SECTION 2. BACKGROUND

Section 9010 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), Public Law 111–148 (124 Stat. 119 (2010)), as amended by section 10905 of PPACA, and as further amended by section 1406 of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, Public Law 111–152 (124 Stat. 1029 (2010)) (collectively, the Affordable Care Act or ACA), imposes an annual fee on covered entities engaged in the business of providing health insurance for United States health risks. The fee is a fixed amount allocated among all covered entities in proportion to their relative market share as determined by each entity’s net premiums written for the data year, which is the year immediately preceding

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the year in which the fee is paid (the year in which the fee is paid is the fee year).

Section 9010(b)(3) requires the Secretary of the Treasury (Secretary) to calculate the amount of each covered entity’s annual fee. For this purpose, § 9010(g)(1) requires each covered entity to report to the Secretary its net premiums written for health insurance for any United States health risk for the data year. Section 9010(d) defines United States health risk to mean a health risk of any individual who is: (1) a United States citizen; (2) a resident of the United States (within the meaning of § 7701(b)(1)(A)); or (3) located in the United States, during the period such individual is so located.

The Department of the Treasury (Treasury) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) proposed the Health Insurance Provider Fee regulations (REG–118315–12, 78 FR 14034) on March 4, 2013, and issued final regulations (T.D. 9643, 78 FR 71476) on November 26, 2013, providing guidance regarding the § 9010 fee. The regulations require each covered entity to annually report its net premiums written for health insurance of United States health risks during the data year to the IRS by April 15th of the fee year on Form 8963, Report of Health Insurance Provider Information. For covered entities that file the SHCE with the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC), net premiums written for health insurance generally will equal the amount reported on the SHCE as direct premiums written minus medical loss ratio (MLR) rebates with respect to the data year, subject to any applicable exclusions under § 9010. Form 8963 accordingly requires reporting of direct premiums written for purposes of determining net premiums written.

The regulations do not provide specific rules for expatriate policies. The MLR final rule issued by HHS (MLR final rule) defines expatriate policies as group health insurance policies that provide coverage to employees, substantially all of whom are: (1) working outside their country of citizenship; (2) working outside their country of citizenship and outside the employer’s country of domicile; or (3) nonU.S. citizens working in their home country. 45 CFR 158.120(d)(4).

The SHCE includes separate reporting for expatriate plans, which are defined by

reference to the definition of expatriate policies in the MLR final rule. Section 57.4(b)(2) of the final regulations provides that the entire amount reported as direct premiums written on the SHCE (including direct premiums written for expatriate plans) will be considered to be for United States health risks unless the covered entity can demonstrate otherwise.

The preamble to the final regulations notes that commenters expressed concern regarding the application of this presumption to expatriate policies. The preamble explains that Treasury and the IRS considered methods for a covered entity to account for its expatriate policies, but did not identify a method that would be verifiable and administrable. Treasury and the IRS are continuing to examine this issue.

Section 6055 and the regulations thereunder require every person that provides minimum essential coverage (as defined in § 5000A(f)) to an individual to report to the IRS information about the coverage, including the name, address, and taxpayer identification number (TIN) of each individual covered under the policy. The data collected pursuant to § 6055 ultimately could provide insurers with information they need to determine more precisely the health risks covered by their expatriate plans. Notice 2013–45, 2013–1 IRB 116, however, delays the reporting required under § 6055 until 2016 for coverage in 2015. In the interim, this notice provides a temporary safe harbor for 2014 and 2015 for a covered entity that reports direct premiums written for expatriate plans on its SHCE that include coverage of at least one non-United States health risk.