notwithstanding its scope) or other test method approved by the Commission.
- Skylights for conditioned and unconditioned spaces shall have an area-weighted average visible transmittance (VT) no less than the applicable value required by Section 140.3(a)6D.
Exception 1 to Section 140.3(c): Auditoriums, churches, movie theaters, museums and refrigerated warehouses.
Exception 2 to Section 140.3(c): In buildings with unfinished interiors, future enclosed spaces for which there are plans to have: A. A floor area of less than or equal to 5,000 square feet, or B. Ceiling heights of less than or equal to 15 feet.
This exception shall not be used for S-1 or S-2 (storage), or for F-1 or F-2 (factory) occupancies.
Exception 3 to Section 140.3(c): Enclosed spaces having a designed general lighting system with a lighting power density less than 0.5 watts per square foot.
Exception 4 to Section 140.3(c): Enclosed spaces where it is documented that permanent architectural features of the building, existing structures or natural objects block direct beam sunlight on at least half of the roof over the enclosed space for more than 1500 daytime hours per year between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m.
(d) Daylighting Design Power Adjustment Factors (PAFs). To qualify for a Power Adjustment Factor (PAF) as specified in Section 140.6(a)2L, daylighting devices shall meet the following requirements:
- Clerestory fenestration. To qualify for a PAF, clerestory fenestration shall meet the following requirements: A. Shall be installed on east-, west-, or south-facing facades. B. Shall have a head height that is at least 10 feet above the finished floor. C. Shall have a glazing height that is greater than or equal to 10 percent of the head height. D. If operable shading is installed on the clerestory fenestration, then the clerestory fenestration shading shall be controlled separately from shading serving other vertical fenestration.
- **Interior and exterior horizontal slats.
§ 130.1 High relevance — show source text
C. The daylight responsive controls shall meet the following: i. For spaces where the installation of multilevel lighting controls is required under Section 130.1(b), allow the multilevel lighting controls to adjust the light level with continuous dimming; ii. For each space, ensure the combined illuminance from the controlled lighting and daylight is not less than the illuminance from controlled lighting when no daylight is available; iii. For areas other than parking garages, ensure that, when the daylight illuminance is greater than 150 percent of the illuminance provided by the controlled lighting when no daylight is available, the controlled lighting power in that daylight zone shall be reduced by a minimum of 90 percent; and iv. For parking garages, ensure that when daylight illuminance levels measured at the farthest edge of the secondary sidelit zone away from the glazing or opening are greater than 150 percent of the illuminance provided by the controlled lighting when no daylight is available, the controlled lighting power in the combined primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones shall be reduced by 100 percent; and D. Photosensors shall be located so that they are not readily accessible to unauthorized personnel; and E. The location where calibration adjustments are made to the daylight responsive controls shall be readily accessible to authorized personnel but may be inside a locked case or under a cover which requires a tool for access; and F. The automatic daylighting control shall permit the multilevel lighting control to adjust the level of lighting.
Exception 1 to Section 130.1(d): Areas under skylights where it is documented that existing adjacent structures or natural objects block direct sunlight for more than 1,500 daytime hours per year between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m.
Exception 2 to Section 130.1(d): Areas adjacent to vertical glazing below an overhang, where the overhang covers the entire width of the vertical glazing, no vertical glazing is above the overhang, and the ratio of the overhang projection to the overhang rise is greater than 1.5 for south, east and west orientations or greater than 1 for north orientations.
Exception 3 to Section 130.1(d): Where daylight responsive controls are not required for the primary sidelit daylit zones, and where the total wattage of general lighting luminaires in the secondary sidelit daylit zones is less than 85 watts, daylight responsive controls are not required for the secondary sidelit zone.
Exception 4 to Section 130.1(d): Reserved.
Exception 5 to Section 130.1(d): Rooms that have a total glazing area of less than 24 square feet, or parking garage areas with a combined total of less than 36 square feet of glazing or opening.
Exception 6 to Section 130.1(d): For parking garages, luminaires located in the daylight adaptation zone.
Exception 7 to Section 130.1(d): Luminaires in sidelit daylit zones in retail merchandise sales and wholesale showroom areas.
(e) Demand responsive controls. See Section 110.12 for requirements for demand responsive lighting controls.
(f) Occupancy sensing controls interactions with space-conditioning systems. For space-conditioning system zones serving only spaces that are required to have occupant sensing controls as specified in Sections 130.1(c)5 and 6, and where Table 120.1-A allows the ventilation air to be reduced to zero when the space is in occupied-standby mode, the space-conditioning system shall be permitted to be controlled by occupancy sensing controls as specified in Section 120.2(e)3.
§ 130.1 High relevance — show source text
General lighting in the secondary sidelit daylit zones shall be controlled independently of general lighting in the primary sidelit daylit zones.
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D. For skylights located in an atrium, the skylit daylit zone definition shall apply to the floor area directly under the atrium and the top floor area directly adjacent to the atrium. E. Parking garage areas where the total installed wattage of the general lighting in the primary and the secondary sidelit daylit zones is 60 watts or greater, the general lighting in the primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones shall be controlled by daylight responsive controls. 2. All daylight responsive controls shall meet the following requirements: A. All skylit daylit zones, primary sidelit daylit zones, secondary sidelit daylit zones, and the combined primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones in parking garages shall be shown on the plans; and Note: Parking areas on the roof of a parking structure are outdoor hardscape, not skylit daylit areas. B. The daylight responsive controls shall provide separate control for general lighting in each type of daylit zone. The daylight responsive controls shall meet the following: i. General lighting in overlapping skylit daylit zone and sidelit daylit zone shall be controlled as part of the skylit daylit zone. ii. General lighting in overlapping primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones shall be controlled as part of the primary sidelit daylit zone. iii. General lighting luminaires longer than 8 feet shall be controlled as segments of 8 feet or less according to the type of the daylit zone in which the segment is primarily located; and Exception to Section 130.1(d)2Biii: Where a luminaire contains a factory assembled housing and light source as an integral unit in segments longer than 8 feet, the luminaire segment is allowed to be controlled according to the type of the daylit zone in which the segment is primarily located. C. The daylight responsive controls shall meet the following: i. For spaces where the installation of multilevel lighting controls is required under Section 130.1(b), allow the multilevel lighting controls to adjust the light level with continuous dimming; ii. For each space, ensure the combined illuminance from the controlled lighting and daylight is not less than the illuminance from controlled lighting when no daylight is available; iii. For areas other than parking garages, ensure that, when the daylight illuminance is greater than 150 percent of the illuminance provided by the controlled lighting when no daylight is available, the controlled lighting power in that daylight zone shall be reduced by a minimum of 90 percent; and iv. For parking garages, ensure that when daylight illuminance levels measured at the farthest edge of the secondary sidelit zone away from the glazing or opening are greater than 150 percent of the illuminance provided by the controlled lighting when no daylight is available, the controlled lighting power in the combined primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones shall be reduced by 100 percent; and D. Photosensors shall be located so that they are not readily accessible to unauthorized personnel; and E. The location where calibration adjustments are made to the daylight responsive controls shall be readily accessible to authorized personnel but may be inside a locked case or under a cover which requires a tool for access; and F.
Frequently asked questions
Do demand-response controls have to reduce lighting by a fixed percent during an event?
No — § 110.12(c) requires the controls to be capable of automatically reducing lighting in response to a demand response signal and to demonstrate a 15% or greater reduction for compliance testing per NA7.6.3; the actual event reduction strategy can vary so long as the system can meet the tested capability.
When are daylight sensors required?
Daylight-responsive controls are required where the total installed general lighting wattage in a skylit, primary sidelit, or secondary sidelit daylit zone is ≥ 75 W, with separate controls for each daylit zone shown on the plans. § 130.1(d) contains these thresholds and requirements.
Can I put the photosensor where occupants can reach it to calibrate?
No — photosensors must not be readily accessible to unauthorized personnel; calibration access must be available only to authorized personnel and may be in a locked case or under a tool-required cover.
Do controls required by code qualify for PAFs?
No — controls that are required by Part 6 are not eligible for PAFs. PAFs apply to additional voluntary controls that meet the Table 140.6-A (or 170.2-L) criteria.
What documentation and testing are required before occupancy?
Daylight responsive controls, demand-response controls, and other specified controls must be acceptance-tested per the NA7 test procedures and documented on a Certificate of Acceptance submitted per § 130.4.
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