CFC · California Fire Code

When are automatic sprinkler systems required?

Summary: The California Fire Code requires automatic sprinklers where listed in **§ 903.2** and its subsections; special tables and subsections (for example **§ 903.2.16** for Group L labs) set the occupancy‑specific triggers and the hydraulic design parameters (e.g., 2,500 ft² at 0.20 gpm/ft² for Group L). Check Table 903.2.11.6 and the specific § 903.2 subsection for your occupancy to know whether a sprinkler system is required.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

The California Fire Code requires approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and in portions of buildings identified by the code. See § 903.2 for the general scope: automatic sprinklers are required “in new buildings and structures” as specified in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.12 and 903.2.14 through 903.2.21. Additional, occupancy‑specific thresholds (for example, certain storage, atriums, high‑rise, Group L, etc.) are listed elsewhere and cross‑referenced into § 903.2 and the Table of additional required protection systems.

The simplest rule: if your occupancy or building type is listed in the § 903.2 family of sections (or in the Table of additional required protection systems), an approved automatic sprinkler system is required.

Requirements in detail

1) General rule and authority

  • The controlling general provision is § 903.2 — it directs where automatic sprinkler systems must be provided in new construction by referring to the individual occupancy and condition subsections (903.2.1–903.2.12, 903.2.14–903.2.21).
  • Where the code requires sprinklers, systems must be installed in accordance with Chapter 9 requirements (design standards, water supplies, supervision, etc.). See Chapter 9 (for example § 903.3.4 on actuation and § 903.3.5 on water supplies).

2) Table: Decision‑relevant dimensions / common thresholds

Decision dimension Typical values or trigger Code reference
Applicability by section (general) Required where listed in § 903.2.1–903.2.12 and § 903.2.14–§ 903.2.21 § 903.2
Additional required protection (various special features—atriums, high‑rise, etc.) See Table of additional required protection systems (lists many CBC/CFC sections that require systems) Table 903.2.11.6 / § 903.2.11.6 (CBC cross‑references CFC)
Group L (laboratory / covered in CFC/CBC) Sprinklers throughout; design area 2,500 ft²; design density 0.20 gpm/ft² § 903.2.16
Automatic actuation requirement Sprinkler systems shall be automatically actuated (unless specifically otherwise provided) § 903.3.4
Water supply and supervision Water supplies and backflow protection as required by Chapter 9 standards; supervision of valves and flows § 903.3.5 (and related)

Notes on the table:

  • The Table and its cross‑references show many specific sections (atriums, underground, garages, certain hazardous occupancies, high‑rise, etc.) that impose sprinkler requirements in addition to the general § 903.2 listing. The Building Code prints the Table 903.2.11.6 as a cross‑reference to the CFC requirement.

3) Specific, code‑text backed items you should know

  • Group L occupancies: An automatic sprinkler system must be installed throughout buildings housing Group L occupancies. Design for Group L is based on an area of operation of 2,500 square feet and a design density of 0.20 gpm/sf (i.e., system hydraulic design per those values). See § 903.2.16.
  • Additional required protection (Table 903.2.11.6): Certain building features or special occupancies (e.g., atriums, high‑rise, underground structures, some aircraft/airport areas, covered malls, special amusement buildings, etc.) are identified in the Table and require fire protection systems per the referenced sections; that table is published in the Codes and cross‑references the CFC requirement in § 903.2.11.6. Consult the table to determine whether a particular feature triggers a sprinkler requirement.
  • System operation and supply: Where sprinklers are required, they must be automatically actuated and must have an adequate, supervised water supply; domestic service or combination services are addressed in Chapter 9 (for example § 903.3.4 and § 903.3.5).

Exceptions & special cases

  • The CFC includes specific exceptions and permitted alternatives in particular subsections (for example, the text of § 903.2 contains an Exception for certain telecommunications equipment spaces — those limited spaces may be exempt from sprinklering if they are separated by required fire barriers or horizontal assemblies and are protected by automatic smoke detection). Always read the local subsection that applies to the occupancy.
  • Limited‑area sprinkler systems, quick‑response/residential sprinklers, or NFPA 13R/13D protection may be permitted where the code sections that require sprinklers allow alternative standards — Chapter 9 and the referenced NFPA standards define these options (see § 903.3.2 and § 903.3.8).
  • Some cross‑references live in the California Building Code (CBC) tables; those CBC entries may say “see Section 903” or “CFC: automatic sprinkler system requirements as set forth in Section 903.2.11.6” — treat the CFC as controlling for the sprinkler requirement itself while the CBC may show where the trigger originates.

Important: I could not find the actual text for § 903.2.20 in the files you provided. If you need the precise wording of § 903.2.20, please either upload the CFC section text or allow me to search a full copy of the 2025 California Fire Code; I will not invent or assume its content.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming “no sprinklers required” because a building is small — many occupancy‑based triggers (not just building size) require sprinklers (see § 903.2 and Table 903.2.11.6). Always check the specific occupancy subsection.
  • Using NFPA 13 design parameters without confirming code‑required minimums — Group‑specific density/area requirements (for example § 903.2.16 for Group L) set minimum design criteria.
  • Overlooking the actuation/water supply supervision requirements — sprinklers required by § 903.2 also require automatic actuation and approved water supplies per Chapter 9 (e.g., § 903.3.4 and § 903.3.5).
  • Relying solely on tables in the Building Code without checking the cross‑referenced CFC sections — CBC tables often point you to the CFC for the substantive sprinkler requirement (Table 903.2.11.6 points to the CFC).

Worked example — Group L laboratory in a new building

Scenario: A new research building contains a room used as a chemical laboratory (Group L) with a single open lab area of 3,600 ft².

Step‑by‑step:

  1. The CFC § 903.2.16 requires an automatic sprinkler system throughout buildings housing Group L occupancies. Bold trigger: Sprinklers required.
  2. Design basis per § 903.2.16: use an area of operation = 2,500 ft² and a design density = 0.20 gpm/ft². That means hydraulic calculations must supply the required gpm over the chosen design area (2,500 ft² × 0.20 gpm/ft² = 500 gpm required at the system design point for the hydraulically most demanding area).
  3. Because the lab area (3,600 ft²) exceeds the 2,500 ft² design area, the designer still uses the 2,500 ft² area of operation for hydraulic design — the system is sized so the hydrant/pipe network will be able to deliver the required 500 gpm at the design pressure to that area. Additional pipe layout, spacing, and hydraulic calculations follow NFPA 13 and Chapter 9 requirements.
  4. Verify water supply/backflow and supervision requirements per § 903.3.5 and alarm supervision per Chapter 9; provide required fire department connection/valve supervision as required.

Result: The building requires a full automatic sprinkler system installed and hydraulically sized per the Group L parameters in § 903.2.16.

Related provisions (quick list)

  • § 903.2 — Where automatic sprinklers are required (general scope and cross‑references).
  • § 903.2.11.6 — Additional required protection systems (see Table 903.2.11.6 / cross‑references to many special sections). CBC publishes the table that cross‑references the CFC requirement.
  • § 903.2.16 — Automatic sprinkler system requirements for Group L (design area 2,500 ft²; density 0.20 gpm/ft²).
  • § 903.3.4 — Automatic actuation requirement for sprinkler systems.
  • § 903.3.5 — Water supply requirements for sprinkler systems (including backflow considerations).

If you want, I can:

  • Pull verbatim copies of the specific subsections you care about (for example, § 903.2.1–903.2.12 or any particular Table 903.2.11.6 row) if you upload the relevant CFC pages, or
  • Locate and paste the exact wording of § 903.2.20 (I did not find it in the files you provided).

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 903.2.11.6 High relevance — show source text

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

    [F] TABLE 903.2.11.6—ADDITIONAL REQUIRED PROTECTION SYSTEMS—continued Col2
    SECTION SUBJECT
    440 Horse racing stables
    441 Pet kennels
    449 Public libraries
    453 Buildings containing_Group L occupancies_
    507 Unlimited area buildings
    508.5.7 Live/work units
    509.4 Incidental uses
    1030.6.2.3 Smoke-protected assembly seating
    CFC Automatic sprinkler system requirements as set forth in Section 903.2.11.6 of the_California Fire Code_
    California Fire Code Section 1207 Stationary and mobile energy storage systems

    [F] 903.2.12 During construction. Automatic sprinkler systems required during construction, alteration and demolition operations shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 33 of the California Fire Code .

    903.2.13 Reserved.

    903.2.14 Motion picture and television production studio sound stages, approved production facilities and production locations. 903.2.14.1 Existing sound stages and approved production facilities. All existing sound stages and approved production facili- ties equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system shall be maintained in accordance with the provisions of California Fire Code Chapter 9. 903.2.14.2 New sound stages. All new sound stages shall be equipped with an approved automatic fire sprinkler system. The system shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of the California Fire Code Chapter 9 and shall meet the minimum design requirements of an Extra Hazard, Group 2 system. 903.2.15 Automatic sprinkler system—existing high-rise buildings. See California Fire Code Chapter 11 and California Existing Building Code. 903.2.15.1 Existing Group R-1 and R-2 high-rise buildings fire-extinguishing systems. See California Fire Code Chapter 11 and California Existing Building Code. 903.2.16 Group L occupancies. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings housing Group L occupancies. Sprinkler systems for Group L occupancy shall be designed for the square footage area of the Group L occupancy based on an area of sprinkler operation of 2,500 square feet (232 m [2] ) and design density of 0.20 gpm/sf. In mixed occupancies, portions of floors with Group L occupancies, but not classified as Group L, shall be provided with a sprinkler protection system per NFPA 13. 903.2.16.1 Group L occupancies located on the 11th story and above. The automatic sprinkler system shall be designed and zoned to provide separate indication upon water-flow for each side of the 2-hour fire-smoke barrier on the 11th story and above. 903.2.17 Fixed guideway and passenger rail transit systems. _**903.2.17.1 Automatic sprinkler system.

  • CFC § 903.3.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    903.3.2 Quick-response and residential sprinklers. Where automatic sprinkler systems are required by this code, quickresponse or residential automatic sprinklers shall be installed in all of the following areas in accordance with Section 903.3.1 and their listings:

    1. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing care recipient sleeping units in Group I-2 in accordance with the California Building Code .

    9-22 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

    1. Reserved.

    2. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing treatment rooms in ambulatory care facilities.

    3. Dwelling units and sleeping units in Group I-1 and R occupancies.

    4. Light-hazard occupancies as defined in NFPA 13.

    903.3.3 Obstructed locations. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed with regard to obstructions that will delay activation or obstruct the water distribution pattern and shall be in accordance with the applicable automatic sprinkler system standard that is being used. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in or under covered kiosks, displays, booths, concession stands or equipment that exceeds 4 feet (1219 mm) in width. Not less than a 3-foot (914 mm) clearance shall be maintained between automatic sprinklers and the top of piles of combustible fibers.

    Exception: Kitchen equipment under exhaust hoods protected with a fire-extinguishing system in accordance with Section 904.

    903.3.4 Actuation. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be automatically actuated unless specifically provided for in this code.

    903.3.5 Water supplies. Water supplies for automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section and the standards referenced in Section 903.3.1. The potable water supply shall be protected against backflow in accordance with Health and Safety Code 13114.7 . For connections to public waterworks systems, the water supply test used for design of fire protection systems shall be adjusted to account for seasonal and daily pressure fluctuations based on information from the water supply authority and as approved by the fire code official.

    903.3.5.1 Domestic services. Where the domestic service provides the water supply for the automatic sprinkler system, the supply shall be in accordance with this section.

    903.3.5.2 Residential combination services. A single combination water supply shall be allowed provided that the domestic demand is added to the sprinkler demand as required by NFPA 13R.

    903.3.6 Hose threads. Fire hose threads and fittings used in connection with automatic sprinkler systems shall be as prescribed by the fire code official.

    903.3.7 Fire department connections. Fire department connections for automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed in accordance with Section 912.

    903.3.8 Limited area sprinkler systems. Limited area sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with the standards listed in Section 903.3.1 except as provided in Sections 903.3.8.1 through 903.3.8.5.

    903.3.8.1 Number of sprinklers. Limited area sprinkler systems shall not exceed six sprinklers in any single fire area.

    903.3.8.2 Occupancy hazard classification. Only areas classified by NFPA 13 as Light Hazard or Ordinary Hazard Group 1 shall be permitted to be protected by limited area sprinkler systems.

  • CFC § 903.2.11.5 Medium relevance — show source text

    Exception: Ducts where the largest cross-sectional diameter of the duct is less than 10 inches (254 mm).

    [F] 903.2.11.5 Commercial cooking operations. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in commercial kitchen exhaust hood and duct systems where an automatic sprinkler system is used to comply with Section 904.

    [F] 903.2.11.6 Other required fire protection systems. In addition to the requirements of Section 903.2, the provisions indicated in Table 903.2.11.6 require the installation of a fire protection system for certain buildings and areas.

    [F] TABLE 903.2.11.6—ADDITIONAL REQUIRED PROTECTION SYSTEMS Col2
    SECTION SUBJECT
    402.5, 402.6.2 Covered and open mall buildings
    403.3 High-rise buildings_ and Group I-2 occupancies having occupied floors located more than 75 feet above the_
    lowest level of fire department vehicle access
    404.3 Atriums
    405.3 Underground structures
    406.6.4 Mechanical-access enclosed parking garages
    407.7 Group I-2
    410.6 Stages
    411.3 Special amusement buildings
    412.2.4 Airport traffic control towers
    412.3.6, 412.3.6.1, 412.5.6 Aircraft hangars
    415.11.11 Group H-5 HPM exhaust ducts
    416.5 Flammable finishes
    417.4 Drying rooms
    424.3 Play structures

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    FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

    [F] TABLE 903.2.11.6—ADDITIONAL REQUIRED PROTECTION SYSTEMS—continued Col2
    SECTION SUBJECT
    440 Horse racing stables
    441 Pet kennels
    449 Public libraries
    453 Buildings containing_Group L occupancies_
    507 Unlimited area buildings
    508.5.7 Live/work units
    509.4 Incidental uses
    1030.6.2.3 Smoke-protected assembly seating
    CFC Automatic sprinkler system requirements as set forth in Section 903.2.11.6 of the_California Fire Code_
    California Fire Code Section 1207 Stationary and mobile energy storage systems

    [F] 903.2.12 During construction. Automatic sprinkler systems required during construction, alteration and demolition operations shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 33 of the California Fire Code .

    903.2.13 Reserved.

    903.2.14 Motion picture and television production studio sound stages, approved production facilities and production locations. 903.2.14.1 Existing sound stages and approved production facilities. All existing sound stages and approved production facili- ties equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system shall be maintained in accordance with the provisions of California Fire Code Chapter 9. 903.2.14.2 New sound stages. _All new sound stages shall be equipped with an approved automatic fire sprinkler system.

  • CFC § 903.3.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    [F] 903.3.2 Quick-response and residential sprinklers. Where automatic sprinkler systems are required by this code, quickresponse or residential automatic sprinklers shall be installed in all of the following areas in accordance with Section 903.3.1 and their listings:

    1. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing care recipient sleeping units in Group I-2 in accordance with this code.

    2. Reserved.

    3. Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing treatment rooms in ambulatory care facilities.

    4. Dwelling units and sleeping units in Group R occupancies.

    5. Light-hazard occupancies as defined in NFPA 13.

    [F] 903.3.3 Obstructed locations. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed with regard to obstructions that will delay activation or obstruct the water distribution pattern and shall be in accordance with the applicable automatic sprinkler system standard that is being used. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in or under covered kiosks, displays, booths, concession stands, or equipment that exceeds 4 feet (1219 mm) in width. Not less than a 3-foot (914 mm) clearance shall be maintained between automatic sprinklers and the top of piles of combustible fibers.

    Exception: Kitchen equipment under exhaust hoods protected with a fire-extinguishing system in accordance with Section 904.

    [F] 903.3.4 Actuation. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be automatically actuated unless specifically provided for in this code.

    [F] 903.3.5 Water supplies. Water supplies for automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section and the standards referenced in Section 903.3.1. The potable water supply shall be protected against backflow in accordance with the Health and Safety Code Section 13114.7 . For connections to public waterworks systems, the water supply test used for design of fire protection systems shall be adjusted to account for seasonal and daily pressure fluctuations based on information from the water supply authority and as approved by the fire code official.

    [F] 903.3.5.1 Domestic services. Where the domestic service provides the water supply for the automatic sprinkler system, the supply shall be in accordance with this section.

    [F] 903.3.5.2 Residential combination services. A single combination water supply shall be allowed provided that the domestic demand is added to the sprinkler demand as required by NFPA 13R.

    [F] 903.3.6 Hose threads. Fire hose threads and fittings used in connection with automatic sprinkler systems shall be as prescribed by the fire code official.

    [F] 903.3.7 Fire department connections. Fire department connections for automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed in accordance with Section 912.

    [F] 903.3.8 Limited area sprinkler systems. Limited area sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with the standards listed in Section 903.3.1 except as provided in Sections 903.3.8.1 through 903.3.8.5.

    [F] 903.3.8.1 Number of sprinklers. Limited area sprinkler systems shall not exceed six sprinklers in any single fire area.

    [F] 903.3.8.2 Occupancy hazard classification. Only areas classified by NFPA 13 as Light Hazard or Ordinary Hazard Group 1 shall be permitted to be protected by limited area sprinkler systems.

  • CFC § 2.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    E, M|49|75|75|75a| |B|49|100|75|100a| |F|49|75|75|100a| |H-1, H-2, H-3|3|NP|NP|25b| |H-4, H-5|10|NP|NP|75b| |I-2d, I-4|10|NP_i_|NP_i_|75a| |I-3_h_|10|NP|NP|100a| |R-1|10|NP|NP|75a| |R-2|20|NP|NP|125a| |R-2.1|10|NP|NP|75a| |R-2.2|20|NP|NP|125a| |R-3e_, R-3.1e_|20|NP|NP|125a, g| |R-4e|20|NP|NP|125a, g| |Sf|29|100|75|100a| |U|49|100|75|75a| |L|See Section 453.6.1|See Section 453.6.1|NP|NP| |For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
    NP = Not Permitted.
    a. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic sprin-
    kler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    b. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    c. For a room or space used for assembly purposes having fixed seating, see Section 1030.8.
    d. For the travel distance limitations_ and number of exit and exit access requirements for rooms and spaces_in Group I-2, see Section 407.4.
    e. The common path of egress travel distance shall only apply in a Group R-3 occupancy located in a mixed occupancy_building_.
    f. The length of common path of egress travel distance in a Group S-2 open parking garage shall be not more than 100 feet.
    g. For the travel distance limitations in Groups R-3 and R-4 equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3, see Section
    1006.2.2.6.
    h. For holding cells, see Section 408.3.11.
    i. In accordance with Health and Safety Code Section 13113(d), there is no requirement for automatic sprinkler protection in an existing Group I-2 located in Type IA construction.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
    NP = Not Permitted.
    a. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic sprin-
    kler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    b. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    c. For a room or space used for assembly purposes having fixed seating, see Section 1030.8.
    d.

  • CFC § 902.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SECTION 902—FIRE PUMP AND RISER ROOM SIZE

    [F] 902.1 Pump and riser room size. Where provided, fire pump rooms and automatic sprinkler system riser rooms shall be designed with adequate space for all equipment necessary for the installation, as defined by the manufacturer, with sufficient working room around the stationary equipment. Clearances around equipment to elements of permanent construction, including other installed equipment and appliances, shall be sufficient to allow inspection, service, repair or replacement without removing such elements of permanent construction or disabling the function of a required fire-resistance-rated assembly. Fire pump and automatic sprinkler system riser rooms shall be provided with doors and unobstructed passageways large enough to allow removal of the largest piece of equipment.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 9-7

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    FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS

    [F] 902.1.1 Access. Automatic sprinkler system risers, fire pumps and controllers shall be provided with ready access. Where located in a fire pump room or automatic sprinkler system riser room, the door shall be permitted to be locked provided that the key is available at all times.

    [F] 902.1.2 Marking on access doors. Access doors for automatic sprinkler system riser rooms and fire pump rooms shall be labeled with an approved sign. The lettering shall be in contrasting color to the background. Letters shall have a minimum height of 2 inches (51 mm) with a minimum stroke of [3] / 8 inch (10 mm).

    [F] 902.1.3 Environment. Automatic sprinkler system riser rooms and fire pump rooms shall be maintained at a temperature of not less than 40°F (4°C). Heating units shall be permanently installed.

    [F] 902.1.4 Lighting. Permanently installed artificial illumination shall be provided in the automatic sprinkler system riser rooms and fire pump rooms.

    SECTION 903—AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

    [F] 903.1 General. Automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section.

    [F] 903.1.1 Alternative protection. Alternative automatic fire-extinguishing systems complying with Section 904 shall be permitted instead of automatic sprinkler system protection where recognized by the applicable standard and approved by the fire code official.

    [F] 903.2 Where required. Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures shall be provided in the locations described in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.12 and Sections 903.2.14 through 903.2.21.

    Exception: Spaces or areas in telecommunications buildings used exclusively for telecommunications equipment, associated electrical power distribution equipment, batteries not required to have an automatic sprinkler system by Section 1207 of the Cali- fornia Fire Code for energy storage systems and standby engines, provided that those spaces or areas are equipped throughout with an automatic smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907.2 and are separated from the remainder of the building by not less than 1-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or not less than 2-hour horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711, or both.

    [F] 903.2.1 Group A. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof used as Group A occupancies as provided in this section.

  • CFC § 9-7 Medium relevance — show source text

    CHAPTER 9 FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE SAFETY

    SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    901 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    902 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11

    903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13 904 Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems . 9-24 905 Standpipe Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28 906 Portable Fire Extinguishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-39 908 Emergency Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57 909 Smoke Control Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-57 910 Smoke and Heat Removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-66

    911 Explosion Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-67 912 Fire Department Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-69 913 Fire Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-70 914 Fire Protection Based on Special Detailed Requirements of Use and Occupancy . . . . . . . . . . 9-71 915 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-75 916 Gas Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-77 917 Mass Notification Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-78

    CHAPTER 10 MEANS OF EGRESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

    1001 Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

    1002 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

    1003 General Means of Egress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

  • CFC § 1006.3.4 Medium relevance — show source text


    Section 1006.3.4: For buildings with one exit.
    Section 1017.2.2: For increased distance limitation in Groups F-1 and S-1.
    Section 1017.2.3: For increased distance limitation in Group H-5.
    Section 1030.7: For increased limitation in assembly seating.
    Section 3103.4 of the_California Building Code_: For temporary structures.
    Section 3104.9 of the_California Building Code_: For pedestrian walkways.
    b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic
    sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    c. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    d. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.1.
    e. Group R-3 and R-4 buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3. See Section 903.2.8 for occupancies where auto-
    matic sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    f.
    Not permitted in nonsprinklered Group I-3 occupancies.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
    a. See the following sections for modifications to exit access travel distance requirements:
    Section 402.8 of the_California Building Code_: For the distance limitation in malls.
    Section 407.4 of the_California Building Code_: For the distance limitation in Group I-2.
    Section 408.3.10 of the California Building Code: For increased limitation in Group I-3.
    Sections 408.6.1 and 408.8.1 of the_California Building Code_: For the distance limitations in Group I-3.
    Section 411.2 of the_California Building Code_: For the distance limitation in special amusement areas.
    Section 412.6 of the_California Building Code_: For the distance limitations in aircraft manufacturing facilities.
    Section 422.3.4 of the California Building Code: For the distance limitation in ambulatory care facilities.
    Section 1006.2.2.2: For the distance limitation in refrigeration machinery rooms.
    Section 1006.2.2.3: For the distance limitation in refrigerated rooms and spaces.
    Section 1006.3.4: For buildings with one exit.
    Section 1017.2.2: For increased distance limitation in Groups F-1 and S-1.
    Section 1017.2.3: For increased distance limitation in Group H-5.
    Section 1030.7: For increased limitation in assembly seating.
    Section 3103.4 of the_California Building Code_: For temporary structures.
    Section 3104.9 of the_California Building Code_: For pedestrian walkways.
    b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic
    sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    c.

  • CFC § 1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SECTION R309—AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

    R309.1 Townhouse automatic sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in townhouses.

    Exception: An automatic sprinkler system shall not be required where additions or alterations are made to existing townhouses that do not have an automatic sprinkler system installed.

    R309.1.1 Design and installation. Automatic sprinkler systems for townhouses shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section R309 or NFPA 13D.

    R309.2 One- and two-family dwellings automatic sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in one- and two-family dwellings.

    Exceptions:

    1. An automatic sprinkler system shall not be required for additions or alterations to existing buildings that are not already provided with a sprinkler system. 2. Accessory Dwelling Unit, provided that all of the following are met: 2.1. The unit meets the definition of an Accessory Dwelling Unit as defined in the Government Code Section 65852.2. 2.2. The existing primary residence does not have automatic fire sprinklers. 2.3. The accessory detached dwelling unit does not exceed 1,200 square feet in size. 2.4. The unit is on the same lot as the primary residence.

    R309.2.1 Design and installation. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Section R309 or NFPA 13D.

    R309.3 Dwelling unit automatic sprinkler systems.

    R309.3.1 General. The design and installation of automatic sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 13D or Section R309.3, which shall be considered to be equivalent to NFPA 13D. Partial automatic sprinkler systems shall be permitted to be installed only in buildings not required to be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. Section R309.3 shall apply to standalone and multipurpose wet-pipe sprinkler systems that do not include the use of antifreeze. A multipurpose automatic sprinkler system shall provide domestic water to both fire sprinklers and plumbing fixtures. A stand-alone automatic sprinkler system shall be separate and independent from the water distribution system.

    R309.3.1.1 Backflow protection. A backflow preventer shall not be required to separate a sprinkler system from the water distri- bution system, provided that: 1. The system complies with NFPA 13D or Section R309; 2. Piping materials are suitable for potable water in accordance with the California Plumbing Code; and 3. The system does not contain antifreeze or have a fire department connection.

    R309.3.1.2 Required sprinkler locations. Sprinklers shall be installed to protect all areas of a dwelling unit.

  • CFC § 3103.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    7: For increased limitation in assembly seating.
    Section 3103.4: For temporary structures.
    Section 3104.9: For pedestrian walkways.
    b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic sprin-
    kler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    c. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    d. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.1.
    e. Group R-3 and R-4 buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3. See Section 903.2.8 for occupancies where auto-
    matic sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    f. Not permitted in nonsprinklered Group I-3 occupancies.|For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
    a. See the following sections for modifications to exit access travel distance requirements:
    Section 402.8: For the distance limitation in malls.
    Section 407.4: For the distance limitation in Group I-2.
    Section 408.3.10: For increased limitation in Group I-3.
    Sections 408.6.1 and 408.8.1: For the distance limitations in Group I-3.
    Section 411.2: For the distance limitation in special amusement areas.
    Section 412.6: For the distance limitations in aircraft manufacturing facilities.
    Section 422.3.4: For the distance limitation in ambulatory care facilities.
    Section 1006.2.2.2: For the distance limitation in refrigeration machinery rooms.
    Section 1006.2.2.3: For the distance limitation in refrigerated rooms and spaces.
    Section 1006.3.4: For buildings with one exit.
    Section 1017.2.2: For increased distance limitation in Groups F-1 and S-1.
    Section 1017.2.3: For increased distance limitation in Group H-5.
    Section 1030.7: For increased limitation in assembly seating.
    Section 3103.4: For temporary structures.
    Section 3104.9: For pedestrian walkways.
    b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic sprin-
    kler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    c. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    d. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.1.
    e. Group R-3 and R-4 buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3. See Section 903.2.8 for occupancies where auto-
    matic sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    f. Not permitted in nonsprinklered Group I-3 occupancies.|

  • CFC § 1.11. Medium relevance — show source text

    CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 40 – STORAGE OF DISTILLED SPIRITS AND WINES

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

    Adopting Agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM Col5 HCD Col7 Col8 DSA Col10 OSHPD Col12 Col13 Col14 Col15 Col16 BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
    Adopting Agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 T-24 T-19* 1 2 1/AC AC SS 1 1R 2 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
    Adopt Entire Chapter X
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended sections
    listed below)
    Adopt only those sections that
    are listed below
    [California Code of Regulations,
    Title 19, Division 1]
    Chapter / Section
    • The California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 19, Division 1 provisions that are found in the California Fire Code are a reprint from the current CCR, Title 19, Division 1 text for the code user’s convenience only. The scope, applicability and appeals procedures of CCR, Title 19, Division I remain the same. The state agency does not adopt sections identified by the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 40-1

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    40-2 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    40 STORAGE OF DISTILLED SPIRITS AND WINES

    User notes:

    About this chapter: Chapter 40 provides specific requirements for the storage of distilled spirits and wines. In accordance with Section 307.1.1 of the California Building Code, these occupancies are not classified as a Group H occupancy. Instead, as listed in Sections 311.2 and 311.3 of the California Building Code, the storage of beverages that contain up to and including 20-percent alcohol are classified as a Group S-2 occupancy, and those that contain over 20-percent alcohol content are classified as a Group S-1 occupancy. Note that those that are classified as a Group S-1 occupancy are required to be provided with an automatic sprinkler system throughout the Group S-1 fire area, regardless of size, in accordance with Section 903.

  • CFC § 903.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    See Section 903.2 for the minimum thresholds for protection by an automatic sprinkler system for specific occupancies.
    c. New Group H occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    d. The NS value is only for use in evaluation of existing building height in accordance with the_California Existing Building Code_.
    e. New Group I-3 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6.
    f. New and existing Group I-2 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6 and Section 1103.5 of the_California_
    Fire Code.
    g. For new Group I-4 occupancies, see Exceptions 2 and 3 of Section 903.2.6.
    h. New Group R occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.8.
    i. See Sections 407.1.1 and 408.1.2 for specific exceptions to construction type, allowable building areas and allowable heights.
    j. Restraint shall not be permitted in any building except in Group I-3 occupancies constructed for such use (see Section 408.1.2).
    k. Nonambulatory persons shall be limited to the first 2 stories.
    l. Nonambulatory persons shall be limited to the first 5 stories.
    m.Nonambulatory elderly clients are not permitted in buildings of these types of construction. See Sections 435.3.3 and 435.3.4.
    n. In other than Group A, E, H, I, L and R occupancies, high-rise buildings, and other applications listed in Section 1.11 regulated by the Office of the State Fire Marshal, the S increases
    for height and stories in Tables 504.3 and 504.4 are permitted in addition to the S area increase in accordance with Table 506.2.
    o. For Group R-2 buildings of Type VA construction equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, S area increase is permit-
    ted in addition to the height and story increase provided the height shall not exceed 60 feet and 4 stories.
    p. See Section 436.1 for additional regulations for child-care centers and adult day care.|UL = Unlimited; NP = Not Permitted; NS = Buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system; S = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
    system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1; S13R = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2;
    S13D = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    a. See Chapters 4 and 5 for specific exceptions to the allowable height in this chapter.
    b. See Section 903.2 for the minimum thresholds for protection by an automatic sprinkler system for specific occupancies.
    c. New Group H occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    d. The NS value is only for use in evaluation of existing building height in accordance with the_California Existing Building Code_.
    e.

  • CFC § 903.2.6. Medium relevance — show source text

    For new Group I-4 occupancies, see Exceptions 2 and 3 of Section 903.2.6.
    h. New Group R occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.8.
    i. See Sections 407.1.1 and 408.1.2 for specific exceptions to construction type, allowable building areas and allowable heights.
    j. Restraint shall not be permitted in any building except in Group I-3 occupancies constructed for such use (see Section 408.1.2).
    k. Nonambulatory persons shall be limited to the first 2 stories.
    l. Nonambulatory persons shall be limited to the first 5 stories.
    m.Nonambulatory elderly clients are not permitted in buildings of these types of construction. See Sections 435.3.3 and 435.3.4.
    n. In other than Group A, E, H, I, L and R occupancies, high-rise buildings, and other applications listed in Section 1.11 regulated by the Office of the State Fire Marshal, the S increases
    for height and stories in Tables 504.3 and 504.4 are permitted in addition to the S area increase in accordance with Table 506.2.
    o. For Group R-2 buildings of Type VA construction equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, S area increase is permit-
    ted in addition to the height and story increase provided the height shall not exceed 60 feet and 4 stories.
    p. See Section 436.1 for additional regulations for child-care centers and adult day care.|UL = Unlimited; NP = Not Permitted; NS = Buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system; S = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler
    system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1; S13R = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2;
    S13D = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    a. See Chapters 4 and 5 for specific exceptions to the allowable height in this chapter.
    b. See Section 903.2 for the minimum thresholds for protection by an automatic sprinkler system for specific occupancies.
    c. New Group H occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    d. The NS value is only for use in evaluation of existing building height in accordance with the_California Existing Building Code_.
    e. New Group I-3 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6.
    f. New and existing Group I-2 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6 and Section 1103.5 of the_California_
    Fire Code.
    g. For new Group I-4 occupancies, see Exceptions 2 and 3 of Section 903.2.6.
    h. New Group R occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.8.
    i. See Sections 407.1.1 and 408.1.2 for specific exceptions to construction type, allowable building areas and allowable heights.
    _j.

  • CFC § 3.1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    3.1.1; S13R = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
    installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2; S13D = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    a. See Chapters 4 and 5 for specific exceptions to the allowable area in this chapter.
    b. See Section 903.2 for the minimum thresholds for protection by an automatic sprinkler system for specific occupancies.
    c. New Group H_and all Group L_occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.
    d. The NS value is only for use in evaluation of existing building area in accordance with the_California Existing Building Code_.
    e. New Group I-3 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6.
    f. New and existing Group I-2 occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.6 and with Section 1103.5 of the_Cali-_
    fornia Fire Code.
    g. New Group I-4 occupancies see Exceptions 2 and 3 of Section 903.2.6.
    h. New Group R occupancies are required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.8.
    i. The maximum allowable area for a single-story nonsprinklered Group U greenhouse is permitted to be 9,000 square feet, or the allowable area shall be permitted to comply
    with Table C102.1 of Appendix C.
    j. In other than Group A, E, H, I, L and R occupancies, high-rise buildings, and other applications listed in Section 1.11 regulated by the Office of the State Fire Marshal, the S increases
    for height and stories in Tables 504.3 and 504.4 are permitted in addition to the S area increase in accordance with Table 506.2.
    k. For Group R-2 buildings of Type VA construction equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, S area increase is permit-
    ted in addition to the height and story increase provided the height shall not exceed 60 feet and 4 stories.
    l. The NS value is only for use in evaluation of single-occupancy, multistory buildings per the formula in Section 506.2.3.|For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2.
    UL = Unlimited; NP = Not Permitted; NS = Buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system; S1 = Buildings a maximum of one story above grade plane
    equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1; SM = Buildings two or more stories above grade plane equipped
    throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1; S13R = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
    installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2; S13D = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    a. See Chapters 4 and 5 for specific exceptions to the allowable area in this chapter.
    b. See Section 903.2 for the minimum thresholds for protection by an automatic sprinkler system for specific occupancies.
    c.

  • CFC § 8-1 Medium relevance — show source text

    CHAPTER 8 INTERIOR FINISHES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1

    801 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    802 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    803 Wall and Ceiling Finishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

    804 Interior Floor Finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

    805 Combustible Materials in Types I and II Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

    806 Decorative Materials and Trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

    807 Insulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

    808 Acoustical Ceiling Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

    CHAPTER 9 FIRE PROTECTION AND LIFE

    SAFETY SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1

    901 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    902 Fire Pump and Riser Room Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

    904 Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17

    905 Standpipe Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

    906 Portable Fire Extinguishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-22

    907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25

    908 Emergency Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43

    909 Smoke Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43

    910 Smoke and Heat Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-51

  • CFC § 9-1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SAFETY SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1

    901 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    902 Fire Pump and Riser Room Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

    903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

    904 Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17

    905 Standpipe Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20

    906 Portable Fire Extinguishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-22

    907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25

    908 Emergency Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43

    909 Smoke Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43

    910 Smoke and Heat Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-51

    911 Fire Command Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-53

    912 Fire Department Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-54

    913 Fire Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-55

    914 Emergency Responder Safety Features . . . . . . . . . . 9-56

    915 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-56

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    916 Gas Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-58

    917 Mass Notification Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-59

    918 Emergency Responder Communication Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-59

    CHAPTER 10 MEANS OF EGRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

    1001 Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

  • CFC § 3104.9 Medium relevance — show source text

    4 of the_California Building Code_: For temporary structures.
    Section 3104.9 of the_California Building Code_: For pedestrian walkways.
    b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2. See Section 903 for occupancies where automatic
    sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.2.
    c. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    d. Group H occupancies equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.2.5.1.
    e. Group R-3 and R-4 buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3. See Section 903.2.8 for occupancies where auto-
    matic sprinkler systems are permitted in accordance with Section 903.3.1.3.
    f.
    Not permitted in nonsprinklered Group I-3 occupancies.|

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    MEANS OF EGRESS

    [BE] 1017.2.1 Exterior egress balcony increase. Exit access travel distances specified in Table 1017.2 shall be increased up to an additional 100 feet (30 480 mm) provided that the last portion of the exit access leading to the exit occurs on an exterior egress balcony constructed in accordance with Section 1021. The length of such balcony shall be not less than the amount of the increase taken.

    [BE] 1017.2.2 Groups F-1 and S-1 increase. The maximum exit access travel distance shall be 400 feet (122 m) in Group F-1 or S-1 occupancies where all of the following conditions are met:

    1. The portion of the building classified as Group F-1 or S-1 is limited to one story in height.
    2. The minimum height from the finished floor to the bottom of the ceiling or roof slab or deck is 24 feet (7315 mm).
    3. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

    [BE] 1017.2.3 Group H-5 increase. The maximum exit access travel distance shall be 300 feet (91 m) in the fabrication areas of Group H-5 occupancies where all of the following conditions are met:

    1. The width of the fabrication area is 300 feet (91 m) or greater.
    2. The area of the fabrication area is 220,000 square feet (18 600 m [2] ) or greater.
    3. The height of the fabrication area, measured between the raised metal floor and the clean filter ceiling, is 16 feet (48 768 mm) or greater.
    4. The supply ventilation rate is 20 cubic feet per minute per square foot (0.556 m [3] /min/m [2] ) or greater and shall remain operational.

    [BE] 1017.3 Measurement. Exit access travel distance shall be measured from the most remote point of each room, area or space along the natural and unobstructed path of horizontal and vertical egress travel to the entrance to an exit. Where more than one exit is required, exit access travel distance shall be measured to the nearest exit.

  • CFC § 903.3.1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    1. A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings not more than three stories in height with not more than 20 dwelling units or sleeping units in aggregate and equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.

    2. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required throughout the building where the following conditions are met: 3.1. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.

    3.2. The notification appliances will activate upon sprinkler water flow. 3.3. Not less than one manual fire alarm box is installed at an approved location. 1103.7.5.1.1 Group R-1 hotel and motel automatic smoke detection system. An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-1 hotels and motels throughout all interior corridors serving sleeping rooms not equipped with an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.

    Exception: An automatic smoke detection system is not required in buildings that do not have interior corridors serving dwelling units or sleeping units and where each dwelling unit or sleeping unit has a means of egress door opening directly to an exit or to an exterior exit access that leads directly to an exit.

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    CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS

    1103.7.5.2 Group R-1 boarding and rooming houses manual fire alarm system. A manual fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-1 boarding and rooming houses.

    Exception: Buildings less than two stories in height where all sleeping units, attics and crawl spaces are separated by 1hour fire-resistance-rated construction and each dwelling unit or sleeping unit has direct access to a public way, egress court or yard.

    1103.7.5.2.1 Group R-1 boarding and rooming houses automatic smoke detection system. An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-1 boarding and rooming houses throughout all interior corridors serving dwelling units or sleeping units not equipped with an approved, supervised sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.

    Exception: Buildings equipped with single-station smoke alarms meeting or exceeding the requirements of Section 907.2.11.1 and where the fire alarm system includes not less than one manual fire alarm box per floor arranged to initiate the alarm.

    1103.7.6 Group R-2. A manual fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-2 occupancies more than three stories in height or with more than 16 dwelling or sleeping units.

    Exceptions:

    1. Where each living unit is separated from other contiguous living units by fire barriers having a fire-resistance rating of not less than [3] / 4 hour, and where each living unit has either its own independent exit or its own independent stairway or ramp discharging at grade.
  • CFC § 902.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SECTION 902—SPECIAL USE AND OCCUPANCY

    902.1 Reserved.

    902.2 Group R-2.1 occupancies. Group R-2.1 occupancies shall be classified in accordance with Section 308.2 of the California Build- ing Code .

    902.2.1 Smoke barriers in Group R-2.1 . In Group R-2.1 occupancies where the work area is on a story used for sleeping rooms for more than 30 care recipients, the story shall be divided into not fewer than two compartments by smoke barrier walls in accordance with Section 420.6 of the California Building Code .

    902.3 Ambulatory care facilities. Where a Level 3 work area includes an existing ambulatory care facility, the following shall be provided:

    1. A smoke compartment in accordance with Section 422.3 of the California Building Code, where the alteration results in an ambulatory care facility greater than 10,000 square feet on one story.
    2. Separation from adjacent spaces in accordance with Section 422.2 of the California Building Code, where any such facility has the potential for four or more care recipients incapable of self-preservation at any time.

    SECTION 903—BUILDING ELEMENTS AND MATERIALS

    903.1 Existing shafts and vertical openings. Existing stairways that are part of the means of egress shall be enclosed in accordance with Section 802.2.1 from the highest work area floor to, and including, the level of exit discharge and all floors below.

    903.2 Fire partitions in Group R-3. Fire separation in Group R-3 occupancies shall be in accordance with Section 903.2.1.

    903.2.1 Separation required. Where the work area is in any attached dwelling unit in Group R-3 or any multiple single-family dwelling (townhouse), walls separating the dwelling units that are not continuous from the foundation to the underside of the roof sheathing shall be constructed to provide a continuous fire separation using construction materials consistent with the existing wall or complying with the requirements for new structures. Work shall be performed on the side of the dwelling unit wall that is part of the work area.

    Exception: Where alterations or repairs do not result in the removal of wall or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, walls are not required to be continuous through concealed floor spaces.

    903.3 Interior finish. Interior finish in exits serving the work area shall comply with Section 802.4 between the highest floor on which there is a work area to the floor of exit discharge.

    903.4 Enhanced classroom acoustics. In Group E occupancies, where the work area is a Level 3 alteration, enhanced classroom acoustics shall be provided in all classrooms with a volume of 20,000 cubic feet (565 m [3] ) or less. Enhanced classroom acoustics shall comply with the reverberation time in Section 808 of ICC A117.1.

    2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE 9-3

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    ALTERATIONS—LEVEL 3

    SECTION 904—FIRE PROTECTION

    904.1 Automatic sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with Section 903 of the California Building and California Fire Codes.

  • CFC § 903.2.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    903.2.1 Separation required. Where the work area is in any attached dwelling unit in Group R-3 or any multiple single-family dwelling (townhouse), walls separating the dwelling units that are not continuous from the foundation to the underside of the roof sheathing shall be constructed to provide a continuous fire separation using construction materials consistent with the existing wall or complying with the requirements for new structures. Work shall be performed on the side of the dwelling unit wall that is part of the work area.

    Exception: Where alterations or repairs do not result in the removal of wall or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, walls are not required to be continuous through concealed floor spaces.

    903.3 Interior finish. Interior finish in exits serving the work area shall comply with Section 802.4 between the highest floor on which there is a work area to the floor of exit discharge.

    903.4 Enhanced classroom acoustics. In Group E occupancies, where the work area is a Level 3 alteration, enhanced classroom acoustics shall be provided in all classrooms with a volume of 20,000 cubic feet (565 m [3] ) or less. Enhanced classroom acoustics shall comply with the reverberation time in Section 808 of ICC A117.1.

    2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE 9-3

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    ALTERATIONS—LEVEL 3

    SECTION 904—FIRE PROTECTION

    904.1 Automatic sprinkler systems. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with Section 903 of the California Building and California Fire Codes.

    904.2 Fire alarm and detection systems. Fire alarm and detection shall be provided in accordance with Section 907 of the California Building Code as required for new construction in accordance with California Fire Code Sections 907 and 1103.7.

    904.2.1 Systems out of service. Existing fire alarm and detection systems shall be maintained in accordance with Section 901.7 of the California Fire Code. Site fire protection during construction shall be in accordance with Chapter 33 of the California Building and California Fire Codes.

    SECTION 905—MEANS OF EGRESS

    905.1 General. The means of egress shall comply with the requirements of Section 804 except as specifically required in Sections 905.2 and 905.3.

    905.2 Means-of-egress lighting. Means of egress from the highest work area floor to the floor of exit discharge shall be provided with artificial lighting within the exit enclosure in accordance with the requirements of the California Building Code .

    905.3 Exit signs. Means of egress from the highest work area floor to the floor of exit discharge shall be provided with exit signs in accordance with the requirements of the California Building Code .

    905.4 Two-way communications systems. In buildings with elevator service, a two-way communication system shall be provided where required by Section 1009.8 of the California Building Code .

    SECTION 906—STRUCTURAL

    [BS] 906.1 General. Where buildings are undergoing Level 3 alterations, the provisions of this section shall apply.

  • CFC § 416.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    Spray Room 416.2 Sprayed Fire-Resistant Materials 202 Application 704.12 Inspection 1705.15, 1705.16 Steel column calculated fire resistance

    722.5.2.2 Sprinkler System, Automatic 903, 1613.6,

    3312 Exempt locations 903.3.1.1.1, 903.3.1.1.2

    Fire department location 912 Limited area sprinkler systems 903.3.8 Signs 914.2 Sprinkler System, Required 903 Aircraft related 412.2.4, 412.3.6,

    412.4.5 Ambulatory care facilities 422.4, 903.2.2.1 Amusement areas, special 411.2 Assembly 903.2.1, 1030.6.2.3 Atrium 404.3

    Basements 903.2.11.1 Building area 506.2 Combustible storage 413 Commercial kitchen 903.2.11.5

    Construction 903.2.12 Covered and open mall building 402.5 Drying rooms 417.4 Education 903.2.3

    Exempt locations 903.3.1.1.1, 903.3.1.1.2

    Factory 903.2.4 Fire areas 707.3.10

    Hazardous materials Table 414.2.5.1, Table 414.2.5.2, 903.2.11.4 Hazardous occupancies 415.4, 415.11.7.4, 415.11.12, 705.9.1,

    903.2.5 Height increase Table 504.3 High-rise buildings 403.3, 903.2.11.3 Incidental uses Table 509.1

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE INDEX-19

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    INDEX

    Ladders 408.3.5, 410.5.3.4, 1011.15,

    1011.16 Landings 1011.6, 1011.8 Live load Table 1607.1, 1607.9 Locking 1010.2.6 Luminous 403.5.5, 411.4.1, 1025 Roof access 1011.12 Seismic anchorage 2308.8.10 Spiral (see Spiral Stairways) 408.3.4, 410.5.3.4, 508.5.5, 1011.10 Stepped aisles 1030.14.2 Transitions 1030.9.7, 1030.9.8,

    1030.10

    Travel distance 1017.3.1

  • CFC § 914.3.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    914.3.4 Automatic smoke detection. Smoke detection shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1.

    914.3.5 Emergency voice/alarm communication system. An emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

    914.3.6 Emergency responder communication coverage. In-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be provided in accordance with Section 510.

    914.3.7 Fire command. A fire command center complying with Section 508 shall be provided in a location approved by the fire department.

    914.3.8 Smoke control.

    914.3.8.1 Smoke control system. All portions of high-rise buildings shall be provided with a smoke control system in accordance with California Building Code, Section 909.

    914.3.8.2 Smokeproof exit enclosures. Every exit enclosure in high-rise buildings shall comply with California Building Code, Sections 909.20 and 1023.12. Every required stairway in Group I-2 occupancies serving floors more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall comply with Sections 909.20 and 1023.12 of the California Building Code.

    Exception: In high-rise buildings, exit enclosures serving three or less adjacent floors where one of the adjacent floors is the level of exit discharge.

    914.4 Atriums. Atriums shall comply with Sections 914.4.1 and 914.4.2.

    914.4.1 Automatic sprinkler system. An approved automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout the entire building.

    Exceptions:

    1. That area of a building adjacent to or above the atrium need not be sprinklered, provided that portion of the building is separated from the atrium portion by not less than a 2-hour fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the California Building Code or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711 of the California Building Code, or both.
    2. Where the ceiling of the atrium is more than 55 feet (16 764 mm) above the floor, sprinkler protection at the ceiling of the atrium is not required.

    914.4.2 Fire alarm system. A fire alarm system shall be provided where required by Section 907.2.14.

    914.5 Underground buildings. Underground buildings shall comply with Sections 914.5.1 through 914.5.5.

    914.5.1 Automatic sprinkler system. The highest level of exit discharge serving the underground portions of the building and all levels below shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Waterflow switches and control valves shall be supervised in accordance with Section 903.4.1.

    914.5.2 Smoke control system. A smoke control system is required to control the migration of products of combustion in accordance with Section 909 and provisions of this section. Smoke control shall restrict movement of smoke to the general area of fire origin and maintain means of egress in a usable condition.

    914.5.3 Compartment smoke control system. Where compartmentation is required by Section 405.4 of the California Building Code, each compartment shall have an independent smoke control system. The system shall be automatically activated and capable of manual operation in accordance with Section 907.2.18.

  • CFC § 1103.7.3.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    1103.7.3.1 Additional provisions for existing Group I occupancies. In projects requiring the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development approval in existing Group I-2 occupancies located in buildings defined as hospitals in Section 1250 of the Health and Safety Code, facilities not equipped with an automatic sprinkler system throughout shall be equipped with an automatic fire alarm system which responds to the products of combustion other than heat. Exception: Heat detectors may be used in closets, unusable spaces under floor areas, storage rooms, bathrooms and rooms of similar use.

    1103.7.4 Group I-3. An automatic and manual fire alarm system shall be installed in existing Group I-3 occupancies in accordance with Section 907.2.6.3.

    1103.7.5 Group R-1. A fire alarm system and smoke alarms shall be installed in existing Group R-1 occupancies in accordance with Sections 1103.7.5.1 through 1103.7.5.2.1. 1103.7.5.1 Group R-1 hotel and motel manual fire alarm system. A manual fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-1 hotels and motels more than one story in height or with more than 20 dwelling units or sleeping units in aggregate. Exceptions:

    1. A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings less than two stories in height where all dwelling units, sleeping units, attics and crawl spaces are separated by 1-hour fire-resistance-rated construction and each sleeping unit has direct access to a public way, egress court or yard.

    2. A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings not more than three stories in height with not more than 20 dwelling units or sleeping units in aggregate and equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.

    3. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required throughout the building where the following conditions are met: 3.1. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.

    3.2. The notification appliances will activate upon sprinkler water flow. 3.3. Not less than one manual fire alarm box is installed at an approved location. 1103.7.5.1.1 Group R-1 hotel and motel automatic smoke detection system. An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in existing Group R-1 hotels and motels throughout all interior corridors serving sleeping rooms not equipped with an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.

    Exception: An automatic smoke detection system is not required in buildings that do not have interior corridors serving dwelling units or sleeping units and where each dwelling unit or sleeping unit has a means of egress door opening directly to an exit or to an exterior exit access that leads directly to an exit.

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    CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS

  • CFC § 1.11. Medium relevance — show source text
    • The California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 19, Division 1 provisions that are found in the California Fire Code are a reprint from the current CCR, Title 19, Division 1 text for the code user’s convenience only. The scope, applicability and appeals procedures of CCR, Title 19, Division I remain the same. The state agency does not adopt sections identified by the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 40-1

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    40-2 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

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    40 STORAGE OF DISTILLED SPIRITS AND WINES

    User notes:

    About this chapter: Chapter 40 provides specific requirements for the storage of distilled spirits and wines. In accordance with Section 307.1.1 of the California Building Code, these occupancies are not classified as a Group H occupancy. Instead, as listed in Sections 311.2 and 311.3 of the California Building Code, the storage of beverages that contain up to and including 20-percent alcohol are classified as a Group S-2 occupancy, and those that contain over 20-percent alcohol content are classified as a Group S-1 occupancy. Note that those that are classified as a Group S-1 occupancy are required to be provided with an automatic sprinkler system throughout the Group S-1 fire area, regardless of size, in accordance with Section 903.

    Bibliography: FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-29, Ignitable Liquid Storage in Portable Containers, October 2020 Factory Mutual Insurance Company, Johnson, RI.

    SECTION 4001—GENERAL

    4001.1 General. The storage of distilled spirits and wines in barrels and casks shall comply with this chapter in addition to other applicable requirements of this code. 4001.1.1 Nonapplicability. Chapter 50 and Chapter 57 are not applicable to the storage of distilled spirits and wines in barrels and casks as identified in Section 5001.1, Exception 10, and Section 5701.2, Item 10.

    SECTION 4002—DEFINITIONS

    4002.1 Definitions. Words and terms used in this chapter and defined in Chapter 2 shall have the meanings ascribed to them as defined therein.

    SECTION 4003—PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE

    4003.1 Spill control. Drainage or containment systems shall be provided by means of curbs, scuppers, special drains or other suitable means to prevent the flow of spills throughout the building. 4003.2 Ventilation. For rooms and spaces where distilled spirits and wines in barrels and casks are stored, ventilation shall be provided in accordance with the California Mechanical Code and one of the following:

    1. The rooms and spaces shall be ventilated at a rate sufficient to maintain the concentration of vapors within the area at or below 25 percent of the lower flammable limit (LFL). This shall be confirmed by sampling the actual vapor concentration under normal operating conditions. The sampling shall be conducted throughout the enclosed storage area, extending to or toward the bottom and the top of the enclosed storage area.

Frequently asked questions

Do all new buildings require sprinklers?

Not automatically — the general requirement is set in § 903.2, which lists the specific subsections and conditions where sprinklers are required; many common occupancies and conditions are included, but you must check the applicable subsection (or Table 903.2.11.6) that applies to your building.

What is the design area and density for Group L?

Per § 903.2.16, use an area of operation = 2,500 ft² and design density = 0.20 gpm/ft² for sprinkler system design in Group L occupancies.

Can I use NFPA 13R or 13D instead of NFPA 13?

Some sections permit alternate standards (quick‑response or residential sprinklers) where the code allows; Chapter 9 and the referenced NFPA standards explain which alternative is permitted for the listed occupancy or application (see § 903.3.2 and § 903.3.8). Always confirm the subsection that triggers protection.

Where do I find whether a special feature (atrium, underground, etc.) triggers sprinklers?

Consult Table 903.2.11.6 (Additional Required Protection Systems) and the referenced subsections (CBC prints the table and points to the CFC requirement). If a row in the table names your feature, follow the referenced CFC section.

I need the text of § 903.2.20 — can you provide it?

I could not find § 903.2.20 in the files you provided. If you upload the CFC pages containing § 903.2.20 or allow a search of a complete CFC copy, I will retrieve and cite the exact wording.

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