Section 1010 — California Building Code (Title 24, Part 2)

DOORS, GATES AND TURNSTILES

[DSA-AC] In addition to the requirements of this section, means of egress, which provide access to, or egress from, buildings or facilities where accessibility is required for

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applications listed in Section 1.9.1 regulated by the Division of the State Architect—Access Compliance, shall also comply with Chapter 11A or Chapter 11B, Sections 11B-206.5 and 11B-404, as applicable.

1010.1 Doors.¶

Means of egress doors shall meet the requirements of this section. Doors serving a means of egress system shall meet the requirements of this section and Section 1022.2. Doors provided for egress purposes in numbers greater than required by this code shall meet the requirements of this section.

Means of egress doors shall be readily distinguishable from the adjacent construction and finishes such that the doors are easily recognizable as doors. Mirrors or similar reflecting materials shall not be used on means of egress doors. Means of egress doors shall not be concealed by curtains, drapes, decorations or similar materials.

1010.1.1 Size of doors.¶

The required capacity of each door opening shall be sufficient for the occupant load thereof and shall provide a minimum clear opening width of 32 inches (813 mm). The clear opening width of doorways with swinging doors shall be measured between the face of the door and the stop, with the door open 90 degrees (1.57 rad). Where this section requires a minimum clear opening width of 32 inches (813 mm) and a door opening includes two door leaves without a mullion, one leaf shall provide a minimum clear opening width of 32 inches (813 mm). In Group I-2 or I-2.1, doors serving as means of egress doors where used for the movement of beds and stretcher patients shall provide a minimum clear opening width of 44 inches (1118 mm) . The maximum width of a swinging door leaf shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) nominal. The minimum clear opening height of doors shall be not less than 80 inches (2032 mm).

Exceptions:

In Group R-2 and R-3 dwelling and sleeping units that are not required to be adaptable or accessible as specified in Chapter 11A, the minimum and maximum width shall not apply to door openings that are not part of the required means of egress.
In Group I-3, door openings to resident sleeping units that are not required to be adaptable or accessible as specified in Chapter 11A, shall have a minimum clear opening width of 28 inches (711 mm).
Door openings to storage closets less than 10 square feet (0.93 m ² ) in area shall not be limited by the minimum clear opening width.
The width of door leaves in revolving doors that comply with Section 1010.1.4.1 shall not be limited.
The maximum width of door leaves in poweroperated doors that comply with Section 1010.1.4.2 shall not be limited.
Door openings within a dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall have a minimum clear opening height of 78 inches (1981 mm).
In dwelling and sleeping units that are not required to be adaptable or accessible as speci- fied in Chapter 11A, exterior door openings other than the required exit door shall have a minimum clear opening height of 76 inches (1930 mm).
In Groups R-2, R-3 and R-4, in dwelling and sleeping units that are not required to be adapt- able or accessible as specified in Chapter 11A, the minimum clear opening widths shall not apply to interior egress doors.

9 . Doors to walk-in freezers and coolers less than 1,000 square feet (93 m ² ) in area shall have a maximum width of 60 inches (1524 mm) nominal.

10 . The minimum clear opening width shall not apply to doors for nonadaptable or nonaccessi- ble shower or sauna compartments, as specified in Chapter 11A.

11 . The minimum clear opening width shall not apply to the doors for nonadaptable or nonac- cessible toilet stalls.

1010.1.1.1 Projections into clear width.¶

There shall not be projections into the required clear opening width lower than 34 inches (864 mm) above the floor or ground. Projections into the clear opening width between 34 inches (864 mm) and 80 inches (2032 mm) above the floor or ground shall not exceed 4 inches (102 mm).

Exception s :

1. Door closers and door stops shall be permitted to be 78 inches (1980 mm) minimum above the floor.

2. In a Group I-2 or I-2.1 occupancy, there shall be no projections into the clear width of doors used for the movement of beds and stretcher patients in the means of egress.

1010.1.2 Door swing.¶

Egress doors shall be of the pivoted or side-hinged swinging type.

Exceptions:

Private garages, office areas, factory and storage areas with an occupant load of 10 or less.
Group I-3 occupancies used as a place of detention.
Critical or intensive care patient rooms within suites of health care facilities.
Doors within or serving a single dwelling unit in Groups R-2 and R-3.
In other than Group H occupancies, revolving doors complying with Section 1010.1.4.1.
In other than Group H occupancies, special purpose horizontal sliding, accordion or folding door assemblies complying with Section 1010.1.4.3.
Power-operated doors in accordance with Section 1010.1.4.2.

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Doors serving a bathroom within an individual sleeping unit in Group R-1.
In other than Group H occupancies, manually operated horizontal sliding doors are permitted in a means of egress from spaces with an occupant load of 10 or less.

10. In I-2 and I-2.1 occupancies, exit doors serving an occupant load of 50 or more, shall not be of the pivoted or balanced type.

1010.1.2.1 Direction of swing.¶

Pivot or side-hinged swinging doors shall swing in the direction of egress travel where serving a room or area containing an occupant load of 50 or more persons or a Group H occupancy. For Group L occupancies, see Section 453.6.2.

In a Group I-2 occupancy, all required exterior egress doors shall open in the direction of egress regardless of the occupant load served.

1010.1.3 Door opening force. The force for pushing or pulling open interior swinging egress doors, other than fire doors, shall not exceed 5 pounds (22 N). These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch bolts or disengage other devices that hold the door in a closed position. For other swinging doors, as well as sliding and folding doors, the door latch shall release when subjected to a 15-pound (67 N) force. The door shall be set in motion when subjected to a 30-pound (133 N) force. The door shall swing to a full-open position when subjected to a 15pound (67 N) force.

1010.1.3.1 Location of applied forces.¶

Forces shall be applied to the latch side of the door.

1010.1.4 Special doors. Special doors and security grilles shall comply with the requirements of Sections 1010.1.4.1 through 1010.1.4.5.

1010.1.4.1 Revolving doors. Revolving doors shall comply with the following:

Revolving doors shall comply with BHMA A156.27 and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Each revolving door shall be capable of breakout in accordance with BHMA A156.27 and shall provide an aggregate width of not less than 36 inches (914 mm).
A revolving door shall not be located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the foot or top of stairways or escalators. A dispersal area shall be provided between the stairways or escalators and the revolving doors.
The revolutions per minute (rpm) for a revolving door shall not exceed the maximum rpm as specified in BHMA A156.27. Manual revolving doors shall comply with Table 1010.1.4.1(1). Automatic or power-operated revolving doors shall comply with Table 1010.1.4.1(2).
An emergency stop switch shall be provided near each entry point of power or automatic operated

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revolving doors within 48 inches (1220 mm) of the door and between 24 inches (610 mm) and 48 inches (1220 mm) above the floor. The activation area of the emergency stop switch button shall be not less than 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter and shall be red.

Each revolving door shall have a side-hinged swinging door that complies with Section 1010.1 in the same wall and within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the revolving door.
Revolving doors shall not be part of an accessible route required by Section 1009 and Chapter 11A or 11B .

TABLE 1010.1.4.1(1)¶

MAXIMUM DOOR SPEED MANUAL REVOLVING DOORS

REVOLVING DOOR MAXIMUM NOMINAL DIAMETER (FT-IN)	MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE REVOLVING DOOR SPEED (RPM)
6-0	12
7-0	11
8-0	10
9-0	9
10-0	8

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

TABLE 1010.1.4.1(2) MAXIMUM DOOR SPEED AUTOMATIC OR POWER-OPERATED REVOLVING DOORS

REVOLVING DOOR MAXIMUM NOMINAL DIAMETER (FT-IN)	MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE REVOLVING DOOR SPEED (RPM)
8-0	7.2
9-0	6.4
10-0	5.7
11-0	5.2
12-0	4.8
12-6	4.6
14-0	4.1
16-0	3.6
17-0	3.4
18-0	3.2
20-0	2.9
24-0	2.4

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

1010.1.4.1.1 Egress component.¶

A revolving door used as a component of a means of egress shall comply with Section 1010.1.4.1 and the following three conditions:

Revolving doors shall not be given credit for more than 50 percent of the minimum width or required capacity.
Each revolving door shall be credited with a capacity based on not more than a 50-person occupant load.

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Each revolving door shall provide for egress in accordance with BHMA A156.27 with a breakout force of not more than 130 pounds (578 N).

1010.1.4.1.2 Other than egress component.¶

A revolving door used as other than a component of a means of egress shall comply with Section 1010.1.4.1. The breakout force of a revolving door not used as a component of a means of egress shall not be more than 180 pounds (801 N).

Exception: A breakout force in excess of 180 pounds (801 N) is permitted if the breakout force is reduced to not more than 130 pounds (578 N) when not less than one of the following conditions is satisfied:

There is a power failure or power is removed to the device holding the door wings in position.
There is an actuation of the automatic sprinkler system where such system is provided.
There is an actuation of a smoke detection system that is installed in accordance with Section 907 to provide coverage in areas within the building that are within 75 feet (22 860 mm) of the revolving doors.
There is an actuation of a manual control switch, in an approved location and clearly identified, that reduces the breakout force to not more than 130 pounds (578 N).

1010.1.4.2 Power-operated doors.¶

Where means of egress doors are operated or assisted by power, the design shall be such that in the event of power failure, the door is capable of being opened manually to permit means of egress travel or closed where necessary to safeguard means of egress. The forces required to open these doors manually shall not exceed those specified in Section 1010.1.3, except that the force to set the door in motion shall not exceed 50 pounds (220 N). The door shall be capable of opening from any position to the full width of the opening in which such door is installed when a force is applied to the door on the side from which egress is made. Power-operated swinging doors, power-operated sliding doors and power-operated folding doors shall comply with BHMA A156.10. Power-assisted swinging doors and low-energy poweroperated swinging doors shall comply with BHMA A156.19. Low-energy power-operated sliding doors and low-energy power-operated folding doors shall comply with BHMA A156.38.

Exceptions:

Occupancies in Group I-3.
Special purpose horizontal sliding, accordion or folding doors complying with Section 1010.1.4.3.
For a biparting door in the emergency breakout mode, a door leaf located within a multiple-leaf opening shall be exempt from the minimum 32-inch (813 mm) single-leaf requirement of Section 1010.1.1, provided that a minimum 32-inch (813 mm) clear opening is provided when the two biparting leaves meeting in the center are broken out.

1010.1.4.3 Special purpose horizontal sliding, accor-dion or folding doors.¶

dion or folding doors. In other than Group H occupancies, special purpose horizontal sliding, accordion or folding door assemblies permitted to be a component of a means of egress in accordance with Exception 6 to Section 1010.1.2 shall comply with all of the following criteria:

The doors shall be power operated and shall be capable of being operated manually in the event of power failure.
The doors shall be openable by a simple method from both sides without special knowledge or effort.
The force required to operate the door shall not exceed 30 pounds (133 N) to set the door in motion and 15 pounds (67 N) to close the door or open it to the minimum required width.
The door shall be openable with a force not to exceed 15 pounds (67 N) when a force of 250 pounds (1100 N) is applied perpendicular to the door adjacent to the operating device.
The door assembly shall comply with the applicable fire protection rating and, where rated, shall be self-closing or automatic closing by smoke detection in accordance with Section 716.2.6.6, shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 80 and shall comply with Section 716.
The door assembly shall have an integrated standby power supply.
The door assembly power supply shall be electrically supervised.
The door shall open to the minimum required width within 10 seconds after activation of the operating device.

1010.1.4.4 Locking arrangements in educational occupancies.¶

occupancies. In Group E and Group B educational occupancies, egress doors from classrooms, offices and other occupied rooms shall be permitted to be provided with locking arrangements designed to keep intruders from entering the room where all of the following conditions are met:

The door shall be capable of being unlocked from outside the room with a key or other approved means.
The door shall be openable from within the room in accordance with Section 1010.1.9.
Modifications shall not be made to listed panic hardware, fire door hardware or door closers.

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1010.1.4.4.1 Remote operation of locks.¶

Remote operation of locks complying with Section 1010.1.4.4 shall be permitted.

1010.1.4.4.1 Special provisions — school classrooms. School classrooms constructed after January 1, 1990, not equipped with automatic sprinkler systems, which have metal grilles or bars on all their windows and do not have at least two exit doors within 3 feet (914 mm) of each end of the classroom opening to the exterior of the building or to a common hallway used for evac- uation purposes, shall have an inside release for the grilles or bars on at least one window farthest from the exit doors. The window or windows with the inside release shall be clearly marked as emergency exits.

1010.1.4.5 Security grilles.¶

In Groups B, F, M and S, horizontal sliding or vertical security grilles are permitted at the main exit and shall be openable from the inside without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort during periods that the space is occupied. The grilles shall remain secured in the full-open position during the period of occupancy by the general public. Where two or more means of egress are required, not more than one-half of the exits or exit access doorways shall be equipped with horizontal sliding or vertical security grilles.

1010.1.5 Floor elevation.¶

There shall be a floor or landing on each side of a door. Such floor or landing shall be at the same elevation on each side of the door. Landings shall be level except for exterior landings, which are permitted to have a slope not to exceed 0.25 unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (2-percent slope).

Exceptions:

Doors serving individual dwelling units in Groups R-2 and R-3 where the following apply:

1.1. A door is permitted to open at the top step of an interior flight of stairs, provided that the door does not swing over the top step.

1.2. Screen doors and storm doors are permitted to swing over stairs or landings.

Exterior doors as provided for in Section 1003.5, Exception 1, and Section 1022.2, which are not on an accessible route.
In Group R-3 occupancies not required to be adaptable or accessible, the landing at an exterior doorway shall be not more than 7 ³ /4 inches (197 mm) below the top of the threshold, provided the door, other than an exterior storm or screen door, does not swing over the landing.
Variations in elevation due to differences in finish materials, but not more than ¹ /2 inch (12.7 mm).
Exterior decks, patios or balconies that are part of adaptable or accessible dwelling units, have impervious surfaces and that are not more than 4 inches (102 mm) below the finished floor level of the adjacent interior space of the dwelling unit. See also Chapter 11A, Section 1132A.4.

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Doors serving equipment spaces not required to be adaptable or accessible and serving an occupant load of five or less shall be permitted to have a landing on one side to be not more than 7 inches (178 mm) above or below the landing on the egress side of the door.

1010.1.6 Landings at doors.¶

Landings shall have a width not less than the width of the stairway or the door, whichever is greater. Doors in the fully open position shall not reduce a required dimension by more than 7 inches (178 mm). Where a landing serves an occupant load of 50 or more, doors in any position shall not reduce the landing to less than one-half its required width. Landings shall have a length measured in the direction of travel of not less than 44 inches (1118 mm).

Exception: Landing length in the direction of travel in Groups R-3 and U and within individual units of Group R-2 need not exceed 36 inches (914 mm).

1010.1.7 Thresholds.¶

Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed ³ /4 inch (19.1 mm) in height above the finished floor or landing for sliding doors serving dwelling units or 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) above the finished floor or landing for other doors. Raised thresholds and floor level changes greater than ¹ /4 inch (6.4 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a slope not greater than one unit vertical in two units horizontal (50-percent slope).

Exceptions:

In occupancy Group R-2 or R-3, threshold heights for sliding and side-hinged exterior doors shall be permitted to be up to 7 ³ /4 inches (197 mm) in height if all of the following apply:

1.1. The door is not part of the required means of egress.

1.2. The door is not part of an accessible route as required by Chapter 11A or 11B .

1.3. The door is not part of an adaptable or accessible dwelling unit.

In adaptable or accessible dwelling units, where Exception 5 to Section 1010.1.5 permits a 4-inch (102 mm) elevation change at the door, the threshold height on the exterior side of the door shall not exceed 4 ³ /4 inches (120 mm) in height above the exterior deck, patio or balcony for sliding doors or 4 ¹ /2 inches (114 mm) above the exterior deck, patio or balcony for other doors.

1010.1.8 Door arrangement.¶

Space between two doors in a series shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum plus the width of a door swinging into the space. Doors in a series shall swing either in the same direction or away from the space between the doors.

Exceptions:

The minimum distance between horizontal sliding power-operated doors in a series shall be 48 inches (1219 mm).
Storm and screen doors serving individual dwelling units in Groups R-2 and R-3 need not be spaced 48 inches (1219 mm) from the other door.

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Doors within individual dwelling units in Groups R-2 and R-3 other than adaptable or accessible dwelling units.

1010.1.9 Door operations.¶

Except as specifically permitted by this section, egress doors shall be readily openable from the egress side without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort.

1010.1.9.1 Hardware. Door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices on doors required to be accessible by Chapter 11A or 11B shall not require tight grasping, tight pinching or twisting of the wrist to operate.

These design requirements for door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices, intended for use on required means of egress doors in other than Group R and M occupancies with an occupant load of 10 or less, shall comply with SFM Standard 12-10-2, Section 12-10-202 contained in the CCR, Title 24, Part 12, California Referenced Standards Code.

1010.1.9.2 Hardware height.¶

Door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operating devices shall be installed 34 inches (864 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum above the finished floor. Locks used only for security purposes and not used for normal operation are permitted at any height.

Exception: Access doors or gates in barrier walls and fences protecting pools, spas and hot tubs shall be permitted to have operable parts of the latch release on self-latching devices at 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum above the finished floor or ground, provided that the self-latching devices are not also self-locking devices operated by means of a key, electronic opener or integral combination lock.

1010.1.9.3 Monitored or recorded egress.¶

Where electrical systems that monitor or record egress activity are incorporated, the locking system shall comply with Section 1010.1.9.7, 1010.1.9.8, 1010.1.9.9, 1010.1.9.10 or 1010.1.9.11 or shall be readily openable from the egress side without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort.

1010.1.9.4 Locks and latches. Locks and latches shall be permitted to prevent operation of doors where any of the following exist:

Places of detention or restraint.
In buildings in occupancy Group A having an occupant load of 300 or less, Groups B, F, M and S, and in places of religious worship, the main door or doors are permitted to be equipped with key-operated locking devices from the egress side provided:

2.1. The locking device is readily distinguishable as locked.

2.2. A readily visible durable sign is posted on the egress side on or adjacent to the door stating: THIS DOOR TO REMAIN UNLOCKED WHEN THIS SPACE IS OCCUPIED. The sign shall be in letters 1

inch (25 mm) high on a contrasting background.

2.3. The use of the key-operated locking device is revocable by the building official for due cause.

Where egress doors are used in pairs, approved automatic flush bolts shall be permitted to be used, provided that the door leaf having the automatic flush bolts does not have a doorknob or surface-mounted hardware.
Doors from individual dwelling or sleeping units of Group R occupancies having an occupant load of 10 or less are permitted to be equipped with a night latch, dead bolt or security chain, provided such devices are openable from the inside without the use of a key or tool.
Fire doors after the minimum elevated temperature has disabled the unlatching mechanism in accordance with listed fire door test procedures.
Doors serving roofs not intended to be occupied shall be permitted to be locked preventing entry to the building from the roof.

1010.1.9.5 Bolt locks.¶

Manually operated flush bolts or surface bolts are not permitted.

Exceptions:

On doors not required for egress in individual dwelling units or sleeping units.
Where a pair of doors serves a storage or equipment room, manually operated edge- or surface-mounted bolts are permitted on the inactive leaf.
Where a pair of doors serves an occupant load of less than 50 persons in a Group B, F or S occupancy, manually operated edge- or surface-mounted bolts are permitted on the inactive leaf. The inactive leaf shall not contain doorknobs, panic bars or similar operating hardware.
Where a pair of doors serves a Group B, F or S occupancy, manually operated edge- or surface-mounted bolts are permitted on the inactive leaf provided that such inactive leaf is not needed to meet egress capacity requirements and the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. The inactive leaf shall not contain doorknobs, panic bars or similar operating hardware.
Where a pair of doors serves patient care rooms in Group I-2 occupancies, self-latching edge- or surface-mounted bolts are permitted on the inactive leaf provided that the inactive leaf is not needed to meet egress capacity requirements and the inactive leaf shall not contain doorknobs, panic bars or similar operating hardware.

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as part of the function of a psychiatric treatment area.

Items 1 through 4 shall not apply to doors to areas where a listed egress control system is utilized to reduce the risk of child abduction from nursery and obstetric areas of a Group I2 hospital.

1010.1.9.8 Delayed egress.¶

Delayed egress locking systems shall be permitted to be installed on doors serving the following occupancies in buildings that are equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 and an approved automatic smoke or heat detection system installed in accordance with Section 907.

Group B, F, I, M, R, S and U occupancies.
Group E classrooms with an occupant load of less than 50.

Exception: Delayed egress locking systems shall be permitted to be installed on exit or exit access doors, other than the main exit or exit access door, serving a Group A courtroom in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 and approved automatic smoke or heat detection system installed in accordance with Section 907.

1010.1.9.8.1 Delayed egress locking system.¶

The delayed egress locking system shall be installed and operated in accordance with all of the following:

The delay electronics of the delayed egress locking system shall deactivate upon actuation of the automatic sprinkler system or automatic fire detection system, allowing immediate free egress.
The delay electronics of the delayed egress locking system shall deactivate upon loss of electrical power controlling the lock or lock mechanism, allowing immediate free egress to any one of the following:

2.1. The egress-control device itself.

2.2. The smoke detection system.

2.3. Means of egress illumination as required by Section 1008.

The delayed egress locking system shall have the capability of being deactivated at the fire command center and other approved locations.
An attempt to egress shall initiate an irreversible process that shall allow such egress in not more than 15 seconds when a physical effort to exit is applied to the egress side door hardware for not more than 3 seconds. Initiation of the irreversible process shall activate an audible signal in the vicinity of the door. Once the delay electronics have been deactivated, rearming the delay electronics shall be by manual means only. The time delay estab- lished for each egress-control device shall not be field adjustable. For applications listed in

1010.1.9.6 Unlatching.¶

The unlatching of any door or leaf shall not require more than one operation.

Exceptions:

Places of detention or restraint.
Where manually operated bolt locks are permitted by Section 1010.1.9.5.
Doors with automatic flush bolts as permitted by Section 1010.1.9.4, Item 3.
Doors from individual dwelling units and sleeping units of Group R occupancies as permitted by Section 1010.1.9.4, Item 4.

1010.1.9.6.1 Closet doors. Closet doors that latch in the closed position shall be openable from inside the closet.

1010.1.9.7 Controlled egress doors in Group I-2.¶

Electric locking systems, including electro-mechanical locking systems and electromagnetic locking systems, shall be permitted to be locked in the means of egress in Group I-2 occupancies where the clinical needs of persons receiving care require their containment. Controlled egress doors shall be permitted in such occupancies where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or an approved automatic smoke or heat detection system installed in accordance with Section 907, provided that the doors are installed and operate in accordance with all of the following:

The door locks shall unlock on actuation of the automatic sprinkler system or automatic fire detection system.
The door locks shall unlock on loss of power controlling the lock or lock mechanism.
The door locking system shall be installed to have the capability of being unlocked by a switch located at the fire command center, a nursing station or other approved location. The switch shall directly break power to the lock.
A building occupant shall not be required to pass through more than one door equipped with a controlled egress locking system before entering an exit.
The procedures for unlocking the doors shall be described and approved as part of the emergency planning and preparedness required by Chapter 4 of the California Fire Code.
All clinical staff shall have the keys, codes or other means necessary to operate the locking systems.
Emergency lighting shall be provided at the door.
The door locking system units shall be listed in accordance with UL 294.

Exceptions:

Items 1 through 4 shall not apply to doors to areas occupied by persons who, because of clinical needs, require restraint or containment

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Section 1.9.1 regulated by the Division of the State Architect-Access Compliance, see Chap- ter 11B, 11B-404.2.9.

Exception: In facilities housing Alzheimer’s or dementia clients, a delay of not more than 30 seconds is permitted on a delayed egress door.

The egress path from any point shall not pass through more than one delayed egress locking system.

Exceptions:

In Group I-2 or I-3 occupancies, the egress path from any point in the building shall pass through not more than two delayed egress locking systems provided that the combined delay does not exceed 30 seconds.

5.1. A tactile sign shall also be provided in Braille and raised characters, which complies with Chapter 11B, Sections 11B-703.1, 11B-703.2, 11B-703.3 and 11B- 703.5.

5.2. In Group I-4 occupancies, the egress path from any point in the building shall pass through not more than two delayed egress locking systems provided the combined delay does not exceed 30 seconds and the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

A sign shall be provided on the door and shall be located above and within 12 inches (305 mm) of the door exit hardware:

6.1. For doors that swing in the direction of egress, the sign shall read: PUSH UNTIL ALARM SOUNDS. DOOR CAN BE OPENED IN 15 [30] SECONDS.

6.2. For doors that swing in the opposite direction of egress, the sign shall read: PULL UNTIL ALARM SOUNDS. DOOR CAN BE OPENED IN 15 [30] SECONDS.

6.3. The sign shall comply with the visual character requirements in Section 11B- 703.5. Sign lettering shall be at least 1 inch (25 mm) in height and shall have a stroke of not less than ¹ /8 inch (3.2 mm).

6.4. A tactile sign shall also be provided in Braille and raised characters, which complies with Chapter 11B, Sections

11B-703.1, 11B-703.2, 11B-703.3 and 11B-703.5.

Exception: Where approved, in Group I occupancies, the installation of a sign is not required where care recipients who because of clinical needs require restraint or containment as part of the function of the treatment area.

Emergency lighting shall be provided on the egress side of the door.
The delayed egress locking system units shall be listed in accordance with UL 294.

9. Actuation of the panic bar or other door- latching hardware shall activate an audible signal at the door.

10. The unlatching shall not require more than one operation.

11. Regardless of the means of deactivation, relocking of the egress-control device shall be by manual means only at the door.

1010.1.9.9 Sensor release of electrically locked egress doors.¶

egress doors. Sensor release of electric locking systems shall be permitted on doors located in the means of egress in any occupancy except Group H where installed and operated in accordance with all of the following criteria:

The sensor shall be installed on the egress side, arranged to detect an occupant approaching the doors, and shall cause the electric locking system to unlock.
The electric locks shall be arranged to unlock by a signal from or loss of power to the sensor.
Loss of power to the lock or locking system shall automatically unlock the electric locks.
The doors shall be arranged to unlock from a manual unlocking device located 40 inches to 48 inches (1016 mm to 1219 mm) vertically above the floor and within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the secured doors. Ready access shall be provided to the manual unlocking device and the device shall be clearly identified by a sign that reads “PUSH TO EXIT.” When operated, the manual unlocking device shall result in direct interruption of power to the electric lock—independent of other electronics—and the electric lock shall remain unlocked for not less than 30 seconds.
Activation of the building fire alarm system, where provided, shall automatically unlock the electric lock, and the electric lock shall remain unlocked until the fire alarm system has been reset.
Activation of the building automatic sprinkler system or fire detection system, where provided, shall automatically unlock the electric lock. The

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electric lock shall remain unlocked until the fire alarm system has been reset.

The door locking system units shall be listed in accordance with UL 294.

1010.1.9.10 Door hardware release of electrically locked egress doors.¶

locked egress doors. Door hardware release of electric locking systems shall be permitted on doors in the means of egress in any occupancy except Group H where installed and operated in accordance with all of the following:

The door hardware that is affixed to the door leaf has an obvious method of operation that is readily operated under all lighting conditions.
The door hardware is capable of being operated with one hand and shall comply with Section 1010.1.9.6.
Operation of the door hardware directly interrupts the power to the electric lock and unlocks the door immediately.
Loss of power to the electric locking system automatically unlocks the door.
Where panic or fire exit hardware is required by Section 1010.1.10, operation of the panic or fire exit hardware also releases the electric lock.
The locking system units shall be listed in accordance with UL 294.

1010.1.9.11 Reserved¶

1010.1.9.12 Stairway doors. Interior stairway means of egress doors shall be openable from both sides without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort.

Exceptions:

Stairway discharge doors shall be openable from the egress side and shall only be locked from the opposite side.
This section shall not apply to doors arranged in accordance with Section 403.5.3.
Stairway exit doors are permitted to be locked from the side opposite the egress side, provided that they are openable from the egress side and capable of being unlocked simultaneously without unlatching upon a signal from the fire command center, if present, or a signal by emergency personnel from a single location inside the main entrance to the building.
Stairway exit doors shall be openable from the egress side and shall only be locked from the opposite side in Group B, F, M and S occupancies where the only interior access to the tenant space is from a single exit stairway where permitted in Section 1006.3.3.
Stairway exit doors shall be openable from the egress side and shall only be locked from the opposite side in Group R-2 occupancies where the only interior access to the dwelling unit is

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from a single exit stairway where permitted in Section 1006.3.3.

1010.1.9.13 Access-controlled elevator lobby doors in high-rise office buildings.¶

high-rise office buildings. For elevator lobbies in high-rise office buildings where the occupants of the floor are not required to travel through the elevator lobby to reach an exit, when approved by the fire chief, the doors separating the elevator lobby from the adja- cent occupied tenant space that also serve as the entrance doors to the tenant space shall be permitted to be equipped with an approved entrance and egress access control system provided all of the following requirements are met:

1. The building is provided throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

2. A smoke detector is installed on the ceiling on the tenant side of the elevator lobby doors along the center line of the door opening, not less than 1 foot and not more than 5 feet from the door open- ing, and is connected to the fire alarm system.

3. A remote master switch capable of unlocking the elevator lobby doors shall be provided in the fire command center for use by the fire department.

4. Locks for the elevator lobby shall be U.L. and California State Fire Marshal listed fail-safe type locking mechanisms. The locking device shall automatically release on activation of any fire alarm device on the floor of alarm (waterflow, smoke detector, manual pull stations, etc.). All locking devices shall unlock, but not unlatch, upon activation.

5. A two-way voice communication system, utilizing dedicated lines, shall be provided from each locked elevator lobby to the 24-hour staffed loca- tion on site, annunciated as to location. Operat- ing instructions shall be posted above each two- way communication device.

Exception: When approved by the fire chief, two-way voice communication system to an off-site facility may be permitted where means to remotely unlock the access controlled doors from the off-site facility are provided.

6. An approved momentary mushroom-shaped palm button connected to the doors and installed adja- cent to each locked elevator lobby door shall be provided to release the door locks when operated by an individual in the elevator lobby. The locks shall be reset manually at the door. Mount palm button so that the center line is 48 inches above the finished floor.

Provide a sign stating:

“IN CASE OF EMERGENCY,

PUSH PALM BUTTON,

DOOR WILL UNLOCK AND SECURITY ALARM

WILL SOUND.”

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The sign lettering shall be ³ /4-inch high letters by 1/8-inch width stroke on a contrasting back- ground.

7. Loss of power to that part of the access control system which locks the doors shall automatically unlock the doors.

1010.1.10 Panic and fire exit hardware.¶

Swinging doors serving a Group H occupancy and swinging doors serving rooms or spaces with an occupant load of 50 or more in a Group A or E occupancy assembly area not classified as an assembly occupancy E, I-2 or I-2.1 occupancies shall not be provided with a latch or lock other than panic hardware or fire exit hardware. For Group L occupancies see Section 453.6.3.

Exceptions:

A main exit of a Group A occupancy shall be permitted to have locking devices in accordance with Section 1010.1.9.4, Item 2.
Doors provided with panic hardware or fire exit hardware and serving a Group A or E occupancy shall be permitted to be electrically locked in accordance with Section 1010.1.9.9 or 1010.1.9.10.

Electrical rooms with equipment rated 800 -amperes or more and over 6 feet (1829 mm) wide, and that contain overcurrent devices, switching devices or control devices with exit or exit access doors, shall be equipped with panic hardware or fire exit hardware. The doors shall swing in the direction of egress travel.

1010.1.10.1 Installation.¶

Where panic or fire exit hardware is installed, it shall comply with the following:

Panic hardware shall be listed in accordance with UL 305.
Fire exit hardware shall be listed in accordance with UL 10C and UL 305.
The actuating portion of the releasing device shall extend not less than one-half of the door leaf width.
The maximum unlatching force shall not exceed 15 pounds (67 N).

1010.1.10.2 Balanced doors. If balanced doors are used and panic hardware is required, the panic hardware shall be the push-pad type and the pad shall not extend more than one-half the width of the door measured from the latch side.

1010.1.11 Group E lockable doors from the inside.¶

New buildings that are included in public schools (kindergar- ten through 12th grade) state funded projects and receiv- ing state funding pursuant to Leroy F. Green, School Facilities Act of 1998, California Education Code Sec- tions 17070.10 through 17079, and that are submitted to the Division of the State Architect for plan review after July 1, 2011 in accordance with Education Code 17075.50, shall include locks that allow doors to class- rooms and any room with an occupancy of five or more persons to be locked from the inside. The locks shall con-

form to the specification and requirements found in Sec- tion 1010.1.9

Exceptions:

1. Doors that are locked from the outside at all times such as, but not limited to, janitor’s closet, electrical room, storage room, boiler room, ele- vator equipment room and pupil restroom.

2. Reconstruction projects that utilize original plans in accordance with California Administrative Code, Section 4-314.

3. Existing relocatable buildings that are relocated within same site in accordance with California Administrative Code, Section 4-314.

1010.2 Gates.¶

Gates serving the means of egress system shall comply with the requirements of this section. Gates used as a component in a means of egress shall conform to the applicable requirements for doors.

Exception: Horizontal sliding or swinging gates exceeding the 4-foot (1219 mm) maximum leaf width limitation are permitted in fences and walls surrounding a stadium.

1010.2.1 Stadiums. Panic hardware is not required on gates surrounding stadiums where such gates are under constant immediate supervision while the public is present, and where safe dispersal areas based on 3 square feet (0.28 m ² ) per occupant are located between the fence and enclosed space. Such required safe dispersal areas shall not be located less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the enclosed space. See Section 1028.5 for means of egress from safe dispersal areas.

1010.3 Turnstiles and similar devices.¶

Turnstiles or similar devices that restrict travel to one direction shall not be placed so as to obstruct any required means of egress, except where permitted in accordance with Sections 1010.3.1, 1010.3.2 and 1010.3.3.

1010.3.1 Capacity. Each turnstile or similar device shall be credited with a capacity based on not more than a 50person occupant load where all of the following provisions are met:

Each device shall turn free in the direction of egress travel when primary power is lost and on the manual release by an employee in the area.
Such devices are not given credit for more than 50 percent of the required egress capacity or width.
Each device is not more than 39 inches (991 mm) high.
Each device has not less than 16 ¹ /2 inches (419 mm) clear width at and below a height of 39 inches (991 mm) and not less than 22 inches (559 mm) clear width at heights above 39 inches (991 mm).

1010.3.1.1 Clear width. Where located as part of an accessible route, turnstiles shall have not less than 36 inches (914 mm) clear at and below a height of 34 inches (864 mm), not less than 32 inches (813 mm) clear width between 34 inches (864 mm) and 80 inches (2032 mm) and shall consist of a mechanism other than a revolving device.

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1010.3.2 Security access turnstiles. Security access turnstiles that inhibit travel in the direction of egress utilizing a physical barrier shall be permitted to be considered as a component of the means of egress, provided that all of the following criteria are met:

The building is protected throughout by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
Each security access turnstile lane configuration has a minimum clear passage width of 22 inches (559 mm).
Any security access turnstile lane configuration providing a clear passage width of less than 32 inches (810 mm) shall be credited with a maximum egress capacity of 50 persons.
Any security access turnstile lane configuration providing a clear passage width of 32 inches (810 mm) or more shall be credited with a maximum egress capacity as calculated in accordance with Section
Each secured physical barrier shall automatically retract or swing to an unobstructed open position in the direction of egress, under each of the following conditions:

5.1. Upon loss of power to the turnstile or any part of the access control system that secures the physical barrier.

5.2. Upon actuation of a clearly identified manual release device with ready access that results in direct interruption of power to each secured physical barrier, after which such barriers remain in the open position for not less than 30 seconds. The manual release device shall be positioned at one of the following locations:

5.2.1. On the egress side of each security access turnstile lane.

5.2.2. At an approved location where it can be actuated by an employee assigned to the area at all times that the building is occupied.

5.3. Upon actuation of the building fire alarm system, if provided, after which the physical barrier remains in the open position until the fire alarm system is manually reset.

Exception: Actuation of a manual fire alarm box.

5.4. Upon actuation of the building automatic sprinkler or fire detection system, after which the physical barrier remains in the open position until the fire alarm system is manually reset.

1010.3.3 High turnstile. Turnstiles more than 39 inches (991 mm) high shall meet the requirements for revolving doors or the requirements of Section 1010.3.2 for security access turnstiles.

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1010.3.4 Additional door. Where serving an occupant load greater than 300, each turnstile that is not portable shall have a side-hinged swinging door that conforms to Section 1010.1 within 50 feet (15 240 mm).

Exception: A side-hinged swinging door is not required at security access turnstiles that comply with Section 1010.3.2.