CRSC · California Referenced Standards Code

Releasing systems for security bars and emergency‑escape requirements

If your home has security bars over an emergency escape window or door, the CRSC requires that those bars be instantly releasable from inside—without tools, keys, or special knowledge—provide the minimum clear opening for escape, meet specified actuation force limits, be mounted and marked per the manufacturer’s instructions, and carry the required listing/identification (see **§ 12-3-1.1** and **§ 12-10-306**) file.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — plain English

Security-bar releasing systems installed over required emergency escape openings must allow occupants to unlatch and open the obstruction from the inside quickly, without tools, keys, or special knowledge — i.e., they must provide an immediate interior release so occupants can escape during an emergency (§ 12-3-1.1) . Releasing assemblies must also be marked with the listee’s name/model (or approved symbol) when listed; otherwise they must bear an approved identification label as required by the State Fire Marshal (§ 12-10-306) .

The single most important rule: security bars on required emergency escape openings must be releasable from the inside, quickly and intuitively, without tools, keys or special knowledge (see § 12-3-1.1) .

Requirements in detail

Scope and intent

  • Security bars: bars, grilles, grates or similar barriers placed over doors or windows required for emergency escape — intended to allow occupant-actuated escape, not to evaluate resistance to forced entry or exterior rescue access (§ 12-3-1.1, § 12-3-1.4–1.5) .
  • The standard applies to assemblies used on the interior side of dwelling-unit escape openings and does not cover primary means of egress in nonresidential paths or window fall‑prevention guards (§ 12-3-1.2, § 12-3-1.7–1.8) .

How the release must operate

  • The system must immediately unlatch when actuated and be operable from inside the dwelling without tools, keys, or special knowledge (§ 12-3-3.3) .
  • Manual actuators must be mounted inside and must not be obstructed by covers that inhibit operation (§ 12-3-3.4) .
  • The release must not rely on springs to perform the unlatching (springs may assist operation) (§ 12-3-3.5) .
  • Manual actuation must be quick and intuitive, operable in all lighting conditions, and must not require two simultaneous forces (no two-handed simultaneous pushes/pulls) (§ 12-3-3.8–3.9) .

Actuator types and force limits

  • Allowed actuator types: finger‑actuated, hand‑actuated, or foot‑actuated (§ 12-3-4.5.1) .
  • Force limits (manual actuation test): average and maximum pull/push limits are specified for each actuator type (§ 12-3-8.2.1–8.2.3) .

Decision‑relevant dimensions, forces and other values

Decision dimension Required value / limit Why it matters Code Reference
Interior release required Must allow occupant-actuated unlatch without tools/keys/special knowledge Ensures escape in emergency § 12-3-1.1
Minimum clear opening when fully opened 5.7 sq ft (net); width ≥ 20 in; height ≥ 24 in Escape clearance must meet code opening size § 12-3-3.10
Actuator mounting height (installation instruction) Mount inside at ≤ 48 in above finished floor Ensures reachability by occupants § 12-3-13.3
Finger/hand average force limit ≤ 5 lb average; ≤ 10 lb any single attempt Usability — must be operable by typical occupants § 12-3-8.2.1–8.2.2
Foot-actuated average force limit ≤ 15 lb average; ≤ 30 lb any single attempt OR pendulum impact test Alternative for kick‑style actuators § 12-3-8.2.3–8.2.3 (pendulum)
Force to set bars in motion after unlatch ≤ 30 lb Ensures bars open without excessive pushing § 12-3-8.4
Force to open bars to minimum required width ≤ 15 lb Final opening must be achievable § 12-3-8.4
Prohibition on locking closed externally Must be designed to prevent padlocks or similar devices from locking system closed Prevents defeating the interior release § 12-3-3.6
Marking of releasing assembly Listee name/model or approved symbol must be plainly marked; unlisted devices must carry approved identification Traceability and listing requirement (SFM) § 12-10-306

Performance, durability, and environmental requirements

  • Systems must pass endurance (250 cycles) and operate after cycling (§ 12-3-9.1–9.2) .
  • Environmental conditioning (120°F and 32°F) followed by actuation tests ensures operation in temperature extremes (§ 12-3-10.2–10.3) .
  • Abuse testing: impact tests to ensure release components retain function (§ 12-3-11.2) .

Exceptions & special cases

  • The standard applies only to openings designated by building codes as required emergency escape openings; devices intended for fall prevention or storm screens are excluded (§ 12-3-1.6, § 12-3-1.8–1.9) .
  • Systems with automatic actuation must still include a compliant manual release that is not inhibited if the automatic system fails (§ 12-3-3.7) .
  • Security bars may be supplied separately from releasing assemblies only if the instruction manual lists compatible bar models and maximum dimensions (§ 12-3-3.1 Exception; § 12-3-13.2) .
  • Where local authority requires, exterior release devices for fire department use may be required by the enforcement authority (see building/fire code cross‑references) — check local jurisdiction rules (related references R319.4.4, 1031.5, etc.) .

Common mistakes

  • Assuming a keyed external release satisfies the interior requirement — interior unlatching must be tool/key‑free and simple (§ 12-3-3.3) .
  • Mounting actuators above the maximum recommended height; installation instructions require mounting at ≤ 48 in (§ 12-3-13.3) .
  • Relying on a spring as the sole method to release the latch — springs may assist but cannot be the release method (§ 12-3-3.5) .
  • Ignoring force limits — testing requires average/max force thresholds for finger/hand/foot actuators and limits on the force to move/open bars (§ 12-3-8.2, § 12-3-8.4) .
  • Installing bars that allow a 4‑inch sphere to pass or that have projections that snag clothing — head‑entrapment and snag hazards are prohibited (§ 12-3-3.11–3.12) .
  • Failing to mark the releasing assembly appropriately — listed devices must be plainly marked per § 12-10-306 .

Worked example — concrete scenario

Scenario: A bedroom window required as an emergency escape opening will be covered with a fixed grille plus a releasing assembly mounted inside.

  1. Confirm the minimum clear opening when grille is opened: the assembly must yield a net clear opening of at least 5.7 sq ft, with width ≥ 20 in and height ≥ 24 in when fully opened (§ 12-3-3.10) .
    • If the existing window net clear opening is 5.7 sq ft (e.g., 36 in wide × 19 in high would be too small — check dimensions), ensure grille and latch design allow full required opening.
  2. Select actuator: choose a hand‑actuated lever. Confirm actuation force: average unlatch force must be ≤ 5 lb, and any single attempt ≤ 10 lb (§ 12-3-8.2.2) .
  3. Mounting height: mount actuator inside no higher than 48 in above finished floor per instructions (§ 12-3-13.3) .
  4. Verify post‑unlatch motion: after unlatching, the force to set the bars in motion must be ≤ 30 lb, and to open to the minimum width ≤ 15 lb (§ 12-3-8.4) .
  5. Marking/listing: ensure the releasing assembly is listed and marked with the listee’s name/model or carries an approved label if unlisted, per § 12-10-306 .

If the installer follows these steps and verifies with the manufacturer’s instructions and labels, the assembly will meet the CRSC requirements cited above.

Related provisions (CRSC sections)

  • § 12-3-3.3 — Immediate unlatching; interior operation without tools/keys/special knowledge .
  • § 12-3-3.10 — Required minimum clear opening when fully opened (5.7 sq ft, width/height minima) .
  • § 12-3-4.5.1 — Definitions of actuator types (finger/hand/foot) and acceptable motions .
  • § 12-3-8.2.1–8.2.3 — Manual actuation force test limits for finger/hand/foot actuators .
  • § 12-3-8.4 — Limits on force to set bars in motion and to open them to the minimum width after unlatching .
  • § 12-3-9.1–9.2 — Endurance cycling requirements (250 cycles) and re‑testing after cycling .
  • § 12-3-11.2 — Abuse impact test requirements for release components .
  • § 12-3-12.2–12.2.3 — Markings and symbol/diagram requirements on actuators and assemblies (SFM SB-2000 identification) .
  • § 12-3-13.3 — Installation instructions specifying actuator mounting height (≤ 48 in) .
  • § 12-10-305 — Emergency operation test force requirements and test procedure (related performance testing) .
  • § 12-10-306 — Marking requirement for listee’s name/model or approved identification (State Fire Marshal) .

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Referenced Standards Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CRSC § 12-72 High relevance — show source text

    |SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-2|Protective signaling systems. Single-and
    multiple-station fire alarm devices
    mechanically operated type.|SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-3|Protective signaling systems. Smoke detectors,
    combustion products type.|SFM||

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    12-1 ADMINISTRATION

    RESERVED

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    12-3 RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    (This standard includes provisions of Underwriters Laboratories Subject 2326, Appendix B, dated December 17, 1999, reprinted with their permission.)

    INTRODUCTION

    SECTION 12-3-1—SCOPE

    12-3-1.1 These requirements cover releasing systems for bars, grilles, mesh, glazing or other items intended to provide security at doors and windows required for emergency escape from dwelling units. When actuated by the occupant, the system allows the obstructions over the door or window to be moved so occupants can escape in the event of an emergency.

    12-3-1.2 These requirements only cover the ability of the releasing system to be manually activated from the interior of a dwelling unit by an occupant to affect an escape through the protected opening.

    12-3-1.3 These requirements cover releasing systems intended for use on the interior side of doors or windows in all climatic locations.

    12-3-1.4 These requirements do not evaluate the ability of the releasing system or obstructions to resist an external forced entry attack.

    12-3-1.5 These requirements do not evaluate the ability of the releasing system or obstructions to be opened or removed from the exterior of the residential dwelling unit by emergency response personnel during rescue operations.

    12-3-1.6 Products covered by these requirements are intended for installation in dwelling units to protect door and window openings that are designated by the California Building Standards Code to be used as the secondary means of escape from the living area.

    12-3-1.7 Products covered by these requirements are not intended to be used to protect doors in means of egress path for nonresidential occupancies, the common egress path of multifamily residential dwelling units or the primary means of egress path in a single-family dwelling unit.

    12-3-1.8 These requirements do not cover window guards or fall prevention devices that are intended to prevent falls from upper story windows.

    12-3-1.9 These requirements do not apply to storm doors and windows or light duty screens used for insect control.

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

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    RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    12-3-2.4.2 Escape. For the purposes of these requirements, escape refers to movement of occupants from the interior of a residential dwelling unit to a safe point outside of the dwelling unit during an emergency fire condition.

    12-3-2.4.3 Emergency means of escape. A passage independent of and remote from the primary means of escape that provides a means of travel from living and sleeping spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside.

    12-3-2.4.4 Means of escape. A concept included in building codes that, in most cases, requires sleeping rooms and living areas in dwelling units to be provided with at least one primary means of escape and one secondary means of escape to the outside.

    12-3-2.4.5 Primary means of escape. A door, stairway or ramp providing a means of unobstructed travel from living spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside at street or ground level.

    12-3-2.4.6 Security bars. For the purposes of these requirements, the term “security bars” includes “burglar bars” and refers to metal and other bars, grilles, grates and other barriers that are designed to provide security for doors and windows in dwelling units. The purpose of security bars, by their mere presence on a building, is to deter a potential forced entry into the dwelling.

    CONSTRUCTION

    SECTION 12-3-3—ASSEMBLY

    12-3-3.1 Security bar releasing systems consist of the security bars, latches, manual actuators, cables, connectors, hinges and mounting hardware. The entire system shall be packaged in a single container. Standard mounting hardware including screws, bolts and washers are allowed to be provided separately.

    Exception: The security bars shall be allowed to be provided separately if the instruction manual complies with Section 12-3-13.2.

    12-3-3.2 The system shall be of a type capable of being readily maintained in proper operating condition.

    12-3-3.3 The system shall be designed to immediately unlatch the security bars when actuated. It shall be able to be operated from the inside of a building by the occupants without the use of tools, keys, or special knowledge or effort.

    12-3-3.4 The manual actuator used to release the security bars shall be designed to be mounted inside the dwelling unit for operation by the occupants. Covers or other barriers that can obstruct access to actuators shall not be provided if they inhibit the proper operation of the system.

    12-3-3.5 The release mechanism shall not depend on springs to release the latch, although springs are allowed to be provided to assist in the operation.

    12-3-3.6 The system shall be designed to prevent it from being locked in a closed position with a pad lock or similar device.

    12-3-3.7 Systems provided with an automatic actuating mechanism shall also include a manual release system that complies with these requirements. The automatic actuation portion of the system, even in the event of its failure, shall not inhibit operation of the manual releasing system.

    12-3-3.8 Manual actuation of the system shall release the security bars quickly and with simple, easily understood and intuitive motions. The system shall be capable of being operated in all lighting conditions.

  • CRSC § 1009.12 High relevance — show source text

    Emergency exit and panic hardware.
    |SFM|Part 9, Section 1009.12| |Chapter 12-11A,
    12-11B|Detectable warning products and directional
    surfaces|DSA|Part 2, Sections 1112A.9, 1116A.5, 11B-247,
    11B-406.5.12, 11B-705, 11B-810.5.2| |Chapter 12-12|Reserved||| |Chapter 12-13|Standards for insulating material|CA/SFM|Part 2.5, Section R302.10.1
    Part 6, Section 110.8
    Part 9, Section 720, Table 721.1(1)
    Part 11, Section A5.504.4.8| |Chapter 12-16-1|California standard for earthquake-actuated
    automatic gas shutoff systems|DSA|Part 2, Chapters 16 and 16A
    Part 5, Section 1211.8| |Chapter 12-16-2|California standard for residential excess flow
    actuated automatic gas shutoff valves|DSA|Part 5, Section 1209.1| |Chapter 12-31C|Radiation shielding|DPH|Part 2, Section 3102C| |Chapter 12-71|Air filters|SFM|Part 4, Sections 401.2, 509.2.3, 509.2.3.4
    Part 6, Section 120.1| |Chapter 12-72-1|Protective signaling systems.
    Standard test procedures.|SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-2|Protective signaling systems. Single-and
    multiple-station fire alarm devices
    mechanically operated type.|SFM|| |Chapter 12-72-3|Protective signaling systems. Smoke detectors,
    combustion products type.|SFM||

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    12-3 RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    (This standard includes provisions of Underwriters Laboratories Subject 2326, Appendix B, dated December 17, 1999, reprinted with their permission.)

    INTRODUCTION

    SECTION 12-3-1—SCOPE

    12-3-1.1 These requirements cover releasing systems for bars, grilles, mesh, glazing or other items intended to provide security at doors and windows required for emergency escape from dwelling units. When actuated by the occupant, the system allows the obstructions over the door or window to be moved so occupants can escape in the event of an emergency.

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

    Such bars, grills, grates or any similar devices shall be equipped with an approved exterior release device for use by the fire department only when required by the authority having jurisdiction.

    Where security bars (burglar bars) are installed on emergency egress and rescue windows or doors, on or after July 1, 2000, such devices shall comply with California Building Standards Code, Part 12, Chapter 12-3 and other applicable provisions of this code.

    R319.2 Emergency escape and rescue openings. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall have minimum dimensions in accordance with Sections R319.2.1 through R319.2.4.

    R319.2.1 Minimum size. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall have a net clear opening of not less than 5.7 square feet (0.530 m [2] ).

    Exception: The minimum net clear opening for grade-floor emergency escape and rescue openings shall be 5 square feet (0.465 m [2] ).

    R319.2.2 Minimum dimensions. The minimum net clear opening height dimension shall be 24 inches (610 mm). The minimum net clear opening width dimension shall be 20 inches (508 mm). The net clear opening dimensions shall be the result of normal operation of the opening.

    R319.2.3 Maximum height from floor. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall have the bottom of the clear opening not greater than 44 inches (1118 mm) measured from the floor.

    R319.2.4 Emergency escape and rescue openings under decks, porches and cantilevers. Emergency escape and rescue openings installed under decks, porches and cantilevers shall be fully openable and provide a path not less than 36 inches (914 mm) in height and 36 inches (914 mm) in width to a yard or court.

    R319.3 Emergency escape and rescue doors. Where a door is provided as the required emergency escape and rescue opening, it shall be a side-hinged door or a sliding door.

    R319.4 Area wells. An emergency escape and rescue opening where the bottom of the clear opening is below the adjacent grade shall be provided with an area well in accordance with Sections R319.4.1 through R319.4.4.

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    BUILDING PLANNING

    R319.4.1 Minimum size. The horizontal area of the area well shall be not less than 9 square feet (0.9 m [2] ), with a horizontal projection and width of not less than 36 inches (914 mm). The size of the area well shall allow the emergency escape and rescue opening to be fully opened.

    Exception: The ladder or steps required by Section R319.4.2 shall be permitted to encroach not more than 6 inches (152 mm) into the required dimensions of the area well.

    R319.4.2 Ladder and steps. Area wells with a vertical depth greater than 44 inches (1118 mm) shall be equipped with an approved, permanently affixed ladder or steps. The ladder or steps shall not be obstructed by the emergency escape and rescue opening where the window or door is in the open position. Ladders or steps required by this section shall not be required to comply with Section R318.7.

  • CRSC § 4.2.2 High relevance — show source text

    R319.4.2.2 Steps. Steps shall have an inside width of not less than 12 inches (305 mm), a minimum tread depth of 5 inches (127 mm) and a maximum riser height of 18 inches (457 mm) for the full height of the area well.

    R319.4.3 Drainage. Area wells shall be designed for proper drainage by connecting to the building’s foundation drainage system required by Section R405.1.

    Exception: A drainage system for area wells is not required where the foundation is on well-drained soil or sand-gravel mixture soils in accordance with the United Soil Classification System, Group I Soils, as detailed in Table R401.4.1(2).

    R319.4.4 Bars, grilles, covers and screens. Where bars, grilles, covers, screens or similar devices are placed over emergency escape and rescue openings, bulkhead enclosures or area wells that serve such openings, the minimum net clear opening size shall comply with Sections R319.2 through R319.2.2 and R319.4.1. Such devices shall be releasable or removable from the inside without the use of a key or tool or force greater than that required for the normal operation of the escape and rescue opening. The release mechanism shall be maintained operable at all times.

    Such bars, grills, grates or any similar devices shall be equipped with an approved exterior release device for use by the fire department only when required by the authority having jurisdiction.

    Where security bars (burglar bars) are installed on emergency egress and rescue windows or doors, on or after July 1, 2000, such devices shall comply with California Building Standards Code, Part 12, Chapter 12-3 and other applicable provisions of this code.

    R319.5 Replacement windows for emergency escape and rescue openings. Replacement for emergency escape and rescue openings installed in buildings meeting the scope of this code shall be exempt from Sections R319.2 and R319.4.4, provided that the replacement window meets the following conditions:

    1. The replacement window is the manufacturer’s largest standard size window that will fit within the existing frame or existing rough opening. The replacement window shall be permitted to be of the same operating style as the existing window or a style that provides for an equal or greater window opening area than the existing window.
    2. The replacement window is not part of a change of occupancy.

    R319.5.1 Window opening control device and fall protection device height. Window opening control devices or fall protection devices shall be located at a height in accordance with Section R319.1.1 or at as low a height as the device can be installed within the existing clear opening.

    R319.6 Dwelling additions. Where dwelling unit additions contain sleeping rooms, an emergency escape and rescue opening shall be provided in each new sleeping room. Where dwelling unit additions have basements, an emergency escape and rescue opening shall be provided in the new basement.

    Exceptions:

    1. An emergency escape and rescue opening is not required in a new basement that contains a sleeping room with an emergency escape and rescue opening.
    2. An emergency escape and rescue opening is not required in a new basement where there is an emergency escape and rescue opening in an existing basement that is accessed from the new basement.
    3. An operable window complying with Section R319.7.1 shall be acceptable as an emergency escape and rescue opening.
  • CRSC § 18.6 High relevance — show source text

    R319.1 Emergency escape and rescue opening required. Basements, habitable attics, the room to which a sleeping loft is open, and every sleeping room shall have not less than one operable emergency escape and rescue opening. Where basements contain one or more sleeping rooms, an emergency escape and rescue opening shall be required in each sleeping room. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall open directly into a public way, or to a yard or court that opens to a public way.

    Exceptions [SFM]: 1. Basements with a ceiling height of less than 80 inches (2032 mm) shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings. 2. Emergency escape and rescue openings are not required from basements or sleeping rooms that have an exit door or exit access door that opens directly into a public way or to a yard, court or exterior egress balcony that opens to a public way. 3. Basements without habitable spaces and having not more than 200 square feet (18.6 m [2] ) in floor area shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings. 4. Storm shelters are not required to comply with this section where the shelter is constructed in accordance with ICC 500. 5. Where the dwelling unit or townhouse unit is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section R309, sleeping rooms in basements shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings provided that the basement has one of the following: 5.1. One means of egress complying with Section R318 and one emergency escape and rescue opening. 5.2. Two means of egress complying with Section R318.

    R319.1.1 Operational constraints and opening control devices. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall be maintained free of any obstructions other than those allowed by this section and shall be operational from the inside of the room without the use of keys, tools or special knowledge. Window opening control devices and fall prevention devices complying with ASTM F2090 shall be permitted for use on windows serving as a required emergency escape and rescue opening and shall be not more than 70 inches (178 cm) above the finished floor. The release mechanism shall be maintained operable at all times.

    Such bars, grills, grates or any similar devices shall be equipped with an approved exterior release device for use by the fire department only when required by the authority having jurisdiction.

    Where security bars (burglar bars) are installed on emergency egress and rescue windows or doors, on or after July 1, 2000, such devices shall comply with California Building Standards Code, Part 12, Chapter 12-3 and other applicable provisions of this code.

    R319.2 Emergency escape and rescue openings. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall have minimum dimensions in accordance with Sections R319.2.1 through R319.2.4.

    R319.2.1 Minimum size. Emergency escape and rescue openings shall have a net clear opening of not less than 5.7 square feet (0.530 m [2] ).

    Exception: The minimum net clear opening for grade-floor emergency escape and rescue openings shall be 5 square feet (0.465 m [2] ).

    R319.2.2 Minimum dimensions. The minimum net clear opening height dimension shall be 24 inches (610 mm). The minimum net clear opening width dimension shall be 20 inches (508 mm). The net clear opening dimensions shall be the result of normal operation of the opening.

  • CRSC § 18.6 High relevance — show source text

    way. 5. Basements without habitable spaces and having not more than 200 square feet (18.6 m [2] ) in floor area shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings. 6. Storm shelters are not required to comply with this section where the shelter is constructed in accordance with ICC 500. 7. Within individual dwelling and sleeping units in Groups R-2 and R-3, where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, 903.3.1.2 or 903.3.1.3, sleeping rooms in basements shall not be required to have emergency escape and rescue openings provided that the basement has one of the following: 7.1. One means of egress and one emergency escape and rescue opening. 7.2. Two means of egress. 8. In Group R-2.2 occupancies a certified fire escape is acceptable as a secondary means of egress of existing buildings for this section of the code.

    [BE] 1031.2.1 Operational constraints and opening control devices. Emergency escape and rescue openings and any exit doors shall be maintained free of any obstructions other than those allowed by this section and shall be operational from inside the room without the use of keys or tools. Window-opening control devices complying with ASTM F2090 shall be permitted for use on windows serving as a required emergency escape and rescue opening. The release mechanism shall be maintained operable at all times.

    Such bars, grills, grates or any similar devices shall be equipped with an approved exterior release device for use by the fire department only when required by the authority having jurisdiction.

    Where security bars (burglar bars) are installed on emergency egress and rescue windows or doors, on or after July 1, 2000, such devices shall comply with California Building Standards Code, Part 12, Chapter 12-3 and other applicable provisions of Part 2.

    Exception: Group R-1 occupancies provided with a monitored fire sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.8 and designed in accordance with NFPA 13 may have openable windows permanently restricted to a maximum 4-inch (102 mm) open position.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §4.2] Labeling.

    Burglar bars shall not be sold in California at wholesale or retail unless warning information as specified in California Code of Regula- tions, Title 19, Division 1, Section 4.3 is provided either on the packaging or provided inside the packaging along with the burglar bars.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §4.3(a) through (c)] Warning Information.

    (a) Warning information located on or in burglar bar packaging shall contain the following information: (1) Warning that the burglar bars are intended to deter or delay intruders, they are not intended to prevent entry. (2) A reprint of the following requirements from California Building Code, Part 2, Chapter 10: “Bars, grilles, grates or similar devices may be installed on emergency escape or rescue windows, doors or window wells or any required exit door, provided: 1. The devices are equipped with approved release mechanisms which are openable from the inside without the use of a key or special knowledge or effort; and 2. The building is equipped with smoke alarms installed in accordance with California Building Code, Part 2, Section 907.

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 12-3-2—GENERAL

    12-3-2.1 Components.

    12-3-2.1.1 Except as indicated in Section 12-3-2.1.2, a component of a product covered shall comply with the requirements for that component.

    12-3-2.1.2 A component need not comply with a specific requirement that: (a) Involves a feature or characteristic not needed in the application of the component in the product covered by these requirements, or (b) Is superseded by these requirements.

    12-3-2.1.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its recognized rating established for the intended conditions of use.

    12-3-2.1.4 Specific components are recognized as being incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specific limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions for which they have been recognized.

    12-3-2.2 Units of measurement.

    12-3-2.2.1 When a value for measurement is followed by a value in other units in parentheses, the first stated value is the requirement.

    12-3-2.3 Installation instructions.

    12-3-2.3.1 A copy of the operating and installation instructions or equivalent information is to be furnished with the samples submitted for investigation for use as a guide in the examination and test of the mechanism. For this purpose, a printed edition is not required.

    12-3-2.4 Definitions.

    12-3-2.4.1 Dwelling unit. A single unit, providing complete, independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.

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    RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    12-3-2.4.2 Escape. For the purposes of these requirements, escape refers to movement of occupants from the interior of a residential dwelling unit to a safe point outside of the dwelling unit during an emergency fire condition.

    12-3-2.4.3 Emergency means of escape. A passage independent of and remote from the primary means of escape that provides a means of travel from living and sleeping spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside.

    12-3-2.4.4 Means of escape. A concept included in building codes that, in most cases, requires sleeping rooms and living areas in dwelling units to be provided with at least one primary means of escape and one secondary means of escape to the outside.

    12-3-2.4.5 Primary means of escape. A door, stairway or ramp providing a means of unobstructed travel from living spaces inside a dwelling unit to the outside at street or ground level.

    12-3-2.4.6 Security bars. For the purposes of these requirements, the term “security bars” includes “burglar bars” and refers to metal and other bars, grilles, grates and other barriers that are designed to provide security for doors and windows in dwelling units. The purpose of security bars, by their mere presence on a building, is to deter a potential forced entry into the dwelling.

    CONSTRUCTION

    SECTION 12-3-3—ASSEMBLY

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

    Exception: The security bars shall be allowed to be provided separately if the instruction manual complies with Section 12-3-13.2.

    12-3-3.2 The system shall be of a type capable of being readily maintained in proper operating condition.

    12-3-3.3 The system shall be designed to immediately unlatch the security bars when actuated. It shall be able to be operated from the inside of a building by the occupants without the use of tools, keys, or special knowledge or effort.

    12-3-3.4 The manual actuator used to release the security bars shall be designed to be mounted inside the dwelling unit for operation by the occupants. Covers or other barriers that can obstruct access to actuators shall not be provided if they inhibit the proper operation of the system.

    12-3-3.5 The release mechanism shall not depend on springs to release the latch, although springs are allowed to be provided to assist in the operation.

    12-3-3.6 The system shall be designed to prevent it from being locked in a closed position with a pad lock or similar device.

    12-3-3.7 Systems provided with an automatic actuating mechanism shall also include a manual release system that complies with these requirements. The automatic actuation portion of the system, even in the event of its failure, shall not inhibit operation of the manual releasing system.

    12-3-3.8 Manual actuation of the system shall release the security bars quickly and with simple, easily understood and intuitive motions. The system shall be capable of being operated in all lighting conditions.

    12-3-3.9 Manual actuation of the system shall not require two different forces to be applied at the same time, such as applying force to the actuator while also pushing on the bars. 12-3-3.10 When fully opened, the assembly shall provide a minimum clear opening of not less than 5.7 square feet (0.53 m [2] ) with the width not less than 20 inches (508 mm) and the height not less than 24 inches (610 mm), measured parallel to the plane of the opening.

    12-3-3.11 Security bars shall be constructed so that they do not swing up to open. They shall not include projections that can easily snag the clothing of those escaping through the opening.

    12-3-3.12 Security bars shall have been constructed such that a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter shall not pass through any opening and shall not create other potential head entrapment hazards.

    SECTION 12-3-4—MATERIALS

    12-3-4.1 The materials employed shall have adequate mechanical strength to perform their expected function.

    12-3-4.2 O-rings, gaskets and seals shall comply with UL Standard 157, 1996 Edition. Polymeric materials shall comply with UL Standard 746C, 1995 Edition, Section 25-27.

    Exception: O-rings, gaskets, seals and polymeric materials that are used as decorative parts, or whose failure will not affect the ability of the system to comply with these requirements.

    12-3-4.3 Components constructed of dissimilar metals shall not be used in applications where contact between them is likely to cause galvanic corrosion. The materials employed shall reduce the likelihood of the release mechanism becoming inoperative due to corrosion.

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

    12-3-3.11 Security bars shall be constructed so that they do not swing up to open. They shall not include projections that can easily snag the clothing of those escaping through the opening.

    12-3-3.12 Security bars shall have been constructed such that a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter shall not pass through any opening and shall not create other potential head entrapment hazards.

    SECTION 12-3-4—MATERIALS

    12-3-4.1 The materials employed shall have adequate mechanical strength to perform their expected function.

    12-3-4.2 O-rings, gaskets and seals shall comply with UL Standard 157, 1996 Edition. Polymeric materials shall comply with UL Standard 746C, 1995 Edition, Section 25-27.

    Exception: O-rings, gaskets, seals and polymeric materials that are used as decorative parts, or whose failure will not affect the ability of the system to comply with these requirements.

    12-3-4.3 Components constructed of dissimilar metals shall not be used in applications where contact between them is likely to cause galvanic corrosion. The materials employed shall reduce the likelihood of the release mechanism becoming inoperative due to corrosion.

    12-3-4.4 Ferrous metal parts shall be 300 series stainless steel or protected against corrosion using minimum G60 or A60 hot-dipped mil galvanization, 0.0104 mm thick zinc coating, 0.0127 mm thick cadmium coating or two coats of organic outdoor paint.

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    RELEASING SYSTEMS FOR SECURITY BARS IN DWELLINGS

    12-3-4.5 Manual actuators.

    12-3-4.5.1 Security bar releasing assembly mechanisms shall include a manual actuation mechanism that is capable of unlatching the security bars so that they can be opened by the occupants. The actuating force shall be applied in one of the following

    manners:

    Finger actuated: Pushing with the index finger or pulling a loop with the index finger in a curled position.

    Hand actuated: Pulling, pushing, twisting, rotating or turning a lever, knob, handle, rod or similar actuator with the hand or multiple fingers.

    Foot actuated: Kicking, depressing or stepping on an actuating pedal, lever, stirrup or similar actuator.

    12-3-4.5.2 On foot-actuated systems, only a single foot motion shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch. On finger- and hand-actuated systems, one or two distinct hand or finger motions shall be used to disengage the bar assembly from the latch.

    12-3-4.5.3 Releasing the actuator after the latch has been disengaged from the bar assembly shall not reengage the bar assembly.

    12-3-4.5.4 No features or methods shall be provided or referenced in the instruction manual to inhibit the operation of the releasing mechanism.

    12-3-4.6 Cables and connectors.

    12-3-4.6.1 Cables connecting actuators to latches and release mechanisms shall only be used in applications where the force transmitted by them during normal operation is less than [ 1] / 10 the manufacturer’s rated working tension or compression.

  • CRSC § 12-3 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 12-3-11—ABUSE TEST

    12-3-11.1 A sample shall comply with the Manual Actuation Test requirements in Sections 12-3-8.2 and 12-3-8.3 after being subjected to the simulated abuse provided in Section 12-3-11.2.

    12-3-11.2 The sample shall be subject to six impacts of 5 feet-pounds (6.8 N · m) each applied with a 2-inch diameter (51 mm) steel ball on portions of the release system that are most likely to adversely affect the operation of the system.

    MARKINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS

    SECTION 12-3-12—MARKINGS

    12-3-12.1 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be permanently marked with the company name, model number and date of manufacture. When a manufacturer produces assemblies at more than one factory, each such assembly shall have a distinctive marking to identify it as the product of a particular factory.

    12-3-12.2 Symbols or diagrams shall be marked on the manual actuator to identify how to manually release the security bars. The diagram or symbols shall be readily visible to occupants when the assembly is mounted as intended.

    12-3-12.3 Security bars and the latching mechanism shall be marked with the name or logo of the testing agency certifying to compliance of the products with this standard, and identification of the standard as SFM SB-2000.

    12-3-12.4 Adhesive-backed labels used to provide required markings shall be suitable for the application and shall comply with UL Standard 969, 1995 Edition.

    SECTION 12-3-13—INSTRUCTION MANUAL

    12-3-13.1 Installation and operating instructions shall be provided with each system. Installation instructions shall describe how to install and initially test the system, and provide periodic testing and maintenance. Operating instructions shall be provided that include diagrams, drawing and symbols describing how to operate the system and escape in the event of a fire or other emergency.

    12-3-13.2 When the releasing mechanism assembly is provided separately from the security bar assembly in accordance with Section 12-3-3.1, the instruction manual shall describe the compatible security bars that have been investigated and found suitable for use with the releasing assembly. Security bars shall be identified by the manufacturer’s name and model number and maximum dimensions.

    12-3-13.3 The installation instructions shall include directions on mounting the actuator inside the room at a height not exceeding 48 inches (1.2 m) from the finished floor.

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    12-4A LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS STANDARDS

    STANDARD 12-4A-1

    DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES

    Authority: Sections 102, 208 and 25811.

    Reference: Sections 102, 208 and 436.5.

    LABORATORY ANIMAL QUARTERS

    Sec. 12-4A-101. Laboratory animal quarters shall comply with Chapter IV, “Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals,” U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Publication Number 85-23, Revised 1985.

Frequently asked questions

Can the interior release be a remote cable or does it have to be mounted at the opening?

The code requires a manual actuator mounted inside the dwelling for occupant operation; cables are permitted but must transmit only low forces and be installed per the manufacturer’s guidance — and the actuator must still be readily accessible (§ 12-3-3.4; § 12-3-4.6.1) file.

Are listed devices mandatory?

Listed releasing assemblies must be plainly marked with the listee’s name/model; unlisted devices must carry an approved identification label as allowed by the State Fire Marshal (§ 12-10-306) .

What if an automatic release is provided (electronic/monitored)?

Automatic systems are allowed only if a manual release that meets these requirements is also provided and automatic failure cannot inhibit manual operation (§ 12-3-3.7) .

Do these requirements change the minimum window size for egress?

No — the releasing assembly, when opened, must provide at least the minimum net clear opening required for emergency escape (5.7 sq ft, width ≥ 20 in, height ≥ 24 in) (§ 12-3-3.10) .

Is exterior fire‑department release always required?

No — exterior release devices for fire department use are required only when the authority having jurisdiction mandates them (building/fire code cross‑references note this) (§ R319.4.4 and related code text) file.

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