CFC · California Fire Code

When are storage rooms, storage cabinets or outdoor control areas required?

If you store hazardous materials above small‑container or control‑area limits, the CFC requires you to use a dedicated storage room, an approved hazardous materials cabinet, an exhausted (ventilated) enclosure, or an approved outdoor control area — and to provide spill control/secondary containment sized for the largest spill plus fire‑water for 20 minutes. Check **§5004** for spill/containment triggers and design, **§5003.8.5** for exhausted enclosure construction/ventilation/suppression, and **§5003.11** for the retail/display exceptions in Group M and S occupancies; consult those sections in the code for the operative details.

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

The California Fire Code requires dedicated storage rooms, hazardous materials storage cabinets, or outdoor control areas when hazardous materials are stored or displayed in amounts that exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area or when the use of engineered storage methods is necessary to safely increase those quantities. The storage chapter and related rules for containment and control are in §5004; the provisions that allow special display/storage methods for retail/wholesale Group M and S occupancies point to §5003.11; and the requirements for exhausted enclosures used to increase allowable quantities are in §5003.8.5.

The single most important rule: if your containers exceed the small-container thresholds (or you want to store more than the control-area limits), you must provide approved spill control/secondary containment, or use one of the engineered options (storage room, cabinet, exhausted enclosure or outdoor control area) described in the code.

Requirements in detail

When a dedicated storage room (or equivalent) is required

  • The code treats storage of hazardous materials that exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area as subject to the storage rules of §5004; indoor storage that exceeds those control-area limits must comply with Sections 5001, 5003 and §5004.
  • Where liquids are involved, spill control and secondary containment are explicitly required when any one of the following applies (see §5004.2.1):
    • an individual vessel has a capacity of more than 55 gallons (208 L), or
    • the aggregate capacity of multiple vessels exceeds 1,000 gallons (3 785 L).

Secondary containment design (what the storage room or area must provide)

  • Secondary containment must be sized and constructed per §5004.2.2 and related subsections:
    • Containment methods may be liquid‑tight floors, sloped/recessed floors, raised or recessed sills/dikes, sumps or other engineered systems.
    • Indoor containment capacity must be designed to contain a spill from the largest vessel plus the design flow volume of fire‑protection water expected to discharge for the applicable design area — and the containment must hold that for 20 minutes.
    • Outdoor containment sizing and rainfall/groundwater considerations are addressed separately (see §5004.2.2.4).

When a hazardous materials storage cabinet is acceptable

  • For some materials and occupancies, storage in an approved hazardous materials storage cabinet (constructed/listed per code) is an allowed method to increase allowable quantities in a control area instead of a full room — the code cross‑references cabinet use as an approved increase mechanism (see the Group‑specific provisions and the footnotes to the MAQ tables).

Exhausted enclosures — when they are required or allowed

  • An exhausted enclosure (a ventilated cabinet/room) may be used to increase maximum allowable quantities per control area or to meet Chapter 60 requirements; when used it must meet §5003.8.5:
    • Be of noncombustible construction (5003.8.5.1).
    • Be provided with an exhaust ventilation system that operates at negative pressure relative to the surrounding area; ventilation for toxic gases has additional requirements (5003.8.5.2).
    • If flammable materials are used in the exhausted enclosure, it must be protected by an approved automatic fire‑extinguishing system (5003.8.5.3).

Retail/wholesale display and outdoor control areas (Group M / Group S)

  • The code allows retail/display areas in Group M and storage in Group S to exceed some MAQ limits provided the materials are displayed/stored in accordance with §5003.11 (the CFC instructs users to see §5003.11 for those special conditions). The MAQ tables and Group‑specific rules cross‑reference that section.
  • NOTE: the fuller, operative text of §5003.11 (the detailed conditions for retail/wholesale display and outdoor control areas) was not present in the retrieved file excerpts. The code repeatedly points to §5003.11 as the place to find the specific retail/display allowances, so you must consult the full §5003.11 text in the CFC for the exact display/shelving/container rules that apply to Group M and S.

Quick decision table

Decision factor Trigger/threshold (key value) Typical compliance path Code reference
Single liquid vessel capacity More than 55 gallons Provide spill control/secondary containment (room or engineered system) §5004.2.1
Aggregate liquid capacity Aggregate > 1,000 gallons Provide spill control/secondary containment (room or engineered system) §5004.2.1
Secondary containment design capacity Contain largest vessel + fire‑water design flow for 20 minutes Design containment per indoor requirements (liquid‑tight floors/sumps/etc.) §5004.2.2.3
Use of exhausted enclosures to increase MAQ When exhausted enclosure is used to increase MAQ Exhausted enclosure must be noncombustible, negatively ventilated, and protected when flammable materials present §5003.8.5.1–3
Retail/wholesale Group M / Group S exceptions When retail/wholesale display/storage seeks to exceed MAQ Follow the conditions in §5003.11 (see §5003.8.3.5 cross‑references) §5003.11 (see §5003.8.3.5)

Exceptions & special cases

  • Weather‑protected outdoor storage: an overhead noncombustible shelter does not automatically convert outdoor storage into indoor storage; the code has specific weather‑protection rules (see §5004.13 and the California Building Code cross references). If the weather protection meets the CBC requirements it may be treated as outdoor for some rules; otherwise special rules apply.
  • Retail/display increases: the CFC explicitly permits certain increases in MAQ for retail and wholesale display/storage in Group M and S occupancies — but those allowances are governed by §5003.11 (the detailed conditions must be checked in that section).
  • Materials with material‑specific chapters: many hazardous classes (corrosives, oxidizers, pyrophorics, etc.) include their own storage rules that layer on top of §5004 — always check the material chapter in addition to §5004 (the code cross‑references material‑specific limits).

Common mistakes

  • Confusing the thresholds: thinking 55 gallons is an “equal to or greater than” trigger — the code language distinguishes more than 55 gallons vs. amounts not exceeding 55 gallons; check the precise wording in §5004.2.1.
  • Assuming any canopy or overhead roof makes outdoors “indoor” — §5004.13 clarifies when weather protection changes classification.
  • Forgetting fire‑water in containment sizing — indoor secondary containment must account for both the largest spill and the design volume of fire‑protection water for the design period (20 minutes) per §5004.2.2.3.
  • Using exhausted enclosures without meeting all three requirements — noncombustible construction, negative pressure ventilation, and automatic fire‑extinguishing system (when flammables are involved) are mandatory elements of §5003.8.5.

Worked example

Scenario: a maintenance room will store six drums of solvent, each drum is 60 gallons (so each is >55 gal) for a total of 360 gallons. What is required?

  1. Threshold check: each drum is more than 55 gallons, so spill control and secondary containment are required under §5004.2.1.
  2. Containment sizing: design the indoor secondary containment to hold the spill from the largest vessel (60 gal) plus the fire‑protection water expected to discharge for the applicable system design area for 20 minutes, per §5004.2.2.3. That means the physical sump/dike must have at least the 60‑gallon capacity plus the calculated sprinkler flow × 20 minutes (calculate the sprinkler flow per the applicable sprinkler design standard and the area used for design).
  3. Construction and features: use liquid‑tight materials (liquid‑tight floor, sills or a sump), noncombustible finishes except where code permits otherwise, and provide means to detect and remove accumulations per the secondary containment monitoring requirements. See §5004.2.1–2.2.

Related provisions

  • §5004 — Storage: general storage scope, spill control and secondary containment rules (see §5004.2 and related subsections).
  • §5004.2.1 / §5004.2.2.3 — Spill control trigger values and containment design requirements.
  • §5003.8.5 — Exhausted enclosures: construction, ventilation and fire‑extinguishing requirements.
  • §5003.11 — Retail and wholesale storage/display exceptions and requirements for Group M and S occupancies (see this section for the detailed, occupancy‑based rules).
  • §5004.13 — Weather protection rules for outdoor hazardous material storage.

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 5401.1 High relevance — show source text

    contents.

    SECTION 5401—GENERAL

    5401.1 Scope. The storage and use of corrosive materials shall be in accordance with this chapter. Compressed gases shall also comply with Chapter 53.

    Exceptions:

    1. Display and storage in Group M and storage in Group S occupancies complying with Section 5003.11.
    2. Stationary storage battery systems in accordance with Section 1207.
    3. This chapter shall not apply to R-717 (ammonia) where used as a refrigerant in a refrigeration system (see Section 608).

    5401.2 Permits. Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.5.

    SECTION 5402—DEFINITION

    5402.1 Definition. The following term is defined in Chapter 2:

    CORROSIVE.

    SECTION 5403—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    5403.1 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of corrosive materials in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5401.

    5403.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 50.

    SECTION 5404—STORAGE

    5404.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(2), shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004 and this chapter.

    5404.1.1 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to the provisions of Section 5004.12, floors in storage areas for corrosive liquids shall be of liquid-tight construction.

    5404.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004 and this chapter.

    5404.2.1 Above-ground outside storage tanks. When required by Section 5004.2.2, above-ground outside storage tanks exceeding an aggregate quantity of 1,000 gallons (3785 L) of corrosive liquids shall be provided with secondary containment in accordance with Section 5004.2.2.

    5404.2.2 Distance from storage to exposures. Outdoor storage of corrosive materials shall not be within 20 feet (6096 mm) of buildings not associated with the manufacturing or distribution of such materials, lot lines, public streets, public alleys, public ways or means of egress. A 2-hour fire barrier without openings or penetrations, and extending not less than 30 inches (762 mm) above and to the sides of the storage area, is allowed in lieu of such distance. The wall shall either be an independent structure, or the exterior wall of the building adjacent to the storage area.

    SECTION 5405—USE

    5405.1 Indoor use. The indoor use of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(2) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005 and this chapter.

  • CFC § 5902.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 5902—DEFINITIONS

    5902.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

    FLAMMABLE SOLID.

    MAGNESIUM.

    SECTION 5903—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    5903.1 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of flammable solids in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5901.

    5903.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of flammable solids exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.

    SECTION 5904—STORAGE

    5904.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of flammable solids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter. 5904.1.1 Pile size limits and location. Flammable solids stored in quantities greater than 1,000 cubic feet (28 m [3] ) shall be separated into piles each not larger than 1,000 cubic feet (28 m [3] ).

    5904.1.2 Aisles. Aisle widths between piles shall be not less than the height of the piles or 4 feet (1219 mm), whichever is greater.

    5904.1.3 Basement storage. Flammable solids shall not be stored in basements .

    5904.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of flammable solids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter. Outdoor storage of magnesium shall be in accordance with Section 5906.

    5904.2.1 Distance from storage to exposures. Outdoor storage of flammable solids shall not be located within 20 feet (6096 mm) of a building, lot line, public street, public alley, public way or means of egress. A 2-hour fire barrier without openings or penetrations and extending 30 inches (762 mm) above and to the sides of the storage area is allowed in lieu of such distance. The wall shall either be an independent structure, or the exterior wall of the building adjacent to the storage area.

    5904.2.2 Pile size limits. Outdoor storage of flammable solids shall be separated into piles not larger than 5,000 cubic feet (141 m [3] ) each. Piles shall be separated by aisles with a minimum width of not less than one-half the pile height or 10 feet (3048 mm), whichever is greater.

    SECTION 5905—USE

    5905.1 General. The use of flammable solids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) or Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5005 and this chapter. The use of magnesium shall be in accordance with Section 5906.

    SECTION 5906—MAGNESIUM

  • CFC § 6603.1.2.2 High relevance — show source text
    1. The hazardous material storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

    6603.1.2.2 Group R occupancies. Class 3 and 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall not be stored or used within Group R occupancies.

    6603.1.2.3 Group M occupancies. Class 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall not be stored or used in retail sales portions of Group M occupancies.

    6603.1.2.4 Offices. Class 3 and 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall not be stored or used in offices of Group B, F, M or S occupancies.

    6603.1.2.5 Classrooms. In classrooms in Group B, F or M occupancies, any amount of Class 3 and 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall be stored in accordance with the following:

    1. Class 3 and 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall be stored in hazardous material storage cabinets complying with Section 5003.8.7.

    2. The hazardous material storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

    6603.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of unstable (reactive) materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.

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    UNSTABLE (REACTIVE) MATERIALS

    SECTION 6604—STORAGE

    6604.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of unstable (reactive) materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter.

    In addition, Class 3 and 4 unstable (reactive) detonable materials shall be stored in accordance with the California Building Code requirements for explosives.

    6604.1.1 Detached storage. Storage of unstable (reactive) materials shall be in detached buildings where required in Section 5003.8.2.

    6604.1.2 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas and buildings containing Class 3 or 4 unstable (reactive) materials shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

    6604.1.3 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to Section 5004.12, floors of storage areas for liquids and solids shall be of liquid-tight construction.

    6604.1.4 Storage configuration. Unstable (reactive) materials stored in quantities greater than 500 cubic feet (14 m [3] ) shall be separated into piles, each not larger than 500 cubic feet (14 m [3] ). Aisle width shall be not less than the height of the piles or 4 feet (1219 mm), whichever is greater.

    Exception: Materials stored in tanks.

    6604.1.5 Location in building. Unstable (reactive) materials shall not be stored in basements.

    6604.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of unstable (reactive) materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter.

  • CFC § 5404.1.1 High relevance — show source text

    5404.1.1 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to the provisions of Section 5004.12, floors in storage areas for corrosive liquids shall be of liquid-tight construction.

    5404.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004 and this chapter.

    5404.2.1 Above-ground outside storage tanks. When required by Section 5004.2.2, above-ground outside storage tanks exceeding an aggregate quantity of 1,000 gallons (3785 L) of corrosive liquids shall be provided with secondary containment in accordance with Section 5004.2.2.

    5404.2.2 Distance from storage to exposures. Outdoor storage of corrosive materials shall not be within 20 feet (6096 mm) of buildings not associated with the manufacturing or distribution of such materials, lot lines, public streets, public alleys, public ways or means of egress. A 2-hour fire barrier without openings or penetrations, and extending not less than 30 inches (762 mm) above and to the sides of the storage area, is allowed in lieu of such distance. The wall shall either be an independent structure, or the exterior wall of the building adjacent to the storage area.

    SECTION 5405—USE

    5405.1 Indoor use. The indoor use of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(2) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005 and this chapter.

    5405.1.1 Liquid transfer. Corrosive liquids shall be transferred in accordance with Section 5005.1.10.

    5405.1.2 Ventilation. Where corrosive materials are dispensed or used, mechanical exhaust ventilation in accordance with Section 5005.2.1.1 shall be provided.

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    CORROSIVE MATERIALS

    5405.2 Outdoor use. The outdoor use of corrosive materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005 and this chapter.

    5405.2.1 Distance from use to exposures. Outdoor use of corrosive materials shall be located in accordance with Section 5404.2.2.

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    CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 55 – CRYOGENIC FLUIDS

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

  • CFC § 6204.1.2 High relevance — show source text

    Not less than one main aisle with a minimum width of 8 feet shall divide the storage area.
    b. Distance to noncombustible walls is allowed to be reduced to 2 feet.
    c. See Table 6204.1.2 for maximum quantities.
    d. The distance shall be not less than one-half the pile height.|

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    ORGANIC PEROXIDES

    6204.1.8 Location in building. The storage of Class I or II organic peroxides shall be on the ground floor. Class III organic peroxides shall not be stored in basements.

    6204.1.9 Contamination. Organic peroxides shall be stored in their original DOTn shipping containers. Organic peroxides shall be stored in a manner to prevent contamination.

    6204.1.10 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas and buildings containing unclassified detonable and Class I organic peroxides shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

    6204.1.11 Standby power. Standby power shall be provided in accordance with Section 1203 for the following systems used to protect Class I and unclassified detonable organic peroxides:

    1. Exhaust ventilation system.

    2. Treatment system.

    3. Smoke detection system.

    4. Temperature control system.

    5. Fire alarm system.

    6. Emergency alarm system.

    6204.1.11.1 Fail-safe engineered systems. Standby power shall not be required for mechanical exhaust ventilation, treatment systems and temperature control systems where approved fail-safe engineered systems are installed.

    6204.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of organic peroxides in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter.

    6204.2.1 Distance from storage to exposures. Outdoor storage areas for organic peroxides shall be located in accordance with Table 6204.1.2.

    6204.2.2 Electrical wiring and equipment. In addition to the requirements of Section 5003.9.4, electrical wiring and equipment in outdoor storage areas containing unclassified detonable, Class I or Class II organic peroxides shall comply with the requirements for electrical Class I, Division 2, locations.

    6204.2.3 Maximum quantities. Maximum quantities of organic peroxides in outdoor storage shall be in accordance with Table 6204.1.2.

    6204.2.4 Storage arrangement. Storage arrangements shall be in accordance with Table 6204.1.7.

    6204.2.5 Separation. In addition to the requirements of Section 5003.9.8, outdoor storage areas for organic peroxides in amounts exceeding those specified in Table 5003.8.2 shall be located a minimum distance of 50 feet (15 240 mm) from other hazardous material storage.

    SECTION 6205—USE

    6205.1 General. The use of organic peroxides in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) or 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5005 and this chapter.

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 62-5

  • CFC § 5004.2.2.1 High relevance — show source text

    STORAGE**|INDOOR STORAGE|OUTDOOR STORAGE|OUTDOOR STORAGE| |MATERIAL|MATERIAL|Solids|Liquids|Solids|Liquids| |Pyrophorics|Pyrophorics|Not Required|Required|Not Required|Required| |Unstable (reactives)|Class 4|Required|Required|Required|Required| |Unstable (reactives)|Class 3|Class 3|Class 3|Class 3|Class 3| |Unstable (reactives)|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2| |Unstable (reactives)|Class 1|Not Required|Not Required|Not Required|Not Required| |Water reactives|Class 3|Required|Required|Required|Required| |Water reactives|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2|Class 2| |Water reactives|Class 1|Not Required|Not Required|Not Required|Not Required| |2. Health-hazard materials|2. Health-hazard materials|2. Health-hazard materials|2. Health-hazard materials|2. Health-hazard materials|2. Health-hazard materials| |Corrosives|Corrosives|Not Required|Required|Not Required|Required| |Highly toxics|Highly toxics|Required|Required|Required|Required| |Toxics|Toxics|Toxics|Toxics|Toxics|Toxics|

    5004.2.2.1 Containment and drainage methods. The building, room or area shall contain or drain the hazardous materials and fire protection water through the use of one of the following methods:

    1. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoor locations or similar areas in outdoor locations.

    2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similar areas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tight raised or recessed sills or dikes.

    3. Sumps and collection systems.

    4. Drainage systems leading to an approved location.

    5. Other approved engineered systems.

    5004.2.2.2 Incompatible materials. Incompatible materials used in open systems shall be separated from each other in the secondary containment system.

    5004.2.2.3 Indoor design. Secondary containment for indoor storage areas shall be designed to contain a spill from the largest vessel plus the design flow volume of fire protection water calculated to discharge from the fire-extinguishing system over the minimum required system design area or area of the room or area in which the storage is located, whichever is smaller. The containment capacity shall be designed to contain the flow for a period of 20 minutes.

    5004.2.2.4 Outdoor design. Secondary containment for outdoor storage areas shall be designed to contain a spill from the largest individual vessel. If the area is open to rainfall, secondary containment shall be designed to include the volume of a 24hour rainfall as determined by a 25-year storm and provisions shall be made to drain accumulations of groundwater and rainwater.

    5004.2.2.5 Monitoring. An approved monitoring method shall be provided to detect hazardous materials in the secondary containment system. The monitoring method is allowed to be visual inspection of the primary or secondary containment, or other approved means. Where secondary containment is subject to the intrusion of water, a monitoring method for detecting water shall be provided. Where monitoring devices are provided, they shall be connected to approved visual or audible alarms.

  • CFC § 5803.1.4.1 High relevance — show source text

    Exception: Fuel gas systems connected to building service utilities in accordance with the International Fuel Gas Code .

    5803.1.4.1 Static-producing equipment. Static-producing equipment located in flammable gas storage areas shall be grounded.

    5803.1.4.2 Signs. “No Smoking” signs shall be posted at entrances to rooms and in areas containing flammable gases in accordance with Section 5003.7.1.

    5803.1.5 Electrical. Electrical wiring and equipment shall be installed and maintained in accordance with Section 603 and the California Electrical Code.

    5803.1.5.1 Bonding of electrically conductive materials and equipment. Exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts, including metal gas piping systems, that are part of flammable gas supply systems located in a hazardous (electrically classified) location shall be bonded to a grounded conductor in accordance with the provisions of the California Electrical Code.

    5803.1.5.2 Static-producing equipment. Static-producing equipment located in flammable gas storage or use areas shall be grounded.

    5803.1.6 Liquefied flammable gases and flammable gases in solution. Containers of liquefied flammable gases and flammable gases in solution shall be positioned in the upright position or positioned so that the pressure relief valve is in direct contact with the vapor space of the container.

    Exceptions:

    1. Containers of flammable gases in solution with a capacity of 1.3 gallons (5 L) or less.
    2. Containers of flammable liquefied gases, with a capacity not exceeding 1.3 gallons (5 L), designed to preclude the discharge of liquid from safety relief devices.

    5803.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.

    SECTION 5804—STORAGE

    5804.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1), shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004, and this chapter.

    5804.1.1 Explosion control. Buildings or portions thereof containing flammable gases shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

    5804.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004, and this chapter.

    SECTION 5805—USE

    5805.1 General. The use of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) or 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005, and this chapter.

    SECTION 5806—FLAMMABLE CRYOGENIC FLUIDS

    5806.1 General. The storage and use of flammable cryogenic fluids shall be in accordance with Sections 5806.2 through 5806.4.8.3 and Chapter 55.

  • CFC § 6404.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 6404—STORAGE

    6404.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of pyrophoric materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004 and this chapter.

    The storage of silane gas, and gas mixtures with a silane concentration of 1.37 percent or more by volume, shall be in accordance with ANSI/CGA G-13.

    6404.1.1 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to the requirements of Section 5004.12, floors of storage areas containing pyrophoric liquids shall be of liquid-tight construction.

    6404.1.2 Pyrophoric solids and liquids. Storage of pyrophoric solids and liquids shall be limited to a maximum area of 100 square feet (9.3 m [2] ) per pile. Storage shall not exceed 5 feet (1524 mm) in height. Individual containers shall not be stacked.

    Aisles between storage piles shall be not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) in width.

    Individual tanks or containers shall not exceed 500 gallons (1893 L) in capacity.

    6404.1.3 Pyrophoric gases. Storage of pyrophoric gases shall be in detached buildings where required by Section 5003.8.2.

    6404.1.4 Separation from incompatible materials. In addition to the requirements of Section 5003.9.8, indoor storage of pyrophoric materials shall be isolated from incompatible hazardous materials by 1-hour fire barriers with openings protected in accordance with the California Building Code.

    Exception: Storage in approved hazardous materials storage cabinets constructed in accordance with Section 5003.8.7.

    6404.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of pyrophoric materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004, and this chapter.

    The storage of silane gas, and gas mixtures with a silane concentration of 1.37 percent or more by volume, shall be in accordance with ANSI/CGA G-13.

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    PYROPHORIC MATERIALS

    6404.2.1 Distance from storage to exposures. The separation of pyrophoric solids, liquids and gases from buildings, lot lines, public streets, public alleys, public ways or means of egress shall be in accordance with the following:

    1. Solids and liquids. Two times the separation required by Chapter 57 for Class IB flammable liquids.
    2. Gases. The location and maximum amount of pyrophoric gas per storage area shall be in accordance with Table 6404.2.1.

    |TABLE 6404.2.

  • CFC § 5004.11 Medium relevance — show source text

    5004.11 Clearance from combustibles. The area surrounding an outdoor storage area or tank shall be kept clear of combustible materials and vegetation for a minimum distance of 25 feet (7620 mm).

    5004.12 Noncombustible floor. Except for surfacing, floors of storage areas shall be of noncombustible construction.

    5004.13 Weather protection. Where overhead noncombustible construction is provided for sheltering outdoor hazardous material storage areas, such storage shall not be considered indoor storage where the area is constructed in accordance with the requirements for weather protection as required by the California Building Code .

    Exception: Storage of explosive materials shall be considered as indoor storage.

    5004.14 Outdoor storage location. Outdoor storage areas for hazardous materials shall be located as required by Section 5003.12 except where material-specific requirements, including requirements in referenced standards, are provided in other chapters of this code.

    SECTION 5005—USE, DISPENSING AND HANDLING

    5005.1 General. Use, dispensing and handling of hazardous materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005. Use, dispensing and handling of hazardous materials in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001 and 5003.

    5005.1.1 Separation of incompatible materials. Separation of incompatible materials shall be in accordance with Section 5003.9.8.

    5005.1.2 Noncombustible floor. Except for surfacing, floors of areas where liquid or solid hazardous materials are dispensed or used in open systems shall be of noncombustible, liquid-tight construction.

    5005.1.3 Spill control and secondary containment for hazardous material liquids. Where required by other provisions of Section 5005, spill control and secondary containment shall be provided for hazardous material liquids in accordance with Section 5004.2.

    5005.1.4 Limit controls. Limit controls shall be provided in accordance with Sections 5005.1.4.1 through 5005.1.4.4.

    5005.1.4.1 High-liquid-level control. Open tanks in which liquid hazardous materials are used shall be equipped with a liquid-level limit control or other means to prevent overfilling of the tank.

    5005.1.4.2 Low-liquid-level control. Approved safeguards shall be provided to prevent a low-liquid level in a tank from creating a hazardous condition, including but not limited to, overheating of a tank or its contents.

    5005.1.4.3 Temperature control. Temperature control shall be provided in accordance with Section 5004.8.1.

    5005.1.4.4 Pressure control. Pressure control shall be provided in accordance with Section 5004.8.2.

    5005.1.5 Standby or emergency power. Where mechanical ventilation, treatment systems, temperature control, manual alarm, detection or other electrically operated systems are required by this code, such systems shall be provided with emergency or standby power in accordance with Section 1203.

    5005.1.5.1 Exempt applications. Standby power for mechanical ventilation, treatment systems and temperature control systems shall not be required where an approved fail-safe engineered system is installed.

  • CFC § 5003.8.3.5.3 Medium relevance — show source text

    5003.8.3.5.3 Aerosols. The maximum quantity of aerosol products in Group M occupancy retail display areas, storage areas adjacent to retail display areas and retail storage areas shall be in accordance with Chapter 51.

    5003.8.3.5.4 Flammable gas. The aggregate quantity of Category 1B flammable gas having a burning velocity of 3.9 in/s (10 cm/s) or less stored and displayed within a single control area of a Group M occupancy, in an outdoor control area or stored in a single control area of a Group S occupancy is allowed to exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area specified in Table 5003.1.1(1) without classifying the building or use as a Group H occupancy, provided that the materials are stored and displayed in accordance with Section 5003.11.2.

    5003.8.4 Gas rooms. Where a gas room is used to increase the maximum allowable quantity per control area or provided to comply with the provisions of Chapter 60, the gas room shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.8.4.1 and 5003.8.4.2.

    5003.8.4.1 Construction. Gas rooms shall be protected with an automatic sprinkler system. Gas rooms shall be separated from the remainder of the building in accordance with the requirements of the California Building Code based on the occupancy group into which it has been classified.

    5003.8.4.2 Ventilation system. The ventilation system for gas rooms shall be designed to operate at a negative pressure in relation to the surrounding area. Highly toxic and toxic gases shall also comply with Section 6004.2.2.6. The ventilation system shall be installed in accordance with the California Mechanical Code .

    5003.8.5 Exhausted enclosures. Where an exhausted enclosure is used to increase maximum allowable quantity per control area or where the location of hazardous materials in exhausted enclosures is provided to comply with the provisions of Chapter 60, the exhausted enclosure shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.8.5.1 through 5003.8.5.3.

    5003.8.5.1 Construction. Exhausted enclosures shall be of noncombustible construction.

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    HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS

    5003.8.5.2 Ventilation. Exhausted enclosures shall be provided with an exhaust ventilation system. The ventilation system for exhausted enclosures shall be designed to operate at a negative pressure in relation to the surrounding area. Ventilation systems used for highly toxic and toxic gases shall also comply with Items 1, 2 and 3 of Section 6004.1.3. The ventilation system shall be installed in accordance with the California Mechanical Code .

    5003.8.5.3 Fire-extinguishing system. Exhausted enclosures where flammable materials are used shall be protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system in accordance with Chapter 9.

    5003.8.6 Gas cabinets. Where a gas cabinet is used to increase the maximum allowable quantity per control area or where the location of compressed gases in gas cabinets is provided to comply with the provisions of Chapter 60, the gas cabinet shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.8.6.1 through 5003.8.6.3.

  • CFC § 5803.2 Medium relevance — show source text

    5803.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.

    SECTION 5804—STORAGE

    5804.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1), shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004, and this chapter.

    5804.1.1 Explosion control. Buildings or portions thereof containing flammable gases shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

    5804.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004, and this chapter.

    SECTION 5805—USE

    5805.1 General. The use of flammable gases in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) or 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005, and this chapter.

    SECTION 5806—FLAMMABLE CRYOGENIC FLUIDS

    5806.1 General. The storage and use of flammable cryogenic fluids shall be in accordance with Sections 5806.2 through 5806.4.8.3 and Chapter 55.

    5806.2 Limitations. Storage of flammable cryogenic fluids in stationary containers outside of buildings is prohibited within the limits established by law as set forth in the fire code adoption ordinance or other regulation adopted by the jurisdiction.

    5806.3 Above-ground tanks for liquid hydrogen. Above-ground tanks for the storage of liquid hydrogen shall be in accordance with Sections 5806.3.1 through 5806.3.2.1.

    5806.3.1 Construction of the inner vessel. The inner vessel of storage tanks in liquid hydrogen service shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and shall be vacuum jacketed in accordance with Section 5806.3.2.

    5806.3.2 Construction of the vacuum jacket (outer vessel). The vacuum jacket used as an outer vessel for storage tanks in liquid hydrogen service shall be of welded steel construction designed to withstand the maximum internal and external pressure to which it will be subjected under operating conditions to include conditions of emergency pressure relief of the annular space

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    FLAMMABLE GASES AND FLAMMABLE CRYOGENIC FLUIDS

    between the inner and outer vessel. The jacket shall be designed to withstand a minimum collapsing pressure differential of 30 psi (207 kPa).

    5806.3.2.1 Vacuum-level monitoring. A connection shall be provided on the exterior of the vacuum jacket to allow measurement of the pressure within the annular space between the inner and outer vessel. The connection shall be fitted with a bellows-sealed or diaphragm-type valve equipped with a vacuum gauge tube that is shielded to protect against damage from impact.

  • CFC § 6703.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    WATER-REACTIVE MATERIAL.

    Class 3.

    Class 2.

    Class 1.

    SECTION 6703—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    6703.1 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of water-reactive solids and liquids in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 6701 and 6703.

    6703.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of water-reactive solids and liquids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.

    SECTION 6704—STORAGE

    6704.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of water-reactive solids and liquids in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1), shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter.

    6704.1.1 Detached storage. Storage of water-reactive solids and liquids shall be in detached buildings where required by Section 5003.8.2.

    6704.1.2 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to the provisions of Section 5004.12, floors in storage areas for water-reactive solids and liquids shall be of liquid-tight construction.

    6704.1.3 Waterproof room. Rooms or areas used for the storage of water-reactive solids and liquids shall be constructed in a manner that resists the penetration of water through the use of waterproof materials. Piping carrying water for other than approved automatic sprinkler systems shall not be within such rooms or areas.

    6704.1.4 Watertight containers. Where Class 3 water-reactive solids and liquids are stored in areas equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, the materials shall be stored in closed watertight containers. 6704.1.5 Storage configuration. Water-reactive solids and liquids stored in quantities greater than 500 cubic feet (14 m [3] ) shall be separated into piles, each not larger than 500 cubic feet (14 m [3] ). Aisle widths between piles shall be not less than the height of the pile or 4 feet (1219 mm), whichever is greater.

    Exception: Water-reactive solids and liquids stored in tanks.

    Class 2 water-reactive solids and liquids shall not be stored in basements unless such materials are stored in closed watertight containers or tanks.

    Class 3 water-reactive solids and liquids shall not be stored in basements.

    Class 2 or 3 water-reactive solids and liquids shall not be stored with flammable liquids.

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    WATER-REACTIVE SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

    6704.1.6 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas and buildings containing Class 2 or 3 water-reactive solids and liquids shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

    6704.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of water-reactive solids and liquids in quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5004 and this chapter.

  • CFC § 5003.13.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    5003.13.4 Other requirements. In addition to the quantity limits of this section, rooftop storage and use shall comply with other applicable requirements of this code for outdoor storage. This section applies to the exceptions identified in Section 5003.13.2.

    5003.13.5 Weather protection. Weather protection provided for sheltering rooftop storage or use shall comply with Section 414.6.1 of the California Building Code, except that there is no distance required to the building on which it is located.

    SECTION 5004—STORAGE

    5004.1 Scope. Storage of hazardous materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004. Storage of hazardous materials in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001 and

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    HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS

    1. Retail and wholesale storage and display of nonflammable solid and nonflammable and noncombustible liquid hazardous materials in Group M occupancies and Group S storage shall be in accordance with Section 5003.11.

    5004.2 Spill control and secondary containment for liquid and solid hazardous materials. Rooms, buildings or areas used for the storage of liquid or solid hazardous materials shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Sections 5004.2.1 through 5004.2.3.

    Exception: Outdoor storage of containers on approved containment pallets in accordance with Section 5004.2.3.

    5004.2.1 Spill control for hazardous material liquids. Rooms, buildings or areas used for the storage of hazardous material liquids in individual vessels having a capacity of more than 55 gallons (208 L), or in which the aggregate capacity of multiple vessels exceeds 1,000 gallons (3785 L), shall be provided with spill control to prevent the flow of liquids to adjoining areas. Floors in indoor locations and similar surfaces in outdoor locations shall be constructed to contain a spill from the largest single vessel by one of the following methods:

    1. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoor locations or similar areas in outdoor locations.

    2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similar areas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tight raised or recessed sills or dikes.

    3. Sumps and collection systems.

    4. Other approved engineered systems.

    Except for surfacing, the floors, sills, dikes, sumps and collection systems shall be constructed of noncombustible material, and the liquid-tight seal shall be compatible with the material stored. Where liquid-tight sills or dikes are provided, they are not required at perimeter openings having an open-grate trench across the opening that connects to an approved collection system.

  • CFC § 5001.6.3 Medium relevance — show source text

    5001.6.3 Facility closure plan. Where a facility closure plan is required in accordance with Section 5001.5 to terminate storage, dispensing, handling or use of hazardous materials, it shall be submitted to the fire code official not less than 30 days prior to facility closure. The plan shall demonstrate that hazardous materials that are stored, dispensed, handled or used in the facility will be transported, disposed of or reused in a manner that eliminates the need for further maintenance and any threat to public health and safety.

    SECTION 5002—DEFINITIONS

    5002.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

    BOILING POINT.

    CEILING LIMIT.

    CHEMICAL.

    CHEMICAL NAME.

    CLOSED CONTAINER.

    CONTAINER.

    CONTROL AREA.

    CYLINDER.

    DAY BOX.

    DEFLAGRATION.

    DESIGN PRESSURE.

    DETACHED BUILDING.

    DISPENSING.

    EXCESS FLOW CONTROL.

    EXHAUSTED ENCLOSURE.

    EXPLOSION.

    FLAMMABLE VAPORS OR FUMES.

    GAS CABINET.

    GAS ROOM.

    HANDLING.

    HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.

    HEALTH HAZARD.

    IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE AND HEALTH (IDLH).

    INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS.

    LIQUID.

    LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT (LEL).

    LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT (LFL).

    MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA.

    NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE (NTP).

    OUTDOOR CONTROL AREA.

    PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL).

    PESTICIDE.

    PHYSICAL HAZARD.

    PRESSURE VESSEL.

    SAFETY CAN.

    SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS).

    SECONDARY CONTAINMENT.

    SEGREGATED.

    SOLID.

    STORAGE, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.

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    HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS

    SYSTEM.

    TANK, ATMOSPHERIC.

    TANK, PORTABLE.

    TANK, STATIONARY.

    TANK VEHICLE.

    UNAUTHORIZED DISCHARGE.

    USE (MATERIAL).

    VAPOR PRESSURE.

    SECTION 5003—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

    5003.1 Scope. The storage, use and handling of all hazardous materials shall be in accordance with this section.

    5003.1.1 Maximum allowable quantity per control area. The maximum allowable quantity per control area shall be as specified in Tables 5003.1.1(1) through 5003.1.1(4).

    Exception: Medical gases utilized for patient care within patient areas of a Group I-2 occupancy when the applicable require- ments of NFPA 99 Chapter 5 and Chapter 11 have been met.

    For retail and wholesale storage and display in Group M occupancies and Group S storage, see Section 5003.11.

    |TABLE 5003.1.1(1)—MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER
    CONTROL AREA OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS POSING A PHYSICAL HAZARDa, c, i, l, m,

  • CFC § 5003.13.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    5003.13.1 Occupancy classification. Quantities of hazardous materials stored, used or handled on top of roofs or canopies shall be classified as rooftop storage or use and shall not be used to determine the occupancy classification of the building.

    5003.13.2 Maximum allowable quantity per rooftop or canopy. The storage, use and handling of hazardous materials on top of a roof or canopy shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantity set forth in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2). LP-gas storage and use shall be in accordance with Chapter 61.

    Exceptions:

    1. Pollution control, exhaust treatment and dust collection equipment.
    2. Combustible liquids complying with Chapter 57 and NFPA 30.
    3. Hydrogen storage at motor fuel-dispensing facilities in accordance with Chapter 23.
    4. Hazardous materials in closed piping systems complying with this code.
    5. Hazardous materials on top of a normally unoccupied exterior equipment platform necessary for operation of mechanical systems or industrial process equipment.
    6. Hazardous materials necessary for rooftop swimming pool or hot tub treatment systems, limited to a maximum container size of 50 gallons (189 L) or 500 pounds (227 kg) of toxic or corrosive materials, and 200 pounds (91 kg) or 20 gallons (76 L) of oxidizers.
    7. Other situations where rooftop storage or use of hazardous materials is necessary for the operation of equipment serving the building and is approved.

    5003.13.3 Story adjustment. In addition to the quantity limits in Section 5003.13.2, rooftop storage and use shall be limited to the percentage of maximum allowable quantity identified in Table 5003.8.3.2 based on the number of stories above grade of the building on which the roof is located.

    5003.13.4 Other requirements. In addition to the quantity limits of this section, rooftop storage and use shall comply with other applicable requirements of this code for outdoor storage. This section applies to the exceptions identified in Section 5003.13.2.

    5003.13.5 Weather protection. Weather protection provided for sheltering rooftop storage or use shall comply with Section 414.6.1 of the California Building Code, except that there is no distance required to the building on which it is located.

    SECTION 5004—STORAGE

    5004.1 Scope. Storage of hazardous materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5004. Storage of hazardous materials in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5001 and

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    HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS

    1. Retail and wholesale storage and display of nonflammable solid and nonflammable and noncombustible liquid hazardous materials in Group M occupancies and Group S storage shall be in accordance with Section 5003.11.

    5004.2 Spill control and secondary containment for liquid and solid hazardous materials. Rooms, buildings or areas used for the storage of liquid or solid hazardous materials shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Sections 5004.2.1 through 5004.2.3.

  • CFC § 0.21 Medium relevance — show source text

    For uncartoned commodities on shelves 6 feet or less in height where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are those permitted with a minimum sprin-
    kler design density of Ordinary Hazard Group 2.
    2. For cartoned, palletized or racked commodities where storage is 4 feet 6 inches or less in height and where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are
    those permitted with a minimum sprinkler design density of 0.21 gallon per minute per square foot over the most remote 1,500-square-foot area.
    c. Where wholesale and retail sales or storage areas exceed 50,000 square feet in area, the maximum allowable quantities are allowed to be increased by 2 percent for each
    1,000 square feet of area in excess of 50,000 square feet, up to not more than 100 percent of the table amounts. A control area separation is not required. The cumulative
    amounts, including amounts attained by having an additional control area, shall not exceed 30,000 gallons.|

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    SPECIAL DETAILED REQUIREMENTS BASED ON OCCUPANCY AND USE

    [F] 414.2.5.3 Aerosol products, aerosol cooking spray products or plastic aerosol 3 products. The maximum quantity of aerosol products, aerosol cooking spray products or plastic aerosol 3 products in Group M occupancy retail display areas, storage areas adjacent to retail display areas and retail storage areas shall be in accordance with the California Fire Code .

    [F] 414.2.5.4 Flammable gas. The aggregate quantity of Category 1B flammable gas having a burning velocity of 3.9 inches per second (10 cm/s) or less stored and displayed within a single control area of a Group M occupancy or stored in a single control area of a Group S occupancy is allowed to exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area specified in Table 307.1(1) without classifying the building or use as a Group H occupancy, provided that the materials are stored and displayed in accordance with the California Fire Code and quantities do not exceed the amounts specified in Table 414.2.5.4.

    [F] TABLE 414.2.5.4—MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY OF LOW BURNING VELOCITY
    CATEGORY 1B FLAMMABLE GAS IN GROUP M AND S OCCUPANCIES PER CONTROL AREAa    		 Col2 Col3
    CATEGORY 1B
    (Low BV)d    		 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA
    CATEGORY 1B
    (Low BV)d    		 Sprinkleredb Nonsprinklered
    Gaseous 390,000 cu ft 195,000 cu ft
    Liquefied 40,000 lbc 20,000 lb
    For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m3, 1 inch per second = 2.54 cm/s.
    a. Control areas shall be separated from each other by not less than a 1-hour fire barrier.
    b.
  • CFC § 414.2.5.2. Medium relevance — show source text

    For flammable and combustible liquid storage in Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses, see Section 414.2.5.2.
    o. Where manufactured, generated or used in such a manner that the concentration and conditions create a fire or explosion hazard based on information prepared in accor-
    dance with Section 414.1.3.
    p._ High Burning Velocity_(High BV) Category 1B flammable gas has a burning velocity greater than 3.9 inches per second (10 cm/s).Low Burning Velocity (Low BV) Category 1B
    flammable gas has a burning velocity of 3.9 inches per second (10 cm/s) or less.|For SI: 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m3, 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
    NL = Not Limited; NA = Not Applicable; UD = Unclassified Detonable.
    a. For use of control areas, see Section 414.2.
    b. The aggregate quantity in use and storage shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantity for storage, including applicable increases.
    c._ Reserved.
    d.**     [SFM]** In other than Group L occupancies,maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system
    in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Where Note e also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
    e. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent when stored in approved storage cabinets, day boxes, gas cabinets, gas rooms or exhausted enclosures or in
    listed safety cans in accordance with Section 5003.9.10 of the_California Fire Code    . Where Note d also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
    f. Quantities shall not be limited in a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    g. Allowed only in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    h. Containing not more than the maximum allowable quantity per control area of Class IA, IB or IC flammable liquids.
    i. Quantities in parentheses indicate quantity units in parentheses at the head of each column.
    j. A maximum quantity of 220 pounds of solid or 22 gallons of liquid Class 3 oxidizers is allowed when such materials are necessary for maintenance purposes, operation or sani-
    tation of equipment when the storage containers and the manner of storage are approved.
    k. Net weight of the pyrotechnic composition of the fireworks. Where the net weight of the pyrotechnic composition of the fireworks is not known, 25 percent of the gross weight
    of the fireworks, including packaging, shall be used.
    l. For gallons of liquids, divide the amount in pounds by 10 in accordance with Section 5003.1.2 of the_California Fire Code_.
    m.For oxidizers, unstable (reactive) materials, and water-reactive materials stored or displayed in Group M occupancies or stored in Group S occupancies, see Section 414.2.5.1.
    n. For flammable and combustible liquid storage in Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses, see Section 414.2.5.2.
    o.

  • CFC § 5003.1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    1. Group E occupancies: Quantities in Group E occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, treatment, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).

    2. Group F occupancies: Quantities in dining, office, and school uses within Group F occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).

    3. Group I occupancies: Quantities in Group I occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).

    4. Group M occupancies: Quantities in dining, office, and school uses within Group M occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1). The maximum allowable quantities for storage in wholesale and retail sales areas shall be in accordance with Section 5704.3.4.1.

    5. Group R occupancies: Quantities in Group R occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).

    6. Group S occupancies: Quantities in dining and office uses within Group S occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).

    5704.3.4.3 Quantities exceeding limits for control areas. Quantities exceeding those allowed in control areas set forth in Section 5704.3.4.1 shall be in liquid storage rooms or liquid storage warehouses in accordance with Sections 5704.3.7 and 5704.3.8.

    5704.3.4.4 Liquids for maintenance and operation of equipment. In all occupancies, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids in excess of 10 gallons (38 L) used for maintenance purposes and the operation of equipment shall be stored in liquid storage cabinets in accordance with Section 5704.3.2. Quantities not exceeding 10 gallons (38 L) are allowed to be stored outside of a cabinet where in approved containers located in private garages or other approved locations.

    5704.3.5 Storage in control areas. Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in control areas shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.5.1 through 5704.3.5.4.

    5704.3.5.1 Basement storage. Class I liquids shall be allowed to be stored in basements in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area for use-open systems in Table 5003.1.1(1), provided that fire protection systems are provided in accordance with Chapter 9. Class II and IIIA liquids shall be allowed to be stored in basements, provided that automatic suppression and other fire protection are provided in accordance with Chapter 9.

  • CFC § 5003.1.1 Medium relevance — show source text

    Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables.
    b. Separation shall include fire barriers and horizontal assemblies as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building.|a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables.
    b. Separation shall include fire barriers and horizontal assemblies as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building.|a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables.
    b. Separation shall include fire barriers and horizontal assemblies as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building.|a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables.
    b. Separation shall include fire barriers and horizontal assemblies as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building.|

    5003.8.3.3 Number. The maximum number of control areas per floor within a building shall be in accordance with Table 5003.8.3.2. For the purposes of determining the number of control areas within a building, each portion of a building separated by one or more fire walls complying with Section 706 of the California Building Code shall be considered a separate building.

    5003.8.3.4 Fire-resistance-rating requirements. The required fire-resistance rating for fire barriers shall be in accordance with Table 5003.8.3.2. The floor assembly of the control area and the construction supporting the floor of the control area shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours.

    Exception: The floor assembly of the control area and the construction supporting the floor of the control area is allowed to be 1hour fire-resistance rated in buildings of Types IIA, IIIA, IV and VA construction, provided that both of the following conditions exist:

    1. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
    2. The building is three stories or less above grade plane.

    5003.8.3.5 Hazardous materials in Group M display and storage areas and in Group S storage areas. Hazardous materials located in Group M and Group S occupancies shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.8.3.5.1 through 5003.8.3.5.4.

    5003.8.3.5.1 Nonflammable solids and nonflammable and noncombustible liquids. The aggregate quantity of nonflammable solid and nonflammable or noncombustible liquid hazardous materials allowed within a single control area of a Group M display and storage area or a Group S storage area is allowed to exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area specified in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2) without classifying the building or use as a Group H occupancy, provided that the materials are displayed and stored in accordance with Section 5003.11.

Frequently asked questions

When exactly do I need a liquid‑tight floor or a dike?

If an individual vessel is more than 55 gallons or the total aggregate of vessels exceeds 1,000 gallons, spill control is required; the code allows liquid‑tight sloped/recessed floors, raised/recessed sills or dikes, sumps or other approved engineered systems to meet that need (see §5004.2.1–2.2).

Can I just use a listed cabinet in a retail display to store more than the MAQ?

Yes — the CFC allows increases to the maximum allowable quantity per control area for retail/wholesale displays in Group M and S occupancies when the storage/display meets the requirements in §5003.11 (and the MAQ table footnotes that reference cabinets, exhausted enclosures, etc.). Consult §5003.11 for the exact cabinet/display conditions.

Does an overhead canopy automatically make outdoor storage “indoor”?

No. §5004.13 explains that overhead noncombustible construction used for shelter does not automatically convert outdoor storage into indoor storage; the weather‑protection structure must meet the Building Code criteria to change classification.

If I use an exhausted enclosure for flammables, do I still need sprinklers?

Yes — exhausted enclosures where flammable materials are used must be protected by an approved automatic fire‑extinguishing system in accordance with §5003.8.5.3.

How do I size containment for sprinkler water?

The indoor secondary containment must accommodate the spill from the largest vessel plus the design flow volume of fire‑protection water that will discharge for the system design area over 20 minutes — the sprinkler flow itself is determined by the fire‑protection design standard used for the building. See §5004.2.2.3.

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California Fire Code