Title 24 · California Energy Code
Fenestration ratings, installation, and special glazing systems
This hub explains where the California Energy Code sets performance, rating, labeling, installation, and special glazing (dynamic/chromogenic) rules for windows, doors, skylights and related systems.
Last reviewed: July 6, 2026
Overview
This part of the California Energy Code covers how windows, glazed doors, skylights, curtain walls and other fenestration are rated, labeled, installed, and accepted for compliance. Mandatory product performance (air leakage, U‑factor, SHGC, VT) and labeling rules are set out in §110.6, with default values and tables (e.g., Table 110.6‑A/B) for unrated or field‑fabricated products; air‑leakage limits and certification requirements are explicitly required for manufactured products .
Prescriptive and trade‑off limits for building compliance (fenestration area, weighted U‑factor and SHGC/RSHGC, visible transmittance and daylighting rules) appear in related performance and prescriptive sections such as §150.1 and §170.2, and alteration rules in §180.2 for replacements and repairs. The Code also incorporates NFRC procedures (NFRC 100/200/202/203 and NFRC‑400) and reference appendices (e.g., NA6/NA7) for rating methods, default calculations, and site‑built acceptance .
Special glazing systems — including dynamic or chromogenic glazing and integrated shading systems — have tailored requirements: dynamic glazing is defined and regulated so that its switching states and controls are used consistently for compliance (chromogenic products are treated separately and may not be area‑weighted with non‑chromogenic glazing) and often require automatic controls per the exceptions in the prescriptive sections .
In this section
- Default ratings, window film, and acceptance values for un‑rated fenestration
- Dynamic glazing systems, curtain walls/storefronts and glazed door performance rules
- How to determine fenestration U‑factor, SHGC and VT (NFRC, CMA, CMAST)
- Requirements for field‑fabricated, site‑built and field‑installed fenestration
Code references
Grounded in the retrieved California Energy Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:
§ 150.1 High relevance — show source text
The minimum depth of concrete-slab floor perimeter insulation shall be 16 inches or the depth of the footing of the building, whichever is less. Exception to Section 150.1(c)1: The insulation requirements of Table 150.1-A may also be met by ceiling, roof deck, wall, or floor assemblies that meet the required maximum U -factors using a U -factor calculation method that considers the thermal effects of all elements of the assembly and is approved by the executive director. E. All buildings shall comply with the quality insulation installation (QII) requirements shown in Table 150.1-A. When QII is required, insulation installation shall meet the criteria specified in Reference Appendix RA3.5.
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SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
Radiant barrier. A radiant barrier required in Table 150.1-A shall meet the requirements specified in Section 110.8(j) and shall meet the installation criteria specified in the Reference Residential Appendix RA4.
Fenestration.
A. Installed fenestration products, including glazed doors, shall have an area weighted average U -factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) meeting the applicable fenestration value in Table 150.1-A and shall be determined in accordance with Sections 110.6(a)2 and 110.6(a)3. Exception 1 to Section 150.1(c)3A: New dwelling units with a conditioned floor area of 500 square feet or less in Climate Zone 5 may comply with a maximum U -factor of 0.30. Exception 2 to Section 150.1(c)3A: For each dwelling unit, up to 3 square feet of new glazing area installed in doors and up to 3 square feet of tubular skylights area with dual-pane diffusers shall not be required to meet the U -factor and SHGC requirements of Table 150.1-A. Exception 3 to Section 150.1(c)3A: In Climate Zones 2, 4, and 6 through 15, for each dwelling unit up to 16 square feet of skylight area with a maximum U -factor of 0.40 and a maximum SHGC of 0.30. In Climate Zones 1, 3, 5, and 16, there is no SHGC requirement. Exception 4 to Section 150.1(c)3A: For fenestration containing chromogenic type glazing:
i. The lower-rated labeled U -factor and SHGC shall be used with automatic controls to modulate the amount of solar gain and light transmitted into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; ii. Chromogenic glazing shall be considered separately from other fenestration; and iii. Area-weighted averaging with other fenestration that is not chromatic shall not be permitted and shall be determined in accordance with Section 110.6(a). Exception 5 to Section 150.1(c)3A: For dwelling units containing unrated site-built fenestration that meets the maximum area restriction, the U -factor and SHGC can be determined in accordance with the Nonresidential Reference Appendix NA6 or use default values in Table 110.6-A and Table 110.6-B.
§ 170.2 High relevance — show source text
Exception 1 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiiib: An area-weighted average relative solar heat gain coefficient of 0.56 or less shall be used for windows:
I. That are in the first story of exterior walls that form a display perimeter; and II. For which codes restrict the use of overhangs to shade the windows. Exception 2 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiiib: For vertical glazing containing chromogenic type glazing:
I. the lower-rate labeled RSHGC shall be used with automatic controls to modulate the amount of heat flow into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; and II. chromogenic glazing shall be considered separately from other glazing; and III. area-weighted averaging with other glazing that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted.
NOTE: Demising walls are not exterior walls, and therefore fenestration in demising walls is not subject to SHGC requirements. (Equation 170.2-A) RSHGC = SHGC × [1 + a × (2.72 [-PF] – 1) × (sin(b × Az) + c)]
where:
COMPONENT a b c Overhang 0.150 0.008727 5.67 Exterior Horizontal Slat 0.144 0.008727 5.13 RSHGC = Relative solar heat gain coefficient.
SHGC = Solar heat gain coefficient of the vertical fenestration.
Az = Azimuth of the vertical fenestration in degrees.
PF = Projection factor as calculated by Equation 140.3-C. iv. Vertical fenestration shall have an area-weighted average visible transmittance (VT) no less than the applicable value in Table 170.2-A, or Equation 170.2-B, as applicable.
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MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS—PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
Exception 1 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiv: When the window’s primary and secondary sidelit daylit zones are completely overlapped by one or more skylit daylit zones, then the window need not comply with Section 170.2(a)3Aivw. Exception 2 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiv: If the window’s VT is not within the scope of NFRC 200 or ASTM E972, then the VT shall be calculated according to Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6. Exception 3 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiv: For vertical windows containing chromogenic type glazing: a. The higher rated labeled VT shall be used with automatic controls to modulate the amount of light transmitted into the space in multiple steps in response to daylight levels or solar intensity; b. Chromogenic glazing shall be considered separately from other glazing; and c. Area-weighted averaging with other glazing that is not chromogenic shall not be permitted. Exception 4 to Section 170.2(a)3Aiv: Fenestration in dwelling units is not required to comply with the VT requirements.
NOTE: Demising walls are not exterior walls, and therefore windows in demising walls are not subject to VT requirements.
(Equation 170.2-B) VT ≥ 0.11/WWR
where:
§ 110.6 Medium relevance — show source text
(b) Installation of field-fabricated fenestration and exterior doors. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors may be installed only if the compliance documentation has demonstrated compliance for the installation using U factors from Table 110.6-A and SHGC values from Table 110.6-B. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors shall be caulked between the fenestration products or exterior door and the building, and shall be weatherstripped.
Exception to Section 110.6(b): Unframed glass doors and fire doors need not be weatherstripped or caulked.
TABLE 110.6-A—DEFAULT FENESTRATION PRODUCT U-FACTORS Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 FRAME1,2 PRODUCT TYPE SINGLE PANE3, 4
U-FACTORDOUBLE PANE1, 3, 4
U-FACTORGLASS BLOCK2, 3
U-FACTORMetal Operable 1.28 0.79 0.87 Metal Fixed 1.19 0.71 0.72 Metal Greenhouse/garden window 2.26 1.40 NA Metal Glazed doors 1.25 0.77 NA Metal Skylight 1.98 1.3 NA Metal, thermal break Operable NA 0.66 NA Metal, thermal break Fixed NA 0.55 NA Metal, thermal break Greenhouse/garden window NA 1.12 NA Metal, thermal break Glazed doors NA 0.59 NA Metal, thermal break Skylight NA 1.11 NA Nonmetal Operable 0.99 0.58 0.60 Nonmetal Fixed 1.04 0.55 0.57 Nonmetal Greenhouse/garden window 0.99 0.53 NA Nonmetal Glazed doors 1.94 1.06 NA Nonmetal Skylight 1.47 0.84 NA 1. For all dual-glazed fenestration products, adjust the listed_U_-factors as follows:
a. Add 0.05 for products with dividers between panes if spacer is less than7/16 inch wide.
b. Add 0.05 to any product with true divided lite (dividers through the panes).
2. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values when not rated by NFRC 100.
3. Visible Transmittance (VT) shall be calculated by using Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6.
4. Windows with window film applied that is not rated by NFRC 100 shall use the default values from this table.1. For all dual-glazed fenestration products, adjust the listed_U_-factors as follows:
a. Add 0.05 for products with dividers between panes if spacer is less than7/16 inch wide.
b. Add 0.05 to any product with true divided lite (dividers through the panes).
2. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values when not rated by NFRC 100.
3.California Energy Code Medium relevance — show source text
ALTERED COMPONENT is a new fenestration component that has undergone an alteration other than a repair and is subject to all applicable standards requirements.
BAY WINDOW is a combination assembly which is composed of three or more individual windows either joined side by side or installed within opaque assemblies and which projects away from the wall on which it is installed. Center windows, if used, are parallel to the wall on which the bay is installed, the end panels or two side windows, are angled with respect to the center window. Common angles are 30° and 45°, although other angles may be employed.
CHROMOGENIC GLAZING is a class of switchable glazing that includes active materials (e.g., electrochromic) and passive materials (e.g., photochromic and thermochromic) permanently integrated into the glazing assembly. Their primary function is to switch reversibly from a high transmission state to a low transmission state with associated changes in VT and SHGC.
CLERESTORY FENESTRATION is fenestration installed above a roofline greater than or equal to 60 degrees from the horizontal, or any portion of exterior vertical glazing greater than 8 feet per floor above the finished floor of a space.
CMA (component modeling approach) is a fenestration product certification program from the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) that enables energy-related performance ratings for nonresidential fenestration products, including the thermal performance U -factor, solar heat gain coefficient, and visible transmittance.
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ALL OCCUPANCIES—GENERAL PROVISIONS
CMAST (component modeling approach software tool) is an NFRC approved software that allows a user to create a fenestration product “virtually” and generate its energy-related performance ratings, including the thermal performance U -factor, solar heat gain coefficient, and visible transmittance.
CURTAIN WALL/STOREFRONT is an external non-bearing wall intended to separate the exterior nonconditioned and interior conditioned spaces. It also consists of any combination of framing materials, fixed glazing, opaque glazing, operable windows or other in-fill materials.
Note: Window wall is also included as part of the curtain wall/storefront fenestration category.
DUAL-GLAZED GREENHOUSE WINDOWS is a double glass pane separated by an air or other gas space that adds conditioned volume but not conditioned floor area to a building.
DYNAMIC GLAZING SYSTEMS are glazing systems that have the ability to reversibly change their performance properties, including U -factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and/or Visible Transmittance (VT) between well-defined end points. These may include, but are not limited to, chromogenic glazing systems and integrated shading systems (defined below). Dynamic Glazing systems do not include internally mounted or externally mounted shading devices that attach to the window framing/glazing that may or may not be removable.
FENESTRATION ALTERATION is any change to an existing building’s exterior fenestration product that is not a repair (see “fenestration repair”) that: i. Replaces existing fenestration in an existing wall or roof with no net area added; or ii. Replaces existing fenestration and adds new net area in the existing wall or roof; or iii. Adds a new window that increases the net fenestration area to an existing wall or roof.
§ 0.3 Medium relevance — show source text
- Air leakage. Manufactured fenestration products and exterior doors shall have air infiltration rates not exceeding 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of window area, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for residential doors, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for nonresidential single doors (swinging and sliding), and 1.0 cfm/ft [2] for nonresidential double doors (swinging), when tested according to NFRC400 or ASTM E283 at a pressure differential of 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds/ft [2] ), incorporated herein by reference.
NOTES TO SECTION 110.6(a)1: Pet doors must meet 0.3 cfm/ft [2] when tested according to ASTM E283 at 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds per square foot).
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-2011 specification is equivalent to ASTM E283 at a pressure differential of 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds per square foot) and satisfies the air leakage certification requirements of this section.
Exception to Section 110.6(a)1: Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors.
- U -factor. The fenestration product and exterior door’s U -factor shall be rated in accordance with NFRC 100, or use the applicable default U -factor set forth in Table 110.6-A.
Exception 1 to Section 110.6(a)2: If the fenestration product is a skylight in a building covered by the nonresidential standards with less than 200 square feet of skylight area, the default U -factor may be calculated as set forth in Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6.
Exception 2 to Section 110.6(a)2: If the fenestration product is an alteration consisting of any area replacement of glass in a skylight product in a building covered by the nonresidential standards, the default U -factor may be calculated as set forth in Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6. 3. Solar heat gain coefficient SHGC. The fenestration product’s SHGC shall be rated in accordance with NFRC 200, or use the applicable default SHGC set forth in Table 110.6-B.
Exception 1 to Section 110.6(a)3: If the fenestration product is a skylight in a building covered by the nonresidential standards with less than 200 square feet of skylight area, the default SHGC may be calculated as set forth in Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6.
Exception 2 to Section 110.6(a)3: If the fenestration product is an alteration consisting of any area replacement of glass in a skylight product in a building covered by the nonresidential standards, the default SHGC may be calculated as set forth in Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6. 4. Visible transmittance (VT). The fenestration product’s VT shall be rated in accordance with NFRC 200 or ASTM E972. For tubular daylighting devices VT shall be rated using NFRC 203.
§ 110.5 Medium relevance — show source text
SECTION 110.5—NATURAL GAS CENTRAL FURNACES, COOKING EQUIPMENT, POOL AND SPA HEATERS, AND FIREPLACES: PILOT LIGHTS PROHIBITED
Any natural gas system or equipment listed below may be installed only if it does not have a continuously burning pilot light:
(a) Fan-type central furnaces.
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ALL OCCUPANCIES—MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE, CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND BUILDING COMPONENTS
(b) Household cooking appliances.
Exception to Section 110.5(b): Household cooking appliances without an electrical supply voltage connection and in which each pilot consumes less than 150 Btu/hr.
(c) Pool heaters.
(d) Spa heaters.
(e) Indoor and outdoor fireplaces.
Note: Authority: Sections 25213, 25218, 25218.5, 25402 and 25402.1, Public Resources Code . Reference: Sections 25007, 25008, 25218.5, 25310, 25402, 25402.1, 25402.4, 25402.8, and 25943, Public Resources Code.
SECTION 110.6—MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR FENESTRATION PRODUCTS AND EXTERIOR DOORS
(a) Certification of fenestration products and exterior doors other than field-fabricated. Any fenestration product and exterior door, other than field-fabricated fenestration products and field-fabricated exterior doors, may be installed only if the manufacturer has certified to the Commission, or if an independent certifying organization approved by the Commission has certified, that the product complies with all of the applicable requirements of this subsection.
- Air leakage. Manufactured fenestration products and exterior doors shall have air infiltration rates not exceeding 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of window area, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for residential doors, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for nonresidential single doors (swinging and sliding), and 1.0 cfm/ft [2] for nonresidential double doors (swinging), when tested according to NFRC400 or ASTM E283 at a pressure differential of 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds/ft [2] ), incorporated herein by reference.
NOTES TO SECTION 110.6(a)1: Pet doors must meet 0.3 cfm/ft [2] when tested according to ASTM E283 at 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds per square foot).
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-2011 specification is equivalent to ASTM E283 at a pressure differential of 75 pascals (or 1.57 pounds per square foot) and satisfies the air leakage certification requirements of this section.
Exception to Section 110.6(a)1: Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors.
- U -factor. The fenestration product and exterior door’s U -factor shall be rated in accordance with NFRC 100, or use the applicable default U -factor set forth in Table 110.6-A.
California Energy Code Medium relevance — show source text
FAN SYSTEM, SINGLE-CABINET is a fan system where a single fan, a single-fan array, a single set of fans operating in parallel, or fans or fan arrays in series and embedded in the same cabinet both supply air to a space and recirculate the air.
FAN SYSTEM, SUPPLY-ONLY is a fan system that provides supply air to interior spaces and does not recirculate the air.
FAN SYSTEM, TRANSFER is a fan system that exclusively moves air from one occupied space to another.
FAN SYSTEM AIRFLOW (cfm) is the sum of the airflow of all fans with fan electrical input power greater than 1 kW at fan system design conditions, excluding the airflow that passes through downstream fans with fan input power less than 1 kW.
FAN SYSTEM DESIGN CONDITIONS are operating conditions that can be expected to occur during normal system operation that result in the highest supply airflow rate to or from the conditioned spaces served by the fan system. FAN SYSTEM ELECTRICAL INPUT POWER (Fan kW design,system ) is the sum of the fan electrical input power (Fan kW design ) in kilowatts of all fans that are required to operate at fan system design conditions to supply air from the heating or cooling source to the conditioned spaces, return it to the source, exhaust it to the outdoors or transfer it to another space.
FENESTRATION: Includes the following:
ACE is an NFRC-Approved Calculation Entity that conducts calculations of fenestration product ratings for certification authorization using the NFRC component modeling approach and issues label certificates to Specifying Authorities for product certification authorization in accordance with NFRC requirements.
ALTERED COMPONENT is a new fenestration component that has undergone an alteration other than a repair and is subject to all applicable standards requirements.
BAY WINDOW is a combination assembly which is composed of three or more individual windows either joined side by side or installed within opaque assemblies and which projects away from the wall on which it is installed. Center windows, if used, are parallel to the wall on which the bay is installed, the end panels or two side windows, are angled with respect to the center window. Common angles are 30° and 45°, although other angles may be employed.
CHROMOGENIC GLAZING is a class of switchable glazing that includes active materials (e.g., electrochromic) and passive materials (e.g., photochromic and thermochromic) permanently integrated into the glazing assembly. Their primary function is to switch reversibly from a high transmission state to a low transmission state with associated changes in VT and SHGC.
CLERESTORY FENESTRATION is fenestration installed above a roofline greater than or equal to 60 degrees from the horizontal, or any portion of exterior vertical glazing greater than 8 feet per floor above the finished floor of a space.
CMA (component modeling approach) is a fenestration product certification program from the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) that enables energy-related performance ratings for nonresidential fenestration products, including the thermal performance U -factor, solar heat gain coefficient, and visible transmittance.
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§ 0.69 Medium relevance — show source text
A.| |Metal, thermal break|Fixed|Clear|N.A.|0.69|N.A.| |Metal, thermal break|Operable|Tinted|N.A.|0.53|N.A.| |Metal, thermal break|Fixed|Tinted|N.A.|0.57|N.A.| |Nonmetal|Operable|Clear|0.74|0.65|0.70| |Nonmetal|Fixed|Clear|0.76|0.67|0.67| |Nonmetal|Operable|Tinted|0.60|0.53|N.A.| |Nonmetal|Fixed|Tinted|0.63|0.55|N.A.| |N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|N.A. = Not applicable.
1. Translucent or transparent panels shall use glass block values.|2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE APPENDIX A6.1-5
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APPENDIX A6.1 — VOLUNTARY STANDARDS FOR HEALTH FACILITIES [OSHPD 1, 2 & 4]
A6.205.1.1.4 Labeling. Fenestration products shall:
- Have a temporary label (or label certificate for site- built fenestration) meeting the requirements of Section 10111(a)1 of Title 24, Part 1 not to be removed before inspection by the enforcement agency, listing the certified U factor and SHGC and certifying that the air leakage requirements of Section A6.205.1.1.1 are met for each product line; and
- Have a permanent label (or label certificate for site-built fenestration) meeting the requirements of Section 10111(a)2 of Title 24, Part 1 if the product is rated using NFRC procedures.
A6.205.1.1.5 Fenestration acceptance requirements. Before an occupancy permit is granted, site-built fenestration products in other than low-rise residential buildings shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 of the California Energy Commission 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings to ensure that site-built fenestration meet Standards requirements, including a matching label certificate for each product installed and be readily accessible at the project location. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the fenestration product meets the acceptance requirements.
Exception: Fenestration products removed and reinstalled as part of a building alteration or addition.
§ 204.4.4 Medium relevance — show source text
A6.204.4.4 Functional performance testing. Functional performance tests shall demonstrate the correct installation and operation of each component, system and system-to-system interface in accordance with the approved plans and specifications. Functional performance testing reports shall contain information addressing each of the building components tested, the testing methods utilized and include any readings and adjustments made. This shall be reviewed and verified by the CxA.
A6.204.4.5 Postconstruction documentation and training. A systems manual and systems operations training are required.
A6.204.4.5.1 Systems manual. Documentation of the operational aspects of the building shall be completed within the systems manual and delivered to the building owner and facilities operator. This shall be reviewed by the CxA. At a minimum, the systems manual shall include the following:
Site information, including facility description, history and current requirements.
Site contact information.
Basic operations and maintenance, including general site operating procedures, basic troubleshooting, recommended maintenance requirements, site events log.
Major systems.
Site equipment inventory and maintenance notes.
Other resources and documentation.
A6.204.4.5.2 Systems operations training. The CxA shall oversee the training of the appropriate maintenance staff for each equipment type and/or system. The training shall include, as a minimum, the following:
- System/equipment overview (what it is, what it does and what other systems and/or equipment it interfaces with).
- Review of the information in the systems manual.
- Review of the record drawings on the system/ equipment.
A6.204.4.6 Commissioning report. The CxA shall create a complete report of commissioning process activities undertaken through the design, construction and postconstruction phases of the building project and provided to the owner.
A6.204.6 Building orientation and shading. Locate orient and shade the building as required in Section A6.106.9.
SECTION A6.205 [OSHPD 1 & 4]—BUILDING ENVELOPE
A6.205.1 Fenestration products and exterior doors.
A6.205.1.1 Certification of fenestration products and exterior doors other than field-fabricated. Any fenestration product and exterior door, other than field-fabricated fenestration products and field-fabricated exterior doors, may be installed only if the manufacturer has certified to the California Energy Commission or if an independent certifying organization approved by the Commission has certified that the product complies with all of the applicable requirements of this subsection.
A6.205.1.1.1 Air leakage. Manufactured fenestration products and exterior doors shall have air infiltration rates not exceeding 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of window area, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for residential doors, 0.3 cfm/ft [2] of door area for nonresidential single doors
APPENDIX A6.1-4 2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
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APPENDIX A6.1 — VOLUNTARY STANDARDS FOR HEALTH FACILITIES [OSHPD 1, 2 & 4]
§ 110.6 Medium relevance — show source text
Exception 2 to Section 110.6(a)4: If the fenestration product is an alteration consisting of any area; replacement of glass in a skylight product in a building covered by the nonresidential standards, the default VT may be calculated as set forth in Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA6. 5. Labeling. Fenestration products and exterior doors shall: A. Have a temporary label for manufactured fenestration products and exterior doors or a label certificate when the component modeling approach (CMA) is used and for site-built fenestration meeting the requirements of Section 10-111(a)1. The temporary label shall not be removed before inspection by the enforcement agency; and B. Have a permanent label or label certificate when the component modeling approach (CMA) is used and for sitebuilt fenestration meeting the requirements of Section 10-111(a)2 if the product is rated using NFRC procedures. 6. Fenestration acceptance requirements. Before an occupancy permit is granted site-built fenestration products in other than single-family buildings shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified in the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 to ensure that site-built fenestration meets Standards requirements, including a matching label certificate for product(s) installed and be readily accessible at the project location. A certificate of accep
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ALL OCCUPANCIES—MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE, CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND BUILDING COMPONENTS
tance certifying that the fenestration product meets the acceptance requirements shall be completed, signed and submitted to the enforcement agency. Exception to Section 110.6(a): Fenestration products removed and reinstalled as part of a building alteration or addition.
(b) Installation of field-fabricated fenestration and exterior doors. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors may be installed only if the compliance documentation has demonstrated compliance for the installation using U factors from Table 110.6-A and SHGC values from Table 110.6-B. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors shall be caulked between the fenestration products or exterior door and the building, and shall be weatherstripped.
Exception to Section 110.6(b): Unframed glass doors and fire doors need not be weatherstripped or caulked.
TABLE 110.6-A—DEFAULT FENESTRATION PRODUCT U-FACTORS Col2 Col3 Col4 Col5 FRAME1,2 PRODUCT TYPE SINGLE PANE3, 4
U-FACTORDOUBLE PANE1, 3, 4
U-FACTORGLASS BLOCK2, 3
U-FACTORMetal Operable 1.28 0.79 0.87 Metal Fixed 1.19 0.71 0.72 Metal Greenhouse/garden window 2.26 1.40 NA Metal Glazed doors 1.25 0.77 NA Metal Skylight 1.98 1.3 NA Metal, thermal break Operable NA 0.66 NA Metal, § 205.1.1.4 Medium relevance — show source text
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APPENDIX A6.1 — VOLUNTARY STANDARDS FOR HEALTH FACILITIES [OSHPD 1, 2 & 4]
A6.205.1.1.4 Labeling. Fenestration products shall:
- Have a temporary label (or label certificate for site- built fenestration) meeting the requirements of Section 10111(a)1 of Title 24, Part 1 not to be removed before inspection by the enforcement agency, listing the certified U factor and SHGC and certifying that the air leakage requirements of Section A6.205.1.1.1 are met for each product line; and
- Have a permanent label (or label certificate for site-built fenestration) meeting the requirements of Section 10111(a)2 of Title 24, Part 1 if the product is rated using NFRC procedures.
A6.205.1.1.5 Fenestration acceptance requirements. Before an occupancy permit is granted, site-built fenestration products in other than low-rise residential buildings shall be certified as meeting the Acceptance Requirements for Code Compliance, as specified by the Reference Nonresidential Appendix NA7 of the California Energy Commission 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings to ensure that site-built fenestration meet Standards requirements, including a matching label certificate for each product installed and be readily accessible at the project location. A Certificate of Acceptance shall be submitted to the enforcement agency that certifies that the fenestration product meets the acceptance requirements.
Exception: Fenestration products removed and reinstalled as part of a building alteration or addition.
A6.205.1.2 Installation of field-fabricated fenestration and exterior doors. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors may be installed only if the compliance documentation has demonstrated compliance for the installation using U factors from Table A6.205.1-A and SHGC values from Table A6.205.1-B. Field-fabricated fenestration and field-fabricated exterior doors shall be caulked between the fenestration products or exterior door and the building and shall be weatherstripped.
Exception: Unframed glass doors and fire doors need not be weatherstripped or caulked.
A6.205.2 Joints and other openings. Joints and other openings in the building envelope that are potential sources of air leakage shall be caulked, gasketed, weatherstripped or otherwise sealed to limit infiltration and exfiltration.
A6.205.3 Insulation and roofing products.
A6.205.3.1 Certification by manufacturers. Any insulation shall be certified by Department of Consumer Affairs, Bureau of Household Good and Services that the insulation conductive thermal performance is approved pursuant to the California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 12, Chapters 12-13, Article 3,“Standards for Insulating Material.”
A6.205.3.2 Installation of urea formaldehyde foam insulation. Urea formaldehyde foam insulation may be applied or installed only if:
It is installed in exterior side walls; and
A four-mil-thick plastic polyethylene vapor barrier or equivalent plastic sheathing vapor barrier is installed between the urea formaldehyde foam insulation and the interior space in all applications.
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CMAST (component modeling approach software tool) is an NFRC approved software that allows a user to create a fenestration product “virtually” and generate its energy-related performance ratings, including the thermal performance U -factor, solar heat gain coefficient, and visible transmittance.
CURTAIN WALL/STOREFRONT is an external non-bearing wall intended to separate the exterior nonconditioned and interior conditioned spaces. It also consists of any combination of framing materials, fixed glazing, opaque glazing, operable windows or other in-fill materials.
Note: Window wall is also included as part of the curtain wall/storefront fenestration category.
DUAL-GLAZED GREENHOUSE WINDOWS is a double glass pane separated by an air or other gas space that adds conditioned volume but not conditioned floor area to a building.
DYNAMIC GLAZING SYSTEMS are glazing systems that have the ability to reversibly change their performance properties, including U -factor, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and/or Visible Transmittance (VT) between well-defined end points. These may include, but are not limited to, chromogenic glazing systems and integrated shading systems (defined below). Dynamic Glazing systems do not include internally mounted or externally mounted shading devices that attach to the window framing/glazing that may or may not be removable.
FENESTRATION ALTERATION is any change to an existing building’s exterior fenestration product that is not a repair (see “fenestration repair”) that: i. Replaces existing fenestration in an existing wall or roof with no net area added; or ii. Replaces existing fenestration and adds new net area in the existing wall or roof; or iii. Adds a new window that increases the net fenestration area to an existing wall or roof.
FENESTRATION AREA is the rough opening area of any fenestration product.
FENESTRATION PRODUCT is any transparent or translucent material plus any sash, frame, mullions and dividers, in the facade of a building, including, but not limited to, windows, glazed doors, skylights, curtain walls, dynamic glazing, garden windows, glass block and glazing used in greenhouses.
FENESTRATION REPAIR is the reconstruction or renewal for the purpose of maintenance of any fenestration product, component or system and shall not increase the preexisting energy consumption of the repaired fenestration product, component, system or equipment. Replacement of any component, system or equipment for which there are requirements in the Standards are considered an alteration (see Fenestration, alteration) and not a repair and is subject to the requirements of Part 6 of the Standards.
FIELD-FABRICATED is a fenestration product whose frame is made at the construction site of standard dimensional lumber or other materials that were not previously cut, or otherwise formed with the specific intention of being used to fabricate a fenestration product. Field fabricated does not include site-built fenestration.
FIN is an opaque surface, oriented vertically and projecting outward horizontally from an exterior vertical surface.
FIN OFFSET is the horizontal distance from the edge of exposed exterior glazing at the jamb of a window to the fin.
FIN PROJECTION is the horizontal distance, measured outward horizontally, from the surface of exposed exterior glazing at the jamb of a window to the outward edge of a fin.
FIXED is fenestration that is not designed to be opened or closed.
Frequently asked questions
Do fenestration products have to be NFRC rated, or can I use default values?
Manufactured products must be rated per the referenced NFRC procedures (e.g., NFRC 100/200/203/400) unless the Code allows default values; Table 110.6‑A and 110.6‑B provide default U‑factors and SHGCs for unrated or field‑fabricated products, and Reference Appendix NA6 offers methods for certain skylights and site‑built calculations .
How does the Code treat chromogenic or other dynamic glazing systems?
Chromogenic/dynamic glazing are defined as products that reversibly change U, SHGC and/or VT and are addressed separately from conventional glazing. The Code requires that dynamic glazing be considered on its labeled states with appropriate automatic controls; area‑weighted averaging with non‑chromogenic fenestration is not permitted under the chromogenic exceptions in §150.1 and related prescriptive clauses .
What are the key installation, air‑leakage, labeling and acceptance checks to expect at inspection?
Manufactured fenestration must meet air‑leakage limits (typically 0.3 cfm/ft2 for windows and many doors when tested to NFRC‑400/ASTM E283), carry temporary and permanent labels or label certificates, and site‑built or field‑fabricated units must be shown compliant via the allowed default values, certificates of acceptance, or NA7 acceptance procedures before occupancy .
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California Energy Code