CFC · California Fire Code

Are there special heat‑release or testing limits for foam plastics, signage, stage settings and exhibit booths?

The California Fire Code limits heat release for foam plastics and similar decorative materials: exhibit booths and many stage settings must test at or below **100 kW**, and foam plastic signs not affixed to interior surfaces must test at or below **150 kW**, using **UL 1975** or **NFPA 289 (20‑kW)** test methods; small items and limited aggregate area (under **10%**) have narrow exceptions subject to approval.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2-4 sentences

The California Fire Code limits the allowable heat‑release of decorative foam and related materials used in exhibit booths, signage, and stage settings and specifies accepted test methods. Key limits are a maximum 100 kW for many foam‑plastic exhibit/scene applications and 150 kW for certain decorative objects and foam signs; these requirements are set out in § 807.5.7.1 and § 808.2 respectively. Testing is by UL 1975 or NFPA 289 (20‑kW ignition source) as called out in the code.

The single most important rule: foam used in exhibit booths or stage scenery must meet the heat‑release ceilings (commonly 100 kW), and foam plastic signs not affixed to walls have a separate 150 kW limit — proven by UL 1975 or NFPA 289 using the 20‑kW ignition source.

Requirements in detail

Scope and materials covered

  • Foam plastics (exposed or in assemblies) and materials containing foam plastics used for decorative purposes, stage scenery, exhibit booths, and similar items are regulated for heat release. § 807.5.7.1 addresses these materials for motion‑picture/television production and related facilities; § 808.2 addresses foam plastic signs that are not affixed to interior building surfaces.

Test methods accepted

  • Approved test methods: UL 1975 (exhibit booth protocol) or NFPA 289 with the 20‑kW ignition source. The code references those tests as the basis for measuring maximum heat‑release rates.

Numeric limits and decision‑relevant values

Item / situation Maximum heat‑release (peak) Test method(s) accepted Code Reference
Exhibit booth construction; stage settings / simulated caves 100 kW UL 1975 or NFPA 289 (20‑kW) § 807.5.7.1
Foam plastic signs not affixed to interior surfaces 150 kW UL 1975 or NFPA 289 (20‑kW) § 808.2
Decorative objects (mannequins, murals, signs) — general 150 kW UL 1975 § 807.5.7.1 (decorative objects)
Small individual foam items (weight threshold) — exemption ≤ 1 pound foam (per item) — exempt from the 100 kW exhibit/stage rule See § 807.5.1.1 exceptions § 807.5.1.1
Area‑based administrative exception Aggregate decorative/sign area < 10% of room floor or wall area — may be waived by fire code official Administrative (fire chief) exception § 808.2 exception; § 807.5.1.2 exception language also used for murals/signs

How to apply the tests

  • Use the specimen sizes and protocols required by the referenced test standard (UL 1975 exhibit‑booth protocol; NFPA 289 with the 20‑kW ignition). The CFC relies on the published test procedures (not alternate lab methods) referenced in the sections above.

Exceptions & special cases

  • Small foam items: Individual foam items where the foam content is 1 pound (0.45 kg) or less are exempt from the 100 kW rule in some occupancy‑based provisions. § 807.5.1.1 contains that exception.
  • Aggregate‑area exception: Where the aggregate area of murals, signs, or foam plastic signs is less than 10 percent of the floor area or wall area of the space, the heat‑release requirement may be waived by the fire code official — this is stated in § 808.2 (and mirrored for decorative objects in § 807.5.7.1). Approval is discretionary.
  • Different occupancy rules: The Group (A, E, F, I, etc.) and whether the area is a sound stage, production facility, or general exhibit space changes which subsection applies; read § 807.5.x group‑specific text to pick the correct paragraph.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing "affixed" versus "not affixed": § 808.2 applies to foam plastic signs not affixed to interior building surfaces — affixed signs may be regulated elsewhere and could have different construction or encasement rules. Do not apply § 808.2 limits to permanently attached interior signs without checking other sign and finish rules.
  • Using the wrong test protocol or ignition level: NFPA 289 has multiple ignition levels; the CFC specifically references the 20‑kW ignition source for these provisions. Using a different ignition level invalidates direct compliance with the cited section.
  • Ignoring the 10% aggregate‑area exception procedure: assuming an item is automatically exempt because it’s small — in many cases the waiver requires approval by the fire code official. Always document area calculations and obtain written approval.
  • Forgetting occupancy‑specific exceptions: some occupancy sections (e.g., other parts of § 807.5) include separate allowances (trim, small items, sprinklered areas) — check the exact occupancy subsection.

Worked example — concrete scenario with numbers

Scenario: A temporary exhibit booth in a sound stage will use foam‑core scenic panels and two foam plastic hanging signs. The room (space) is 2,000 sq ft floor area; the two hanging foam signs are each 40 sq ft (total 80 sq ft). The exhibit‑assembly manufacturer submits a UL 1975 test report for the booth assembly showing a peak heat‑release = 95 kW, and a separate UL 1975 report for the foam signs showing peak heat‑release = 140 kW each.

Apply the code:

  1. Exhibit booth assembly: 95 kW ≤ 100 kW limit for exhibit booth/stage assemblies under § 807.5.7.1 — the booth assembly would meet the heat‑release requirement.
  2. Foam signs (not affixed): each sign at 140 kW ≤ 150 kW meets the § 808.2 limit for un‑affixed foam plastic signs, so the signs comply on heat‑release.
  3. Aggregate‑area check (administrative): total sign area = 80 sq ft; room floor area = 2,000 sq ft; 10% of floor area = 200 sq ft. Because 80 sq ft < 200 sq ft (10%), the area exception could be available — but since both signs already meet the 150 kW limit, a waiver is not required. If either sign had exceeded 150 kW, the 10% aggregate exception would still require approval from the fire code official to be relied upon.

Related provisions

  • § 807.5.1.1 — Foam plastics used for decorative purposes/stage scenery/exhibit booths (100 kW; small‑item exception).
  • § 807.5.1.2 / § 807.5.1.2.2 — Motion picture screens and production studio specifics (references for stage materials).
  • § 803.1.1.1 — NFPA 286 acceptance criteria (peak heat release and smoke limits for interior finishes) — related test acceptance language the authorities use.
  • § 2603 (California Building Code) — general foam‑plastic interior requirements and references to large‑scale special approvals (NFPA 286, FM 4880, etc.).
  • § 4804.8 — Sound stage operational note: all foam plastics must meet Chapter 8 requirements (cross‑reference).

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 807.5.1 High relevance — show source text

    807.5.1 Group A. In Group A occupancies, the requirements in Sections 807.5.1.1 through 807.5.1.4 shall apply.

    807.5.1.1 Foam plastics. Exposed foam plastic materials and unprotected materials containing foam plastic used for decorative purposes or stage scenery or exhibit booths shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW when tested in accordance with UL 1975, or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source.

    Exceptions:

    1. Individual foam plastic items or items containing foam plastic where the foam plastic does not exceed 1 pound (0.45 kg) in weight.
    2. Cellular or foam plastic shall be allowed for trim in accordance with Section 804.2.

    807.5.1.2 Motion picture screens. The screens on which motion pictures are projected in new and existing buildings of Group A shall either meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or shall comply with the requirements for a Class B interior finish in accordance with Section 803 of the California Building Code.

    807.5.1.2.1 Motion picture and television production studio sound stages. Approved production facilities and production locations with live audiences .

    807.5.1.2.2 Foam plastics, decorations, textile and film materials. Foam plastics, textile and film materials and other deco- rative materials and materials containing foam plastics shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Exhibit booth construction shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with

    UL 1975.

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    2. Decorative objects, including but not limited to mannequins, murals and signs, shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 150 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

    Exception: When the aggregate area of murals, signs or similar decorative objects occupies less than 10 percent of the floor or wall area, this requirement may be waived by the fire chief. 3. Theater, motion picture and television stage settings with or without horizontal projections and simulated caves or caverns shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

    807.5.1.3 Wood use in places of religious worship. In places of religious worship, wood used for ornamental purposes, trusses, paneling or chancel furnishing shall not be limited.

    807.5.1.4 Pyroxylin plastic. Imitation leather or other material consisting of or coated with a pyroxylin or similarly hazardous base shall not be used.

    807.5.2 Group E. Group E occupancies shall comply with Sections 807.5.2.1 through 807.5.2.3.

    807.5.2.1 Storage in corridors and lobbies. Clothing and personal effects shall not be stored in corridors and lobbies.

    Exceptions:

  • CFC § 807.5.5.2 High relevance — show source text

    807.5.5.2 Artwork in corridors. Artwork and teaching materials shall be limited on walls of corridors to not more than 20 percent of the wall area.

    807.5.5.3 Artwork in classrooms. Artwork and teaching materials shall be limited on walls of classrooms to not more than 50 percent of the specific wall area to which they are attached.

    807.5.6 Dormitories in Group R-2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the combustible decorative materials shall be of limited quantities such that a hazard of fire development or spread is not present.

    807.5.7 Group F-1 motion picture and television production studio sound stages, approved production facilities and production locations without live audiences.

    807.5.7.1 Foam plastics, decorations, textile and film materials. Foam plastics, textile and film materials and other decorative materials and materials containing foam plastics shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Exhibit booth construction shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL

    1975.

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    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    2. Decorative objects, including but not limited to mannequins, murals and signs, shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 150 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

    Exception: When the aggregate area of murals, signs or similar decorative objects occupies less than 10 percent of the floor or wall area, this requirement may be waived by the fire chief. 3. Theater, motion picture and television stage settings with or without horizontal projections and simulated caves or caverns shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

    SECTION 808—FURNISHINGS OTHER THAN UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE AND

    MATTRESSES OR DECORATIVE MATERIALS IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    808.1 Waste and linen containers in Group I-1, I-2 and I-3 occupancies and ambulatory care facilities. Waste and linen containers located in Group I-2, I-3 and R-2.1 occupancies and ambulatory care facilities shall comply with Section 304.3.6.

    808.2 Signs. Foam plastic signs that are not affixed to interior building surfaces shall have a maximum heat release rate of 150 kW when tested in accordance with UL 1975, or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20-kW ignition source.

    Exception: Where the aggregate area of foam plastic signs is less than 10 percent of the floor area or wall area of the room or space in which the signs are located, whichever is less, subject to the approval of the fire code official.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.19(b) and (c) Housekeeping.

  • CFC § 4-6 High relevance — show source text

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    1.2. Foam plastics having a maximum heat release rate not greater than 100 kW (105 Btu/h) when tested in accordance with the exhibit booth protocol in UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source. 1.3. Aluminum composite material (ACM) meeting the requirements of Class A interior finish in accordance with Chapter 8 when tested as an assembly in the maximum thickness intended. 2. Kiosks or similar structures located within the mall shall be provided with approved automatic sprinkler system and detection devices.

    1. The horizontal separation between kiosks or groupings thereof and other structures within the mall shall be not less than 20 feet (6096 mm).
    2. Each kiosk or similar structure or groupings thereof shall have an area not greater than 300 square feet (28 m [2] ).

    402.6.3 Play structures. Play structures located within a mall building or within the perimeter line of an open mall building shall comply with Section 424. The horizontal separation between play structures, kiosks and similar structures within the mall shall be not less than 20 feet (6096 mm).

    402.6.4 Plastic signs. Plastic signs affixed to the storefront of any tenant space facing a mall or open mall shall be limited as specified in Sections 402.6.4.1 through 402.6.4.5.

    402.6.4.1 Area. Plastic signs shall be not more than 20 percent of the wall area facing the mall.

    402.6.4.2 Height and width. Plastic signs shall be not greater than 36 inches (914 mm) in height, except that where the sign is vertical, the height shall be not greater than 96 inches (2438 mm) and the width shall be not greater than 36 inches (914 mm).

    402.6.4.3 Location. Plastic signs shall be located not less than 18 inches (457 mm) from adjacent tenants.

    402.6.4.4 Plastics other than foam plastics. Plastics other than foam plastics used in signs shall be light-transmitting plastics complying with Section 2606.4 or shall have a self-ignition temperature of 650°F (343°C) or greater when tested in accordance with ASTM D1929, and a flame spread index not greater than 75 and smoke-developed index not greater than 450 when tested in the manner intended for use in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 or meet the acceptance criteria of Section 803.1.1.1 when tested in accordance with NFPA 286.

    402.6.4.4.1 Encasement. Edges and backs of plastic signs in the mall shall be fully encased in metal.

    402.6.4.5 Foam plastics. Foam plastics used in signs shall have flame-retardant characteristics such that the sign has a maximum heat-release rate of 150 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source, and the foam plastics shall have the physical characteristics specified in this section. Foam plastics used in signs installed in accordance with Section 402.6.4 shall not be required to comply with the flame spread and smoke-developed indices specified in Section 2603.3.

  • CFC § 423.5.2 High relevance — show source text
    1. Where a new building is being added on an existing Group E site, and where the new building is not of sufficient size to accommodate the required design occupant capacity of the storm shelter for all of the buildings on the site, the storm shelter shall accommodate not less than the required occupant capacity for the new building.
    2. Where approved by the building official, the required design occupant capacity of the shelter shall be permitted to be reduced by the design occupant capacity of any existing storm shelters on the site.

    423.5.2 Location. Storm shelters shall be located within the buildings they serve or shall be located where the distance of travel from not fewer than one exterior door of each building to a door of the shelter serving that building does not exceed 1,000 feet (305 m).

    SECTION 424—PLAY STRUCTURES

    [BF] 424.1 General. Play structures installed inside all occupancies covered by this code that exceed 10 feet (3048 mm) in height or 150 square feet (14 m [2] ) in area shall comply with Sections 424.2 through 424.5.

    [BF] 424.2 Materials. Play structures shall be constructed of noncombustible materials or of combustible materials that comply with the following:

    1. Fire-retardant-treated wood complying with Section 2303.2.

    2. Light-transmitting plastics complying with Section 2606.

    3. Foam plastics (including the pipe foam used in soft-contained play equipment structures) having a maximum heat-release rate not greater than 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source.

    4. Aluminum composite material (ACM) meeting the requirements of Class A interior finish in accordance with Chapter 8 when tested as an assembly in the maximum thickness intended for use.

    5. Textiles and films complying with the fire propagation performance criteria contained in Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701.

    6. Plastic materials used to construct rigid components of soft-contained play equipment structures (such as tubes, windows, panels, junction boxes, pipes, slides and decks) exhibiting a peak rate of heat release not exceeding 400 kW/ m [2] when tested in accordance with ASTM E1354 at an incident heat flux of 50 kW/m [2] in the horizontal orientation at a thickness of 6 mm.

    7. Ball pool balls, used in soft-contained play equipment structures, having a maximum heat-release rate not greater than 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source. The minimum specimen test size shall be 36 inches by 36 inches (914 mm by 914 mm) by an average of 21 inches (533 mm) deep, and the balls shall be held in a box constructed of galvanized steel poultry netting wire mesh.

    8. Foam plastics shall be covered by a fabric, coating or film meeting the fire propagation performance criteria contained in Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701.

    9. The floor covering placed under the play structure shall exhibit a Class I interior floor finish classification, as described in Section 804, when tested in accordance with ASTM E648 or NFPA 253.

  • CFC § 807.4 High relevance — show source text

    807.4 Artificial decorative vegetation. Artificial decorative vegetation shall comply with this section and the requirements of Sections 806.2 and 806.3. Natural decorative vegetation shall comply with Section 806.

    Exception: Testing of artificial vegetation is not required in Group I-1; Group I-2, Condition 1; Group R-2; Group R-3; or Group R-4 occupancies equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1, where such artificial vegetation complies with the following:

    1. Wreaths and other decorative items on doors shall not obstruct the door operation and shall not exceed 50 percent of the surface area of the door.

    2. Decorative artificial vegetation shall be limited to not more than 30 percent of the wall area to which it is attached.

    3. Decorative artificial vegetation not on doors or walls shall not exceed 3 feet (914 mm) in any dimension.

    807.4.1 Flammability. Artificial decorative vegetation shall meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701. Meeting such criteria shall be documented and certified by the manufacturer in an approved manner. Alternatively, the artificial decorative vegetation shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source, and shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW.

    807.4.2 Electrical fixtures and wiring on artificial vegetation. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on artificial decorative vegetation shall be prohibited. The use of electrical wiring and lighting on artificial trees constructed entirely of metal shall be prohibited.

    807.5 Occupancy-based requirements. Occupancies shall comply with Sections 807.5.1 through 807.5.6.

    807.5.1 Group A. In Group A occupancies, the requirements in Sections 807.5.1.1 through 807.5.1.4 shall apply.

    807.5.1.1 Foam plastics. Exposed foam plastic materials and unprotected materials containing foam plastic used for decorative purposes or stage scenery or exhibit booths shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW when tested in accordance with UL 1975, or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source.

    Exceptions:

    1. Individual foam plastic items or items containing foam plastic where the foam plastic does not exceed 1 pound (0.45 kg) in weight.
    2. Cellular or foam plastic shall be allowed for trim in accordance with Section 804.2.

    807.5.1.2 Motion picture screens. The screens on which motion pictures are projected in new and existing buildings of Group A shall either meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or shall comply with the requirements for a Class B interior finish in accordance with Section 803 of the California Building Code.

    807.5.1.2.1 Motion picture and television production studio sound stages. Approved production facilities and production locations with live audiences .

    807.5.1.2.2 Foam plastics, decorations, textile and film materials. Foam plastics, textile and film materials and other deco- rative materials and materials containing foam plastics shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Exhibit booth construction shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with

    UL 1975.

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  • CFC § 803.13 High relevance — show source text

    1. Aluminum composite material (ACM) meeting the requirements of Class A interior finish in accordance with Chapter 8 when tested as an assembly in the maximum thickness intended for use.

    2. Textiles and films complying with the fire propagation performance criteria contained in Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701.

    3. Plastic materials used to construct rigid components of soft-contained play equipment structures (such as tubes, windows, panels, junction boxes, pipes, slides and decks) exhibiting a peak rate of heat release not exceeding 400 kW/ m [2] when tested in accordance with ASTM E1354 at an incident heat flux of 50 kW/m [2] in the horizontal orientation at a thickness of 6 mm.

    4. Ball pool balls, used in soft-contained play equipment structures, having a maximum heat-release rate not greater than 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source. The minimum specimen test size shall be 36 inches by 36 inches (914 mm by 914 mm) by an average of 21 inches (533 mm) deep, and the balls shall be held in a box constructed of galvanized steel poultry netting wire mesh.

    5. Foam plastics shall be covered by a fabric, coating or film meeting the fire propagation performance criteria contained in Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701.

    6. The floor covering placed under the play structure shall exhibit a Class I interior floor finish classification, as described in Section 804, when tested in accordance with ASTM E648 or NFPA 253.

    7. Interior finishes for structures exceeding 600 square feet (56 m [2] ) in area or 10 feet (3048 mm) in height shall have a flame spread index not greater than that specified in Table 803.13 for the occupancy group and location designated. Interior wall and ceiling finish materials tested in accordance with NFPA 286 and meeting the acceptance criteria of Section 803.1.1.1, shall be permitted to be used where a Class A classification in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 is required.

    [F] 424.3 Fire protection. Play structures shall be provided with the same level of approved fire suppression and detection devices required for other structures in the same occupancy.

    [BF] 424.4 Separation. Play structures shall have a horizontal separation from building walls, partitions and from elements of the means of egress of not less than 5 feet (1524 mm). Play structures shall have a horizontal separation from other play structures of not less than 20 feet (6090 mm).

    [BF] 424.5 Area limits. Play structures shall be not greater than 600 square feet (56 m [2] ) in area, unless a special investigation, acceptable to the building official, has demonstrated adequate fire safety.

    [BF] 424.5.1 Design. Play structures exceeding 600 square feet (56 m [2] ) in area or 10 feet (3048 mm) in height shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 16.

    SECTION 425—HYPERBARIC FACILITIES

    425.1 Hyperbaric facilities. Hyperbaric facilities shall meet the requirements contained in Chapter 14 of NFPA 99.

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  • CFC § 808.1 High relevance — show source text

    Exception: When the aggregate area of murals, signs or similar decorative objects occupies less than 10 percent of the floor or wall area, this requirement may be waived by the fire chief. 3. Theater, motion picture and television stage settings with or without horizontal projections and simulated caves or caverns shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

    SECTION 808—FURNISHINGS OTHER THAN UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE AND

    MATTRESSES OR DECORATIVE MATERIALS IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    808.1 Waste and linen containers in Group I-1, I-2 and I-3 occupancies and ambulatory care facilities. Waste and linen containers located in Group I-2, I-3 and R-2.1 occupancies and ambulatory care facilities shall comply with Section 304.3.6.

    808.2 Signs. Foam plastic signs that are not affixed to interior building surfaces shall have a maximum heat release rate of 150 kW when tested in accordance with UL 1975, or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20-kW ignition source.

    Exception: Where the aggregate area of foam plastic signs is less than 10 percent of the floor area or wall area of the room or space in which the signs are located, whichever is less, subject to the approval of the fire code official.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.19(b) and (c) Housekeeping.

    Every building or portion of a building governed by California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1 regulations shall be maintained in a neat orderly manner, free from any condition that would create a fire or life hazard or a condition which would add to or contribute to the rapid spread of fire. Provisions shall be made for the proper storage and disposal of waste materials and rubbish consistent with the following:

    (b) All combustible waste material and rubbish shall be stored in approved containers or shall be stored in a manner approved by the enforcing agency as being consistent with standard fire prevention practices until such waste material and rubbish is removed from the premises or otherwise disposed of in a proper manner. (1) Containers with a capacity exceeding 5.33 cubic feet (40 gallons) (0.15 m [3] ) shall comply with the provisions of California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 9, Section 304.3.

    (2) Wastebaskets and linen containers in Group I-2 and I-3 occupancies shall comply with the provisions of California Code of Regu- lations, Title 24, Part 9, Section 808.

    (c) Approved self-closing metal containers or listed disposal containers by an approved testing or listing agency shall be provided and maintained in all rooms or locations where oily rags, oily waste, paint rags or similar materials subject to spontaneous ignition are used, or are stored temporarily. Such containers shall be emptied daily.

    808.3 Combustible lockers. Where lockers constructed of combustible materials are used, the lockers shall be considered to be interior finish and shall comply with Section 803.

    Exception: Lockers constructed entirely of wood and noncombustible materials shall be permitted to be used wherever interior finish materials are required to meet a Class C classification in accordance with Section 803.1.2.

  • CFC § 807.5.3.3 High relevance — show source text

    807.5.3.3 In Group s I-2 and R-2.1 . In Group I-2 and R-2.1 occupancies, equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, combustible decorative materials placed on walls shall be limited to not more than 30 percent of the wall area to which they are attached.

    807.5.3.4 Other areas in Groups I-2 and R-2.1 . In Group I-2 and R-2.1 occupancies, in areas not equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system, combustible decorative materials shall be of such limited quantities that a hazard of fire development or spread is not present.

    807.5.4 Group I-3. In Group I-3, combustible decorative materials are prohibited.

    807.5.5 Group I-4. Group I-4 occupancies shall comply with the requirements in Sections 807.5.5.1 through 807.5.5.3.

    807.5.5.1 Storage in corridors and lobbies. Clothing and personal effects shall not be stored in corridors and lobbies.

    Exceptions:

    1. Corridors protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    2. Corridors protected by an approved fire alarm system installed in accordance with Section 907.
    3. Storage in metal lockers, provided that the minimum required egress width is maintained.

    807.5.5.2 Artwork in corridors. Artwork and teaching materials shall be limited on walls of corridors to not more than 20 percent of the wall area.

    807.5.5.3 Artwork in classrooms. Artwork and teaching materials shall be limited on walls of classrooms to not more than 50 percent of the specific wall area to which they are attached.

    807.5.6 Dormitories in Group R-2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the combustible decorative materials shall be of limited quantities such that a hazard of fire development or spread is not present.

    807.5.7 Group F-1 motion picture and television production studio sound stages, approved production facilities and production locations without live audiences.

    807.5.7.1 Foam plastics, decorations, textile and film materials. Foam plastics, textile and film materials and other decorative materials and materials containing foam plastics shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Exhibit booth construction shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL

    1975.

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    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    2. Decorative objects, including but not limited to mannequins, murals and signs, shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 150 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975.

  • CFC § 2603.4. High relevance — show source text

    Exceptions:

    1. Foam plastic in plenums used as interior wall or ceiling finish, or interior trim, shall exhibit a flame spread index of 75 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 at the maximum thickness and density intended for use, where it is separated from the airflow in the plenum by a thermal barrier complying with Section 2603.4.
    2. Foam plastic in plenums used as interior wall or ceiling finish, or interior trim, shall exhibit a flame spread index of 75 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 at the maximum thickness and density intended for use, where it is separated from the airflow in the plenum by corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness of not less than 0.0160 inch (0.4 mm).
    3. Foam plastic in plenums used as interior wall or ceiling finish, or interior trim, shall exhibit a flame spread index of 75 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 at the maximum thickness and density intended for use, where it is separated from the airflow in the plenum by not less than a 1-inch (25 mm) thickness of masonry or concrete.

    2603.8 Protection against termites. In areas where the probability of termite infestation is very heavy in accordance with Figure 2603.8, extruded and expanded polystyrene, polyisocyanurate and other foam plastics shall not be installed on the exterior face or under interior or exterior foundation walls or slab foundations located below grade. The clearance between foam plastics installed above grade and exposed earth shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm).

    Exceptions:

    1. Buildings where the structural members of walls, floors, ceilings and roofs are entirely of noncombustible materials or preservative-treated wood.

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    PLASTIC

    1. An approved method of protecting the foam plastic and structure from subterranean termite damage is provided.

    2. On the interior side of basement walls.

    FIGURE 2603.8—TERMITE INFESTATION PROBABILITY MAP

    2603.9 Special approval. Foam plastic shall not be required to comply with the requirements of Section 2603.4 or those of Section 2603.6 where specifically approved based on one of the following large-scale tests:

    1. NFPA 286 using the acceptance criteria of Section 803.1.1.1.

    2. FM 4880.

    3. UL 1040.

    4. UL 1715.

    Such testing shall be performed on the finished manufactured foam plastic assembly in the maximum thickness intended for use. Foam plastics that are used as interior finish on the basis of these tests shall also conform to the flame spread and smoke-developed requirements of Chapter 8. Assemblies tested shall include seams, joints and other typical details used in the installation of the assembly and shall be tested in the manner intended for use.

    [BS] 2603.10 Wind resistance. Foam plastic insulation complying with ASTM C578 and ASTM C1289 and used as exterior wall sheathing on framed wall assemblies shall comply with ANSI/SBCA FS 100 for wind pressure resistance.

    SECTION 2604—INTERIOR FINISH AND TRIM

  • CFC § 4803.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 4803 — REQUIRED PERMITS

    4803.1 Change in use. A permit from the fire code official shall be obtained any time a change in use or occupancy is intended by the owner (e.g., for live audience shows, wrap parties).

    4803.2 Additional permits. A permit shall be required for:

    a) Use of pyrotechnic special effects.

    b) Open flames. c) Flammable or combustible liquids, gases and dust.

    d) Hot work.

    e) Presence of motor vehicles within a building. f) Any additional permits as required by the fire code official.

    4803.3 Live audiences. A permit shall be required for seating arrangements of all live audience stages.

    SECTION 4804 — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    4804.1 Housekeeping. Provisions of this part shall maintain proper housekeeping in accordance with Chapter 3.

    4804.2 Aisles. Perimeter aisles within the sound stage and approved production facility shall be provided. Aisles required by this section shall have a minimum width of 4 feet (1219 mm). See Chapter 10 for maintenance requirements. Aisles required by this section shall have a minimum clear unobstructed height of 7 feet (2134 mm).

    4804.3 Travel distance. The maximum travel distance to any exit within the sound stage and approved production facility shall be 150 feet (45 720 mm).

    4804.4 Exit doors. Exit doors shall be equipped with panic hardware and swing in the direction of exit travel.

    4804.5 Exit signs. Illuminated exit signs shall be installed in accordance with the California Building Code.

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    MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION STUDIO SOUND STAGES, APPROVED PRODUCTION FACILITIES AND PRODUCTION LOCATIONS

    4804.6 Exit illumination. Exit illumination shall be provided in accordance with the California Building Code. In the event of power fail- ure, exit path illumination shall be automatically provided by an approved emergency back-up system.

    4804.7 Exit obstructions. All means of egress shall be maintained in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 10, Section 1005.1.

    4804.8 Foam plastics. All foam plastics shall meet the requirements of Chapter 8, Sections 807.5.1.5 and 807.5.7.

    4804.9 Decorative materials. Drapes, drops, cut greens, etc., shall meet the flame retardant requirements of California Code of Regula- tions, Title 19, Division 1, Chapters 5 and 8, Sections 807.5.1.5 and 807.5.7.

    SECTION 4805 — FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS

    4805.1 Existing sound stages and approved production facilities. All existing sound stages and approved production facilities equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system shall be maintained in accordance with the provisions in Chapter 9.

  • CFC § 402.6.4.3 High relevance — show source text

    402.6.4.3 Location. Plastic signs shall be located not less than 18 inches (457 mm) from adjacent tenants.

    402.6.4.4 Plastics other than foam plastics. Plastics other than foam plastics used in signs shall be light-transmitting plastics complying with Section 2606.4 or shall have a self-ignition temperature of 650°F (343°C) or greater when tested in accordance with ASTM D1929, and a flame spread index not greater than 75 and smoke-developed index not greater than 450 when tested in the manner intended for use in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723 or meet the acceptance criteria of Section 803.1.1.1 when tested in accordance with NFPA 286.

    402.6.4.4.1 Encasement. Edges and backs of plastic signs in the mall shall be fully encased in metal.

    402.6.4.5 Foam plastics. Foam plastics used in signs shall have flame-retardant characteristics such that the sign has a maximum heat-release rate of 150 kilowatts when tested in accordance with UL 1975 or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source, and the foam plastics shall have the physical characteristics specified in this section. Foam plastics used in signs installed in accordance with Section 402.6.4 shall not be required to comply with the flame spread and smoke-developed indices specified in Section 2603.3. 402.6.4.5.1 Density. The density of foam plastics used in signs shall be not less than 20 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) (320 kg/ m [3] ). 402.6.4.5.2 Thickness. The thickness of foam plastic signs shall not be greater than [1] / 2 inch (12.7 mm).

    [F] 402.7 Emergency systems. Covered and open mall buildings, anchor buildings and associated parking garages shall be provided with emergency systems complying with Sections 402.7.1 through 402.7.5.

    [F] 402.7.1 Standpipe system. Covered and open mall buildings shall be equipped throughout with a standpipe system as required by Section 905.3.3.

    [F] 402.7.2 Smoke control. Atriums connecting three or more stories in a covered mall building shall be provided with a smoke control system in accordance with Section 909.

    [F] 402.7.3 Emergency power. Covered mall buildings greater than 50,000 square feet (4645 m [2] ) in area and open mall buildings greater than 50,000 square feet (4645 m [2] ) within the established perimeter line shall be provided with emergency power that is capable of operating the emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 2702.

    [F] 402.7.4 Emergency voice/alarm communication system. Where the total floor area is greater than 50,000 square feet (4645 m [2] ) within either a covered mall building or within the perimeter line of an open mall building, an emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be provided.

    The fire department shall have access to any emergency voice/alarm communication systems serving a mall, required or otherwise. The systems shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

    [F] 402.7.5 Fire department access to equipment. Rooms or areas containing controls for air-conditioning systems or fire protection systems shall be identified for use by the fire department.

  • CFC § 410.2.6 Medium relevance — show source text

    410.2.6 Scenery. Combustible materials used in sets and scenery shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8, in accordance with Section 806 and the California Fire Code . Foam plastics and materials containing foam plastics shall comply with Section 2603 and the California Fire Code. 410.2.7 Stage ventilation. Emergency ventilation shall be provided for stages larger than 1,000 square feet (93 m [2] ) in floor area, or with a stage height greater than 50 feet (15 240 mm). Such ventilation shall comply with Section 410.2.7.1 or 410.2.7.2.

    410.2.7.1 Roof vents. Two or more vents constructed to open automatically by approved heat-activated devices and with an aggregate clear opening area of not less than 5 percent of the area of the stage shall be located near the center and above the highest part of the stage area. Supplemental means shall be provided for manual operation of the ventilator. Curbs shall be provided as required for skylights in Section 2610.2. Vents shall be labeled.

    [F] 410.2.7.2 Smoke control. Smoke control in accordance with Section 909 shall be provided to maintain the smoke layer interface not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) above the highest level of the assembly seating or above the top of the proscenium opening where a proscenium wall is provided in compliance with Section 410.2.4.

    410.3 Platform construction. Permanent platforms shall be constructed of materials as required for the type of construction of the building in which the permanent platform is located. Permanent platforms are permitted to be constructed of fire-retardant-treated wood for Types I, II and IV construction where the platforms are not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above the main floor, and not more than one-third of the room floor area and not more than 3,000 square feet (279 m [2] ) in area. Where the space beneath the permanent platform is used for storage or any purpose other than equipment, wiring or plumbing, the floor assembly shall be not less than 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction. Where the space beneath the permanent platform is used only for equipment, wiring or plumbing, the underside of the permanent platform need not be protected.

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    �

    SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

    410.3.1 Temporary platforms. Platforms installed for a period of not more than 30 days are permitted to be constructed of any materials permitted by this code. The space between the floor and the platform above shall only be used for plumbing and electrical wiring to platform equipment.

    410.4 Dressing and appurtenant rooms. Dressing and appurtenant rooms shall comply with Sections 410.4.1 and 410.4.2.

Frequently asked questions

Can I use any lab report showing heat release to show compliance?

No. The CFC requires testing per the specified standards — UL 1975 or NFPA 289 using the 20‑kW ignition source — and the report must reflect the test protocol and specimen configuration used in the code. Use reports that explicitly state the referenced standard and protocol.

What if a foam sign is permanently attached to a wall?

If a foam sign is affixed to an interior surface, it may be governed by other interior‑finish or building‑code provisions rather than § 808.2; check the sign’s installation method and applicable interior finish sections. The 150 kW in § 808.2 applies to foam plastic signs not affixed to interior building surfaces.

Is the 10% aggregate‑area exception automatic?

No. The code states that when aggregate area is less than 10 percent of the floor or wall area, the requirement may be waived by the fire chief — that is discretionary and typically requires documentation and approval.

Do small decorative foam trim pieces need testing?

Individual foam plastic items where the foam does not exceed 1 pound (0.45 kg) may be exempt from the 100 kW limit per the occupancy exception in § 807.5.1.1. Verify the exception applies to your specific occupancy subsection.

If a UL 1975 test shows 110 kW for an exhibit element, can sprinklers address that?

The CFC sets the maximum heat‑release for the described items at the stated kW thresholds; compliance alternatives or compensating fire protection (sprinklers, separation) are occupancy‑specific and must be coordinated with the authority having jurisdiction. The code does include occupancy‑specific exceptions elsewhere — consult the applicable § 807.5.x subsection and the fire code official.

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