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Palo Alto · Building on your lot

Building on your lot in Palo Alto

Palo Alto sets fence heights by distance from the street, with higher limits on University Avenue and next to railroads, industrial or commercial areas. At street intersections, fences are limited to 3 feet within a visibility triangle.

Key points

  • Fence heights: Fences: at most 4 feet in the street setback; beyond it, 6 feet in street yards, 7 in interior side and rear yards.
  • Accessory height: Accessory buildings in a required interior yard are limited to 12 feet, under a daylight plane starting at 8 feet at the property line.
  • Home business size: A home occupation may use at most 25 percent of the dwelling's floor area or 500 square feet, whichever is less; no outside employees.

Each rule below is marked Palo Alto code or CA state law and links to the section it comes from (checked October 2026). General information, not legal advice.

Fences and walls

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Corner visibility
  • No more than 3 feet above curb grade in the corner triangle reaching 35 feet along each curb line.
    Applies: For fences, walls or similar structures at the intersection of streets used by vehicles.
    § 16.24.040 · code text
    A fence, wall or structure in the nature of a fence located at the intersection of any street improved for vehicular traffic, shall not exceed three feet in height above the adjacent curb grade, within a triangular area formed by the curblines, and their projection, and a line connecting them at points thirty-five feet from the intersection of the projected curblines.
Height anywhere on the lot
  • Up to 4 feet.
    Applies: For fences, walls or similar structures between the street setback line and the lot line, unless another rule applies.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    A fence, wall, or other structure in the nature of a fence located between the street setback line and the lot line, shall be permitted up to four feet in height, except as otherwise provided in this chapter.
  • Up to 6 feet.
    Applies: In front and street side yard setbacks of homes facing University Avenue, between Middlefield Road and the eastern city limit.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    A fence, wall or other structure in the nature of a fence, up to six feet in height, except as otherwise provided in Section 16.24.040, may be located within the front and street side yard setbacks on residential property having street frontage on University Avenue, between Middlefield Road and the eastern city limit
  • Posts or columns up to 7 feet high.
    Applies: Structural and decorative posts on University Avenue fences, no more than 18 inches wide and at least 6 feet apart center to center.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    Structural and decorative posts or columns, not exceeding seven feet in height or eighteen inches in width, and spaced no closer than six feet apart, from center to center, shall be permitted;
  • Up to 10 feet.
    Applies: Rear of single-family sites by San Francisquito Creek fronting Edgewood Drive, if the flood-control easement area is reconfigured after January 1, 2002.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    A fence or wall up to ten feet in height may be located at the rear of any single family residential site adjacent to San Francisquito Creek and fronting on Edgewood Drive if the portion of the site subject to a permanent easement in favor of the Santa Clara Valley Water District (or its successor in interest) for flood control purposes is reconfigured after January 1, 2002.
  • No more than 8 feet, of solid board or similar material.
    Applies: Where homes border frontage roads, railroad rights-of-way, industrial or commercial areas, or public property other than a street.
    § 16.24.050 · code text
    Where residential properties abut frontage roads, railroad rights-of-way, industrial or commercial areas, or public property other than a public street, fences of solid board or similar materials may be constructed to a height not to exceed eight feet.
Front yard height
  • No more than 6 feet.
    Applies: Behind the street setback line in a front yard or other street side yard.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    A fence, wall, or other structure in the nature of a fence, located beyond the street setback line in a front yard or other street side yard shall not exceed six feet in height
Side and rear yard height
  • No more than 7 feet.
    Applies: Behind the street setback line in an interior side yard or rear yard.
    § 16.24.020 · code text
    A fence, wall or other structure in the nature of a fence, located beyond the street setback line in an interior side yard or rear yard, shall not exceed seven feet in height

Sheds, garages and other accessory structures

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Maximum height
  • No more than 12 feet.
    Applies: Accessory buildings in a required interior yard, residential zones. A daylight plane starts at 8 feet at the line, rising 3 feet per 10 feet.
    § 18.40.050 · code text
    Accessory buildings located within a required interior yard as permitted by this section shall be subject to a maximum height established by a daylight plane beginning at a height of eight feet at the property line and increasing at a slope of three feet for each ten feet of distance from the property line, to a maximum height of twelve feet.
Side and rear setback
  • Allowed in a required interior side or rear yard only if at least 75 feet from any street line.
    Applies: Residential zones, measured along the lot line. Never in a required front yard, street yard, or rear yard of a through lot.
    § 18.40.050 · code text
    An accessory building shall not be located in a required interior side or rear yard unless the building is at least seventy-five feet from any street line, measured along the respective lot line.

Running a business from home

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Space used
  • No more than 25% of the home's gross floor area or 500 square feet on the site, whichever is less.
    Applies: The 500 square feet includes accessory buildings.
    § 18.42.060 · code text
    Not more than twenty-five percent of the gross floor area of the dwelling unit, or five hundred square feet of gross floor area on the site including accessory buildings, whichever is less, shall be devoted to the home occupation.
Employees
  • Only lawful occupants of the home may be employed on the site.
    § 18.42.060 · code text
    No person shall be employed on the site in connection with the home occupation except lawful occupants of the dwelling unit within which the home occupation is conducted.

Lot splits under SB 9

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
How the lot may be divided
  • Lots of about equal area; none smaller than 40% of the original lot.
    Applies: Applies to urban lot splits.
    § 21.10.040 · code text
    The lots created by an Urban Lot Split must be of approximately equal area, such that no resulting parcel shall be smaller than 40 percent of the lot area of the original parcel proposed for subdivision.
Minimum new lot size
  • At least 1,200 square feet.
    § 21.10.040 · code text
    The minimum size for a parcel created by an Urban Lot Split is 1,200 square feet.
Standards
  • No new lot line may cut through a structure or leave more than 2 units on a resulting parcel.
    Applies: Applies where existing homes on the property will remain.
    § 21.10.040 · code text
    Where existing dwelling units on the property are to remain, no lot line may be created under this Chapter in a manner that would bisect any structure or that would result in more than two dwelling units on any resulting parcel.
  • No more than 2 dwelling units per lot.
    § 21.10.050 · code text
    That no more than two dwelling units may be permitted on each lot.
Owner occupancy
  • Owner affidavit: live in one unit as principal residence for at least 3 years from parcel map recording.
    Applies: Applies to urban lot splits.
    § 21.10.050 · code text
    The owner intends to occupy one of the housing units located on a lot created by the parcel map as their principal residence for a minimum of three years from the date of the recording of the parcel map.

Solar panels and EV chargers

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Solar permit process
  • Fast review is available; one combined inspection is required.
    Applies: Applies to small rooftop home solar systems eligible for fast review.
    § 16.63.060 · code text
    For a small residential rooftop solar energy system eligible for expedited review, only one consolidated inspection shall be required, which shall be done in a timely manner.

Tree removal

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Exemptions
  • Dead, diseased or broken branches may be pruned without the 7-day notice.
    Applies: An exemption from the 7-day posted notice before pruning a protected tree.
    § 8.10.070 · code text
    At least seven days prior to pruning a protected tree, other than that required to remove a dead, diseased, or broken branch or branches, the property owner or their designee shall prominently post a notice on the property
  • Protected trees under 5 years old are exempt from the pruning notice.
    Applies: An exemption from the 7-day posted notice before pruning a protected tree.
    § 8.10.070 · code text
    Protected trees less than five years old are exempt from this provision.
Permit to remove
  • Yes, a protected tree removal permit is required.
    Applies: Applies to any protected tree; outside R-1, RE, R-2 or RMD zones, staff architectural review may approve removal without development.
    § 8.10.050 · code text
    It shall be a violation of this chapter for anyone to remove or cause to be removed a protected tree, except pursuant to a protected tree removal permit issued under Section 8.10.140 consistent with the following:

Swimming pools

Palo Alto code What Palo Alto's code adds
Pool barrier
  • The gap from the ground to the bottom of the enclosure is at most 2 inches (51 mm).
    Applies: Applies to enclosures for private pools.
    § 16.18.150 · code text
    A maximum vertical clearance from the ground to the bottom of the enclosure of two inches (51 mm).
  • Gaps must not let a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) or wider pass through.
    Applies: Applies to enclosures for private pools.
    § 16.18.150 · code text
    Gaps or voids, if any, do not allow passage of a sphere equal to or greater than four inches (102 mm) in diameter.
  • The outside must have no bumps, holes or features that could help a child under 5 climb over.
    Applies: Applies to enclosures for private pools.
    § 16.18.150 · code text
    An outside surface free of protrusions, cavities or other physical characteristics that would serve as handholds or footholds that could enable a child below the age of five years to climb over.
  • At least 2 of 7 drowning safety features, such as enclosure, mesh fence, safety cover, exit alarms or self-closing doors.
    Applies: Applies with a permit for a new or remodeled pool or spa at a private single-family home.
    § 16.18.140 · code text
    Whenever a building permit is issued for construction of a new swimming pool or spa, or any building permit is issued for remodeling of an existing pool or spa, at a private, single-family home, it shall be equipped with at least two of the following seven drowning prevention safety features:
Barrier height
  • At least 60 inches (1,524 mm) tall.
    Applies: Applies to enclosures for private pools.
    § 16.18.150 · code text
    A minimum height of 60 inches (1,524 mm).
Equipment and alarms
  • Exit alarms on doors and windows opening directly to the pool must sound continuously or give spoken warnings when open.
    Applies: Applies to private single-family homes that use the exit-alarm safety feature.
    § 16.18.140 · code text
    Whenever any door or window is opened or left ajar, exit alarms shall make either an audible, continuous alarm sound or a repeating verbal warning, such as a repeating notification that “the door to the pool is open.”
Gates
  • Gates open away from the pool and self-close, with a self-latch at least 60 inches (1,524 mm) above ground.
    Applies: Applies to access gates through private pool enclosures.
    § 16.18.150 · code text
    Any access gates through the enclosure open away from the swimming pool and are self-closing with a self-latching device placed no lower than 60 inches (1,524 mm) above the ground.

Pets, chickens and bees

Palo Alto code Yes; no more than 2 hives. Yes, with a permit from the animal center superintendent.

All 9 Palo Alto rules on pets, chickens and bees, with the code text and the state law underneath →

Other Palo Alto rules on this

Palo Alto's code also has these chapters. We have not summarized their values on this page yet; read them in the library.

Who this affects

HomeownersContractorsDesigners

Frequently asked questions

How tall can a fence be in Palo Alto?

Fences: at most 4 feet in the street setback; beyond it, 6 feet in street yards, 7 in interior side and rear yards.

How big can a shed or accessory building be in Palo Alto?

Accessory buildings in a required interior yard are limited to 12 feet, under a daylight plane starting at 8 feet at the property line.

Can I run a business from my home in Palo Alto?

A home occupation may use at most 25 percent of the dwelling's floor area or 500 square feet, whichever is less; no outside employees.

Can I split my lot under SB 9 in Palo Alto?

Palo Alto's code: Lots of about equal area; none smaller than 40% of the original lot. (Applies to urban lot splits.) (§ 21.10.040); At least 1,200 square feet. (§ 21.10.040).

Do I need a permit for solar panels or an EV charger in Palo Alto?

Palo Alto's code: Fast review is available; one combined inspection is required. (Applies to small rooftop home solar systems eligible for fast review.) (§ 16.63.060).

Do I need a permit to remove a tree in Palo Alto?

Palo Alto's code: Dead, diseased or broken branches may be pruned without the 7-day notice. (An exemption from the 7-day posted notice before pruning a protected tree.) (§ 8.10.070); Protected trees under 5 years old are exempt from the pruning notice. (An exemption from the 7-day posted notice before pruning a protected tree.) (§ 8.10.070).

What are the pool fence and setback rules in Palo Alto?

Palo Alto's code: The gap from the ground to the bottom of the enclosure is at most 2 inches (51 mm). (Applies to enclosures for private pools.) (§ 16.18.150); Gaps must not let a sphere 4 inches (102 mm) or wider pass through. (Applies to enclosures for private pools.) (§ 16.18.150).

General information, not legal advice.

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