CFC · California Fire Code

What rules apply to natural decorative vegetation (e.g., Christmas trees)?

Homeowners and managers: don’t put natural Christmas trees in exits, corridors, lobbies or vestibules; keep trees at least one tree‑height away from heat sources; and use only listed lighting and wiring on natural vegetation — these are the requirements of CFC **§ 806.2**, **§ 806.3**, and **§ 806.4**.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

Natural decorative vegetation (including natural cut trees) must not block required exits or egress paths, must be kept away from open flames and heat sources, and may not be fitted with unlisted electrical wiring or lighting. These requirements are stated in § 806.2, § 806.3, and § 806.4 of the California Fire Code.

Natural cut trees must not obstruct exits, must be kept at least as far from heat sources as the tree’s height, and may only have listed electrical lighting — don’t place trees in exit corridors or use unlisted wiring.

Requirements in detail

Means-of-egress / placement

  • The required width of any portion of a means of egress must not be obstructed by decorative vegetation.
  • Natural cut trees are specifically prohibited from being located inside an exit, corridor, lobby, or vestibule.
  • Controlling text: § 806.2.

Open flames and heat sources

  • Candles and other open flames are not permitted on or near decorative vegetation.
  • Natural cut trees must be kept from heat vents and any open flame or heat-producing device a distance not less than the height of the tree (i.e., clearance ≥ tree height).
  • Controlling text: § 806.3.

Electrical wiring and lighting

  • The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on natural vegetation (including natural cut trees) is prohibited. Use only electrical products listed/marked for the intended use.
  • Controlling text: § 806.4.

Decision‑relevant dimensions and values

Issue Key value / threshold Code reference
Tree placement relative to egress Must not obstruct the required width; no placement inside an exit, corridor, lobby, or vestibule § 806.2
Clearance from heat/open flame Clearance not less than the height of the tree (tree height) § 806.3
Use of open flames on vegetation Prohibited § 806.3
Electrical lighting/wiring Unlisted wiring/lighting prohibited — use listed equipment § 806.4
(Related) Trunk cut when allowed Trunk bottom cut not less than 0.5 inch above original cut § 806.1
(Related) Water support requirement Support device must hold a minimum two‑day supply of water and cover the stem not less than 2 inches § 806.1.2
(Related) When to remove tree Remove when needles fall off readily when shaken or needles brittle and break between thumb & finger § 806.1.3

How to interpret “unlisted” and “listed”

  • “Unlisted” means the electrical wiring or lighting does not bear a recognized listing/label (for example UL, ETL) for use on vegetation or for portable holiday lighting. The Code statement is categorical: such unlisted wiring is prohibited on natural vegetation. § 806.4.

Exceptions & special cases

  • The three sections above state broad prohibitions/requirements. There are additional, related rules about when natural cut trees are allowed at all and how they must be supported or removed (for example § 806.1 — trunk cut, support device water capacity, dryness checks). These related provisions are found in § 806.1 and should be consulted for allowances and maintenance requirements.
  • The Code distinguishes artificial vs natural vegetation (see Section 807). Some occupancy‑based exceptions for artificial vegetation exist under § 807; those do not relax the natural‑vegetation prohibitions in § 806.2–806.4.
  • If you need to place a tree in a space that might be considered an egress or public corridor, do not — the rule in § 806.2 is explicit.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming a small tree may be placed in a corridor or vestibule — the Code forbids any natural cut tree in exits, corridors, lobbies, and vestibules (§ 806.2).
  • Placing candles or lit decorations on/near the tree — open flames are prohibited on or near decorative vegetation (§ 806.3).
  • Using homemade or unlisted extension cords / light strings on the tree — unlisted wiring and lighting is prohibited on natural vegetation (§ 806.4).
  • Ignoring moisture/support requirements — even where trees are permitted, the Code requires a proper support that holds water and covers the cut stem (§ 806.1.2) and daily checks for dryness (§ 806.1.3). Many fires start when a dry tree contacts a heat source.

Worked example

Scenario: A building manager wants to place a 6‑foot natural cut tree in a hotel lobby and light it with string lights.

Step 1 — placement: A lobby is explicitly listed among prohibited locations for natural cut trees; therefore placing the tree in the lobby is not permitted. § 806.2.

Step 2 — clearance: Even if placement were allowed, the tree would need clearance from any heat vents or heat‑producing devices equal to at least 6 feet (the tree’s height). § 806.3.

Step 3 — lighting: Any string lights used on a natural tree must be listed for that use. Unlisted wiring or lighting is prohibited. § 806.4.

Conclusion: The manager must NOT place the tree in the lobby (Code ban). If a tree is desired in another permitted area, use only listed lighting, keep heat sources ≥ tree height away, provide an approved support/water supply, and monitor dryness. §§ 806.2, 806.3, 806.4, and 806.1.

Related provisions

  • § 806.1 — Natural cut trees: trunk cut, support device, water level, dryness checks (related maintenance and allowance rules).
  • § 807.4 — Artificial decorative vegetation requirements (flame tests, size limits, and wiring rules for artificial vegetation).
  • Title 19, CCR, Chapter 8 — State Fire Marshal rules on fire‑retardant treatments and labeling for decorative materials referenced by the Code.

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 806.1.4 High relevance — show source text

    806.1.4 Fire-retardant treatments for natural cut trees. Where fire-retardant treatments are applied to natural cut trees, the fire-retardant treatment shall be tested by an approved agency and shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    806.2 Obstruction of means of egress. The required width of any portion of a means of egress shall not be obstructed by decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall not be located within an exit, corridor, or a lobby or vestibule.

    806.3 Open flame. Candles and open flames shall not be used on or near decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall be kept a distance from heat vents and any open flame or heat-producing devices not less than the height of the tree.

    806.4 Electrical fixtures and wiring. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on natural vegetation, including natural cut trees, shall be prohibited.

    SECTION 807—DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL DECORATIVE VEGETATION IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    807.1 General. The following requirements shall apply to all occupancies:

    1. Furnishings or decorative materials of an explosive or highly flammable character shall not be used.

    2. Fire-retardant coatings in existing buildings shall be maintained so as to retain the effectiveness of the treatment under service conditions encountered in actual use.

    3. Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed to obstruct exits, access thereto, egress therefrom or visibility thereof.

    4. The permissible amount of noncombustible decorative materials shall not be limited.

    807.2 Combustible decorative materials. In Groups A, B, E, I, M and R-1 and in dormitories in Group R-2, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which such materials are attached.

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

  • CFC § 806.2 High relevance — show source text

    806.2 Obstruction of means of egress. The required width of any portion of a means of egress shall not be obstructed by decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall not be located within an exit, corridor, or a lobby or vestibule.

    806.3 Open flame. Candles and open flames shall not be used on or near decorative vegetation. Natural cut trees shall be kept a distance from heat vents and any open flame or heat-producing devices not less than the height of the tree.

    806.4 Electrical fixtures and wiring. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on natural vegetation, including natural cut trees, shall be prohibited.

    SECTION 807—DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL DECORATIVE VEGETATION IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    807.1 General. The following requirements shall apply to all occupancies:

    1. Furnishings or decorative materials of an explosive or highly flammable character shall not be used.

    2. Fire-retardant coatings in existing buildings shall be maintained so as to retain the effectiveness of the treatment under service conditions encountered in actual use.

    3. Furnishings or other objects shall not be placed to obstruct exits, access thereto, egress therefrom or visibility thereof.

    4. The permissible amount of noncombustible decorative materials shall not be limited.

    807.2 Combustible decorative materials. In Groups A, B, E, I, M and R-1 and in dormitories in Group R-2, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not exceed 10 percent of the specific wall or ceiling area to which such materials are attached.

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

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    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative material suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of the California Building Code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

  • CFC § 807.4 High relevance — show source text

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1325] Labeling Required .

    No drape, hanging, curtain, drop or similar decorative material or exterior fabric which has been treated by a registered flame-retardant application concern, either as yardage or after fabrication, or which is made from a registered approved fabric shall be installed after the effective date of these rules and regulations [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8] in any place or under any condition governed by Sections 13115 and 13119 of the Health and Safety Code unless such drape, hanging, curtain, drop, or similar decorative material or exterior fabric shall be labeled as required by California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1324.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1326] Retreatment.

    In cases where instructions are issued by the State Fire Marshal requiring retreatment or replacement of fabrics or materials previously treated with a flame-retardant chemical or registered as an approved fabric or material, the retreatment or replacement shall be made within ten (10) days after date of the order so requiring. A new certificate of flame resistance covering each such retreatment shall be delivered as for an original job as is provided for by California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1321. A new sample of the retreated fabric or material shall be attached to the certificate of flame resistance submitted to the State Fire Marshal.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1327] Installation.

    The standard fire-resistance tests presume installation of approved registered fabrics in a normal vertical position. Some decorative materials installed otherwise, such as in narrow strips or suspended overhead in a horizontal position, may exhibit different burning characteristics. Since it is not feasible to devise tests for all such installations differing from normal, they must be judged on an individual basis. Where indicated, the State Fire Marshal may perform such additional tests as he deems necessary to ensure adequate fire resis- tance of materials as installed.

    807.4 Artificial decorative vegetation. Artificial decorative vegetation shall comply with this section and the requirements of Sections 806.2 and 806.3. Natural decorative vegetation shall comply with Section 806.

    Exception: Testing of artificial vegetation is not required in Group I-1; Group I-2, Condition 1; Group R-2; Group R-3; or Group R-4 occupancies equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1, where such artificial vegetation complies with the following:

    1. Wreaths and other decorative items on doors shall not obstruct the door operation and shall not exceed 50 percent of the surface area of the door.

    2. Decorative artificial vegetation shall be limited to not more than 30 percent of the wall area to which it is attached.

    3. Decorative artificial vegetation not on doors or walls shall not exceed 3 feet (914 mm) in any dimension.

    807.4.1 Flammability. Artificial decorative vegetation shall meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701. Meeting such criteria shall be documented and certified by the manufacturer in an approved manner. Alternatively, the artificial decorative vegetation shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source, and shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW.

  • CFC § 8-10 High relevance — show source text

    8-10 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads and crash pads applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical correction, surface insulation or other purposes shall be considered to be interior finish, shall comply with Section 803 and shall not be considered decorative materials or furnishings.

    Exceptions:

    1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative material suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 75 percent of the aggregate wall area where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, and where the material is installed in accordance with Section 803.15 of the California Building Code.

    2. In Group R-2 dormitories, within sleeping units and dwelling units, the permissible amount of curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings shall not exceed 50 percent of the aggregate wall areas where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.

    3. In Group B and M occupancies, the amount of combustible fabric partitions suspended from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall comply with Section 807.3 and shall not be limited.

    4. The 10-percent limit shall not apply to curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and similar combustible decorative materials used as window coverings.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.1] Fabrics for Interior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for interior use shall be tested in their original condition only and shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1273.3.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.2] Fabrics for Exterior Use.

  • CFC § 807.4 High relevance — show source text

    807.4 Artificial decorative vegetation. Artificial decorative vegetation shall comply with this section and the requirements of Sections 806.2 and 806.3. Natural decorative vegetation shall comply with Section 806.

    Exception: Testing of artificial vegetation is not required in Group I-1; Group I-2, Condition 1; Group R-2; Group R-3; or Group R-4 occupancies equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1, where such artificial vegetation complies with the following:

    1. Wreaths and other decorative items on doors shall not obstruct the door operation and shall not exceed 50 percent of the surface area of the door.

    2. Decorative artificial vegetation shall be limited to not more than 30 percent of the wall area to which it is attached.

    3. Decorative artificial vegetation not on doors or walls shall not exceed 3 feet (914 mm) in any dimension.

    807.4.1 Flammability. Artificial decorative vegetation shall meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701. Meeting such criteria shall be documented and certified by the manufacturer in an approved manner. Alternatively, the artificial decorative vegetation shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source, and shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW.

    807.4.2 Electrical fixtures and wiring on artificial vegetation. The use of unlisted electrical wiring and lighting on artificial decorative vegetation shall be prohibited. The use of electrical wiring and lighting on artificial trees constructed entirely of metal shall be prohibited.

    807.5 Occupancy-based requirements. Occupancies shall comply with Sections 807.5.1 through 807.5.6.

    807.5.1 Group A. In Group A occupancies, the requirements in Sections 807.5.1.1 through 807.5.1.4 shall apply.

    807.5.1.1 Foam plastics. Exposed foam plastic materials and unprotected materials containing foam plastic used for decorative purposes or stage scenery or exhibit booths shall have a maximum heat release rate of 100 kW when tested in accordance with UL 1975, or when tested in accordance with NFPA 289 using the 20 kW ignition source.

    Exceptions:

    1. Individual foam plastic items or items containing foam plastic where the foam plastic does not exceed 1 pound (0.45 kg) in weight.
    2. Cellular or foam plastic shall be allowed for trim in accordance with Section 804.2.

    807.5.1.2 Motion picture screens. The screens on which motion pictures are projected in new and existing buildings of Group A shall either meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or shall comply with the requirements for a Class B interior finish in accordance with Section 803 of the California Building Code.

    807.5.1.2.1 Motion picture and television production studio sound stages. Approved production facilities and production locations with live audiences .

    807.5.1.2.2 Foam plastics, decorations, textile and film materials. Foam plastics, textile and film materials and other deco- rative materials and materials containing foam plastics shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Exhibit booth construction shall have a maximum heat-release rate of 100 kilowatts when tested in accordance with

    UL 1975.

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  • CFC § 805.4.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    805.4.2 Mattresses. Newly introduced mattresses shall meet the requirements of Sections 805.4.2.1 through 805.4.2.3.

    805.4.2.1 Ignition by cigarettes. Newly introduced mattresses shall be shown to resist ignition by cigarettes as determined by tests conducted in accordance with DOC 16 CFR Part 1632 and shall have a char length not exceeding 2 inches (51 mm).

    805.4.2.2 Heat release rate. Newly introduced mattresses shall have limited rates of heat release when tested in accordance with ASTM E1590 or California Technical Bulletin 129, as follows:

    1. The peak rate of heat release for the single mattress shall not exceed 100 kW.

    Exception: Mattresses in rooms or spaces protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 8-9

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS

    1. The total heat released by the single mattress during the first 10 minutes of the test shall not exceed 25 MJ.

    Exception: Mattresses in rooms or spaces protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

    805.4.2.3 Identification. Mattresses shall bear the label of an approved agency, confirming compliance with the requirements of Sections 805.4.2.1 and 805.4.2.2.

    SECTION 806—NATURAL DECORATIVE VEGETATION IN NEW AND EXISTING BUILDINGS

    806.1 Natural cut trees. Natural cut trees, where allowed by this section, shall have the trunk bottoms cut off not less than 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) above the original cut and shall be placed in a support device complying with Section 806.1.2.

    806.1.1 Restricted occupancies. Natural cut trees shall be prohibited within ambulatory care facilities and Group A, E, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, M, R-1, R-2 and R-4 occupancies.

    Exceptions:

    1. Trees located in areas protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 shall not be prohibited in Groups A, E, M, R-1 and R-2.
    2. Trees shall be allowed within dwelling units in Group R-2 occupancies.

    806.1.2 Support devices. The support device that holds the tree in an upright position shall be of a type that is stable and that meets all of the following criteria:

    1. The device shall hold the tree securely and be of adequate size to avoid tipping over of the tree.
    2. The device shall be capable of containing a minimum two-day supply of water.
    3. The water level, when full, shall cover the tree stem not less than 2 inches (51 mm). The water level shall be maintained above the fresh cut and checked not less than once daily.

    806.1.3 Dryness. The tree shall be removed from the building whenever the needles or leaves fall off readily when a tree branch is shaken or if the needles are brittle and break when bent between the thumb and index finger. The tree shall be checked daily for dryness.

  • CFC § 806.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    806.1 Natural cut trees. Natural cut trees, where allowed by this section, shall have the trunk bottoms cut off not less than 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) above the original cut and shall be placed in a support device complying with Section 806.1.2.

    806.1.1 Restricted occupancies. Natural cut trees shall be prohibited within ambulatory care facilities and Group A, E, I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, M, R-1, R-2 and R-4 occupancies.

    Exceptions:

    1. Trees located in areas protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 shall not be prohibited in Groups A, E, M, R-1 and R-2.
    2. Trees shall be allowed within dwelling units in Group R-2 occupancies.

    806.1.2 Support devices. The support device that holds the tree in an upright position shall be of a type that is stable and that meets all of the following criteria:

    1. The device shall hold the tree securely and be of adequate size to avoid tipping over of the tree.
    2. The device shall be capable of containing a minimum two-day supply of water.
    3. The water level, when full, shall cover the tree stem not less than 2 inches (51 mm). The water level shall be maintained above the fresh cut and checked not less than once daily.

    806.1.3 Dryness. The tree shall be removed from the building whenever the needles or leaves fall off readily when a tree branch is shaken or if the needles are brittle and break when bent between the thumb and index finger. The tree shall be checked daily for dryness.

    806.1.4 Fire-retardant treatments for natural cut trees. Where fire-retardant treatments are applied to natural cut trees, the fire-retardant treatment shall be tested by an approved agency and shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §3.08]. Decorative Materials.

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

  • CFC § 8-3 Medium relevance — show source text

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CONTENTS

    802 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    803 Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish in Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 804 Interior Wall and Ceiling Trim and Interior Floor Finish in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 805 Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8 806 Natural Decorative Vegetation in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10 807 Decorative Materials and Artificial Decorative Vegetation in New and Existing Buildings. . . . . . . 8-10 808 Furnishings Other than Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses or Decorative Materials in New and Existing Buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

    CHAPTER 9 FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY

    SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    901 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    902 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11

    903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13 904 Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems . 9-24 905 Standpipe Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28 906 Portable Fire Extinguishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-39 908 Emergency Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57 909 Smoke Control Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57 910 Smoke and Heat Removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-66

  • CFC § 2.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    In every Group A, E, I, R-1, R-2, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancy, all drapes, hangings, curtains, drops and all other decorative material, including Christmas trees, that would tend to increase the fire and panic hazard shall be made from a nonflammable material, or shall be treated and maintained in a flame-retardant condition by means of a flame-retardant solution or process approved by the State Fire Marshal, as set forth in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8. Exits, exit lights, fire alarm sending stations, wet standpipe hose cabinets and fire extinguisher locations shall not be concealed, in whole or in part, by any decorative material.

    Exceptions: (a) Cubical curtains and individual patient room window curtains and drapes in Group I, R-2.1, R-3.1 and R-4 occupancies. (b) Window curtains and drapes within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies. (c) Christmas trees within dwelling units of Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.1] Fabrics for Interior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for interior use shall be tested in their original condition only and shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, Section 1273.3.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1273.2] Fabrics for Exterior Use.

    Fabrics as described in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1272(c) intended for exterior use shall meet the requirements for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1273.3, and, in addition, they shall meet the require- ments for fire resistance outlined in California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, 1237, both in their original state and after accelerated weathering.

    807.3 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required to exhibit improved fire performance, curtains, draperies, fabric hangings and other similar combustible decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings (shall be flame resistant in accordance with the provisions set forth in CCR, Title 19, Division 1, Chapter 8.) shall be tested by an approved agency and meet the flame propagation performance criteria of Test Method 1 or Test Method 2, as appropriate, of NFPA 701 or exhibit a maximum rate of heat release of 100 kW when tested in accordance with NFPA 289, using the 20 kW ignition source. Reports of test results shall be prepared in accordance with the test method used and furnished to the fire code official upon request.

    [California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Division 1, §1321.1] Fabric and Material Certification.

    All concerns in whose name an approved flame-resistant fabric or material is registered shall issue approved certificates of flame resis- tance covering all such products sold for use in occupancies governed by the statutes. Copies shall be furnished to the buyer as well as the State Fire Marshal and the local fire authority of the customer’s city. These certificates shall be delivered within 10 days after the product is shipped and shall be completely filled out and signed by an authorized representative of the concern.

  • CFC § 7-4 Medium relevance — show source text

    703 Penetrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

    704 Joints and Voids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

    705 Door and Window Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4 706 Duct and Air Transfer Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5 707 Concealed Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5 708 Spray Fire-Resistant Materials and Intumescent Fire-Resistant Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

    709 Exterior Walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

    CHAPTER 8 INTERIOR FINISH, DECORATIVE

    MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-3

    801 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE xxiii

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CONTENTS

    802 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    803 Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish in Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 804 Interior Wall and Ceiling Trim and Interior Floor Finish in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 805 Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8 806 Natural Decorative Vegetation in New and Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10 807 Decorative Materials and Artificial Decorative Vegetation in New and Existing Buildings. . . . . . . 8-10 808 Furnishings Other than Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses or Decorative Materials in New and Existing Buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

    CHAPTER 9 FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY

    SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

  • CFC § 914.3.1.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    D3278—21: Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus

    202

    D3498—03(2011): Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems

    701.6, 914.3.1.2, 3303.5

    E84—21a: Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

    202, 803.1, 803.1.2, 803.3, 803.5.2, 803.10, 803.12, 803.13, 804.1.1, 804.1.2, 804.2.4, 3311.1

    E108— 2020a : Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings

    1207.9.5

    E648—19ae1: Standard Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source

    804.3.1, 804.3.2, 804.4

    E681—09(2015): Standard Test Method for Concentration Limits of Flammability of Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)

    202

    E1354—22: Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

    304.3.2, 304.3.4, 318.1, 2310.5.3, 3304.1.3, 3311.1, 3603.4

    E1529—16e1: Standard Test Method for Determining Effects of Large Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies

    5704.2.9.2.3

    E1537—22: Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furniture

    805.1.1.2, 805.2.1.2, 805.3.1.2, 805.4.1.2

    E1590—2022: Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses

    805.1.2.2, 805.2.2.2, 805.3.2.2.1, 805.4.2.2

    E1966—15(2019): Standard Test Method for Fire-Resistant Joint Systems

    202

    E2072—14: Standard Specification for Photoluminescent (Phosphorescent) Safety Markings

    1025.4

    E2404—17: Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper or Polymeric (Including Vinyl) and Wood Wall or Ceiling Coverings, Facing and Veneers to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

    803.5.1, 803.5.2, 803.12

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 80-7

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    REFERENCED STANDARDS

    E2573—19: Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

    803.10

    E2579—21: Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Wood Products to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

    803.13

    E3082—20: Standard Test Methods for Determining the Effectiveness of Fire-Retardant Treatments for Natural Christmas Trees

    806.1.4

  • CFC § 2004.3 Medium relevance — show source text

    Aviation Facilities (see Aircraft-Related Occupancies, Fire Protection for) Chapter 20 Cleaning parts 2004.3 Combustible storage 2003.6 Dispensing hoses and nozzles 2006.3.3 Dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids 2003.5 Fire protection 914.8 Fueling and defueling 2006 Portable fire extinguishers 2005 Radar equipment 2006.21

    INDEX-2 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    INDEX

    Defined 202

    Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film

    105.5.6, 306 Cellulose Nitrate Plastics

    [see Pyroxylin (Cellulose Nitrate) Plastics] Certification of Service Personnel Automatic fire-extinguishing systems 904.1.1 Portable fire extinguishers 906.2.1 Change of Occupancy 102.3 Defined 202 Change of Use 102.3 Chimney Defined 202 Factory-built 605.2.1.4 Masonry 605.2.1.1 Metal 605.2.1.2

    Christmas Tree (see Decorative Vegetation) Chutes, Rubbish and Linen 903.2.11.2 Classification

    Aerosols 5103 Commodity 3203 Dry cleaning plants and systems 2103.2 Dry cleaning solvent or liquid 202, 2103.1

    Flammable and combustible liquids 202

    Floor finish materials 804.3.1

    Hazardous materials 5001.2

    Occupancy 202 Refrigerant 608.4 Clean Agent 202, 904.10 Cleaning Cooking equipment 606.3.3 Flammable liquids used for 2004.3 Piping 3309.2.1 Powder coating 2406.5.1 Repair garages 2311.2.1 Tanks 5706.7.2 Tire rebuilding buffing areas 3403.3 Clearance Storage to ceiling or sprinklers 315.3.1, 903.3.3, 5704.3.5.3

    Closed Container 5505.5.2

    Defined 202

    Closed System 202, 5705.3.7.6 Clothes Dryer Exhaust Ducts 610 CNG Motor Fuel-Dispensing Facilities 2308 Code Compliance Agency 103 Cold Deck 202, 2806.2 College and University Buildings, Group R-2 403.9.2.1, Table 405.3, 907.2.9.3 Combustible Dust 202, Chapter 22, Table 5003.1.1(1) Combustible Dust-Producing Operations Chapter 22 Dust collection systems 2203.3.1 Dust explosion prevention 2203 Dust explosion screening test 2204 Housekeeping 2203.5 Permit 105.5.7 Sources of ignition 2203.4 Standards 2205

    Training 2203.8 Combustible Fibers Chapter 37

Frequently asked questions

Can I put a Christmas tree in a lobby if it’s not blocking an exit?

No. Natural cut trees are prohibited inside lobbies, exits, and corridors regardless of whether they block the required width — see § 806.2.

How far must a natural tree be from a heat vent or space heater?

Keep the tree from heat vents or any open flame/heat‑producing device a distance not less than the height of the tree (clearance ≥ tree height). § 806.3.

Are LED string lights okay on natural trees?

Yes — but only if the lighting and any wiring are listed for the intended use. Unlisted wiring/lighting on natural vegetation is prohibited by § 806.4.

If a tree is kept hydrated and has listed lights, is it allowed everywhere?

No. Even a hydrated tree with proper lighting cannot be placed where prohibited (exits, corridors, lobbies, vestibules). Check § 806.2 and the related allowance/occupancy rules in § 806.1.

What counts as “unlisted” wiring?

“Unlisted” means the product lacks a recognized safety listing/label (for example, UL or equivalent) for the intended application. The Code forbids use of such wiring or lighting on natural vegetation (§ 806.4).

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