CFC · California Fire Code

In‑building emergency responder communications (coverage, systems and references)

If your building is covered by the California Fire Code, you may be required to install an in‑building emergency responder communications enhancement system (ERCES). The ERCES must provide at least 95% two‑way coverage on each floor (99% for critical areas), meet DAQ 3.0 voice quality, be coordinated with the fire code official and frequency license holder(s), have 12‑hour standby power, pass the code’s 20/40 grid acceptance test and be inspected annually. file

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Last reviewed: July 6, 2026

What the code requires — 2–4 sentences

New and existing buildings that need in‑building emergency radio for fire/police/EMS must provide an approved in‑building emergency responder communications enhancement system (ERCES) to achieve usable two‑way radio coverage based on the public‑safety system used by the jurisdiction (§510.1, §510.2, §914.3.6). The ERCES type, technical design, acceptance testing and maintenance are set by the fire code official and frequency license holder(s); the code establishes minimum performance targets (coverage % and voice quality) and specific installation, power and monitoring requirements.

The single most important rule: buildings required to provide in‑building responder radio coverage must achieve at least 95% two‑way coverage on every floor (and 99% for areas designated as critical) and meet a Delivered Audio Quality of DAQ 3.0 for usable voice communications.

Requirements in detail

Coverage and performance targets

  • The building must reach acceptable in‑building ERCES performance based on the existing jurisdictional public‑safety exterior coverage; the system type is to be determined by the fire code official and frequency license holder(s). §510.1.
  • Coverage acceptance: not less than 95% of all areas on each floor and 99% of areas designated as critical areas must meet signal strength and quality requirements. §510.4.1.
  • Voice quality: the downlink (into building) and uplink (out of building) signal levels must provide at least Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) 3.0 (or equivalent BER/SINR for the technology used). §510.4.1.1–.2.

System types, components and design requirements

  • ERCES may use amplification/signal boosters, distributed antenna systems (DAS), or other designs approved by the fire code official and frequency license holder(s); all active RF equipment must have required FCC (or other licensing authority) certification. §510.4.2.1, §510.5.2.1.
  • Standby power: the ERCES must be provided with dedicated standby batteries or be connected to the facility generator. The standby supply must operate the system at 100% capacity for not less than 12 hours. §510.4.2.3.
  • Signal booster design: where a donor antenna exists maintain at least 20 dB isolation between donor and inside antennas; booster components must be NEMA‑rated and have oscillation detection/control; equipment must be suitable for public‑safety use. §510.4.2.4.
  • Monitoring: ERCES supervisory signals (loss of AC, battery charger failure, signal source malfunction, active RF failure, low battery at 70% of the 12‑hour capacity, oscillation, etc.) must be wired into a listed fire alarm control unit or a constantly attended on‑site location. §510.4.2.5.

Installation, approvals and coordination

  • Prior coordination and written authorization from the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s) is required before installing systems that operate on public‑safety frequencies. §510.5.2.
  • Active RF‑emitting devices that require certification must have the radio licensing authority’s certification before installation; the system must comply with FCC regulations (e.g., 47 CFR Part 90.219). §510.5.2.1, §510.5.5.

Acceptance testing, documentation and ongoing maintenance

  • Acceptance test: each floor is divided into a grid of 20 approximately equal test areas (40 areas optional if two areas fail) and the system must pass testing demonstrating ≥95% two‑way coverage using agency radios; failure rules and retest procedures are specified. §510.5.4.
  • Annual testing: building owner must inspect/test annually (coverage test, amplifier gain verification, battery/load tests with at least 1‑hour load checks and extend as needed, active component checks) and submit a report to the fire code official. §510.6.1.
  • Frequency changes: owner must modify/expand the ERCES at their expense when FCC or licensing authority requires frequency changes or makes additional frequencies available. §510.6.2.

Quick decision table (decision‑relevant dimensions/values)

Decision‑relevant dimension / value Acceptable value / requirement Code Reference
Floor coverage requirement 95% of all areas on each floor §510.4.1
Critical areas coverage 99% of areas designated critical §510.4.1
Voice quality target DAQ 3.0 (or equivalent BER/SINR) §510.4.1.1–.2
Acceptance test grid 20 test areas per floor (expand to 40 if needed) §510.5.4
Donor/indoor antenna isolation ≥20 dB isolation relative to system gain §510.4.2.4.4
Standby power duration 12 hours at 100% system capacity §510.4.2.3
Low‑battery supervisory threshold Supervisory signal at 70% of 12‑hour capacity depleted §510.4.2.5 (item 5)
NEMA enclosures Signal booster components: NEMA Type 4; battery cabinets: NEMA 3R or higher §510.4.2.4.1–.2
Installer qualifications FCC general radio operator license + in‑building system training or equivalent §510.5.3
Federal compliance Must satisfy FCC rules (e.g., 47 CFR Part 90.219) §510.5.5

How the high‑rise rule ties in

  • High‑rise buildings explicitly require in‑building two‑way emergency responder communication coverage in accordance with §510 (this is codified at §914.3.6), so ERCES requirements apply to high‑rise projects and are integrated with other high‑rise provisions (fire command center, alarm, smoke control). §914.3.6.

Exceptions & special cases

  • Wired communications systems (fire department wired systems per §907.2.13.2) may be accepted in lieu of ERCES where approved by the building and fire code officials (§510.1 Exception 1).
  • The fire code official may determine an ERCES is not needed for a particular building (§510.1 Exception 2).
  • Small one‑story buildings ≤ 12,000 sq ft with no below‑ground areas are excepted from ERCES (§510.1 Exception 4).
  • Where installation would negatively affect normal operations, the fire code official can accept an automatically activated ERCES instead of a continuously active system (§510.1 Exception 3).
  • Existing buildings: evaluations and retrofit obligations are addressed in the Existing Building provisions (e.g., Chapter 11 / §1103.2 and Level‑3 alteration coverage §908), and the fire code official sets timeframes for compliance. file

Common mistakes

  • Assuming any consumer “cell booster” satisfies ERCES: active RF equipment must be public‑safety certified and coordinated with frequency license holder(s) — consumer boosters often are not compliant. §510.4.2.1, §510.5.2.1.
  • Skipping coordination with the frequency license holder(s) and the fire code official before installation — the code requires prior coordination and written authorization. §510.5.2.
  • Failing to provide the required standby duration or to test batteries under load (the code requires 12‑hour standby capability and specified battery testing). §510.4.2.3, §510.6.1.
  • Incorrect acceptance testing (not following the 20/40 grid, or not using agency‑calibrated radios) — acceptance procedure and pass/fail rules are in §510.5.4.

Worked example — office high‑rise retrofit (concrete numbers)

Scenario: 20‑story office high‑rise with typical floor plate; the AHJ requires ERCES under §914.3.6 referencing §510.

  1. Performance targets:
    • Achieve 95% coverage per floor and 99% coverage for critical areas (stair pressurization rooms, fire command center). §510.4.1.
  2. System design:
    • Designer specifies a DAS with donor rooftop antenna and indoor antennas; booster cabinets in electrical rooms with NEMA Type 4 enclosures and battery cabinets NEMA 3R. §510.4.2.4.1–.2.
    • Ensure donor → indoor isolation ≥ 20 dB under all operating conditions to avoid oscillation. §510.4.2.4.4.
  3. Power:
    • Provide dedicated batteries sized to run the system at 100% load for 12 hours; connect to building generator per §1203 requirements where applicable. §510.4.2.3.
  4. Acceptance testing:
    • Divide each floor into 20 test areas; use the agency’s calibrated portable radios. With one failure, split the floor into 40 areas per test protocol; system must still meet ≥95% coverage overall. §510.5.4.
  5. Commissioning & maintenance:
    • Submit as‑built drawings if requested; incorporate monitoring to the building fire alarm control unit for supervisory signals (including low battery at 70% depletion). Schedule annual coverage tests and battery load checks (1‑hour minimum, extend as needed). §510.4.2.7, §510.4.2.5, §510.6.1.

Calculation note (battery sizing example): if system draws 100 A at 48 V (4.8 kW), for 12‑hour runtime you need 57.6 kWh of battery capacity (plus margins); battery enclosure must meet NEMA rating and be monitored per §510.4.2.4 and §510.4.2.5. The exact amp‑hour capacity and charger sizing are selected by the system designer per manufacturer specs and AHJ technical criteria. §510.4.2.3–.5.

Related provisions (selected)

  • §510.1 — Emergency responder communications enhancement systems in new buildings.
  • §510.2 — ERCES requirements for existing buildings.
  • §510.4.1 – §510.4.2 — Signal strength, DAQ targets, system design and standby power requirements. file
  • §510.5.4 — Acceptance test procedure (20/40 grid, radio use).
  • §510.6.1–.4 — Maintenance, annual testing and field testing rights.
  • §914.3.6 — High‑rise requirement referencing §510 for in‑building two‑way emergency responder communication coverage.
  • Existing building/alteration references: §908 (Existing building ERCES coverage evaluation) and §1103.2 (retrofit timelines/requirements). file

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Fire Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CFC § 1010.2.12.1. High relevance — show source text
    1. Elevator emergency or standby power selector switch(es) in accordance with ASME A17.1/CSA B44. 19. A master switch for unlocking elevator lobby doors permitted by Section 1010.2.12.1.

    508.1.7 Fire command center identification. The fire command center shall be identified by a permanent, easily visible sign stating “FIRE COMMAND CENTER” located on the door to the fire command center.

    508.1.8 Ventilation. The fire command center shall be provided with an independent ventilation or air-conditioning system.

    SECTION 509—FIRE PROTECTION AND UTILITY EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION AND ACCESS

    509.1 Identification. Fire protection equipment shall be identified in an approved manner. Rooms containing controls for air-conditioning systems or fire protection systems shall be identified for the use of the fire department. Approved signs required to identify fire protection system equipment and equipment location shall be constructed of durable materials, permanently installed and readily visible.

    509.1.1 Utility identification. Where required by the fire code official, gas shutoff valves, electric meters, service switches and other utility equipment shall be clearly and legibly marked to identify the unit or space that it serves. Identification shall be made in an approved manner, readily visible and shall be maintained.

    509.2 Equipment access. Approved access shall be provided and maintained for all fire protection system equipment to permit immediate safe operation and maintenance of such equipment. Storage, trash and other materials or objects shall not be placed or kept in such a manner that would prevent such equipment from ready access.

    SECTION 510—EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATIONS ENHANCEMENT SYSTEMS

    510.1 Emergency responder communications enhancement systems in new buildings. Approved in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system (ERCES) for emergency responders shall be provided in all new buildings. In-building ERCES within the building shall be based on the existing coverage levels of the public safety communications systems utilized by the jurisdiction, measured at the exterior of the building. The ERCES, where required, shall be of a type determined by the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s). This section shall not require improvement of the existing public safety communications systems.

    Exceptions:

    1. Where approved by the building official and the fire code official, a wired communications system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.2 shall be permitted to be installed or maintained instead of an approved communications coverage system.
    2. Where it is determined by the fire code official that the communications coverage system is not needed.
    3. In facilities where emergency responder communications coverage is required and such systems, components or equipment required could have a negative impact on the normal operations of that facility, the fire code official shall have the authority to accept an automatically activated emergency responder communications coverage system.
    4. One-story buildings not exceeding 12,000 square feet (1115 m [2] ) with no below-ground area(s).

    510.2 Emergency responder communications enhancement system in existing buildings. Existing buildings shall be provided with approved in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system for emergency responders as required in Chapter 11.

    510.3 Permits. Permits for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall be in accordance with Sections 510.3.1 and 510.3.2.

    510.3.1 Permit required. A construction permit for the installation of or modification to in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems and related equipment is required as specified in Section 105.6.5. Maintenance performed in accordance with this code is not considered a modification and does not require a permit.

  • CFC § 907.2.13.2 High relevance — show source text

    Exceptions:

    1. Where approved by the building official and the fire code official, a wired communications system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.2 shall be permitted to be installed or maintained instead of an approved communications coverage system.
    2. Where it is determined by the fire code official that the communications coverage system is not needed.
    3. In facilities where emergency responder communications coverage is required and such systems, components or equipment required could have a negative impact on the normal operations of that facility, the fire code official shall have the authority to accept an automatically activated emergency responder communications coverage system.
    4. One-story buildings not exceeding 12,000 square feet (1115 m [2] ) with no below-ground area(s).

    510.2 Emergency responder communications enhancement system in existing buildings. Existing buildings shall be provided with approved in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system for emergency responders as required in Chapter 11.

    510.3 Permits. Permits for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall be in accordance with Sections 510.3.1 and 510.3.2.

    510.3.1 Permit required. A construction permit for the installation of or modification to in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems and related equipment is required as specified in Section 105.6.5. Maintenance performed in accordance with this code is not considered a modification and does not require a permit.

    510.3.2 Operational permit. Where required by the fire code official, an operational permit shall be issued for the operation of an in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system.

    510.4 Technical requirements. Equipment required to provide in-building emergency responder communications enhancement shall be listed in accordance with UL 2524. Systems, components and equipment required to provide the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall comply with Sections 510.4.1 through 510.4.2.8.

    510.4.1 Emergency responder communications enhancement system signal strength. The building shall be considered to have an acceptable in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system where signal strength measure

    5-8 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

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    FIRE SERVICE FEATURES

    ments in 95 percent of all areas and 99 percent of areas designated as critical areas by the fire code official on each floor of the building meet the signal strength requirements in Sections 510.4.1.1 through 510.4.1.3.

    510.4.1.1 Minimum signal strength into the building. The minimum downlink signal strength shall be sufficient to provide usable voice communications throughout the coverage area as specified by the fire code official. The downlink signal level shall be sufficient to provide not less than a Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) of 3.0 throughout the coverage area using either narrowband analog, digital or wideband LTE signals or an equivalent bit error rate (BER), or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) applicable to the technology for either analog or digital signals.

    510.4.1.2 Minimum signal strength out of the building. The minimum uplink signal strength shall be sufficient to provide usable voice communications throughout the coverage area as specified by the fire code official. The uplink signal level shall be sufficient to provide not less than a delivered audio quality (DAQ) of 3.0 using either narrowband analog, digital or wideband LTE digital signals or an equivalent bit error rate (BER), or an equivalent SINR applicable to the technology for either analog or digital signals.

  • CFC § 5-9 High relevance — show source text

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 5-9

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FIRE SERVICE FEATURES

    510.4.2.5.1 Single supervisory input. Where approved, a single supervisory input to the fire alarm system to monitor all system supervisory signals shall be permitted.

    510.4.2.6 Additional frequencies and change of frequencies. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be capable of modification or expansion in the event frequency changes are required by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities, or additional frequencies are made available by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities.

    510.4.2.7 Design documents. The fire code official shall have the authority to require “as-built” design documents and specifications for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems. The documents shall be in a format acceptable to the fire code official.

    510.4.2.8 Near-far effect. Where a signal booster is required by the RF system designer, the dynamic range of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed to minimize the effects of strong signal automatic gain control on weak signal uplink performance.

    510.4.2.9 Noise interference. Where a signal booster is used, signal booster type(s) and the uplink signal and noise levels shall be coordinated with and approved by all frequency license holder(s) that may be adversely impacted by any transmitted noise resulting from the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. Systems shall be in compliance with all frequency licensing authority requirements.

    510.5 Installation requirements. The installation of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be in accordance with NFPA 1225 and Sections 510.5.2 through 510.5.5.

    510.5.1 Mounting of the donor antenna(s). To maintain proper alignment with the system designed donor site, donor antennas shall be permanently affixed on the building or where approved, mounted on a movable sled with a clearly visible sign stating “MOVEMENT OR REPOSITIONING OF THIS ANTENNA IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT APPROVAL FROM THE FIRE CODE OFFICIAL .” The antenna installation shall be in accordance with the applicable requirements in the California Building Code for weather protection of the building envelope.

    510.5.2 Approval prior to installation. Communications enhancement systems capable of operating on frequencies licensed to any public safety agency by the FCC or other frequency licensing authority shall not be installed without prior coordination and approval of the fire code official and frequency license holder.

    510.5.2.1 Active RF-emitting devices. Active RF-emitting devices shall meet the following requirements in addition to any other requirements determined by the fire code official or the frequency license holder(s):

    1. Active RF-emitting devices that have a transmitted power output sufficient to require certification of the frequency licensing authority shall have the certification of the radio frequency licensing authority prior to installation.
    2. All active RF-emitting devices shall be simultaneously compatible for their intended use, as required by the frequency licensing authority, the frequency license holder(s) and the fire code official, at the time of installation.
    3. Written authorization shall be obtained from the frequency license holder(s) prior to the initial activation of any RFemitting devices required to be certified by the frequency licensing authority.
  • CFC § 510.4.2 High relevance — show source text

    510.4.2 System design. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed in accordance with Sections 510.4.2.1 through 510.4.2.8 and NFPA 1225.

    510.4.2.1 Amplification systems and components. Buildings and structures that cannot support the required level of inbuilding emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be equipped with systems and components to enhance the radio signals and achieve the required level of in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system specified in Sections 510.4.1 through 510.4.1.3. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems utilizing radio-frequency-emitting devices and cabling shall be approved by the fire code official. Prior to installation, all RF-emitting devices shall have the certification of the radio licensing authority and be suitable for public safety use.

    510.4.2.2 Technical criteria. The fire code official shall maintain a document providing the specific technical information and requirements for the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. This document shall contain, but not be limited to, the various frequencies required, the location of radio sites, the effective radiated power of radio sites, the maximum propagation delay in microseconds, the applications being used and other supporting technical information necessary for system design.

    510.4.2.3 Standby power. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall be provided with dedicated standby batteries or provided with 2-hour standby batteries and connected to the facility generator power system in accordance with Section 1203. The standby power supply shall be capable of operating the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system at 100-percent system capacity for a duration of not less than 12 hours.

    510.4.2.4 Signal booster requirements. If used, signal boosters shall meet the following requirements:

    1. All signal booster components shall be contained in a NEMA Type 4 cabinet.

    2. Battery systems used for the emergency power source shall be contained in a NEMA 3R or higher-rated cabinet.

    3. Equipment shall have FCC or other radio licensing authority certification and be suitable for public safety use prior to installation.

    4. Where a donor antenna exists, isolation shall be maintained between the donor antenna and all inside antennas to not less than 20dB greater than the system gain under all operating conditions.

    5. Active RF-emitting devices used for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall have built-in oscillation detection and control circuitry to reduce gain and maintain operation. When a signal booster detects oscillation, a supervisory signal shall be transmitted. In the event of uncorrectable oscillation, the system shall be permitted to shut down.

    6. The installation of amplification systems or systems that operate on or provide the means to cause interference on any in-building emergency responder communications enhancement network shall be coordinated and approved by the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s).

    510.4.2.5 System monitoring. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be monitored by a listed fire alarm control unit, or where approved by the fire code official, shall sound an audible signal at a constantly attended on-site location. Automatic supervisory signals shall include the following:

    1. Loss of normal AC power supply.
    2. System battery charger(s) failure.
    3. Signal source malfunction.
    4. Failure of active RF-emitting device(s).
    5. Low-battery capacity at 70 percent of the 12-hour operating capacity has been depleted.
    6. Failure of critical system components.
    7. The communications link between the fire alarm system and the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system.
    8. Oscillation of active RF-emitting d
  • CFC § 908.1 High relevance — show source text

    ALTERATIONS—LEVEL 3

    SECTION 908—EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATIONS ENHANCEMENT SYSTEM COVERAGE

    908.1 Emergency responder communication enhancement system coverage. The existing building shall undergo an evaluation of the emergency responder communication signal strength and coverage area within the entire building in accordance with Sections 908.1.1 and 908.1.2.

    Exception: Where it is determined by the fire code official that the emergency responder communication enhancement system (ERCES) is not needed.

    908.1.1 Evaluation. The evaluation shall determine the current signal strength and coverage capabilities of the public safety communication systems utilized by the jurisdiction, measured at the exterior of the building.

    908.1.2 Compliance. The evaluation report shall be submitted for approval by the fire code official and the frequency license holder. Where the coverage area, signal strength or DAQ does not comply with Section 510 of the California Fire Code, the existing building shall be provided with ERCES coverage. The fire code official is authorized to establish the timeframe for such installation or modification.

    2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE 9-5

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    9-6 2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE

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    CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 10 – CHANGE OF OCCUPANCY

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

    Adopting Agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM HCD Col6 Col7 DSA Col9 Col10 OSHPD Col12 Col13 Col14 Col15 Col16 Col17 BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
    Adopting Agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM 1 2 1/AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
    Adopt Entire Chapter X X
    Adopt Entire Chapter as
    amended (amended
    sections listed below)    		 X
    Adopt only those sections
    that are listed below    		 X
    Chapter / Section
    1006.3 Exception 3 X
    1007 † †
    1007.1 X
    1009.2 – 1009.4 † †
    1011.2.
  • CFC § 510.4.1 High relevance — show source text

    510.4.1 Emergency responder communications enhancement system signal strength. The building shall be considered to have an acceptable in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system where signal strength measure

    5-8 2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE

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    FIRE SERVICE FEATURES

    ments in 95 percent of all areas and 99 percent of areas designated as critical areas by the fire code official on each floor of the building meet the signal strength requirements in Sections 510.4.1.1 through 510.4.1.3.

    510.4.1.1 Minimum signal strength into the building. The minimum downlink signal strength shall be sufficient to provide usable voice communications throughout the coverage area as specified by the fire code official. The downlink signal level shall be sufficient to provide not less than a Delivered Audio Quality (DAQ) of 3.0 throughout the coverage area using either narrowband analog, digital or wideband LTE signals or an equivalent bit error rate (BER), or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) applicable to the technology for either analog or digital signals.

    510.4.1.2 Minimum signal strength out of the building. The minimum uplink signal strength shall be sufficient to provide usable voice communications throughout the coverage area as specified by the fire code official. The uplink signal level shall be sufficient to provide not less than a delivered audio quality (DAQ) of 3.0 using either narrowband analog, digital or wideband LTE digital signals or an equivalent bit error rate (BER), or an equivalent SINR applicable to the technology for either analog or digital signals.

    510.4.1.3 System performance. Signal strength shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of the applications being utilized by public safety for emergency operations through the coverage area as specified by the fire code official in Section 510.4.2.2.

    510.4.2 System design. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed in accordance with Sections 510.4.2.1 through 510.4.2.8 and NFPA 1225.

    510.4.2.1 Amplification systems and components. Buildings and structures that cannot support the required level of inbuilding emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be equipped with systems and components to enhance the radio signals and achieve the required level of in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system specified in Sections 510.4.1 through 510.4.1.3. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems utilizing radio-frequency-emitting devices and cabling shall be approved by the fire code official. Prior to installation, all RF-emitting devices shall have the certification of the radio licensing authority and be suitable for public safety use.

    510.4.2.2 Technical criteria. The fire code official shall maintain a document providing the specific technical information and requirements for the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. This document shall contain, but not be limited to, the various frequencies required, the location of radio sites, the effective radiated power of radio sites, the maximum propagation delay in microseconds, the applications being used and other supporting technical information necessary for system design.

    510.4.2.3 Standby power. In-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall be provided with dedicated standby batteries or provided with 2-hour standby batteries and connected to the facility generator power system in accordance with Section 1203. The standby power supply shall be capable of operating the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system at 100-percent system capacity for a duration of not less than 12 hours.

  • CFC § 906.5 High relevance — show source text

    [BS] 906.5 Anchorage for unreinforced masonry walls. For any building assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F with a structural system that includes unreinforced masonry bearing walls, the alteration shall comply with Section 304.3.2 by evaluation of the existing condition or by installation of wall anchors at the roof line.

    [BS] 906.6 Bracing for unreinforced masonry parapets. Parapets constructed of unreinforced masonry in buildings assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F shall comply with Section 304.3.2 by evaluation of the existing condition or by installation of parapet bracing.

    [BS] 906.7 Anchorage of unreinforced masonry partitions. Where the building is assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F, unreinforced masonry partitions and nonstructural walls within the work area and adjacent to egress paths from the work area shall have their existing conditions evaluated or shall be anchored, removed or altered to resist out-of-plane seismic forces to comply with Section 304.3.2.

    SECTION 907—ENERGY CONSERVATION

    907.1 Minimum requirements. Level 3 alterations to existing buildings or structures shall comply with applicable provisions of the California Energy Code (Part 6, Title 24, C.C.R).

    9-4 2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE

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    ALTERATIONS—LEVEL 3

    SECTION 908—EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATIONS ENHANCEMENT SYSTEM COVERAGE

    908.1 Emergency responder communication enhancement system coverage. The existing building shall undergo an evaluation of the emergency responder communication signal strength and coverage area within the entire building in accordance with Sections 908.1.1 and 908.1.2.

    Exception: Where it is determined by the fire code official that the emergency responder communication enhancement system (ERCES) is not needed.

    908.1.1 Evaluation. The evaluation shall determine the current signal strength and coverage capabilities of the public safety communication systems utilized by the jurisdiction, measured at the exterior of the building.

    908.1.2 Compliance. The evaluation report shall be submitted for approval by the fire code official and the frequency license holder. Where the coverage area, signal strength or DAQ does not comply with Section 510 of the California Fire Code, the existing building shall be provided with ERCES coverage. The fire code official is authorized to establish the timeframe for such installation or modification.

    2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE 9-5

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    9-6 2025 CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 10 – CHANGE OF OCCUPANCY

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

  • CFC § 510.4.2.5 High relevance — show source text
    1. Where a donor antenna exists, isolation shall be maintained between the donor antenna and all inside antennas to not less than 20dB greater than the system gain under all operating conditions.
    2. Active RF-emitting devices used for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems shall have built-in oscillation detection and control circuitry to reduce gain and maintain operation. When a signal booster detects oscillation, a supervisory signal shall be transmitted. In the event of uncorrectable oscillation, the system shall be permitted to shut down.
    3. The installation of amplification systems or systems that operate on or provide the means to cause interference on any in-building emergency responder communications enhancement network shall be coordinated and approved by the fire code official and the frequency license holder(s).

    510.4.2.5 System monitoring. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be monitored by a listed fire alarm control unit, or where approved by the fire code official, shall sound an audible signal at a constantly attended on-site location. Automatic supervisory signals shall include the following:

    1. Loss of normal AC power supply.
    2. System battery charger(s) failure.
    3. Signal source malfunction.
    4. Failure of active RF-emitting device(s).
    5. Low-battery capacity at 70 percent of the 12-hour operating capacity has been depleted.
    6. Failure of critical system components.
    7. The communications link between the fire alarm system and the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system.
    8. Oscillation of active RF-emitting device(s).

    2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 5-9

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    FIRE SERVICE FEATURES

    510.4.2.5.1 Single supervisory input. Where approved, a single supervisory input to the fire alarm system to monitor all system supervisory signals shall be permitted.

    510.4.2.6 Additional frequencies and change of frequencies. The in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be capable of modification or expansion in the event frequency changes are required by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities, or additional frequencies are made available by the FCC or other frequency licensing authorities.

    510.4.2.7 Design documents. The fire code official shall have the authority to require “as-built” design documents and specifications for in-building emergency responder communications enhancement systems. The documents shall be in a format acceptable to the fire code official.

    510.4.2.8 Near-far effect. Where a signal booster is required by the RF system designer, the dynamic range of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be designed to minimize the effects of strong signal automatic gain control on weak signal uplink performance.

    510.4.2.9 Noise interference. Where a signal booster is used, signal booster type(s) and the uplink signal and noise levels shall be coordinated with and approved by all frequency license holder(s) that may be adversely impacted by any transmitted noise resulting from the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system. Systems shall be in compliance with all frequency licensing authority requirements.

    510.5 Installation requirements. The installation of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be in accordance with NFPA 1225 and Sections 510.5.2 through 510.5.5.

  • CFC § 917.1 High relevance — show source text

    [F] 917.1 College and university campuses. Prior to construction of a new building requiring a fire alarm system on a multiplebuilding college or university campus having a cumulative building occupant load of 1,000 or more, a mass notification risk analysis shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 72. Where the risk analysis determines a need for mass notification, an approved mass notification system shall be provided in accordance with the findings of the risk analysis.

    [F] 917.2 Group E occupancies. Prior to construction of a new building containing a Group E occupancy requiring a fire alarm system and having an occupant load of 500 or more, a mass notification risk analysis shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 72. Where the risk analysis determines a need for mass notification, an approved mass notification system shall be provided in accordance with the findings of the risk analysis.

    SECTION 918—EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATION COVERAGE

    [F] 918.1 General. In-building two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be provided in all new buildings in accordance with Section 510 of the California Fire Code .

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 9-59

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    9-60 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 10 – MEANS OF EGRESS

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM HCD Col6 Col7 DSA Col9 Col10 OSHPD Col12 Col13 Col14 Col15 Col16 Col17 BSCC DPH AGR DWR CEC CA SL SLC
    Adopting agency BSC BSC-
    CG    		 SFM 1 2 1/AC AC SS SS/CC 1 1R 2 3 4 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
    Adopt entire chapter X X X X X
    Adopt entire chapter as
    amended (amended sections
    listed below)    		 X X X X X X X X X
    Adopt only those sections that
    are listed below    		 X
    Chapter / Section
    1003.1 X X X
    _1003.1.
  • CFC § 907.5.2.2 High relevance — show source text

    Elevator Group 202 Emergency voice/alarm communication system in 907.5.2.2 Elevator Hoistways 704.1, 1103.4 Pressurization 909.21

    Water protection 604.5.4 Elevator Keys, Fire Service (see Keys, Fire Service Elevator) Elevator Keys, Nonstandardized Fire Service Key boxes for 506.1.2 Elevator Recall/Emergency Operation 604 Emergency Alarm System 908, 5004.9, 5005.4.4

    Defined 202 Emergency Breakaway Devices 2306.7.5.1, 2307.6.3 Emergency Control Station 2703.1 Defined 202 Emergency Escape and Rescue Opening 202, 1031 Maintenance 1032.7 Emergency Evacuation Drill 405 Defined 202 Frequency 405.3, Table 405.3 Emergency Lighting Equipment Inspection and testing 1032.10 Emergency Planning and Preparedness Chapter 4 Emergency Power Systems 202, 1203 Emergency Relief Venting 2306.6.2.5, 5704.2.7.4 Emergency Repairs 105.1.4 Emergency Responder Enhancement Communications Coverage System 202, 510 Active RF-emitting device 202, 510.4.2.1, 510.4.2.4, 510.5.2.1 Existing buildings 1103.2 High-rise buildings 914.3.6 Passive RF-emitting device 202 Permits 105.6.5 RF-emitting device 510.4.2.1, 510.4.2.4, 510.4.2.5, 510.5.2.1 Emergency Shutoff Valve 202, 5003.2.2.1, 5503.4.6, 5505.3.2, 6303.1.2, 6403.1.1 Emergency Shutoff Valve, Automatic 202, 2305.2.4, 2306.7.4, 5003.2.9.1, 5505.3.2, 5803.1.3, 6303.1.2, 6303.1.2.2, 6403.1.1.1 Emergency Shutoff Valve, Manual 202, 2309.5.2, 2309.5.2.1, 5505.3.2, 5803.1.3, 6303.1.2, 6303.1.2.2, 6403.1.1.2 Emergency Venting for Tanks 607.5, 2306.5, 5704.2.7.4, 5704.2.9.6.1.2, 5704.2.9.7.2 Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications 907.5.2.2

    Atriums 907.2.14

    Captions 907.5.2.2.4 Covered mall buildings 907.2.20 Deep underground buildings 907.2.19 Defined 202

    Group A 907.2.1.1 High-rise building 907.2.13 Special amusement buildings 907.2.12.3 Employee Training 406 Employee Work Area Defined 202

  • CFC § 5-3 High relevance — show source text

    503 Fire Apparatus Access Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 504 Access to Building Openings and Roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 505 Premises Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

    506 Key Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 507 Fire Protection Water Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 508 Fire Command Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

    509 Fire Protection and Utility Equipment Identification and Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

    510 Emergency Responder Communications Enhancement Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

    CHAPTER 6 BUILDING SERVICES AND SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . .6-3

    601 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

    602 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

    603 Electrical Equipment, Wiring and Hazards . . . . . . . . . 6-3 604 Elevator Operation, Maintenance and Fire Service Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 605 Fuel-Fired Appliances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 606 Commercial Cooking Equipment and Systems . . . . . 6-9 607 Commercial Cooking Oil Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10 608 Mechanical Refrigeration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10 609 Hyperbaric Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13 610 Clothes Dryer Exhaust Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

    CHAPTER 7 FIRE AND SMOKE PROTECTION

    FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3

    701 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

  • CFC § 510.5 High relevance — show source text

    510.5 Installation requirements. The installation of the in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system shall be in accordance with NFPA 1225 and Sections 510.5.2 through 510.5.5.

    510.5.1 Mounting of the donor antenna(s). To maintain proper alignment with the system designed donor site, donor antennas shall be permanently affixed on the building or where approved, mounted on a movable sled with a clearly visible sign stating “MOVEMENT OR REPOSITIONING OF THIS ANTENNA IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT APPROVAL FROM THE FIRE CODE OFFICIAL .” The antenna installation shall be in accordance with the applicable requirements in the California Building Code for weather protection of the building envelope.

    510.5.2 Approval prior to installation. Communications enhancement systems capable of operating on frequencies licensed to any public safety agency by the FCC or other frequency licensing authority shall not be installed without prior coordination and approval of the fire code official and frequency license holder.

    510.5.2.1 Active RF-emitting devices. Active RF-emitting devices shall meet the following requirements in addition to any other requirements determined by the fire code official or the frequency license holder(s):

    1. Active RF-emitting devices that have a transmitted power output sufficient to require certification of the frequency licensing authority shall have the certification of the radio frequency licensing authority prior to installation.
    2. All active RF-emitting devices shall be simultaneously compatible for their intended use, as required by the frequency licensing authority, the frequency license holder(s) and the fire code official, at the time of installation.
    3. Written authorization shall be obtained from the frequency license holder(s) prior to the initial activation of any RFemitting devices required to be certified by the frequency licensing authority.

    510.5.3 Minimum qualifications of personnel. The minimum qualifications of the system designer and lead installation personnel shall include both of the following:

    1. A valid FCC-issued general radio operators license.
    2. Certification of in-building system training issued by an approved organization or approved school, or a certificate issued by the manufacturer of the equipment being installed.

    These qualifications shall not be required where demonstration of adequate skills and experience satisfactory to the fire code official is provided.

    510.5.4 Acceptance test procedure. Where an in-building emergency responder communications enhancement system is required, and upon completion of installation, the building owner shall have the radio system tested to verify that two-way coverage on each floor of the building is not less than 95 percent. The test procedure shall be conducted as follows or by a method approved by the fire code official:

    1. Each floor of the building shall be divided into a grid of 20 approximately equal test areas.

    2. The test shall be conducted using a calibrated portable radio of the latest brand and model used by the agency talking through the agency’s radio communications system or equipment approved by the fire code official.

    3. Failure of more than one test area shall result in failure of the test.

    4. In the event that two of the test areas fail the test, in order to be more statistically accurate, the floor shall be permitted to be divided into 40 equal test areas. Failure of not more than two nonadjacent test areas shall not result in failure of the test. If the system fails the 40-area test, the system shall be altered to meet the 95-percent coverage requirement.

    5. A test location approximately in the center of each test area shall be selected for the test, with the radio enabled to verify two-way communications to and from the outside of the building through the public agency’s radio communications system. Once the test location has been selected, that location shall represent the ent

  • CFC § 914.3.4 High relevance — show source text

    914.3.4 Automatic smoke detection. Smoke detection shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1.

    914.3.5 Emergency voice/alarm communication system. An emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

    914.3.6 Emergency responder communication coverage. In-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be provided in accordance with Section 510.

    914.3.7 Fire command. A fire command center complying with Section 508 shall be provided in a location approved by the fire department.

    914.3.8 Smoke control.

    914.3.8.1 Smoke control system. All portions of high-rise buildings shall be provided with a smoke control system in accordance with California Building Code, Section 909.

    914.3.8.2 Smokeproof exit enclosures. Every exit enclosure in high-rise buildings shall comply with California Building Code, Sections 909.20 and 1023.12. Every required stairway in Group I-2 occupancies serving floors more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall comply with Sections 909.20 and 1023.12 of the California Building Code.

    Exception: In high-rise buildings, exit enclosures serving three or less adjacent floors where one of the adjacent floors is the level of exit discharge.

    914.4 Atriums. Atriums shall comply with Sections 914.4.1 and 914.4.2.

    914.4.1 Automatic sprinkler system. An approved automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout the entire building.

    Exceptions:

    1. That area of a building adjacent to or above the atrium need not be sprinklered, provided that portion of the building is separated from the atrium portion by not less than a 2-hour fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the California Building Code or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711 of the California Building Code, or both.
    2. Where the ceiling of the atrium is more than 55 feet (16 764 mm) above the floor, sprinkler protection at the ceiling of the atrium is not required.

    914.4.2 Fire alarm system. A fire alarm system shall be provided where required by Section 907.2.14.

    914.5 Underground buildings. Underground buildings shall comply with Sections 914.5.1 through 914.5.5.

    914.5.1 Automatic sprinkler system. The highest level of exit discharge serving the underground portions of the building and all levels below shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Waterflow switches and control valves shall be supervised in accordance with Section 903.4.1.

    914.5.2 Smoke control system. A smoke control system is required to control the migration of products of combustion in accordance with Section 909 and provisions of this section. Smoke control shall restrict movement of smoke to the general area of fire origin and maintain means of egress in a usable condition.

    914.5.3 Compartment smoke control system. Where compartmentation is required by Section 405.4 of the California Building Code, each compartment shall have an independent smoke control system. The system shall be automatically activated and capable of manual operation in accordance with Section 907.2.18.

  • CFC § 914.3.1.2.1 High relevance — show source text

    914.3.1.2.1 Fire pumps. Redundant fire pump systems shall be required for high-rise buildings having an occupied floor more than 200 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. Each fire pump system shall be capable of automatically supplying the required demand for the automatic sprinkler and standpipe systems.

    914.3.2 Secondary water supply. An automatic secondary on-site water supply having a usable capacity not less than the hydraulically calculated sprinkler demand, including the hose stream requirement, shall be provided for high-rise buildings and Group I-2 occupancies having occupied floors located more than 75 ft above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F as determined by the California Building Code . An additional fire pump shall not be required for the secondary water supply unless needed to provide the minimum design intake pressure at the suction side of the fire pump supplying the automatic sprinkler system. The secondary water supply shall have a useable capacity of not less than the hydraulically calculated sprinkler demand plus 100 GPM for the inside hose stream, allowance for a duration of not less than 30 minutes as determined by the occupancy hazard classification in accordance with NFPA 13 , whichever is greater. The Class I stand- pipe system demand shall not be required to be included in the secondary on-site water supply calculations. In no case shall the secondary on-site water supply be less than 15,000 gallons.

    914.3.3 Fire alarm system. A fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.13.

    914.3.4 Automatic smoke detection. Smoke detection shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1.

    914.3.5 Emergency voice/alarm communication system. An emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

    914.3.6 Emergency responder communication coverage. In-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be provided in accordance with Section 510.

    914.3.7 Fire command. A fire command center complying with Section 508 shall be provided in a location approved by the fire department.

    914.3.8 Smoke control.

    914.3.8.1 Smoke control system. All portions of high-rise buildings shall be provided with a smoke control system in accordance with California Building Code, Section 909.

    914.3.8.2 Smokeproof exit enclosures. Every exit enclosure in high-rise buildings shall comply with California Building Code, Sections 909.20 and 1023.12. Every required stairway in Group I-2 occupancies serving floors more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall comply with Sections 909.20 and 1023.12 of the California Building Code.

    Exception: In high-rise buildings, exit enclosures serving three or less adjacent floors where one of the adjacent floors is the level of exit discharge.

    914.4 Atriums. Atriums shall comply with Sections 914.4.1 and 914.4.2.

    914.4.1 Automatic sprinkler system. An approved automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout the entire building.

  • CFC § 916.8 High relevance — show source text

    [F] 916.8 System activation. A gas detection alarm shall be initiated where any sensor detects a concentration of gas exceeding the following thresholds:

    1. For flammable gases, a gas concentration exceeding 25 percent of the lower flammability limit (LFL).
    2. For nonflammable gases, a gas concentration exceeding one-half of the IDLH, unless a different threshold is specified by the section of this code requiring a gas detection system.

    Upon activation of a gas detection alarm, alarm signals or other required responses shall be as specified by the section of this code requiring a gas detection system. Audible and visible alarm signals associated with a gas detection alarm shall be distinct from fire alarm and carbon monoxide alarm signals.

    [F] 916.9 Signage. Signs shall be provided adjacent to gas detection system alarm signaling devices that advise occupants of the nature of the signals and actions to take in response to the signal.

    [F] 916.10 Fire alarm system connections. Gas sensors and gas detection systems shall not be connected to fire alarm systems unless approved and connected in accordance with the fire alarm equipment manufacturer’s instructions.

    [F] 916.11 Inspection, testing and sensor calibration. Gas detection systems and sensors shall be inspected, tested and calibrated in accordance with the California Fire Code .

    SECTION 917—MASS NOTIFICATION SYSTEMS

    [F] 917.1 College and university campuses. Prior to construction of a new building requiring a fire alarm system on a multiplebuilding college or university campus having a cumulative building occupant load of 1,000 or more, a mass notification risk analysis shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 72. Where the risk analysis determines a need for mass notification, an approved mass notification system shall be provided in accordance with the findings of the risk analysis.

    [F] 917.2 Group E occupancies. Prior to construction of a new building containing a Group E occupancy requiring a fire alarm system and having an occupant load of 500 or more, a mass notification risk analysis shall be conducted in accordance with NFPA 72. Where the risk analysis determines a need for mass notification, an approved mass notification system shall be provided in accordance with the findings of the risk analysis.

    SECTION 918—EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATION COVERAGE

    [F] 918.1 General. In-building two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be provided in all new buildings in accordance with Section 510 of the California Fire Code .

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 9-59

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    9-60 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

    on Jul 18, 2025 11:14 AM (CDT) THEREUNDER.

    CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

    CHAPTER 10 – MEANS OF EGRESS

    (Matrix Adoption Tables are nonregulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

Frequently asked questions

What is an ERCES and who decides the system type?

An ERCES is an in‑building emergency responder communications enhancement system (DAS, signal boosters, or wired systems when approved). The fire code official and the jurisdiction’s frequency license holder(s) determine the required system type and technical criteria. §510.1, §510.4.2.2. file

Do all buildings need ERCES?

Not all buildings — the code requires ERCES for new buildings generally and for certain existing buildings per Chapter 11; small one‑story buildings ≤ 12,000 sq ft with no below‑ground areas and any building the fire code official determines not to need it are excepted. §510.1 and §1103.2. file

What minimum performance do tests verify?

Acceptance tests verify ≥95% two‑way coverage per floor (and 99% in critical areas) and DAQ 3.0 (or equivalent) voice quality; testing uses the agency’s calibrated portable radios and follows the grid procedure in §510.5.4. file

Is FCC approval required?

Yes — active RF devices that require certification must have radio licensing authority certification before installation, and installations must comply with applicable FCC rules (e.g., 47 CFR Part 90.219). §510.5.2.1, §510.5.5.

How often must the ERCES be tested and reported?

Annual inspections and tests are required (coverage test, amplifier gain checks, battery/load checks, active component checks); results must be submitted to the fire code official. §510.6.1.

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