CFC · California Fire Code

Are open flames and smoking allowed in aircraft hangars?

Hangars must be kept free of open flames and ignition sources unless the AHJ specifically approves a location; nothing producing an open flame may be within 50 feet of fueling operations, and smoking is banned in hangars during painting, cleaning or fueling (see §§2003.1 and 2003.2) .

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

Open flames, flame-producing devices and other ignition sources are not permitted in a hangar, except in approved locations or when they are not within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of an aircraft-fueling operation — § 2003.1 . Smoking is prohibited in aircraft hangars and in aircraft operation areas when those areas are used for cleaning, paint removal, painting operations or fueling; “No Smoking” signs are required — § 2003.2 . The code allows designated and approved smoking areas as an exception to § 2003.2 .

The single most important rule: open flames and other ignition sources are banned in hangars except in approved locations — and nothing that produces an open flame is allowed within 50 feet of fueling operations (§ 2003.1) .

Requirements in detail

Key prohibitions (plain-English)

  • No open flames, flame-producing devices or other sources of ignition in a hangar except where explicitly approved — § 2003.1 .
  • No smoking in aircraft hangars that are used for cleaning, paint removal, painting or fueling; No Smoking signs must be posted per Section 310 — § 2003.2 .
  • The code explicitly preserves one exception: designated and approved smoking areas may be used where authorized — § 2003.2 (Exception) .

Decision table — what to check (straight to the numbers)

Decision dimension What the code says (short) Code Reference
Open flames inside hangar Prohibited except in approved locations § 2003.1
Distance to fueling operations Open flames and ignition sources prohibited within 50 ft (15 240 mm) of fueling § 2003.1
Smoking inside hangar Prohibited in hangars used for cleaning, painting or fueling § 2003.2
Signage requirement “No Smoking” signs required in accordance with Section 310 § 2003.2
Exception for smoking Allowed only in designated and approved areas § 2003.2 (Exception)
Repairs using open flame Repairs requiring open flames or heating above 500°F (260°C) must be outdoors or in a Group F‑1 area per CBC § 2004.6
Open flames near fueling operations (additional) Open‑flame devices prohibited within 50 ft of any aircraft fuel‑servicing operation; matches/lighters prohibited on fueling personnel/equipment § 2006.15, § 2006.15.2

How the thresholds work

  • The 50‑foot (15 240 mm) distance is measured from the fueling operation. If an open flame or ignition source is located inside that radius it is prohibited — § 2003.1 and related fueling rules § 2006.15 file.
  • “Approved locations” where open flames are allowed must be specifically approved by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) under the code language in § 2003.1 .

Exceptions & special cases

  • Designated, approved smoking areas are the explicit exception to the smoking prohibition — § 2003.2 (Exception) . The AHJ may set conditions for those areas (location, separation, signage).
  • Repairs or maintenance that require open flames or heating above 500°F (260°C): these operations are restricted to outdoor work or to areas built to Group F‑1 occupancy standards in the Building Code — § 2004.6 .
  • Fuel transfer is tightly regulated: indoor aircraft fuel‑transfer operations are generally prohibited unless the hangar meets specific Building Code (Group F‑1) conditions or the fuel has a flash point > 100°F (37.8°C) — see § 2006.17 for permitted exceptions .
  • During fueling, personnel may not carry matches or lighters on their person and such devices are prohibited on fueling equipment — § 2006.15.2 .

Common mistakes

  • Assuming “no open flames” allows small torches or Bunsen burners without AHJ approval — any open‑flame device is covered unless specifically approved (§ 2003.1) .
  • Measuring the 50‑foot clearance from the wrong reference point — the clearance is from the fueling operation (fueling equipment / transfer point), not simply from the aircraft nose or hangar door (§ 2003.1, § 2006.15) file.
  • Forgetting that smoking prohibitions apply to specific operations (cleaning, paint removal, painting, fueling) — smoking could be allowed in other non‑hazardous areas only if they are designated and approved (§ 2003.2) .
  • Allowing personnel to carry matches or lighters during fuel‑servicing operations — explicitly prohibited for fueling personnel and equipment (§ 2006.15.2) .
  • Overlooking signage requirements — “No Smoking” signs must be posted per the code (Section 310 referenced by § 2003.2) .

Worked example — concrete scenario with numbers

Scenario: A small corporate hangar contains an aircraft undergoing painting and a separate small maintenance bench where a technician wishes to use a portable propane torch located 30 feet from the aircraft fueling cart parked for routine servicing.

Apply the code:

  • Painting is a covered operation under § 2003.2, so smoking is prohibited in the hangar while painting is occurring; “No Smoking” signs must be posted — § 2003.2 .
  • The portable propane torch is an open‑flame device. § 2003.1 prohibits open flames in a hangar except in approved locations and also prohibits them within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of an aircraft‑fueling operation. Because the torch is 30 feet from the fueling cart, it violates the 50‑foot fuel‑clearance restriction and therefore must not be used there — § 2003.1 and § 2006.15 file.
  • Correct course: move any open‑flame work outdoors or to an AHJ‑approved location, pause fueling until the torch is removed, or perform heating operations in an approved engine‑test area or Group F‑1 area per § 2004.6 if applicable — § 2004.6, § 2003.1 file.

Related provisions (useful cross‑references)

  • § 2003.1 — Sources of ignition; open flames and the 50 ft distance rule
  • § 2003.2 — Smoking prohibited in hangars used for cleaning, painting or fueling; signage requirement and exception for approved smoking areas
  • § 2003.3 — Housekeeping: keep AOA and related areas free from combustible debris (helps reduce ignition risk)
  • § 2004.6 — Restrictions on open‑flame repairs; heating above 500°F (260°C) must be outdoors or in approved F‑1 area
  • § 2006.15 and § 2006.15.2 — Open flames and matches/lighters prohibited within 50 ft of fuel‑servicing; matches/lighters prohibited on fueling personnel/equipment
  • § 2006.17 — Fuel‑transfer locations (indoor fueling generally prohibited unless specific criteria are met)
  • § 2005.1–2005.6 — Portable fire extinguisher requirements for aircraft service and hangar operations (ready access to appropriate extinguishers)

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 1.11. High relevance — show source text
    • The California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 19, Division 1 provisions that are found in the California Fire Code are a reprint from the current CCR, Title 19, Division 1 text for the code user’s convenience only. The scope, applicability and appeals procedures of CCR, Title 19, Division I remain the same. The state agency does not adopt sections identified by the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.

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    PART IV— SPECIAL OCCUPANCIES AND OPERATIONS

    20 AVIATION FACILITIES

    User notes:

    About this chapter : Chapter 20 specifies minimum requirements for the fire-safe operation of airports, heliports and helistops. The principal nonflight operational hazards associated with aviation involve fuel, facilities and operations. Therefore, safe use of flammable and combustible liquids during fueling and maintenance operations is emphasized. Availability of portable Class B:C-rated fire extinguishers for prompt control or suppression of incipient fires is required.

    SECTION 2001—GENERAL

    2001.1 Scope. Airports, heliports, helistops and aircraft hangars shall be in accordance with this chapter.

    2001.2 Regulations not covered. Regulations not specifically contained herein pertaining to airports, aircraft maintenance, aircraft hangars and appurtenant operations shall be in accordance with nationally recognized standards.

    2001.3 Permits. For permits to operate aircraft-refueling vehicles, application of flammable or combustible finishes and hot work, see Section 105.5.

    SECTION 2002—DEFINITIONS

    2002.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

    AIRCRAFT OPERATION AREA (AOA).

    AIRPORT.

    HELIPORT.

    HELISTOP.

    SECTION 2003—GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

    2003.1 Sources of ignition. Open flames, flame-producing devices and other sources of ignition shall not be permitted in a hangar, except in approved locations or in any location within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of an aircraft-fueling operation.

    2003.2 Smoking. Smoking shall be prohibited in aircraft-refueling vehicles, aircraft hangars and aircraft operation areas used for cleaning, paint removal, painting operations or fueling. “No Smoking” signs shall be provided in accordance with Section 310.

    Exception: Designated and approved smoking areas.

    2003.3 Housekeeping. The aircraft operation area (AOA) and related areas shall be kept free from combustible debris at all times.

    2003.4 Fire department access. Fire apparatus access roads shall be provided and maintained in accordance with Chapter 5. Fire apparatus access roads and aircraft parking positions shall be designed in a manner so as to preclude the possibility of fire vehicles traveling under any portion of a parked aircraft.

    2003.5 Dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids. The dispensing, transferring and storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 57. Aircraft motor vehicle fuel-dispensing facilities shall be in accordance with Chapter 23.

  • CFC § 2001.3 High relevance — show source text

    2001.3 Permits. For permits to operate aircraft-refueling vehicles, application of flammable or combustible finishes and hot work, see Section 105.5.

    SECTION 2002—DEFINITIONS

    2002.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

    AIRCRAFT OPERATION AREA (AOA).

    AIRPORT.

    HELIPORT.

    HELISTOP.

    SECTION 2003—GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

    2003.1 Sources of ignition. Open flames, flame-producing devices and other sources of ignition shall not be permitted in a hangar, except in approved locations or in any location within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of an aircraft-fueling operation.

    2003.2 Smoking. Smoking shall be prohibited in aircraft-refueling vehicles, aircraft hangars and aircraft operation areas used for cleaning, paint removal, painting operations or fueling. “No Smoking” signs shall be provided in accordance with Section 310.

    Exception: Designated and approved smoking areas.

    2003.3 Housekeeping. The aircraft operation area (AOA) and related areas shall be kept free from combustible debris at all times.

    2003.4 Fire department access. Fire apparatus access roads shall be provided and maintained in accordance with Chapter 5. Fire apparatus access roads and aircraft parking positions shall be designed in a manner so as to preclude the possibility of fire vehicles traveling under any portion of a parked aircraft.

    2003.5 Dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids. The dispensing, transferring and storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 57. Aircraft motor vehicle fuel-dispensing facilities shall be in accordance with Chapter 23.

    2003.6 Combustible storage. Combustible materials stored in aircraft hangars shall be stored in approved locations and containers.

    2003.7 Hazardous material storage. Hazardous materials shall be stored in accordance with Chapter 50.

    SECTION 2004—AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE

    2004.1 Transferring flammable and combustible liquids. Flammable and combustible liquids shall not be dispensed into or removed from a container, tank, vehicle or aircraft except in approved locations.

    2004.2 Application of flammable and combustible liquid finishes. The application of flammable or Class II combustible liquid finishes is prohibited unless both of the following conditions are met:

    1. The application of the liquid finish is accomplished in an approved location.
    2. The application methods and procedures are in accordance with Chapter 24.

    2004.3 Cleaning parts. Class IA flammable liquids shall not be used to clean aircraft, aircraft parts or aircraft engines. Cleaning with other flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.

    2004.4 Spills. Sections 2004.4.1 through 2004.4.3 shall apply to spills of flammable and combustible liquids and other hazardous materials. Fuel spill control shall also comply with Section 2006.11.

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    AVIATION FACILITIES

    2004.4.1 Cessation of work. Activities in the affected area not related to the mitigation of the spill shall cease until the spilled material has been removed or the hazard has been mitigated.

  • CFC § 2006.6.3 High relevance — show source text

    2006.6.3 Determining cause. Prior to reestablishment of normal fuel flow, the cause of fuel shutoff conditions shall be determined and corrected.

    2006.6.4 Testing. Emergency fuel shutoff devices shall be operationally tested at intervals not exceeding three months. The fueling-system operator shall maintain testing records.

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    AVIATION FACILITIES

    2006.7 Protection of hoses. Before an aircraft-fueling vehicle is moved, fuel-transfer hoses shall be properly placed on the approved reel or in the compartment provided, or stored on the top decking of the fueling vehicle if proper height rail is provided for security and protection of such equipment. Fuel-transfer hose shall not be looped or draped over any part of the fueling vehicle, except as herein provided. Fuel-transfer hose shall not be dragged when such fueling vehicle is moved from one fueling position to another.

    2006.8 Loading and unloading. Aircraft-fueling vehicles shall be loaded only at an approved loading rack. Such loading racks shall be in accordance with Section 5706.5.1.12.

    Exceptions:

    1. Aircraft-refueling units are allowed to be loaded from the fuel tanks of an aircraft during defueling operations.
    2. Fuel transfer between tank vehicles is allowed to be performed in accordance with Section 5706.6 where the operation is not less than 200 feet (60 960 mm) from an aircraft.

    The fuel cargo of such units shall be unloaded only by approved transfer apparatus into the fuel tanks of aircraft, underground storage tanks or approved gravity storage tanks.

    2006.9 Passengers. Passenger traffic is allowed during the time fuel-transfer operations are in progress, provided that the following provisions are strictly enforced by the owner of the aircraft or the owner’s authorized employee:

    1. Smoking and producing an open flame in the cabin of the aircraft or the outside thereof within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of such aircraft shall be prohibited.

    A qualified employee of the aircraft owner shall be responsible for seeing that the passengers are not allowed to smoke when remaining aboard the aircraft or while going across the ramp from the gate to such aircraft, or vice versa. 2. Passengers shall not be permitted to linger about the plane, but shall proceed directly between the loading gate and the aircraft.

    1. Passenger loading stands or walkways shall be left in loading position until all fuel-transfer operations are completed.
    2. Fuel-transfer operations shall not be performed on the main exit side of any aircraft containing passengers except when the owner of such aircraft or a capable and qualified employee of such owner remains inside the aircraft to direct and assist the escape of such passengers through regular and emergency exits in the event fire should occur during fuel-transfer operations.

    2006.10 Sources of ignition. Smoking and producing open flames within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of a point where fuel is being transferred shall be prohibited. Electrical and motor-driven devices shall not be connected to or disconnected from an aircraft at any time fueling operations are in progress on such aircraft.

    2006.11 Fuel spill prevention and procedures. Fuel spill prevention and the procedures for handling spills shall comply with Sections 2006.11.1 through 2006.11.7.

    2006.11.1 Fuel-servicing equipment maintenance. Aircraft fuel-servicing equipment shall be maintained and kept free from leaks. Fuel-servicing equipment that malfunctions or leaks shall not be continued in service.

  • CFC § 2804.1 High relevance — show source text

    Facilities 2804.1, 2808.1 Aircraft Defueling 2006.5, 2006.18 Fueling 2006 Hangars 914.8.3 Maintenance 2004 Aircraft Motor-Vehicle Fuel-Dispensing Facility 2006.1, 2301.1 Defined 202 Aircraft Operation Area (AOA) Defined 202 Housekeeping in 2003.3 Smoking prohibited 2003.2 Aircraft-Related Occupancies, Fire Protection for 914.8 Air-Inflated Structures (see Tents and Other Membrane Structures) Defined 202

    Permit 105.5.51 Airport Defined 202 Airport Traffic Control Towers 907.2.22, 914.8.1, 914.8.2

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    INDEX

    Refrigerant 608.13.4 Treatment system 608.13.5 Ammonium Nitrate 5601.1.5

    Defined 202 Ammunition, Small Arms 202, 5606 Storage and handling 105.5.16, 5601.2.1, 5604 Amusement Building, Special (see Special Amusement Building) Amusement Park Structures (Assembly, Group A-5) Defined 202

    Annunciator

    Defined 202

    Appeals, Board of 112, Appendix A Appliances 608.8 Chimneys 605.2.1 Commercial kitchen hoods 606 Cooking 5705.3.3 Fuel-fired 605

    Gas piping connection 606.4 Heating 605.5, 4102.1, 5705.3.3 Heat-producing 2301.6 Lighting 5705.3.3 Unsafe 605.2 Applicability (of the code) 102 Approved Agency 202 Additive manufacturing 319.3.2 Combustible decorative materials

    807.3 Evaluation report 104.2.3.6.1 Fire-retardant treatment 806.1.4

    Inspection report 109.2 Interior floor finish 804.3.2

    Labels 805.1.1.3, 805.1.2.3, 805.2.2.3, 805.3.1.3, 805.3.2.3, 805.4.1.3,

  • CFC § 319.2 High relevance — show source text

    Nonindustrial 319.2

    Permits 105.5.1

    Address Number (see Premises Identification) Administration

    Alternative methods and materials

    104.2.3, 501.4 Applicability 102 Approval 104.7.1, 401.2, 2307.2, 2308.2, 3103.2, 5706.4.7.1 Approved materials and equipment 104.9

    INDEX

    Emergencies 104.11 General 101

    Inspections 104.7.2, 109 Maintenance 110 Means of appeals 112.1 Permits 104.3, 105 Right of entry 104.4 Unsafe buildings 115 Violations 113

    Aerosol Container

    Defined 202

    Glass 5101.4

    Plastic 5101.4, 5104.1.1 Aerosol Fire-Extinguishing Systems 904.13 Aerosol Product Warehouse 202, 5104.4 Aerosols Chapter 51 Aerosol cooking spray products 202 Aerosol product 202 Classification levels 5103.1 Classification of products Table 5103.1

    Defined 202 Inside storage 5104 Manufacturing facilities 5107 Nonsegregated storage 5104.3.1, Table 5104.3.1 Outside storage 5105 Permit required 105.5.2 Retail display 5106 Segregated storage 5104.3.2, Table 5104.3.2

    Agency Defined 202

    Agent Defined 202 Agricultural Building (Occupancy Group U) Defined 202

    Occupant load Table 1004.5 Agricultural Products 3703.4, 6001.1 Agro-Industrial Byproducts 2801.1 Defined 202

    Facilities 2804.1, 2808.1 Aircraft Defueling 2006.5, 2006.18 Fueling 2006 Hangars 914.8.3 Maintenance 2004 Aircraft Motor-Vehicle Fuel-Dispensing Facility 2006.1, 2301.1 Defined 202 Aircraft Operation Area (AOA) Defined 202 Housekeeping in 2003.3 Smoking prohibited 2003.2 Aircraft-Related Occupancies, Fire Protection for 914.8 Air-Inflated Structures (see Tents and Other Membrane Structures) Defined 202

    Permit 105.5.51 Airport Defined 202 Airport Traffic Control Towers 907.2.22, 914.8.1, 914.8.2

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    Refrigerant 608.13.4 Treatment system 608.13.5 Ammonium Nitrate 5601.1.5

    Defined 202 Ammunition, Small Arms 202, 5606 Storage and handling 105.5.16, 5601.2.1, 5604 Amusement Building, Special (see Special Amusement Building) Amusement Park Structures (Assembly, Group A-5) Defined 202

    Annunciator

    Defined 202

  • CFC § 2006.3.1.3 High relevance — show source text

    2006.3.1.3 Vibration isolation. Flexible connections for the purpose of eliminating vibration are allowed if the material used therein is designed, installed and maintained in an approved manner, provided that such connections do not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) in length.

    2006.3.2 Pumps. Pumps of a positive-displacement type shall be provided with a bypass relief valve set at a pressure of not more than 35 percent in excess of the normal working pressure of such unit. Such units shall be equipped and maintained with a pressure gauge on the discharge side of the pump.

    2006.3.3 Dispensing hoses and nozzles. Hoses shall be designed for the transferring of hydrocarbon liquids and shall not be any longer than necessary to provide efficient fuel-transfer operations. Hoses shall be equipped with an approved shutoff nozzle. Fuel-transfer nozzles shall be self-closing and designed to be actuated by hand pressure only. Notches and other devices shall not be used for holding a nozzle valve handle in the open position. Nozzles shall be equipped with a bonding cable complete with proper attachment for aircraft to be serviced.

    2006.3.4 Protection of electrical equipment. Electric wiring, switches, lights and other sources of ignition, where located in a compartment housing piping, pumps, air eliminators, water separators, hose reels or similar equipment, shall be enclosed in a vapor-tight housing. Electrical motors located in such a compartment shall be of a type approved for use as specified in the Cali- fornia Electrical Code .

    2006.3.5 Venting of equipment compartments. Compartments housing piping, pumps, air eliminators, water separators, hose reels and similar equipment shall be adequately ventilated at floor level or within the floor itself.

    2006.3.6 Accessory equipment. Ladders, hose reels and similar accessory equipment shall be of an approved type and constructed substantially as follows:

    1. Ladders constructed of noncombustible material are allowed to be used with or attached to aircraft-fueling vehicles, provided that the manner of attachment or use of such ladders is approved and does not constitute an additional fire or accident hazard in the operation of such fueling vehicles.
    2. Hose reels used in connection with fueling vehicles shall be constructed of noncombustible materials and shall be provided with a packing gland or other device that will preclude fuel leakage between reels and fuel manifolds.

    2006.3.7 Electrical bonding provisions. Transfer apparatus shall be metallically interconnected with tanks, chassis, axles and springs of aircraft-fueling vehicles.

    2006.3.7.1 Bonding cables. Aircraft-fueling vehicles shall be provided and maintained with a substantial heavy-duty electrical cable of sufficient length to be bonded to the aircraft to be serviced. Such cable shall be metallically connected to the transfer apparatus or chassis of the aircraft-fueling vehicle on one end and shall be provided with a suitable metal clamp on the other end, to be fixed to the aircraft.

    2006.3.7.2 Bonding cable protection. The bonding cable shall be bare or have a transparent protective sleeve and be stored on a reel or in a compartment provided for no other purpose. It shall be carried in such a manner that it will not be subjected to sharp kinks or accidental breakage under conditions of general use.

    2006.3.8 Smoking. Smoking in aircraft-fueling vehicles is prohibited. Signs to this effect shall be conspicuously posted in the driver’s compartment of all fueling vehicles.

  • CFC § 2006.12 High relevance — show source text

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    AVIATION FACILITIES

    2006.12 Aircraft engines and heaters. Operation of aircraft onboard engines and combustion heaters shall be terminated prior to commencing fuel-servicing operations and shall remain off until the fuel-servicing operation is completed.

    Exception: In an emergency, a single jet engine is allowed to be operated during fuel servicing where all of the following conditions are met:

    1. The emergency shall have resulted from an onboard failure of the aircraft’s auxiliary power unit.
    2. Restoration of auxiliary power to the aircraft by ground support services is not available.
    3. The engine to be operated is either at the rear of the aircraft or on the opposite side of the aircraft from the fuel-servicing operation.
    4. The emergency operation is in accordance with a written procedure approved by the fire code official.

    2006.13 Vehicle and equipment restrictions. During aircraft-fueling operations, only the equipment actively involved in the fueling operation is allowed within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of the aircraft being fueled. Other equipment shall be prohibited in this area until the fueling operation is complete.

    A clear space of not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be maintained between aircraft fuel-system vent openings and any part or portion of aircraft-servicing vehicles or equipment.

    Exception: Aircraft-fueling operations utilizing single-point refueling with a sealed, mechanically locked fuel line connection and the fuel is not a Class I flammable liquid.

    2006.13.1 Overwing fueling. Vehicles or equipment shall not be allowed beneath the trailing edge of the wing when aircraft fueling takes place over the wing and the aircraft fuel-system vents are located on the upper surface of the wing.

    2006.14 Electrical equipment. Electrical equipment, including but not limited to, battery chargers, ground or auxiliary power units, fans, compressors or tools, shall not be operated, nor shall they be connected or disconnected from their power source, during fuelservicing operations.

    2006.14.1 Other equipment. Electrical or other spark-producing equipment shall not be used within 10 feet (3048 mm) of fueling equipment, aircraft fill or vent points, or spill areas unless that equipment is intrinsically safe and approved for use in an explosive atmosphere.

    2006.15 Open flames. Open flames and open-flame devices are prohibited within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of any aircraft fuel-servicing operation or fueling equipment.

    2006.15.1 Other areas. The fire code official is authorized to establish other locations where open flames and open-flame devices are prohibited.

    2006.15.2 Matches and lighters. Personnel assigned to and engaged in fuel-servicing operations shall not carry matches or lighters on or about their person. Matches or lighters shall be prohibited in, on or about aircraft-fueling equipment.

    2006.16 Lightning procedures. The fire code official is authorized to require the airport authority and the fueling-system operator to establish written procedures to follow when lightning flashes are detected on or near the airport. These procedures shall establish criteria for the suspension and resumption of aircraft-fueling operations.

    2006.17 Fuel-transfer locations. Aircraft fuel-transfer operations shall be prohibited indoors.

  • CFC § 2003.6 High relevance — show source text

    2003.6 Combustible storage. Combustible materials stored in aircraft hangars shall be stored in approved locations and containers.

    2003.7 Hazardous material storage. Hazardous materials shall be stored in accordance with Chapter 50.

    SECTION 2004—AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE

    2004.1 Transferring flammable and combustible liquids. Flammable and combustible liquids shall not be dispensed into or removed from a container, tank, vehicle or aircraft except in approved locations.

    2004.2 Application of flammable and combustible liquid finishes. The application of flammable or Class II combustible liquid finishes is prohibited unless both of the following conditions are met:

    1. The application of the liquid finish is accomplished in an approved location.
    2. The application methods and procedures are in accordance with Chapter 24.

    2004.3 Cleaning parts. Class IA flammable liquids shall not be used to clean aircraft, aircraft parts or aircraft engines. Cleaning with other flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.

    2004.4 Spills. Sections 2004.4.1 through 2004.4.3 shall apply to spills of flammable and combustible liquids and other hazardous materials. Fuel spill control shall also comply with Section 2006.11.

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    2004.4.1 Cessation of work. Activities in the affected area not related to the mitigation of the spill shall cease until the spilled material has been removed or the hazard has been mitigated.

    2004.4.2 Vehicle movement. Aircraft or other vehicles shall not be moved through the spill area until the spilled material has been removed or the hazard has been mitigated.

    2004.4.3 Mitigation. Spills shall be reported, documented and mitigated in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and Section 5003.3.

    2004.5 Running engines. Aircraft engines shall not be run in aircraft hangars except in approved engine test areas.

    2004.6 Open flame. Repairing of aircraft requiring the use of open flames, spark-producing devices or the heating of parts above 500°F (260°C) shall only be done outdoors or in an area complying with the provisions of the California Building Code for a Group F-1

    occupancy.

    2004.7 Other aircraft maintenance. Maintenance, repairs, modifications, or construction performed on aircraft not addressed elsewhere in this code shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 410.

    SECTION 2005—PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

    2005.1 General. Portable fire extinguishers suitable for flammable or combustible liquid and electrical-type fires shall be provided as specified in Sections 2005.2 through 2005.6 and Section 906. Extinguishers required by this section shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with Section 906.

    2005.2 On towing vehicles. Vehicles used for towing aircraft shall be equipped with not less than one listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 20-B:C.

    2005.3 On welding apparatus. Welding apparatus shall be equipped with not less than one listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 2-A:20-B:C.

  • CFC § 2006.13.1 High relevance — show source text

    2006.13.1 Overwing fueling. Vehicles or equipment shall not be allowed beneath the trailing edge of the wing when aircraft fueling takes place over the wing and the aircraft fuel-system vents are located on the upper surface of the wing.

    2006.14 Electrical equipment. Electrical equipment, including but not limited to, battery chargers, ground or auxiliary power units, fans, compressors or tools, shall not be operated, nor shall they be connected or disconnected from their power source, during fuelservicing operations.

    2006.14.1 Other equipment. Electrical or other spark-producing equipment shall not be used within 10 feet (3048 mm) of fueling equipment, aircraft fill or vent points, or spill areas unless that equipment is intrinsically safe and approved for use in an explosive atmosphere.

    2006.15 Open flames. Open flames and open-flame devices are prohibited within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of any aircraft fuel-servicing operation or fueling equipment.

    2006.15.1 Other areas. The fire code official is authorized to establish other locations where open flames and open-flame devices are prohibited.

    2006.15.2 Matches and lighters. Personnel assigned to and engaged in fuel-servicing operations shall not carry matches or lighters on or about their person. Matches or lighters shall be prohibited in, on or about aircraft-fueling equipment.

    2006.16 Lightning procedures. The fire code official is authorized to require the airport authority and the fueling-system operator to establish written procedures to follow when lightning flashes are detected on or near the airport. These procedures shall establish criteria for the suspension and resumption of aircraft-fueling operations.

    2006.17 Fuel-transfer locations. Aircraft fuel-transfer operations shall be prohibited indoors.

    Exception: In aircraft hangars built in accordance with the provisions of the California Building Code for Group F-1 occupancies, aircraft fuel-transfer operations are allowed where either of the following conditions exist:

    1. Necessary to accomplish aircraft fuel-system maintenance operations. Such operations shall be performed in accordance with nationally recognized standards.
    2. The fuel being used has a flash point greater than 100°F (37.8°C).

    2006.17.1 Position of aircraft. Aircraft being fueled shall be positioned such that any fuel system vents and other fuel tank openings are not less than:

    1. Twenty-five feet (7620 mm) from buildings or structures other than jet bridges.
    2. Fifty feet (15 240 mm) from air intake vents for boiler, heater or incinerator rooms.

    2006.17.2 Fire equipment access. Access for fire service equipment to aircraft shall be maintained during fuel-servicing operations.

    2006.18 Defueling operations. The requirements for fueling operations contained in this section shall also apply to aircraft defueling operations. Additional procedures shall be established by the fueling-system operator to prevent overfilling of the tank vehicle used in the defueling operation.

    2006.19 Maintenance of aircraft-fueling hose. Aircraft-fueling hoses shall be maintained in accordance with Sections 2006.19.1 through 2006.19.4.

    2006.19.1 Inspections. Hoses used to fuel or defuel aircraft shall be inspected periodically to ensure their serviceability and suitability for continued service. The fuel service operator shall maintain records of all tests and inspections performed on fueling hoses. Hoses found to be defective or otherwise damaged shall be immediately removed from service.

  • CFC § 2004.4.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    2004.4.2 Vehicle movement. Aircraft or other vehicles shall not be moved through the spill area until the spilled material has been removed or the hazard has been mitigated.

    2004.4.3 Mitigation. Spills shall be reported, documented and mitigated in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and Section 5003.3.

    2004.5 Running engines. Aircraft engines shall not be run in aircraft hangars except in approved engine test areas.

    2004.6 Open flame. Repairing of aircraft requiring the use of open flames, spark-producing devices or the heating of parts above 500°F (260°C) shall only be done outdoors or in an area complying with the provisions of the California Building Code for a Group F-1

    occupancy.

    2004.7 Other aircraft maintenance. Maintenance, repairs, modifications, or construction performed on aircraft not addressed elsewhere in this code shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 410.

    SECTION 2005—PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

    2005.1 General. Portable fire extinguishers suitable for flammable or combustible liquid and electrical-type fires shall be provided as specified in Sections 2005.2 through 2005.6 and Section 906. Extinguishers required by this section shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with Section 906.

    2005.2 On towing vehicles. Vehicles used for towing aircraft shall be equipped with not less than one listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 20-B:C.

    2005.3 On welding apparatus. Welding apparatus shall be equipped with not less than one listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 2-A:20-B:C.

    2005.4 On aircraft fuel-servicing tank vehicles. Aircraft fuel-servicing tank vehicles shall be equipped with not less than two listed portable fire extinguishers complying with Section 906, each having a minimum rating of 20-B:C. A portable fire extinguisher shall be provided with ready access from either side of the vehicle.

    2005.5 On hydrant fuel-servicing vehicles. Hydrant fuel-servicing vehicles shall be equipped with not less than one listed portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 20-B:C.

    2005.6 At fuel-dispensing stations. Portable fire extinguishers at fuel-dispensing stations shall be located such that pumps or dispensers are not more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) from one such extinguisher. Fire extinguishers shall be provided as follows:

    1. Where the open-hose discharge capacity of the fueling system is not more than 200 gallons per minute (13 L/s), not less than two listed portable fire extinguishers complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 20-B:C shall be provided.
    2. Where the open-hose discharge capacity of the fueling system is more than 200 gallons per minute (13 L/s) but not more than 350 gallons per minute (22 L/s), not less than one listed wheeled extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum extinguishing rating of 80-B:C, and a minimum agent capacity of 125 pounds (57 kg), shall be provided.
  • CFC § 3703.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    SECTION 3703—GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

    3703.1 Use of combustible receptacles. Ashes, waste, rubbish or sweepings shall not be placed in wood or other combustible receptacles and shall be removed daily from the structure.

    3703.2 Vegetation. Grass or weeds shall not be allowed to accumulate at any point on the premises.

    3703.3 Clearances. A minimum clearance of 3 feet (914 mm) shall be maintained between automatic sprinklers and the top of piles.

    3703.4 Agricultural products. Hay, straw, seed cotton or similar agricultural products shall not be stored adjacent to structures or combustible materials unless a clear horizontal distance equal to the height of a pile is maintained between such storage and structures or combustible materials. Storage shall be limited to stacks of 100 tons (91 metric tons) each. Stacks shall be separated by not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) of clear space. Quantities of hay, straw, seed cotton and other agricultural products shall not be limited where stored in or near farm structures located outside closely built areas. A permit shall not be required for agricultural storage.

    3703.5 Dust collection. Where located within a building, equipment or machinery that generates or emits combustible fibers shall be provided with an approved dust-collecting and exhaust system. Such systems shall comply with Chapter 22 of this code and Section 510 of the California Mechanical Code .

    3703.6 Portable fire extinguishers. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with Section 906 as required for extra-hazard occupancy protection as indicated in Table 906.1.

    3703.7 Sources of ignition. Sources of ignition shall comply with Sections 3703.7.1 and 3703.7.2.

    3703.7.1 Smoking. Smoking shall be prohibited and “No Smoking” signs provided as follows:

    1. In rooms or areas where materials are stored or dispensed or used in open systems.
    2. Within 25 feet (7620 mm) of outdoor storage or open use areas.
    3. Facilities or areas within facilities that have been designated as totally “no smoking” shall have “No Smoking” signs placed at all entrances to the facility or area. Designated areas within such facilities where smoking is permitted either permanently or temporarily shall be identified with signs designating that smoking is permitted in these areas only.

    Signs required by this section shall be in English as a primary language or in symbols allowed by this code and shall comply with Section 310.

    3703.7.2 Open flames. Open flames and high-temperature devices shall not be used in a manner that creates a hazardous condition. High-temperature devices and those devices utilizing an open flame shall be listed for use with the materials stored or used.

    SECTION 3704—LOOSE FIBER STORAGE

    3704.1 General. Loose combustible fibers, not in suitable bales or packages and stored outdoors in the open, shall comply with Section 2808. Occupancies involving the indoor storage of loose combustible fibers in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall comply with Sections 3704.2 through 3704.6.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 37-3

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    COMBUSTIBLE FIBERS

  • CFC § 5703.6.11 Medium relevance — show source text

    Nonmetallic joints shall be approved and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Pipe joints that are dependent on the friction characteristics or resiliency of combustible materials for liquid tightness of piping shall not be used in buildings. Piping shall be secured to prevent disengagement at the fitting.

    5703.6.11 Bends. Pipe and tubing shall be bent in accordance with ASME B31.9.

    SECTION 5704—STORAGE

    5704.1 General. The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in containers and tanks shall be in accordance with this section and the applicable sections of Chapter 50.

    5704.2 Tank storage. The provisions of this section shall apply to:

    1. The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in fixed above-ground and underground tanks. Exception: Tanks connected to building heating systems installed in accordance with Section 605.4.

    57-8 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

    1. The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in fixed above-ground tanks inside of buildings. Exception: Tanks connected to building heating systems installed in accordance with Section 605.4.
    2. The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks whose capacity exceeds 660 gallons (2498 L).
    3. The installation of such tanks and portable tanks.

    5704.2.1 Change of tank contents. Tanks subject to change in contents shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.7. Prior to a change in contents, the fire code official is authorized to require testing of a tank.

    Tanks that have previously contained Class I liquids shall not be loaded with Class II or Class III liquids until such tanks and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected thereto have been completely drained and flushed.

    Exception: When approved by the Enforcing Agency, the procedures prescribed in API (API-RP-2003) Recommended Practices 2003, entitled: “Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents,” may be used for changing tank

    contents.

    5704.2.2 Use of tank vehicles and tank cars as storage tanks. Tank cars and tank vehicles shall not be used as storage tanks.

    5704.2.3 Labeling and signs. Labeling and signs for storage tanks and storage tank areas shall comply with Sections 5704.2.3.1 and 5704.2.3.2.

    5704.2.3.1 Smoking and open flame. Signs shall be posted in storage areas prohibiting open flames and smoking. Signs shall comply with Section 5703.5.

    5704.2.3.2 Label or placard. Tanks more than 100 gallons (379 L) in capacity, which are permanently installed or mounted and used for the storage of Class I, II or III liquids, shall bear a label and placard identifying the material therein. Placards shall be in accordance with NFPA 704.

    Exceptions:

    1. Tanks of 300-gallon (1136 L) capacity or less located on private property and used for heating and cooking fuels in single-family dwellings.
    2. Tanks located underground.

    5704.2.4 Sources of ignition. Smoking and open flames are prohibited in storage areas in accordance with Section 5003.7.

Frequently asked questions

Can a welder use a torch inside a hangar if they take precautions?

Not unless the AHJ approves an approved location; welding and hot work are controlled and often require permits and specific precautions. Open‑flame or spark‑producing work that creates a hazard is restricted by § 2003.1 and the hot‑work rules elsewhere in the code .

Is a marked “smoking room” inside a hangar allowed?

Only if it is a designated and approved smoking area authorized by the AHJ under the exception to § 2003.2; otherwise smoking is prohibited in the hangar during painting, cleaning, or fueling operations .

How is the 50‑foot distance measured for fueling?

The code ties the 50‑foot (15 240 mm) prohibition to the aircraft‑fueling operation (fueling equipment or transfer point). If an ignition source is within that radius it is prohibited; the fueling‑operation point is the reference for that measure per § 2003.1 and related fueling provisions § 2006.15 file.

Are matches and lighters allowed on fueling personnel?

No. Personnel assigned to fuel‑servicing operations shall not carry matches or lighters on or about their person; such devices are prohibited on fueling equipment — § 2006.15.2 .

If fuel transfer must be done inside a hangar, is there any path to compliance?

Indoor fuel transfer is generally prohibited; exceptions exist where the hangar complies with Group F‑1 provisions or the fuel has a flash point > 100°F (37.8°C) and the operation is necessary for maintenance — see § 2006.17 for the conditions and limitations .

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