Chapter 21.33 — RESIDENTIAL ZONING DISTRICTS (R-A, R-1

21.33.020 - Land use regulations.¶

Uses permitted by right and subject to approval of a conditional use permit shall be as listed in Chapter 21.32 (Land Use Regulations in Zoning Districts). Conditional Use Permits applications shall be processed pursuant to Chapter 21.19 (Conditional Use Permits and Administrative Use Permits).

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.030 - Development standards in single-family residential zoning districts (R-A, R-1, and RS).

A.

General Development Standards.

1.

Standards. New structures and alterations to existing structures shall be designed and constructed in compliance with the requirements in Table 21.33.030-1 (General Development Standards for Single-Family Residential Zoning Districts).

2.

Process. Chapter 21.15 (Development Review) is required prior to building permit issuance for any structure, or to relocate, rebuild, or significantly enlarge or modify any existing structure or site.

B.

Additional Regulations. In addition to other sections of the zoning code:

1.

Exceptions and additional regulations are included in Section 21.33.040 (Additional Residential Development Standards in Single-Family Residential Zoning Districts).

2.

See also the development standards in Article 4 (Regulations and Standards Applicable to All Zoning Districts).

Table 21.33.030-1: Development Standards for R-A, R-1 and R-1 Combining Districts

Development Feature	R-A	R-1	R-1, B-1	R-1, B-2	R-1, B-3	R-1, B-4	R-1, B-5	RS	Additional Regulations
Minimum Lot Size
0 - 4.99% slope	3 acres	7,000 sf	7,500 sf	10,000 sf	20,000 sf	1 acre	2 acres	4 acres
5 - 9.99% slope		10,000 sf	10,000 sf	10,000 sf	20,000 sf	1 acre	2 acres	4 acres
10 - 14.99% slope		12,500 sf	12,500 sf	12,500 sf	20,000 sf	1 acre	2 acres	4 acres
15 - 24.99% slope		15,000 sf	15,000 sf	15,000 sf	20,000 sf	1 acre	2 acres	4 acres
25 - 34.99% slope		20,000 sf	20,000 sf	20,000 sf	20,000 sf	1 acre	2 acres	4 acres
Minimum Lot Width
0 - 4.99% slope	100 ft	70 ft	70 ft	80 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft
5 - 9.99% slope		80 ft	80 ft	80 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft
10 - 14.99% slope		100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft	100 ft
15 - 24.99% slope		120 ft	120 ft	120 ft	120 ft	120 ft	120 ft	120 ft
25 - 34.99% slope		150 ft	150 ft	150 ft	150 ft	150 ft	150 ft	150 ft
Maximum Lot Coverage	40%	50%
Maximum Height	30 ft	35 ft for primary structures; 15 ft for detached accessory structures							See Paragraph 21.41.040(A)2. (Table 21.41.040-1: Allowed Projections Above Height Limits)
Minimum Setbacks1
Front
Primary structures	25 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft
Garage door2	25 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft
Detached accessory structures3	25 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft
Side - Street
Primary structures	20 ft	10 ft	10 ft	10 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft
Garage door2	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft
Detached accessory structures	20 ft	10 ft	10 ft	10 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft
Side - Interior
Primary structures on lot 65 ft wide or more	20 ft	5 ft on one side and 10 ft on the other side	10 ft	10 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft
Primary structures on lot less than 65 ft wide	20 ft	5 ft	10 ft	10 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft	15 ft
Detached accessory Structures	20 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft
Rear
Primary structures	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	20 ft	See Subparagraph 21.33.040(A)1.b.
Detached accessory structures	20 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	3 ft	Detached accessory structures shall not be

Structure separations 6 ft

located within 5 feet of any alley. See Subsection 21.33.040(B)

Notes:

1.

See Section 21.41.120 (Determining Setbacks) and Section 21.41.130 (Projections into Setbacks).

2.

This setback pertains to garage doors with sectional, roll-up doors that open directly toward a street. Garages with single-panel, swing-up doors that open directly toward a street shall be set back at least twenty-five feet from the property line.

3.

Detached accessory structures (as defined in Section 21.92.190 ["Structure, Detached Accessory"]) shall not be located closer to the front property line than the front wall of the main structure oriented toward the street.

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.040 - Additional development standards in single-family residential zoning districts.

Additional Setback Standards.

1.

Modifications.

a.

Front Setback Reduction. A reduction in the required front setback to no less than five feet may be allowed through a development plan modification (Section 21.16.020) if, in addition to the findings of Subsection 21.16.020(D), all of the following findings can be made:

i.

The reduction is necessary to preserve oak trees and/or minimize major grading;

ii.

The project maintains either a twenty-foot setback from the garage door or a five-foot setback from the garage door, if the garage door faces the street; and

iii.

The reduced setback would not be inconsistent with an established neighborhood pattern.

b.

Rear Setbacks Reduction Adjacent to Public School District-Owned Property. On R-1 zoned properties that have rear setbacks that back up to public school district-owned public facilities (explicitly excluding properties with rear setbacks that abut public streets or alleys, detention basins, bike paths), a site plan modification (Section 21.17.020) may be allowed to reduce rear setbacks to a minimum of ten feet for single-story additions to existing buildings. This reduction in rear setbacks may not be approved in conjunction with new home construction. In approving such a request, the review authority shall consider impacts on the views, privacy, and other concerns of abutting property owners, and make the required findings (Subsection 21.17.020(C)).

c.

Lot Size and Width. Within R-A and R-1 zoning districts, modifications to lot size and width may be allowed through a development plan modification (Section 21.16.020) if, in addition to the findings of Subsection 21.16.020(D), the following findings can be made:

i.

The modification would facilitate a superior site design (such as to cluster lots to preserve natural resources); and

ii.

The project as a whole does not exceed maximum allowed density.

B.

Structure Separation Standards.

The minimum separations between detached structures, both main and accessory, shall be six feet, as measured from the exterior walls or vertical posts to support roofs. To be considered attached, structures shall be made structurally a part of, and shall have a common roof with, the primary structure (s), except patio covers may be considered attached but located away from the building as allowed by Subsection 21.43.030(B) (Attached Patio Covers in Residential Zoning Districts).

C.

Additional Detached Accessory Structure Standards.

1.

Standards—General. Detached accessory structures shall conform to the following requirements:

a.

The cumulative gross floor area of all detached accessory structures on a lot shall not exceed fifty percent of the gross floor area, including any attached garage, of the primary structure.

b.

Detached accessory structures shall be located behind the front plane (and/or street side plane, as applicable) of the primary structure.

c.

Detached accessory structures shall be constructed to be architecturally compatible with the primary structure(s) in terms of materials, colors, relief treatment for elevations, and roofing materials. The zoning administrator shall make determinations of compatibility.

Modifications—General.

a.

Large Detached Accessory Structures—Process. Modifications to standards for large detached accessory structures (over one hundred twenty square feet) may be allowed through a development plan modification (Section 21.16.020).

b.

Small Detached Accessory Structures—Process. Modifications to standards for small detached accessory structures (one hundred twenty square feet or smaller) may be allowed through a site plan modification (Section 21.17.020).

c.

Findings. In approving such a request, the review authority shall consider impacts on the views, privacy, and other concerns of abutting property owners, and make the required findings Subsection 21.16.020(D) or Subsection 21.17.020(C), as applicable.

3.

Modifications for Shelters for Recreational Vehicles, Boats, Campers, Travel Trailers, or Similar Vehicles. See Paragraph 21.43.030(C)12.

D.

General Architectural Requirements for Primary Structures.

1.

Roofs.

a.

Allowed Roof Types. Roofs shall be one of the following types:

i.

Gable;

ii.

Shed; or

iii.

Hipped.

b.

Regulations for All Roofs. All roofs shall:

Have a pitch of at least 3:12;

ii.

Have at least two planes/orientations; and

iii.

Have eaves, rakes, or overhangs, extending the length of the roof, with an eighteen-inch minimum projection.

iv.

Roofing materials shall consist of concrete or clay tile, fire-retardant wood shake, asphalt composition, or other similar noncombustible material. Metal roof materials for single-family homes and detached accessory structures are not allowed unless approved through a site plan modification, consistent with Paragraph 21.33.040(D)5.

2.

Siding. Siding shall consist of stucco, wood, fiber cement, brick, or other similar hard, durable material. Metal siding material for single-family homes and detached accessory structure is not allowed unless approved through a site plan modification, consistent with Paragraph 21.33.040(D)5.

3.

Required Entryway Distinction. Frontages facing the public right-of-way shall include a porch, gabled entry, distinct change in roof line or columns, or have some other significant architectural distinction to define the entryway. On corner lots, the street side façade is not required to comply. See Figures 21.50.070-4 and 21.50.070-5 for typical entryway features.

4.

Transparencies. All front and street side elevations shall incorporate windows and transparent openings that constitute a minimum of ten percent of the applicable elevation.

Figure 21.33.040-1: Transparencies in Single-Family Developments

==> picture [286 x 206] intentionally omitted <==

5.

Modifications.

a.

General. Modifications to architectural requirements for primary structures may be allowed through a site plan modification (Section 21.17.020). In approving such a request, the review authority shall consider impacts on the views, privacy, and other concerns of abutting property owners, and make the required findings (Subsection 21.17.020(C)).

b.

Metal Exterior Building Conditions. In addition to the required findings for a site plan modification (Subsection 21.17.020(C)), for projects that include a request for metal exterior building materials, the review authority shall find:

i.

The material and the way that it is proposed to be applied to the structure is compatible with the architectural theme of the structure;

ii.

The material would not conflict with the residential character of the home and surrounding neighborhood;

iii.

The proposed use of and manner in which it would be applied demonstrates a high quality of craftsmanship; and

iv.

The design and materials used for primary structure and detached accessory structures on the same lot are compatible.

E.

Parking Design. Each single-family residence shall be provided with two covered parking spaces. See Section 21.48.100 (Parking Area Design and Development Standards).

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.050 - Development standards in multi-family residential (R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5) zoning districts.

A.

General Development Standards. New structures and alterations to existing structures shall be designed and constructed in compliance with the requirements in Tables 21.33.050-1 (Multi-family Zoning Districts Maximum Density Based on Average Slope) and 21.33.050-2 (General Development Standards for Multi-Family Residential Zoning Districts).

B.

Additional Regulations. In addition to other sections of the zoning code:

1.

Exceptions and additional regulations are included in Section 21.33.060 (Additional Residential Development Standards in Multi-Family Residential Zoning Districts);

Additional regulations for properties adjacent to single-family zoning districts are included in Section 21.33.070 (Additional Regulations for Properties Adjacent to Single-Family Residential (R-1) Zoning Districts); and

3.

See also the development standards in Article 4 (Regulations and Standards Applicable to All Zoning Districts.

Table 21.33.050-1: Multi-family Zoning Districts Maximum Density Based on Average Slope

Average Slope of Developable Area (%)			Maximum density (density units/acre)1, 2	Maximum density (density units/acre)1, 2
	R-2 Zoning District		R-3 Zoning District		R-4 Zoning District	R-5 Zoning District
	Blocks No. 1 Through 196 of the Original City Subdivision	Other Areas of the City2	Blocks No. 1 Through 196 of the Original City Subdivision	Other Areas of the City
0—4.99	12.0	8.0	18.5	12.0	16.0	20.0
5—9.99		6.5		9.5	13.0	16.0
10—14.99		5.0		7.5	10.0	13.0
15—24.99		4.0		6.5	8.5	10.5
25—34.99		3.0		5.0	6.5	8.0
		1. See also Paragraph 21.41.080(A)2 (Fractional Density). 2. See Subsection 21.33.060(A) (Special Density Standards).

Figure 21.33.050-1: R-2 and R-3 zoned lots in Blocks 1-196 of the Original Subdivision of the City

==> picture [264 x 289] intentionally omitted <==

Table 21.33.050-2: General Development Standards for Multi-Family Residential Zoning Districts

Development Standards	R-2	R-3	R-4	R-5	Additional Regulations
Minimum Lot Size	None	10,000 sf	15,000 sf	20,000 sf	See Subsection 21.33.060(G) (Subdivisions to Create Detached Single- Family Units in Multi-Family Zoning Districts)
Minimum Lot Width	50	—	—	—
Height Limit Primary structure Accessory structures	35 ft 15 ft	40 ft 15 ft	40 ft 15 ft	40 ft 15 ft	See Paragraph 21.41.040(A)2 (Table 21.41.040-1: Allowed Projections Above Height Limits)
Minimum Setbacks
Front	See Section 21.33.060(B), Table 21.33.060-2 (Setbacks in Multi-Family Zoning Districts)				See Section 21.41.120 (Determining Setbacks) and Section 21.41.130 (Projections into Setbacks)
Side - Interior
Side - Street
Rear
Structure Separations—Minimum	10 ft				See Subsection 21.33.060(D) (Structure Separation Standards)
Open Space—Minimum per unit (shared or private)	Multifamily: 375 sf Senior housing: 200 sf				See Subsection 21.33.060(E) (Open Space and Recreational Amenities)

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.060 - Additional development standards in multi-family residential zoning districts.

A.

Special Density Standards. Where the zoning districts listed in Table 21.33.060-1 appear on the zoning map, the density limits listed in Table 21.33.060-1 shall apply, regardless of the underlying average slope category and density listed in Table 21.33.050-1. All other development standards applicable in the general zoning district (for example, R- 2, R-3, R-4, R-5) shall apply.

Table 21.33.060-1: Special Density Standards

Zoning District	Maximum density (density units/acre)
R-2, B-3	6.5
R-3-10	10
R-3-O	20
R-4-20	20
R-5-20	20

B.

Setback Requirements. All structures shall comply with the setback requirements in Table 21.33.060-2. For townhouse-type condominium units and small lot developments with individual lots for each unit, setbacks from the

property lines defining each unit are not required. However, all primary and accessory buildings shall be set back from the project's exterior property lines as indicated in Table 21.33.060-2.

Table 21.33.060-2: Setbacks in Multi-Family Zoning Districts[1]

Yard	Setback	Notes/Exceptions
FRONT SETBACK (Minimum)	2
From arterial streets	25 ft
From local and private streets	15 ft	See Subsection 21.41.120(B)
From alleys	5 ft
GARAGE DOORS (Minimum):	Applies where garage doors open directly toward a street or alley.
Public streets	20 ft
Private streets	20 ft	1. See Subsection 21.41.120(B) 2. See Subsection 21.33.060(K) (Modifications for Garage Door Setbacks)
Alleys	5 ft	Adequate setback/clearance shall be provided to allow the garage door to be opened without encroaching into the alley.
STREET SIDE SETBACK (Minimum)
From arterial streets	25 ft
From local and private streets	10 ft	See Subsection 21.41.120(B)
INTERIOR SIDE SETBACK (Minimum)
Primary structures	1 story: 5 ft 2 stories: 10 ft 3+ stories: 15 ft	1. On lots that are 50 feet or less in width, structures with 2 stories may be set back 5 feet regardless of number of stories. 2. Where front doors face a side yard, the doorway shall be set back 10 feet. 3. Setbacks from alleys shall be 5 feet, unless a front door faces the alley, in which case the doorway shall be set back 10 feet.
Detached accessory structures	From property line: 3 ft From alleys: 5 ft
REAR
Primary structures	1-2 stories: 10 ft 3+ stories: 15 ft
Detached accessory structures	From property line: 3 ft From alleys: 5 ft
Notes 1. See Section 21.50.090 (Transition to Adjacent R-1 zoning district) for additional setbacks and regulations required for properties adjacent to single- family residential zoning districts. 2. Detached accessory structures (as defined in Section 21.92.190 ["Structure, Detached Accessory"]) shall not be located closer to the front property line than the front wall of the main structure oriented toward the street.

Detached Accessory Structures.

Standards.

Gross Floor Area. For projects with four or fewer units, the cumulative gross floor area of all detached accessory structures on a lot (excluding clubhouses and/or common recreation rooms) shall not exceed fifty percent of the gross floor area, including any attached garage, of the primary structure(s). Applicants may apply for an exception to this requirement through a development plan modification request (Section 21.16.020).

b.

Location. In addition to the standards listed in Table 21.33.060-2 (Setbacks in Multi-Family Zoning Districts), detached accessory structures shall be located behind the front plane of the primary structure closest to the public right-of-way.

2.

Modifications.

a.

b.

c.

Findings. In approving such a request, the review authority shall consider impacts on the views, privacy, and other concerns of abutting property owners, and make the required findings (Subsection 21.16.020(D) or Subsection 21.17.020(C), as applicable).

3.

Modifications for Shelters for Recreational Vehicles, Boats, Campers, Travel Trailers, or Similar Vehicles. See Paragraph 21.43.030(C)12.

D.

Structure Separation Standards. The minimum separations between detached structures, both main and accessory, shall be ten feet, as measured from the exterior walls or vertical posts to support roofs. To be considered attached, structures shall be made structurally a part of, and shall have a common roof with a primary structure.

E.

Open Space and Recreational Amenities.

1.

Size and Type of Open Space. Required open space may be provided as private (for the exclusive use of the residents of one dwelling unit), shared (accessible to all of the residents of a development), or a combination of private and shared open spaces. Private open space shall have 1.5 times the value of shared open space. That is, a two hundred square foot private open space area will be the equivalent of three hundred square feet of shared open space.

a.

Private open space, when provided, shall comply with the following standards:

i.

Ground floor units: an area enclosed with a three- to six-foot-high fence with a minimum area of one hundred square feet. No ground floor private open space shall be located within the front or street side setback.

ii.

Upper floor units: a private balcony with a minimum area of fifty square feet. This area shall not include walkways to adjacent units.

b.

Shared open space, when provided, shall comply with the following standards:

Slope of ten percent or less.

ii.

Minimum horizontal dimension of fifteen feet.

iii.

Not be located within front or street side setbacks, buildings, parking, or drive areas but may be located within interior side and rear setbacks.

c.

Roof-top open space (such as balcony or deck over a garage) is eligible as part of the calculation for open space. If access is limited to individual units, it shall be considered private open space. If access is available to multiple units, it shall be considered shared open space.

d.

See Subsection 21.45.020(E) (Residential Open Space Areas).

2.

Recreational Amenities.

a.

Playgrounds. Children's playgrounds, including permanent play equipment designed for children of all abilities and ages, are required consistent with Table 21.33.060-3 (Open Space Required Amenities). Senior housing is exempt from this requirement.

b.

Other Amenities. Other recreational amenities include, but are not limited to, picnic areas with barbecue pits and tables, spas, pools, clubhouses and recreation rooms, sports courts (such as basketball courts and half-courts, tennis courts pickleball courts). Other recreational amenities are required consistent with Table 21.33.060-3 (Open Space Required Amenities).

Provision of Playgrounds and Amenities. See Table 21.33.060-3 (Open Space Required Amenities).

Table 21.33.060-3: Open Space

Required Amenities

Required Amenities
Number of units	Number of playgrounds	Number of other amenities
0—10	—	—
11—25	1	—
26—50	1	1
51—75	2	1
76—100	2	2
101—150	3	2
151+	3	3

d.

Playgrounds shall comply with the following:

i.

Playgrounds shall be located in areas that are safely accessible and easily supervised.

ii.

Each playground shall include a minimum of three permanent play equipment features (such as slide, swings, monkey bars, etc.) designed for children of all abilities and ages, or the equivalent in size, scale, and recreation diversity.

iii.

One or more playgrounds may be combined as a larger playground, as long as the cumulative number of play equipment features complies with Subparagraph 21.33.060(E)2.c.

iv.

Each playground shall incorporate shade trees or shade structures.

e.

Amenities such as barbecue areas, picnic tables, and adult supervision areas for playgrounds shall be well landscaped to provide a shaded environment for the users.

f.

Multi-family residential developments consisting of forty or more dwelling units shall provide either a community/recreation room or a day care center. The minimum size of such a facility shall be no less than twenty square feet for each dwelling unit in the development and shall be a minimum of one thousand two hundred square feet. If a day care center is provided, it shall be operated in accordance with state law governing day care services.

The nature, design, and adequacy of all playgrounds and other recreation amenities shall be subject to planning commission approval as part of a development plan.

3.

Modifications. Modifications to open space requirements may be allowed through a site plan modification (Section 21.17.020). In approving such a request, the review authority shall make the findings required for a site plan modification (Subsection 21.17.020(C)).

F.

Other Amenities.

1.

Laundry Rooms. Multi-family developments with five or more dwelling units shall either provide washer and dryer hook-ups in each unit or provide a laundry room (or rooms) with one washer and one dryer for every eight dwelling units. Fractions shall be rounded to nearest whole number.

2.

Bus Shelters. A bus shelter shall be installed at each multi-family development with thirty-two or more dwelling units, unless exempted by the zoning administrator. Reasons for such exemptions may include the existence of sufficient bus shelters in close proximity to the subject development or unlikelihood of bus routes being extended to the subject development. The type and design of the bus shelter shall conform to standards adopted by the city council.

3.

Storage Rooms/Lockers. For each dwelling unit in a multi-family development, a separate, enclosed, lockable storage space at least two hundred fifty cubic feet in area shall be provided. Such storage space may be located:

a.

In a carport allocated to such unit (if a garage is provided to a dwelling unit, the storage requirement is deemed to be met); or

b.

Attached to such unit, but accessible only from the exterior; or

c.

Elsewhere in the development but not interior to any residential unit (such as in a storage building).

G.

Subdivisions to Create Detached Single-Family Units in Multi-Family Zoning Districts. For projects that meet the definition of a "small home lot development" pursuant to California Government Code Section 66499.40, where a conflict exists between this section and California Government Code Section 66499.40, California Government Code Section 66499.40 shall prevail.

H.

Refuse and Recycling Areas. In compliance with Chapter 21.51 (Refuse and Recycling Areas).

I.

Mechanical Equipment and Screening. In compliance with Chapter 21.47 (Mechanical Equipment and Screening).

J.

Prohibition on Vehicle Repair. Major repair of vehicles and equipment, whether or not owned by residents, shall be prohibited in parking lots, front and street side yards, and any required open space areas. Major repair includes major engine or transmission/differential overhaul and body work.

K.

Modifications for Garage Door Setbacks. Modifications to garage door setback requirements may be allowed through a development plan modification (Section 21.16.020) for projects on private streets. In approving such a request, the review authority shall make the findings required for a development plan modification (Subsection 21.16.020(D)), and where it can be demonstrated that such a modification will allow for:

1.

A minimum of twenty-four feet clear backup space for vehicles;

2.

A setback of no less than five feet; and

3.

Adequate space to open the garage door.

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.070 - Development standards in the multi-family residential/office professional (R-3-O) zoning districts.

A.

General Development Standards. See Section 21.33.050 (Development Standards in Multi-Family Residential Zoning Districts) and Section 21.33.060 (Additional Development Standards in Multi-Family Residential Zoning Districts)

B.

Uses Allowed. Uses permitted by right and subject to approval of a conditional use permit shall be as listed in Chapter 21.32 (Land Use Regulations in Zoning Districts) for the Office Professional (OP) zoning district.

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

21.33.080 - Additional regulations for properties adjacent to single-family residential (R-1) zoning districts.

A.

Standards for Multi-family Residential Adjacent to Single Family Residential Zoning Districts. See Section 21.50.090 (Transition to Adjacent R-1 Zoning District).

(Ord. No. 1144 N.S., § 3(Exh. A), 10-1-2024)

Chapter 21.34 - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND AIRPORT ZONING DISTRICTS (OP, CP, C-1, C-2, C-3, RC, RL, M, PM, AP)