Article 6.18

Potentially Dangerous and Dangerous Animals

• A. Due to the increased urbanization in the city, the city has experienced increasing number of dogs and other animals being kept in close proximity to humans, including children.

• B. The keeping of dogs and other animals in close proximity to adults and children has resulted in increasing incidents of attacks, biting, and menacing behavior by such dogs and other animals.

• C. These incidents now present a public health and safety problem to the residents of this city, and increasing numbers of cases have resulted in painful and/or serious injuries to adults and children, death and injuries to other animals, attendant economic losses to city residents, and anxiety to those bitten by unlicensed animals whose vaccination status is therefore not established.

• D. In an attempt to bring this problem under control, it is necessary to: (1) increase the total number of animals which are licensed and thus properly established to have been vaccinated against rabies; (2) encourage the spaying and neutering of animals, which (a) reduces the number of strays at large and not safely confined, (b) reduces aggressiveness in animals at large, and (c) reduces the financial cost to taxpayers of animal control services; and (3) establish a warning and hearing procedure to put the owners of potentially dangerous or dangerous dogs and other animals on adequate notice to control such animals and to bring about the confinement of such animals and the destruction of those animals where other lesser measures have failed or are inappropriate.

• (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

Whenever, in this chapter or in any resolution or standard adopted by the city council pursuant to this chapter, the following terms are used, they shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this section, unless it is apparent from the context that some other meaning is intended.

"Attack" means any action by an animal which places a person in danger of immediate bodily harm.

"Dangerous animal" means:

• A. Any animal which has twice within a 48 month period in two separate incidents has actively pursued, attacked, bitten, or otherwise caused a less severe injury than a "substantial injury" (as defined in this section), to another person or animal engaged in a lawful activity;

• B. Any animal which has once attacked, bitten, or otherwise caused injury to a person or animal engaged in lawful activity, resulting in death or substantial injury;

• C. Any animal which has been previously declared a potentially dangerous animal and the owner/custodian has failed to restrain the animal as so directed; or

• D. Any dog which has been declared a "potentially dangerous dog" as defined by California state law during any legal hearing process.

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City of Palm Desert, CA

ANIMALS

§ 6.18.020

§ 6.18.030

"Potentially dangerous animal" means:

• A. Any animal which has once actively pursued, attacked, bitten, or otherwise caused a less severe injury than a "substantial injury" (as defined in this section), to another person engaged in a lawful activity.

• B. Any animal which has once attacked, bitten, or otherwise caused a less severe injury than a "substantial injury" (as defined in this section), to another animal.

• C.

• Any animal which is found actively pursuing dogs, cats, or animals.

"Secure enclosure" means a fence or structure suitable to prevent the entry of young children and which is suitable to confine a potentially dangerous or dangerous animal in conjunction with other measures which may be taken by the owner or keeper of the animal, or at the direction of the animal services manager. The enclosure shall be designed to prevent the animal from escaping and to prevent an adult or child from coming in contact with the animal. (A chain where a person can walk within the length of the chain, or an electric collar or invisible fence is not a sufficient restraint or enclosure.)

"Substantial injury" means a substantial impairment of the physical condition of a person or animal which requires professional medical treatment, including, but not limited to, loss of consciousness; concussion; bone fracture; protracted loss or impairment of function of any bodily member or organ; muscle tears, disfiguring lacerations, punctures, or a wound requiring multiple sutures; or any injury requiring corrective or cosmetic surgery.

"Vicious dog" means:

• A. Any dog which, when unprovoked, in an aggressive manner, inflicts injury on or kills a human being or animal.

• B. Any dog previously determined to be and currently listed as a potentially dangerous dog which after its owner or keeper has been notified of this determination, continues that behavior described in Section 31062 of the Food and Agricultural Code or is maintained in violation of Section 31641, 31642, or 31643 of the Food and Agricultural Code.

• (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

• A. If the county of Riverside has cause to believe that an animal is a potentially dangerous animal, the animal control officer shall issue a potentially dangerous animal restraint order to the owner(s) or custodian(s) of any such dog or animal that fits the description described in this chapter of a potentially dangerous animal. The order shall be served by hand delivery or certified and first-class mail. The order shall notify the owner(s) or custodian(s) of such animal(s) that such owner(s) custodian(s) is/are required thereafter at all times to keep such animal(s) in a secure enclosure or provide such other adequate secure restraint as may be specified on the restraint order.

• B. An owner(s)/custodian(s) of an animal(s) receiving a potentially dangerous animal restraint order may request a hearing on the order by a hearing officer selected by the city manager or his or her designee. The request for a hearing must be submitted in writing, during the 10 calendar days following the service of the order. Pending such hearing, the animal must be kept in a secure enclosure or adequately restrained as specified in the restraint order.

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City of Palm Desert, CA

PALM DESERT CODE

§ 6.18.030

§ 6.18.040

• C. Failure of the owner(s)/keeper(s) to request a hearing on the restraint order within the 10 day period, or failure to attend or be represented at a scheduled hearing, shall constitute a waiver of the right to a hearing and shall satisfy the hearing requirements provided herein.

• D. All hearings pursuant to subsection B of this section shall be conducted by the hearing officer who shall not have been directly involved in the subject action. Hearings shall be held not more than 10 working days from the date of receipt of the request for the hearing and shall be conducted in an informal manner consistent with due process of law. A hearing may be continued for a period of time not to exceed 30 days if the hearing officer deems such continuance to be necessary and proper. Within 10 days after the conclusion of the hearing, the hearing officer shall render, in writing, his or her findings, decision and order thereon and shall give notice of the findings, decision and order to the owner or custodian of the subject animal; service of such notice shall be by mail or hand delivery.

• E. An animal which has been determined to be a potentially dangerous animal following the conclusion of the process described in subsections A through D of this section shall be added to a list of potentially dangerous animals maintained by the county of Riverside. Once an animal has been determined to be a potentially dangerous animal, if there are no additional instances of the behavior described in Section 6.18.020 within a 48 month period from the date of the restraint order, the animal may be removed from the list of potentially dangerous animals by the animal control officer.

• (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

The county of Riverside is authorized and empowered to impound and/or abate (destroy), or cause to impound and/or abate (destroy) any dangerous animal as a public nuisance independently of any criminal prosecution or the results thereof by any means reasonably necessary to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public including, but not limited to, the imposition upon the owner and/or custodian of specific, reasonable restrictions and conditions for the maintenance of the animal. In carrying out an abatement, the county of Riverside shall follow the procedure established in this code. Restrictions and/or conditions resulting from abatement proceedings may include, but are not limited to the following:

• A. Requiring the owner of the animal, possessor of the animal or owner of the premises on which the animal is kept to obtain and maintain liability insurance in the amount of $100,000.00 and to furnish a certificate or proof of insurance by which the division shall be notified at least 30 calendar days prior to cancellation or nonrenewal;

• B. Requirements as to the size, construction, and design of a structured enclosure for the animal;

• C. Location of the animal's residence including prior notice of plans to move the animal to another location or to a location outside of the city, and obtaining approval from the county of Riverside and the city to do so after proper notification of animal regulation in the new jurisdiction;

• D. Requirements as to type and method of restraints for the animal; including but not limited to leashes, muzzles and confinement in a kennel or other facility;

• E. Photo identification or permanent marking of the animal for purposes of identification;

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City of Palm Desert, CA

ANIMALS

§ 6.18.040

§ 6.18.060

• F. A requirement to obtain a dangerous animal registration and/or requiring a tattoo or microchip noting the declaration and registration with Riverside County Department of Animal Services;

• G. A requirement to spay or neuter the animal;

• H. Requirements to allow inspection of the animal and its enclosure by the city, county of Riverside, or any other law enforcement agency without warrant, and to produce upon demand, proof of compliance with such requirements of this section; as may be applicable;

• I. Obtaining written permission to keep the animal on certain specified premises from the landlord/owner, in the event that the owner/custodian of the dangerous animal is a tenant or occupant on real property where the animal is being kept;

• J. Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of an infraction or misdemeanor, if charged.

• (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

It is unlawful for the owner or person in charge of any animal that has been found to be a potentially dangerous animal, dangerous animal or vicious animal to fail, neglect or to refuse to keep posted in a conspicuous place at or near the entrance to the premises on or within which any dog or animal is kept, a sign having letters at least two inches in width and two inches in height and reading "Beware of vicious dog" or "Beware of vicious animal," as may be appropriate. (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

• A. The owner and/or custodian of an animal that is on restriction as above provided and who moves the animal(s), or otherwise transfers the ownership, custody or location of the animals(s), shall, at least 15 days prior to the actual transfer or removal of the animal, notify the city and county of Riverside in writing of the name, address and telephone number of the proposed, new owner or custodian, and/or the proposed, new location of the animal, and the name and description of the animal(s). The city and/or county of Riverside may prohibit the proposed relocation for cause.

• B. The owner and/or custodian shall, in addition to the above, notify any new owner or custodian in writing regarding the details of the animal's record, and the terms and conditions for confinement and control of the animal. The transferring owner and/or custodian shall also provide the division with a copy of the notification to the new owner or custodian containing an acknowledgment by the new owner or custodian of his or her receipt of the original notification and acceptance of the terms and conditions. The city and/ or county of Riverside may impose different or additional restrictions or conditions upon the new owner or custodian.

• C. If the animal should die, the owner and/or custodian shall notify the city and/or county of Riverside no later than 24 hours thereafter and, upon request, from the county of Riverside shall produce the animal(s) for verification. If the animal escapes, the owner and/or custodian shall immediately notify the county of Riverside and make every reasonable effort to recapture the escaped animal.

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City of Palm Desert, CA

PALM DESERT CODE

§ 6.18.060

§ 6.18.100

• D. An animal that has been declared dangerous or vicious in any legal hearing, as a result of aggressive behavior, outside the confines of the city, may not be relocated in the city.

• E. Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of an infraction or misdemeanor, if charged.

• (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

It is unlawful for a person to have the custody of or own or possess an animal that is restricted as above provided, unless the animal continues to be restrained or confined to prevent it from being at large or from causing damage to any property or injury to any person or other animal. Any person who violates any imposed restriction is guilty of a misdemeanor. (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

The owner and/or custodian of any animal on restriction who is in violation of Section 6.18.070 shall surrender such animal to the Riverside County Department of Animal Services upon demand.

(Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

This chapter does not apply to dogs while utilized by any police department or any law enforcement officer in the performance of police work. (Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

Nothing in this chapter shall prevent the city or any other party from commencing and maintaining court proceedings for the restriction or destruction of any animal as authorized under Food and Agricultural Code Section 31601 et seq.

(Ord. 1437, 12/11/2025)

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City of Palm Desert, CA

ANIMALS

§ 6.20.010

§ 6.20.050

CHAPTER 6.20 IMPOUNDMENT