Title 24 · California Energy Code
Which Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) rules and modeling assumptions must I follow?
Summary: For performance compliance in the California Energy Code you must run a Commission‑approved Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) and use the Commission‑specified modeling assumptions (weather, setpoints, schedules, internal gains, geometry/orientation, and existing‑efficiency rules) as set out in **§ 10‑109(c)** and **§ 10‑116**; the uploaded files did not include **§ 100.2**, so I could not reference that section.
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
What the code requires — 2-4 sentences
- Use Commission‑approved Alternative Calculation Methods (ACMs) (Commission-certified compliance software or approved alternative methods) as the compliance path for performance calculations — these ACMs are approved under § 10-109.
- Use the modeling assumptions (weather, thermostat settings/schedules, internal gains, geometry/orientation, existing‑efficiency rules, etc.) required or specified by the Commission in § 10-109(c) and § 10-116 when you run the ACM software.
- I could not find the text for § 100.2 in the files you provided; I cannot state or interpret requirements that are not in the retrieved material. (See “Related provisions” below for where the code points to 10-109 and 10-116.)
The single most important rule: run your performance compliance using a Commission‑approved ACM and the Commission’s required modeling assumptions (see § 10-109(c) and § 10-116) so the proposed building’s calculated energy use is comparable to the standard design’s budget as the Code intends.
Requirements in detail
Below I break the decision‑relevant dimensions you must follow, with the Code references that require or define them.
Short checklist (high level)
- Use a Commission‑approved ACM / compliance software: § 10-109.
- Apply the Commission’s required modeling assumptions when running that ACM: § 10-109(c) and § 10-116.
- When showing performance compliance, the ACM must produce a proposed‑design energy use that is no greater than the standard‑design energy budget (performance approach language repeated in the Code sections on energy budgets). § 10-116 and performance sections such as Section 170.1 and 140.1 reference these rules.
Decision‑relevant dimensions (table)
| Decision dimension | What the Code requires / how to model it | Code Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Which software/method | Use Commission‑approved ACM or approved alternative method; ACMs are approved under § 10-109. | § 10-109 |
| Modeling assumptions (weather, setpoints, schedules, internal gains) | Use the modeling assumptions specified by the Commission — modeling assumptions are defined and required by § 10-109(c) and § 10-116. | § 10-109(c) / § 10-116 |
| Standard design geometry & orientation | The standard design shall assume the same geometry and orientation as the proposed design (i.e., don’t change orientation in the baseline). | § (standard design notes cited in sections on performance/alterations) |
| Existing efficiency / altered components | For alterations, the “existing efficiency level” modeling rules apply (including nameplate‑data handling) — see the Nonresidential ACM Reference Manual and referenced Code sections 10‑109(c) and 10‑116. | § 10‑109(c) / § 10‑116 |
| Energy budget metric | Performance compliance compares proposed design energy to the standard design energy budget (LSC and/or Source Energy) computed by Commission‑certified software per § 10‑109/§ 10‑116. | § 10-109, § 10‑116, (performance sections e.g., 170.1, 140.1) |
Notes on the table:
- The Code text and definitions repeatedly point the modeler to the ACM Reference Manual and the Commission‑certified software rules when calculating budgets and applying modeling assumptions.
What “modeling assumptions” covers (short list)
- Weather/Climate data (use Commission‑specified files/zone data).
- Thermostat setpoints and schedules (occupied/unoccupied setpoints and schedules per the Commission rules).
- Internal gains (people, lighting, equipment load schedules).
- Geometry / orientation (standard design uses same geometry/orientation as proposed).
- Existing‑efficiency rules and how to treat replaced vs. unaltered components (see Nonresidential ACM Reference Manual and the Code’s notes pointing to Sections 10‑109(c) and 10‑116).
Exceptions & special cases
- The Code text for additions/alterations and altered components gives special treatment for existing systems vs. altered components (for example, the standard design for an altered component may be the higher efficiency of existing conditions or the prescriptive requirement — see the notes to the relevant alteration sections). Those notes explicitly point you to the ACM rules for “existing efficiency level” treatment in § 10‑109(c) and § 10‑116.
- Field verification requirements: where your proposed design depends on higher‑than‑minimum equipment performance, field verification procedures are required (these are described in performance sections and reference appendices; the performance approach language cross‑references the ACM software and manuals).
- Community shared solar / shared BESS: the Code allows Energy Commission‑approved community shared systems to offset required LSC energy in certain cases; methods for that offset are in the ACM manual and in referenced Title 24, Part 1 provisions. Follow the ACM Manual and the specific references cited in the code text.
Common mistakes
- Assuming any modeling practice is allowed — you must use the Commission’s required modeling assumptions (weather, schedules, internal gains, etc.) as specified in § 10‑109(c) and § 10‑116. Don’t substitute your own default schedules unless the ACM or ACM Reference Manual allows it.
- Changing the baseline geometry or orientation — the standard design must assume the same geometry and orientation as the proposed design unless a specific exception applies.
- Forgetting to treat replaced components as “altered components” for the energy budget (the Code’s alteration notes make this explicit). Check the alteration notes and the ACM Reference Manual for “existing efficiency level” rules.
- Using non‑certified software or an uncertified method without a formal Commission approval under § 10‑109. ACMs must be Commission‑approved.
Worked example — a simple performance check (concrete numbers)
Scenario: small office building, ACM run required for performance approach.
- Commission rules: you must run a Commission‑approved ACM and apply Commission modeling assumptions per § 10‑109(c) and § 10‑116.
- Modeling setup (per the Commission assumptions): use the Commission weather file for your climate zone, the prescribed setpoints/schedules and internal gains per the ACM Reference Manual, and keep geometry/orientation the same between proposed and standard designs.
- Calculation (illustrative numbers):
- ACM (properly configured) reports Proposed‑design LSC = 100 LSC units.
- ACM computes Standard‑design energy budget (using mandatory prescriptive baseline with Commission assumptions) = 112 LSC units.
- Result: Proposed (100) ≤ Standard (112) ⇒ building passes performance compliance. (This numeric comparison is the required outcome under the performance approach referenced by the Code.)
Important: the numeric values above are an illustrative arithmetic example only — the Code requires you to use Commission‑certified software and its inputs to produce the actual LSC or Source Energy numbers.
Related provisions
- § 10‑109 — Commission approval and requirements for Alternative Calculation Methods (ACMs).
- § 10‑109(c) — (referenced) modeling assumptions called out for ACMs (see definition of Modeling Assumptions in the Code).
- § 10‑116 — (referenced) rules used together with § 10‑109 for performance calculations and modeling assumptions.
- Section 140.1 / 170.1 (Performance approach & energy budgets) — explains how ACM outputs are used to compare proposed design to the standard design energy budget (references § 10‑109 and § 10‑116).
- Nonresidential / Residential ACM Reference Manuals — the Code points designers to those manuals for detailed rules (e.g., “existing efficiency level” rules). The manuals are referenced from the Code text and are required reading to correctly apply modeling assumptions.
Note on § 100.2: the provided files did not include the text of § 100.2, so I cannot quote or interpret that section from your uploads. If you want a grounded read of § 100.2, please upload the page(s) containing that section or allow me to search external sources.
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Energy Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
§ 141.0 Medium relevance — show source text
Notes to Section 141.0(b)3:
If an existing component must be replaced with a new component, that component is considered an altered component for the purpose of determining the energy budget and must therefore meet the requirements of Section 141.0(b)3.
The standard design assumes the same geometry and orientation as the proposed design.
The “existing efficiency level” modeling rules, including situations where nameplate data is not available, are described in the Nonresidential ACM Reference Manual.
Exception 1 to Section 141.0(b): When heating, cooling or service water heating for an alteration are provided by expanding existing systems, the existing systems and equipment need not comply with Sections 110.0 through 120.9 and Section 140.4 or 140.5.
Exception 2 to Section 141.0(b): When existing heating, cooling or service water heating systems or components are moved within a building, the existing systems or components need not comply with Sections 110.0 through 120.9 and Section 140.4 or 140.5.
Exception 3 to Section 141.0(b): Where an existing system with electric reheat is expanded when adding variable air volume (VAV) boxes to serve an alteration, total electric reheat capacity may be expanded not to exceed 20 percent of the existing installed electric capacity in any one permit and the system need not comply with Section 140.4(g). Additional electric reheat capacity in excess of 20 percent may be added subject to the requirements of Section 140.4(g).
Exception 4 to Section 141.0(b): The requirements of Section 120.2(i) shall not apply to alterations of space-conditioning systems or components.
(c) Repairs. Repairs shall not increase the preexisting energy consumption of the repaired component, system or equipment.
(d) Alternate method of compliance. Any addition, alteration or repair may comply with the requirements of Title 24, Part 6 by meeting the applicable requirements for the entire building.
Note: Authority: Sections 25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402 and 25402.1, Public Resources Code . Reference: Sections 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.5, 25402.8, 25910, and 25943, Public Resources Code .
156 2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE
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NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES— ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS
SECTION 141.1—REQUIREMENTS FOR COVERED PROCESSES IN ADDITIONS, ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL BUILDINGS
Covered processes in additions or alterations to existing buildings that will be nonresidential and hotel/motel occupancies shall comply with the applicable Subsections of Section 120.6 and 140.9.
(a) Lab and Process Facility Exhaust Systems. Additions and alterations to existing laboratories and factories shall meet the requirements of Section 140.9(c).
(b) Computer Rooms. All newly installed computer room cooling systems and uninterruptible power supply systems in additions/alterations shall meet the requirements of Sections 120.6(j), 140.9(a)2 and 140.9(a)4 and comply with Item 1 below.
§ 130.1 Medium relevance — show source text
1(a)2|Required|Required| |Manual Area Controls|130.1(a)3|Only required for new or completely
replaced circuits|Only required for new or completely
replaced circuits| |Multi-Level Controls|130.1(b)|Required|Not Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)1|Required|Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)2|Required|Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)3|Required|Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)4|Required|Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)5|Required|Required| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)6|Required|Required; except for 130.1(c)6D| |Automatic Shut-off Controls|130.1(c)8|Required|Required| |Daylight Responsive
Controls|130.1(d)|Required|Not Required| |Demand Responsive
Controls|110.12(a) and 110.12(c)|Required|Not Required|B. The standard design for an altered component shall be the higher efficiency of existing conditions or the requirements of Section 141.0(b)2. For components not being altered, the standard design shall be based on the unaltered existing conditions such that the standard and proposed designs for these components are identical. C. When the third party verification option is specified, all components proposed for alteration, for which the additional credit is taken, must be verified. The Executive Director shall determine the qualifications required by the third party inspector. D. The proposed design shall be based on the actual values of the altered components.
Notes to Section 141.0(b)3:
If an existing component must be replaced with a new component, that component is considered an altered component for the purpose of determining the energy budget and must therefore meet the requirements of Section 141.0(b)3.
The standard design assumes the same geometry and orientation as the proposed design.
The “existing efficiency level” modeling rules, including situations where nameplate data is not available, are described in the Nonresidential ACM Reference Manual.
Exception 1 to Section 141.0(b): When heating, cooling or service water heating for an alteration are provided by expanding existing systems, the existing systems and equipment need not comply with Sections 110.0 through 120.9 and Section 140.4 or 140.5.
Exception 2 to Section 141.0(b): When existing heating, cooling or service water heating systems or components are moved within a building, the existing systems or components need not comply with Sections 110.0 through 120.9 and Section 140.4 or 140.5.
Exception 3 to Section 141.0(b): Where an existing system with electric reheat is expanded when adding variable air volume (VAV) boxes to serve an alteration, total electric reheat capacity may be expanded not to exceed 20 percent of the existing installed electric capacity in any one permit and the system need not comply with Section 140.4(g). Additional electric reheat capacity in excess of 20 percent may be added subject to the requirements of Section 140.4(g).
Exception 4 to Section 141.0(b): The requirements of Section 120.2(i) shall not apply to alterations of space-conditioning systems or components.
§ 170.0 Medium relevance — show source text
Exception to Section 170.0 (a)3: If a single development falls in more than one climate zone, all buildings in the subdivision or tract may be designed to meet the performance or prescriptive standards for the climate zone that contains 50 percent or more of the dwelling units.
NOTE: The Commission periodically updates, publishes and makes available to interested persons and local enforcement agencies precise descriptions of the climate zones, as specified in Reference Joint Appendix JA2—Weather/Climate Data.
NOTE: The requirements of Sections 170.1(a) through 170.2(e) apply to newly constructed buildings and Sections 180.1 and 180.2 specify changes to the requirements of Sections 170.1(a) through 170.2(e) that apply to additions or alterations.
NOTE: Authority: Sections 25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402 and 25402.1, Public Resources Code . Reference: Sections 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.5, 25402.8 and 25943, Public Resources Code .
SECTION 170.1—PERFORMANCE APPROACH
A building complies with the performance approach if the energy consumption calculated for the proposed design building is no greater than the energy budget calculated for the standard design building using Commission-certified compliance software as specified by Sections 10-109 and 10-116 and the Alternative Calculation Method Reference Manual.
(a) Energy budget. The energy budget is expressed in terms of long-term system cost (LSC) and source energy:
- Long-term system cost (LSC). The LSC energy budget is determined by applying the mandatory and prescriptive requirements of the standard design to the proposed design building and has two components, the Efficiency LSC and the Total LSC.
A. The Efficiency LSC energy is the sum of the LSC energy for space-conditioning, water heating, mechanical ventilation, lighting and the self-utilization credit. B. The Total LSC energy is the sum of the Efficiency LSC energy and LSC energy from the photovoltaic system, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and demand flexibility. 2. Source energy. The source energy budget is determined by applying the mandatory and prescriptive requirements of the standard design, except with a consumer gas or propane water heater, to the proposed design building.
Exception to Section 170.1(a): A community shared solar electric generation system, or other renewable electric generation system, and/or community shared BESS, that provides dedicated power, utility energy reduction credits or payments for energy bill reductions to the permitted building and is approved by the Energy Commission as specified in Title 24, Part 1, Section 10-115, may offset part or all of the solar electric generation system or BESS LSC energy required to comply with the standards, as calculated according to methods established by the Commission in the Nonresidential ACM Reference Manual.
(b) Compliance demonstration requirements for performance standards.
- Certificate of Compliance and Application for a Building Permit. The application for a building permit shall include documentation pursuant to Sections 10-103(a)1 and 10-103(a)2 that demonstrates, using an approved calculation method, that the building has been designed so that its source energy and LSC energy consumption do not exceed the standard design energy budgets for the applicable climate zone.
- Field verification of individual dwelling unit systems.
§ 10-109 Medium relevance — show source text
ELECTRIC VEHICLE SUPPLY EQUIPMENT (EVSE). [BSC-CG, DSA-SS and HCD] The conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded and equipment grounding conductors and the electric vehicle connectors, attachment plugs, personnel protection system, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or apparatus installed specifically for the purpose of transferring energy between the premises wiring and the electric vehicle.
EMBODIED ENERGY. The energy used for raw material extraction, transportation, manufacturing, assembly, installation and disposal during the life of a product, including the potential energy stored within the product.
ENERGY BUDGET. [CEC] The maximum energy consumption that a proposed building, or portion of a building, can be designed to consume, calculated using CEC-approved compliance software as specified in Section 10-109 of the Energy Code (Title 24, Part 6) and the Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Reference Manual. The Energy Budget for the newly constructed buildings is expressed in terms of the Long-term System Cost (LSC) and Source Energy. The energy budget for additions and alterations is expressed in terms of LSC.
ENERGY COMMISSION. The California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission. ENERGY EQUIVALENT (NOISE) LEVEL ( L eq ). The level of a steady noise which would have the same energy as the fluctuating noise level integrated over the time period of interest.
ENFORCING AGENCY. The designated department or agency as specified by statute or regulation.
EUTROPHICATION. The excessive growth of aquatic plants, especially algae, producing bacteria which consume nearly all of the oxygen required to sustain fauna and other flora.
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR (ETAF). [DSA-SS] An adjustment factor when applied to reference evapotranspiration that adjusts for plant factors and irrigation efficiency, which are two major influences on the amount of water that needs to be applied to the landscape.
EXFILTRATION. The uncontrolled outward air leakage from inside a building, including leakage through cracks and interstices, around windows and doors, and through any other exterior partition or duct penetration.
EXPRESSWAY. An arterial highway for through traffic which may have partial control of access, but which may or may not be divided or have grade separations at intersections.
FILM. [BSC-CG] A material adhered to the first surface of glass (surface 1), perforated or printed with patterns as visual markers.
FLOOR AREA RATIO. Gross square footage of all structures on a site divided by gross square footage of the site.
FOOTPRINT AREA. [DSA-SS] The total area of the furthest exterior wall of the structure projected to natural grade, not including exterior areas such as stairs, covered walkways, patios and decks.
FREEWAY. A divided arterial highway with full control of access and with grade separations at intersections.
FRENCH DRAIN. A trench, hole or other depressed area loosely filled with rock, gravel, fragments of brick or similar pervious material used to collect or channel drainage or runoff water.
GEOTHERMAL. [CEC] Renewable energy generated by deep-earth water or steam.
2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE 2-5
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DEFINITIONS
§ 62.1 Medium relevance — show source text
[ASHRAE 62.1:Table 5.16.1] Table 120.1-C, Table 160.2-D Airtightness 150.0(k)1C, 160.5(a)1C Aisle Way 130.1(c)6 Allotment 140.6(b)3, 140.6(c), 170.2(e)3-4 Alterations 10-103(a), 10-103(d)2, 10-106(a), 100.0(e), 100.0-A, Table 120.2-A, 120.6(c), 120.6(e), 130.0(a), 130.0(b), 140.0(c), 141.0, 141.0(b), 141.0(d), 141.1(b-c), 150.0, 150.1(a), 150.1(b)2, 150.2(b), 160.0, Table 160.3-C, 160.5(b), 170.0(a), 180.0, 180.2, 180.2(b) Altered 141.0(b)2C Altered Components 141.0(a)2, 150.2(a)2B, 150.2(b)2A, 180.1(b)2, 180.2(a), 180.2(c) Altered Duct System 141.0(b)2D, 150.2(b)1D, 160.3(d)1, 180.2(b)2A Altered Fenestration Maximum U-Factor and
Maximum RSHGC Table 180.2-B Altered Luminaire 141.0(b)2I, 141.0(b)L, 150.2(b)1K, 180.2(b)4 Altered Ventilation System 150.2(b)1M, 180.2(b)5B Altered Vertical Fenestration
Maximum U-Factor and
Maximum RSHGC Table 141.0-A Alternate Lighting Sources 140.8(b), 170.2(e)7B Alternating Current-Output Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) 140.9(a)4 Alternating Current-Output Uninterruptible Power Supply Minimum Average Efficiency Table 140.9-B Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Approval Manual 150.1(b) Alternative Plumbing 110.10(b)1A , 110.10(b)1B Alternative Procedure 10-109(h), 150.1(c)7 , 150.2(b)1F, 170.2(c)3B, 180.2(b)2A Aluminum-pigmented 110.8(i)4B Ambient Air 120.7(a-c) , 140.3(a)7 , 141.0(b)1 , 141.0(b)1C, 150.0(a), 150.0(c), 150.0(d), 160.1(a), 160.1(b), 160.1(c), 170.2(a)4, 170.2(d)2F, 180.2(a) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 150.0(m)1 , 150.0(p) ANSI/AHRI 110.
§ 10-109 Medium relevance — show source text
EMITTANCE, THERMAL is the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a sample to that emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature.
ENCLOSED SPACE is space that is substantially surrounded by solid surfaces, including walls, ceilings or roofs, doors, fenestration areas, and floors or ground.
ENERGY BUDGET is the maximum energy consumption that a proposed building, or portion of a building, can be designed to consume, calculated using Commission-approved compliance software as specified by Section 10-109 of the Energy Code and the Alternative Calculation Method Reference Manual. The energy budget for newly constructed buildings are expressed in terms of the Long-Term System Cost (LSC) and Source Energy. The energy budget for additions and alterations is expressed in terms of LSC.
ENERGY COMMISSION (CEC) is the California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO (EER) is the ratio of net cooling capacity (in Btu/hr) to total rate of electrical energy input (in watts), of a cooling system under designated operating conditions, as determined using the applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations or Section 110.2.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO 2 (EER2) is the ratio of the average rate of space cooling capacity (Btu/h) delivered to the average rate of electrical energy consumed by the air conditioner or heat pump as determined in accordance to the test method in 10CFR430 Subpart B Appendix M1. EER is expressed in Btu/Wh.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM (EMCS) is an automated control system that regulates the energy consumption of a building by controlling the operation of energy-consuming systems and is capable of monitoring loads and adjusting operations in order to optimize energy usage and respond to demand response signals.
ENERGY OBTAINED FROM DEPLETABLE SOURCES is electricity purchased from a public utility, or any energy obtained from coal, oil, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gases.
ENERGY OBTAINED FROM NONDEPLETABLE SOURCES is energy that is not energy obtained from depletable sources.
ENFORCEMENT AGENCY is the city, county or state agency responsible for issuing a building permit.
ENTHALPY RECOVERY RATIO (ERR) is a ratio of the change in enthalpy of the outdoor air supply to the difference in enthalpy between the entering supply airflow and the entering exhaust airflow, with no adjustment to account for that portion of the psychometric change in the leaving supply airflow that is the result of leakage of entering exhaust airflow rather than exchange of heat or moisture between the airstreams.
ENTIRE BUILDING is the ensemble of all enclosed space in a building, including the space for which a permit is sought, plus all existing conditioned and unconditioned space within the structure.
ENVELOPE (See “Building envelope.”)
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR is the Executive Director of the Energy Commission.
EXFILTRATION is uncontrolled outward air leakage from inside a building, including leakage through cracks and interstices, around windows and doors, and through any other exterior partition or duct penetration.
EXTERIOR FLOOR/SOFFIT is a horizontal exterior partition, or a horizontal demising partition, under conditioned space. For low-rise residential occupancies, exterior floors also include those on grade.
EXTERIOR PARTITION is an opaque, translucent or transparent solid barrier that separates conditioned space from ambient air or space. For low-rise residential occupancies, exterior partitions also include barriers that separate conditioned space from unconditioned space, or the ground.
§ 52.2 Medium relevance — show source text
2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 23
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ALL OCCUPANCIES—GENERAL PROVISIONS
or heat recovery ventilation (HRV) are not considered mechanical cooling. In nonresidential, multifamily buildings and hotel/motel buildings, cooling of a space by direct or indirect evaporation of water alone is not considered mechanical cooling.
MECHANICAL HEATING is raising the temperature within a space using electric resistance heaters, fossil fuel burners, heat pumps or other systems that require energy to directly condition the space. Systems that only use solar energy or heat recovery as the heat source are not mechanical heating systems.
MERV is the minimum efficiency reporting value as determined by ASHRAE Standard 52.2 Method of Testing General Ventilation AirCleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size.
METAL BUILDING is a complete integrated set of mutually dependent components and assemblies that form a building, which consists of a steel-framed superstructure and metal skin. This does not include structural glass or metal panels such as in a curtainwall system.
MICROCHANNEL CONDENSER is an air-cooled condenser for refrigeration systems which utilizes multiple small parallel gas flow passages in a flat configuration with fin surfaces bonded between the parallel gas passages.
MINISPLIT AIR CONDITIONERS AND HEAT PUMPS are air conditioner or heat pump systems that have a single outdoor section and one or more indoor sections. The indoor sections cycle on and off in unison in response to a single indoor thermostat.
MODELING ASSUMPTIONS are the conditions (such as weather conditions, thermostat settings and schedules, internal gain schedules, etc.) that are used for calculating a building’s annual energy consumption as specified in Section 10-109(c) and Section 10-116.
MULTIFAMILY BUILDING is any of the following:
A building of Occupancy Group R-2, other than a hotel/motel building or timeshare property,
A building of Occupancy Group R-3 that is a nontransient congregate residence, other than boarding houses of more than 6 guests and alcohol or drug abuse recovery homes of more than 6 guests, or
A building of Occupancy Group R-4.
MULTIPLE-SPLIT AIR CONDITIONERS AND HEAT PUMPS are air conditioner or heat pump systems that have two or more indoor sections. The indoor sections operate independently and can be used to condition multiple zones in response to multiple indoor thermostats.
MULTIPLE ZONE SYSTEM (or multi-zone system) is a space conditioning system that conditions more than one space conditioning zone, each of which has one or more devices (such as dampers, cooling coils and heating coils) that regulate airflow, cooling or heating capacity to the zone.
NATURAL GAS AVAILABILITY. For newly constructed buildings, natural gas is available if a gas service line can be connected to the site without a gas main extension. For addition and alteration, natural gas is available if a gas service line is connected to the existing building.
NEEA is the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance.
NEEA ADVANCED WATER HEATER SPECIFICATION is the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) specification version 8.1, effective date July 15, 2024, for heat pump water heaters.
NET EXHAUST FLOW RATE is the exhaust flow rate for a hood, minus any internal discharge makeup air flow rate.
§ 2.2. Medium relevance — show source text
2.2. Reasons for System Selection
[Reasons that the selected landscape irrigation systems are a better choice than alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility, simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, utility company incentives, owner preference, cost, owner preferences, ease of maintenance, etc.)]
2.3. Landscape Irrigation System Calculations
[Describe sizing calculation method, assumptions and results]
3. Water Reuse Systems
3.1. Narrative Description of System A. [System type(s), location, space requirements, equipment requirements, control type, performance, efficiency, potable water savings, payback period] B. [Describe how system meets any special requirements listed in the Owner’s Project Requirements document.]
3.2. Reasons for System Selection
[Reasons that the selected water reuse systems are a better choice than alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility, simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, utility company incentives, owner preference, space constraints, cost, owner preferences, ease of maintenance, etc.)]
3.3. Water Reuse System Calculations
8-26 2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
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COMPLIANCE FORMS, WORKSHEETS AND REFERENCE MATERIAL
BASIS OF DESIGN (BOD)
COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
[Describe sizing calculation method, assumptions and results]
INCORPORATE THIS FORM IN THE PLANS
Project Address: ________________________________________________________
Permit Number: _____________________________
ITEM # BOD ITEMS PAGE NUMBER IN
BOD DOCUMENTRENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS (IF ANY) 1 Narrative description of system (i.e., system type(s), location, inverter type, control type, performance,
efficiency, energy savings, payback period, other)2 Description of how the system meets requirements listed in OPR 3 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, etc.)4 Renewable energy system generation calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 5 Narrative description of system (i.e. system type(s), location, control type, performance, efficiency, water
savings, other)6 Description of how the system meets requirements in OPR 7 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
cost, utility company incentives, etc.)8 Landscape irrigation system calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results WATER REUSE SYSTEM (IF ANY) 11 Narrative description of system (i.e., system type(s), location, space requirements, equipment requirements,
control type, performance, efficiency, potable water savings, payback period, other)12 Description of how the system meets requirements in OPR 13 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
simplicity, cost, payback period, etc.)14 Water reuse system calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results § 1.5.1 Medium relevance — show source text
Theoretical methods being developed offer an alternative to the full-scale fire tests discussed above. For example, Section 4302(b) of the 1979 edition of the Uniform Building Code specifically allows an engineering design for fire resistance in lieu of conducting full-scale tests. These techniques draw upon computer simulation and mathematical modeling, thermodynamics, heatflow analysis and materials science to predict the fire performance of building materials and assemblies.
One theoretical method, known as the “Ten Rules of Fire Endurance Ratings,” was published by T. Z. Harmathy in the May, 1965 edition of Fire Technology (see Bibliography entry 35). Harmathy’s Rules provide a foundation for extending the data within the Appendix tables to analyze or upgrade current as well as archaic building materials or assemblies.
HARMATHY'S TEN RULES
Rule 1: The “thermal” fire endurance of a construction consisting of a number of parallel layers is greater than the sum of the “thermal” fire endurances characteristic of the individual layers when exposed separately to fire. (Note: The “thermal” fire endurance is the time at which the average temperature on the unexposed side of a construction exceeds its initial value by 250°F (121°C) when the other side is exposed to the “standard” fire specified by ASTM Test Method E-19.)
The minimum performance of an untested assembly can be estimated if the fire endurance of the individual components is known. Though the exact rating of the assembly cannot be stated, the endurance of the assembly is greater than the sum of the endurance of the components.
When a building assembly or component is found to be deficient, the fire endurance can be upgraded by providing a protective membrane. This membrane could be a new layer of brick, plaster or drywall. The fire endurance of this membrane is called the “finish rating.” Appendix tables 1.5.1 and 1.5.2 contain the finish ratings for the most commonly employed materials. (See also the notes to Rule 2.)
The test criteria for the finish rating is the same as for the thermal fire endurance of the total assembly: average temperature increases of 250°F (121°C) above ambient or 325°F (163°C) above ambient at any one place with the membrane being exposed to the fire. The temperature is measured at the interface of the assembly and the protective membrane.
Rule 2: The fire endurance of a construction does not decrease with the addition of further layers.
Harmathy notes that this rule is a consequence of the previous rule. Its validity follows from the fact that the additional layers increase both the resistance to heat flow and the heat capacity of the construction. This, in turn, reduces the rate of temperature rise at the unexposed surface.
This rule is not just restricted to “thermal” performance but affects the other fire test criteria: direct flame passage, cotton waste ignition and load bearing performance. This means that certain restrictions must be imposed on the materials to be added and on the loading conditions. One restriction is that a new layer, if applied to the exposed surface, must not produce additional thermal stresses in the construction, i.e., its thermal expansion characteristics must be similar to those of the adjacent layer. Each new layer must also be capable of contributing enough additional strength to the assembly to sustain the added dead load. If this requirement is not fulfilled, the allowable live load must be reduced by an amount equal to the weight of the new layer. Because of these limitations, this rule should not be applied without careful consideration.
2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE RESOURCE A-9
§ 10-109 Medium relevance — show source text
(b) Performance approach. A building complies with the performance approach if the energy consumption calculated for the proposed design building is no greater than the energy budget calculated for the standard design building using Commission-certified compliance software as specified by Sections 10-109(c) and 10-116.
- Energy budget. The energy budget is expressed in terms of source energy and long-term system cost (LSC). A. Long-term system cost (LSC). The LSC energy budget is determined by applying the mandatory and prescriptive requirements of the standard design to the proposed design building and has two components, the Efficiency LSC and the Total LSC.
i. The Efficiency LSC energy is the sum of the LSC energy for space-conditioning, water heating, mechanical ventilation, and the self-utilization credit.
ii. The Total LSC energy is the sum of the Efficiency LSC energy and LSC energy from the photovoltaic system, battery energy storage systems (BESS), lighting, demand flexibility, and other plug loads. B. Source energy. The source energy budget is determined by applying the mandatory and prescriptive requirements of the standard design to the proposed design building. The source energy is the total annual source energy. Exception to Section 150.1(b)1. A community shared solar electric generation system, or other renewable electric generation system, or community shared BESS, which provides dedicated power, utility energy reduction credits, or payments for energy bill reductions to the permitted building and is approved by the Energy Commission as specified in Title 24, Part 1, Section 10-115, may offset part or all of the solar electric generation system and demand flexibility Energy Design Rating required to comply with the Standards, as calculated according to methods established by the Commission in the Residential ACM Reference Manual.
- Compliance demonstration requirements for performance standards. A. Certificate of compliance and application for a building permit. The application for a building permit shall include documentation pursuant to Sections 10-103(a)1 and 10-103(a)2 which demonstrates, using an approved calculation method, that the building has been designed so that its energy consumption does not exceed the standard design energy budgets for the applicable climate zone. Exception to Section 150.1(b)2A Multiple orientation: A permit applicant may demonstrate compliance with the energy budget requirements of Section 150.1(a) and (b) for any orientation of the same building model if the documentation demonstrates that the building model with its proposed designs and features would comply in each of the four cardinal orientations.
B. Field verification. When performance of installed features, materials, components, manufactured devices or systems above the minimum specified in Section 150.1(c) is necessary for the building to comply with Section 150.1(b), or is necessary to achieve a more stringent local ordinance, field verification shall be performed in accordance with the applicable requirements in the following subsections, and the results of the verification(s) shall be documented on applicable certificates of installation pursuant to Section 10-103(a)3 and applicable certificates of verification pursuant to Section 10-103(a)5. i. EER2/SEER2/CEER/HSPF2 Rating. When performance compliance requires installation of a space-conditioning system with a rating that is greater than the minimum rating required by Table 150.1-A or specified for the standard design, the installed system shall be field verified in accordance with the procedures specified in the applicable sections of Reference Residential Appendix RA3.4. ii. **Variable capacity heat pump (VCHP) compliance option.
§ 10-109 Medium relevance — show source text
DISPOSAL. The management of solid waste through land- filling or transformation at permitted solid waste facilities.
DIVERSION. Activities which reduce or eliminate the amount of solid waste from solid waste disposal for purposes of this code.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV). [BSC-CG, HCD] An automotive-type vehicle for on-road use, such as passenger automobiles, buses, trucks, vans, neighborhood electric vehicles, electric motorcycles and the like, primarily powered by an electric motor that draws current from a rechargeable storage battery, fuel cell, photovoltaic array or other source of electric current. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) are considered electric vehicles. For purposes of the California Electrical Code, off-road, self-propelled electric vehicles, such as industrial trucks, hoists, lifts, transports, golf carts, airline ground support equipment, tractors, boats and the like, are not included.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CAPABLE SPACE. [BSC-CG, DSA-SS and HCD] A vehicle space with electrical panel space and load capacity to support a branch circuit and necessary raceways, both underground and/or surface mounted, to support EV charging.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGER. [BSC-CG, HCD] Off-board charging equipment used to charge an electric vehicle.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING SPACE (EV SPACE). [HCD] A space intended for future installation of EV charging equipment and charging of electric vehicles.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION (EVCS). [BSC-CG, DSA-SS, HCD] One or more electric vehicle charging spaces served by EVSE or receptacle(s).
ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) READY SPACE. [HCD] A vehicle space which is provided with a branch circuit; any necessary raceways, both underground and/or surface mounted; to accommodate EV charging, terminating in a receptacle or a charger.
ELECTRIC VEHICLE SUPPLY EQUIPMENT (EVSE). [BSC-CG, DSA-SS and HCD] The conductors, including the ungrounded, grounded and equipment grounding conductors and the electric vehicle connectors, attachment plugs, personnel protection system, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets or apparatus installed specifically for the purpose of transferring energy between the premises wiring and the electric vehicle.
EMBODIED ENERGY. The energy used for raw material extraction, transportation, manufacturing, assembly, installation and disposal during the life of a product, including the potential energy stored within the product.
ENERGY BUDGET. [CEC] The maximum energy consumption that a proposed building, or portion of a building, can be designed to consume, calculated using CEC-approved compliance software as specified in Section 10-109 of the Energy Code (Title 24, Part 6) and the Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Reference Manual. The Energy Budget for the newly constructed buildings is expressed in terms of the Long-term System Cost (LSC) and Source Energy. The energy budget for additions and alterations is expressed in terms of LSC.
ENERGY COMMISSION. The California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission. ENERGY EQUIVALENT (NOISE) LEVEL ( L eq ). The level of a steady noise which would have the same energy as the fluctuating noise level integrated over the time period of interest.
ENFORCING AGENCY. The designated department or agency as specified by statute or regulation.
§ 130.5 Medium relevance — show source text
ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS. The following definitions are intended to apply to Section 130.5 only:
ELECTRICAL METERING is a device or system for measuring the electrical power and energy supplied to a customer or premise(s).
2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 13
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
ALL OCCUPANCIES—GENERAL PROVISIONS
EQUIPMENT. A general term, including devices, luminaires, apparatus, machinery, and the like used as a part of, or in connection with, an electrical installation.
LOW VOLTAGE DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER is a distribution transformer that has an input voltage of 600 volts or less, that is air-cooled, and that does not use oil as a coolant.
PLUG LOAD is the energy consumed by any appliances or electronic device that is plugged into a receptacle or receptacle outlet. Plug loads are not related to general lighting, heating, ventilation, cooling, and water heating, domestic and service water system, renewable power, information technology equipment, computer room electronic equipment, and electric vehicle charging.
SERVICE is the conductors and equipment for delivering electric energy from the serving utility to the wiring system of the premise served.
SERVICE EQUIPMENT is the necessary equipment, usually consisting of a circuit breaker(s) or switch(es) and fuse(s) and their accessories, connected to the load end of service conductors to a building or other structure, or an otherwise designated area, and intended to constitute the main control and cutoff of the supply.
ELECTRONICALLY-COMMUTATED MOTOR is a brushless DC motor with a permanent magnet rotor that is surrounded by stationary motor windings, and an electronic controller that varies rotor speed and direction by sequentially supplying DC current to the windings.
EMITTANCE, THERMAL is the ratio of the radiant heat flux emitted by a sample to that emitted by a blackbody radiator at the same temperature.
ENCLOSED SPACE is space that is substantially surrounded by solid surfaces, including walls, ceilings or roofs, doors, fenestration areas, and floors or ground.
ENERGY BUDGET is the maximum energy consumption that a proposed building, or portion of a building, can be designed to consume, calculated using Commission-approved compliance software as specified by Section 10-109 of the Energy Code and the Alternative Calculation Method Reference Manual. The energy budget for newly constructed buildings are expressed in terms of the Long-Term System Cost (LSC) and Source Energy. The energy budget for additions and alterations is expressed in terms of LSC.
ENERGY COMMISSION (CEC) is the California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO (EER) is the ratio of net cooling capacity (in Btu/hr) to total rate of electrical energy input (in watts), of a cooling system under designated operating conditions, as determined using the applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations or Section 110.2.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO 2 (EER2) is the ratio of the average rate of space cooling capacity (Btu/h) delivered to the average rate of electrical energy consumed by the air conditioner or heat pump as determined in accordance to the test method in 10CFR430 Subpart B Appendix M1. EER is expressed in Btu/Wh.
§ 19428-2959 Medium relevance — show source text
ASTM E972-96 (2021) Standard Test Method for Solar Photometric Transmittance of Sheet Materials Using Sunlight
ASTM E1175-87 (2022) Standard Test Method for Determining Solar or Photopic Reflectance, Transmittance, and Absorptance of Materials Using a Large Diameter Integrating Sphere
ASTM E1677-23 Standard Specification for Air Barrier (AB) Material or Assemblies for Low-Rise Framed Building Walls
ASTM E1680-16 (2022) Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems
ASTM E1918-21 Standard Test Method for Measuring Solar Reflectance of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Surfaces in the Field
ASTM E1980-11 (2019) Standard Practice for Calculating Solar Reflectance Index of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Opaque Surfaces
ASTM E2178-21a Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate and Calculation of Air Permeance of Building Materials
ASTM E2357-23a Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate of Air Barrier Assemblies
ASTM E3087-18 Standard Test Method for Measuring Capture Efficiency of Domestic Range Hoods
Available from: ASTM International
100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 (800) 262-1373 or (610) 832-9500
ASSOCIATION OF HOME APPLIANCE MANUFACTURERS
AHAM HRH-2 Jan. 23, 2020 Residential Kitchen Range Hood Performance Test Procedures
AHAM RKRH-CPPG-2022 Residential Kitchen Range Hood Certification Program Procedural Guide (2022) Version 3.1
Available from: Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers 1111 19th Street, NW, Suite 402 (202) 872-5955Washington, DC 20036 www.aham.org
CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
2025 California Building Code
2025 California Electrical Code
2025 California Fire Code
2025 California Mechanical Code
2025 California Plumbing Code Available from: California Building Standards Commission 2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130 Sacramento, CA 95833-2936 (916) 263-0916 www.bsc.ca.gov
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
Appliance Efficiency Regulations
Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual
Available from: California Energy Commission 715 P Street Sacramento, CA 95814 (916) 654-5106 or (800) 772-3300 (in California) www.energy.ca.gov/title24
2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 291
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
STANDARDS AND DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN THE ENERGY CODE
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS
Standards for Insulating Material
Available from: California Department of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Household Goods and Services 4244 South Market Court, Suite D Sacramento, California 95834-1243 (916) 999-2041
CERTIFYING ORGANIZATION
CIE 13.3-1995 Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources
CIE 015-2018 Technical Report: Colorimetry, 4th Edition
COOLING TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
§ 5.410.2.2 Medium relevance — show source text
COMPLIANCE TEMPLATE
Documentation of the Basis of Design (BOD) is a step required for compliance with CALGreen Code, Section 5.410.2.2, for newly constructed buildings greater than 10,000 square feet. This template is a guide for use by the design team.
1. Renewable Energy Systems
1.1. Narrative Description of System A. [System type(s), location, inverter type, control type, performance, efficiency, energy savings, payback period] B. [Describe how system meets any special requirements listed in the Owner’s Project Requirements document.]
1.2. Reasons for System Selection
[Reasons that the selected renewable energy systems are a better choice than alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility, simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, utility company incentives, owner preference, space constraints, cost, owner preferences, ease of maintenance, etc.)]
1.3. Renewable Energy System Generation Calculations
[Describe sizing calculation method, assumptions and results]
2. Landscape Irrigation Systems
2.1. Narrative Description of System A. [System type(s), location, control type, performance, efficiency, water savings] B. [Describe how system meets any special requirements listed in the Owner’s Project Requirements document.]
2.2. Reasons for System Selection
[Reasons that the selected landscape irrigation systems are a better choice than alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility, simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, utility company incentives, owner preference, cost, owner preferences, ease of maintenance, etc.)]
2.3. Landscape Irrigation System Calculations
[Describe sizing calculation method, assumptions and results]
3. Water Reuse Systems
3.1. Narrative Description of System A. [System type(s), location, space requirements, equipment requirements, control type, performance, efficiency, potable water savings, payback period] B. [Describe how system meets any special requirements listed in the Owner’s Project Requirements document.]
3.2. Reasons for System Selection
[Reasons that the selected water reuse systems are a better choice than alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility, simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, utility company incentives, owner preference, space constraints, cost, owner preferences, ease of maintenance, etc.)]
3.3. Water Reuse System Calculations
8-26 2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
COMPLIANCE FORMS, WORKSHEETS AND REFERENCE MATERIAL
BASIS OF DESIGN (BOD)
COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
[Describe sizing calculation method, assumptions and results]
INCORPORATE THIS FORM IN THE PLANS
Project Address: ________________________________________________________
Permit Number: _____________________________
§ 8-27 Medium relevance — show source text
ITEM # BOD ITEMS PAGE NUMBER IN
BOD DOCUMENTRENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS (IF ANY) 1 Narrative description of system (i.e., system type(s), location, inverter type, control type, performance,
efficiency, energy savings, payback period, other)2 Description of how the system meets requirements listed in OPR 3 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
simplicity, expandability, cost, payback period, etc.)4 Renewable energy system generation calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 5 Narrative description of system (i.e. system type(s), location, control type, performance, efficiency, water
savings, other)6 Description of how the system meets requirements in OPR 7 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
cost, utility company incentives, etc.)8 Landscape irrigation system calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results WATER REUSE SYSTEM (IF ANY) 11 Narrative description of system (i.e., system type(s), location, space requirements, equipment requirements,
control type, performance, efficiency, potable water savings, payback period, other)12 Description of how the system meets requirements in OPR 13 Reasons for system selection, as opposed to alternatives (e.g., performance, efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
simplicity, cost, payback period, etc.)14 Water reuse system calculations: sizing calculation method, assumptions and results Architect/Engineer/Designer Acknowledgement
I hereby acknowledge the Basis of Design (BOD) document has been completed and meets the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR).Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 Name License Number Signature Date Architect of Record Landscape Architect Renewable Energy System Designer Other (specify): Commissioning Agent Acknowledgment
I have reviewed the Basis of Design (BOD) and verified that it meets the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR):
Name: _____________________________________________
Company Name (if applicable): ____________________________________________
Agent’s Signature: __________________________________ Date: ___________
2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE 8-27
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
COMPLIANCE FORMS, WORKSHEETS AND REFERENCE MATERIAL
Cx MEASURES IN CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
COMPLIANCE FORM
The following form may be required to be printed on the permit set of construction drawings or submitted separately.
CALGreen Commissioning Requirement 5.410.2, Commissioning Measures in the Construction Documents
5.410.2. Commissioning measures shall be shown in the construction documents.
The commissioning measures shown in the construction documents include the checked elements listed below and have been approved by the owner, owner’s representative or designer of record.
Col1 COMMISSIONING MEASURE ELEMENTS1 INCLUDED 1. § 95833-2936 Medium relevance — show source text
CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
2025 California Building Code
2025 California Electrical Code
2025 California Fire Code
2025 California Mechanical Code
2025 California Plumbing Code Available from: California Building Standards Commission 2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130 Sacramento, CA 95833-2936 (916) 263-0916 www.bsc.ca.gov
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
Appliance Efficiency Regulations
Alternative Calculation Method (ACM) Manual
Available from: California Energy Commission 715 P Street Sacramento, CA 95814 (916) 654-5106 or (800) 772-3300 (in California) www.energy.ca.gov/title24
2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE 291
on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.
STANDARDS AND DOCUMENTS REFERENCED IN THE ENERGY CODE
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS
Standards for Insulating Material
Available from: California Department of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Household Goods and Services 4244 South Market Court, Suite D Sacramento, California 95834-1243 (916) 999-2041
CERTIFYING ORGANIZATION
CIE 13.3-1995 Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources
CIE 015-2018 Technical Report: Colorimetry, 4th Edition
COOLING TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
CTI ATC-105 (19) Acceptance Test Code for Cooling Towers
CTI ATC-105DS (18) Acceptance Test Code for Dry Fluid Coolers
CTI ATC-105S (11) Acceptance Test Code for Closed-Circuit Cooling Towers
CTI ATC-106 (11) Acceptance Test Code for Mechanical Draft Evaporative Vapor Condensers
CTI STD-201 RS (17) Standard for the Certification of Water-Cooling Tower Thermal Performance
Available from: Cooling Technology Institute 3845 Cypress Creek Parkway, Suite 420 Houston, Texas 77068 PO Box 681807
Houston, TX 77268 (281) 583-4087
COOL ROOF RATING COUNCIL
CRRC-1 (2023) Roof Product Rating Program Manual CRRC-1
HOME VENTILATING INSTITUTE
HVI Publication 915-2020 HVI Loudness Testing and Rating Procedure
HVI Publication 916-2020 HVI Airflow Test Procedure
HVI Publication 920-2020 HVI Product Performance Certification Procedure Including Verification and Challenge
Available from: Home Ventilating Institute 1740 Dell Range Blvd., Suite H, PMB 450 Cheyenne, WY 82009 (855) 484-8368 www.hvi.org
ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY
The IES Lighting Library [TM]
ANSI/IES LM-51-20 Approved Method: Electrical and Photometric Measurement of High Intensity Discharge Lamps an American National Standard
ANSI/IES LM-65-20 (R2023) Approved Method: Life Testing of Single-Based Fluorescent Lamps an American National Standard
ANSI/IES LM-66-20 (R2023) Approved Method: Electrical and Photometric Measurements of Single-Based Fluorescent Lamps an American National Standard
292 2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE
§ 10-109. Medium relevance — show source text
AIR-TO-WATER HEAT PUMP (AWHP) is a factory-made packaged heat pump system containing one or more compressors and heat exchangers for transferring heat between refrigerant and air, as well as between refrigerant and water, and various other components. Its primary purpose is to generate heated or cooled water to meet space conditioning loads, domestic hot water loads, or both.
ALTERATION is any change to a building’s water-heating system, space-conditioning system, lighting system, electrical power distribution system, or envelope that is not an addition. Alteration is also any change that is regulated by Part 6 to an outdoor lighting system that is not an addition. Alteration is also any change that is regulated by Part 6 to signs located either indoors or outdoors. Alteration is also any change that is regulated by Part 6 to a covered process that is not an addition. (See also “fenestration alteration.”)
ALTERED COMPONENT is a component that has undergone an alteration.
ALTERNATING CURRENT-OUTPUT UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (AC-OUTPUT UPS) is a combination of converters, switches and energy storage devices, such as batteries, constituting a power system for maintaining continuity of load power in case of input power failure. Input power failure occurs when voltage and frequency are outside rated steady-state and transient tolerance bands or when distortion or interruptions are outside the limits specified for the uninterruptible power supply. An AC-output UPS is an uninterruptible power supply that supplies power with a continuous flow of electric charge that periodically reverses direction.
ALTERNATIVE CALCULATION METHODS (ACM) are compliance software, or alternative component packages, or exceptional methods approved by the Commission under Section 10-109. ACMs are also referred to as Compliance Software.
AMCA is the Air Movement and Control Association.
ANNUAL FUEL UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY (AFUE) is a measure of the percentage of heat from the combustion of gas or oil which is transferred to the space being heated during a year, as determined using the applicable test method in the Appliance Efficiency Regulations or Section 110.2.
ANNUNCIATED is a type of visual signaling device that indicates the on, off, or other status of a load.
ANSI is the American National Standards Institute.
ANSI/AMCA 220 is the Air Movement and Control Association document titled “Laboratory Methods for Testing Air Curtain Units for Aerodynamic Performance Rating,” 2021 (ANSI/AMCA 220-21).
ANSI/AHRI 390 is the Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute document titled “Performance Rating of Single Package Vertical Air-Conditioners and Heat Pumps,” 2003 (ANSI/AHRI Standard 390 (I-P)-2003).
ANSI/AMCA 208 is the Air Movement and Control Association document titled “Calculation of the Fan Energy Index,” 2018 (ANSI/AMCA 208-18).
ANSI/AMCA 210 is the Air Movement and Control Association document titled “Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating,” 2016 (ANSI/AMCA 210-16).
ANSI/AMCA STANDARD 500-D is the American National Standards Institute / Air Movement and Control Association document titled “Laboratory Methods of Testing Dampers for Rating,” 2018 (ANSI/AMCA 500-D-2018).
California Energy Code Medium relevance — show source text
|TYPICAL
DISTRIBUTION TRENCH
Joint Trench − Franchise Area or P.U.E.
18 INCHES
MINIMUM
STREET
SIDE
MIN.
24"
(NON PG&E)
(PREFERRED)
**
Minimum
T C SL 5"
54"
6"
G 5"
See Note 5
7"
3" MIN
P SL S 7"
FIG. 1
Placement of the Distribution Trench within a P.U.E. is the preferred method. Trenching in the
Franchise Area should only be used when a P.U.E. is unobtainable or otherwise infeasible.
Increase cover to 30" in the street area (see Note 3).
** Separation must be 12" unless a reduction (6") is mutually agreed upon by affected utilities.|TYPICAL
SERVICE TRENCH
18 INCHES
MINIMUM
*
18"
MINIMUM
T C (SEE NOTE 7) 3"
39"
12"
6"
S Min. G 4"
BEDDING MATERIAL 2"
FIG. 2
(View facing Distribution Trench)
MINIMUM SEPARATION AND
CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS
DUCT DB
G T T C S P
G (GAS) SEE NOTES 4, 7 & 13 12" 12" 12" 6" 12"
T (TELEPHONE) DUCT 12" 1" 1" 12" 12"
T (TELEPHONE) DIRECT 12" 1" 1" 12" 12"
BURY
C (CATV) 12" 1" 1" 12" 12"
S (ELECTRIC SECONDARY) 6" 12" 12" 12" 3"
P (ELECTRIC PRIMARY) 12" 12" 12" 12" 3"
SEE
SL (STREETLIGHT) 6" 12" 12" 12" 1" 3"
NOTE 5
SEPARATION AND CLEARANCE DEFINITIONS
Cover:
The term cover" means the radial distance between the sur-
face of an underground cable, conduit, pipe, or other substruc-
ture and the surface elevation (grade).
Backfill:
The term backfill" refers to the materials used to refill a cut or
other excavation, or the act of such refilling after any needed
shading is performed.
Shading:
The term shading" refers to the materials used to provide a
measure of separation between facilities installed at different
levels within an excavation or cut.
Lift:
The term lift" is a layer of fill as spread or as compacted or a
measurement of material depth that is the rated effective soil
depth a compactor can achieve.
Bedding:
The term bedding" refers to the materials installed beneath
facilities at the bottom of a cut or other excavation and in-
tended to provide support and/or protection for those facilities.
Frequently asked questions
Do I always have to use Commission‑approved ACM software to show performance compliance?
Yes. Performance compliance must be demonstrated using Commission‑approved ACMs or methods approved under § 10‑109; those ACMs are the required compliance software.
Where do I get the modeling assumptions to put into the ACM?
The modeling assumptions are specified by the Commission and referenced in § 10‑109(c) and § 10‑116; the Code and ACM Reference Manual provide the specifics (weather files, setpoints, internal gains, etc.).
For an alteration, do I model replaced equipment as new or existing?
If a component is replaced it is considered an altered component for determining the energy budget; the “existing efficiency level” modeling rules (and exceptions) are described in the ACM Reference Manual and cross‑referenced to § 10‑109(c) and § 10‑116.
Can I change the baseline building orientation to get a better result?
No. The Code explicitly directs that the standard design shall assume the same geometry and orientation as the proposed design (i.e., do not change orientation between baseline and proposed).
I don’t see § 100.2 in my copy of the Code — is that required here?
I could not find § 100.2 in the files you provided, so I can’t say what it requires. If you want interpretation or application of § 100.2, please provide that section or allow a lookup of the official text.
More in California Energy Code
- Compliance paths, energy budgets, performance modeling and forms/software requirements
- Controls, commissioning, demand-response, sensors, and field verification/diagnostic testing
- Domestic hot water systems, efficiency, controls and installation requirements
- Electrical infrastructure, EV charging readiness, load management and demand controls
- Envelope construction, insulation, fenestration and thermal performance
- HVAC systems, ventilation rates, ducting, controls and testing
- Interior and exterior lighting power, controls and daylighting requirements
- Mandatory measures, appliance efficiency and certification requirements
- Photovoltaic requirements, BESS (battery energy storage) sizing and SARA procedures
- Reference appendices, test procedures, product certification and labeling requirements
- Scope, applicability, definitions and administrative requirements
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