CBC · California Building Code

Clear floor/ground space and reach ranges for fixtures and controls

For homeowners: the CBC requires a clear area (30×48 inches) in front of sinks, controls and fixtures so someone using a wheelchair can reach them. That area must be flat and properly positioned for forward or parallel approach, and switches, dispensers and other controls must be placed within specific height limits (generally between 15 and 48 inches) or within the obstructed-reach rules if there’s an obstruction. Complying with § 11B-305 and the reach rules keeps fixtures usable and accessible.

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Last reviewed: July 5, 2026

What the code requires

Clear floor or ground space must be provided wherever people using wheelchairs need to approach fixtures, equipment or controls; the clear space must meet the size, surface and positioning rules in § 11B-305 and its General statement § 11B-305.1. Reach ranges for operable parts (high and low, forward and side, and obstructed reaches) are specified in the reach-range provisions and apply to controls and fixtures so they are usable from the required clear floor/ground space (§ 11B-305.1; see also § 11B-308).

Requirements in detail

Basic rule (where and how to provide clear space)

  • General: Clear floor or ground space shall comply with Section 11B-305 (§ 11B-305.1).
  • Floor/ground surfaces: surfaces within the clear space must meet the walking-surface rules (no changes in level, slopes no steeper than 1:48, no detectable warnings in the space) (§ 11B-305.2).
  • Size: The required clear floor/ground space is 30 in (762 mm) minimum by 48 in (1219 mm) minimum (§ 11B-305.3).
  • Position: Unless another provision requires otherwise, the clear space must be positioned for either a forward or parallel approach to the element (§ 11B-305.5).
  • Approach/adjoining: One full, unobstructed side of the clear space must adjoin an accessible route or another clear floor space. Clear floor space may overlap an accessible route unless specifically prohibited elsewhere (§ 11B-305.6).

Knee and toe clearance (when the clear space includes knee/toe space)

  • Unless otherwise specified, the clear floor space may include knee and toe clearance that must comply with Section 11B-306 (see § 11B-305.4). For specific depths/widths and vertical clearances see § 11B-306.

Maneuvering where confined (alcoves)

  • If the clear space sits in an alcove or three-sided enclosure, additional maneuvering clearance is required: for forward approach, alcoves deeper than 24 in must be 36 in wide minimum; for parallel approach, alcoves deeper than 15 in must be 60 in wide minimum (§ 11B-305.7, § 11B-305.7.1, § 11B-305.7.2).

Reach ranges for controls and fixtures

  • Operable parts and controls must be placed within the reach ranges described in Section 11B-308; operable parts also require clear floor space complying with § 11B-305 (§ 11B-309.2–.3). In short: provide the 30×48 clear space and place controls within the permitted high and low reach limits in § 11B-308.

Key numeric values (decision-relevant) — see Code Reference column for source:

Item Dimension / Limit Code reference
Clear floor/ground space size 30 in × 48 in (762 × 1219 mm) minimum § 11B-305.3
Surface slope & changes in level No changes in level; slopes ≤ 1:48 in the space; no detectable warnings § 11B-305.2
Adjoining accessible route One full unobstructed side must adjoin an accessible route or another clear space § 11B-305.6
Alcove — forward approach width 36 in wide minimum when depth > 24 in § 11B-305.7.1
Alcove — parallel approach width 60 in wide minimum when depth > 15 in § 11B-305.7.2
Unobstructed forward/side high reach 48 in (1219 mm) maximum above finish floor § 11B-308.2.1 / § 11B-308.3.1
Unobstructed low reach 15 in (381 mm) minimum above finish floor § 11B-308.2.1 / § 11B-308.3.1
Obstructed forward high reach (shallower obstruction) 48 in max where reach depth ≤ 20 in; if depth > 20 in to ≤ 25 in, high forward reach = 44 in max § 11B-308.2.2
Obstructed side reach limits Obstruction height ≤ 34 in and depth ≤ 24 in; for reach depth ≤ 10 in high side reach = 48 in; if depth >10 to ≤24 in, high side reach = 46 in § 11B-308.3.2
Exceptions (appliance tops, fuel dispensers) Washer/dryer tops and kitchen countertops in dwelling units permitted up to 36 in; fuel dispenser parts may be 54 in where installed on existing curbs § 11B-308 exceptions
Operable-parts operation force and one-hand operation Operable parts must be operable with one hand; activation force ≤ 5 lbf (22.2 N) (with listed exceptions) § 11B-309.4

Notes on measurement: for electrical switches and receptacles the low reach is measured to the bottom of the outlet box and the high reach to the top of the box per § 11B-308.1.1–.1.2.

Exceptions & special cases

  • Children’s elements: where elements are designed primarily for children, suggested (permissible) reach ranges are in Table 11B-308.4 (e.g., high reaches 36–44 in depending on age group) — these are allowed in place of the adult ranges where the element is for children’s use.
  • Appliance tops / counters in dwelling units: kitchen countertops and tops of washers/dryers may be 36 in max above finish floor (exception to some obstructed-reach limits) (§ 11B-308 exceptions).
  • Fuel dispensers: operable parts of fuel dispensers may be located up to 54 in above adjacent vehicular-way surface where installed on existing curbs (exception in § 11B-308).
  • Where the reach is over an obstruction the clear space must extend beneath the element at least as far as the reach depth (§ 11B-308.2.2).

If a particular built-in element or fixture has a specific section (for example lavatories, drinking fountains, urinals, dining surfaces), the model provision will call out that a clear space complying with § 11B-305 be provided and may further require knee/toe clearance or specific approach orientation (see, for example, drinking fountains § 11B-602.2 and lavatories § 11B-606.2).

Common mistakes

  • Assuming any 30×48 area anywhere is compliant — the space must be properly positioned for forward or parallel approach and must adjoin an accessible route (§ 11B-305.5–.6).
  • Forgetting surface restrictions — placing the clear space on a slope or with a change in level or detectable warning invalidates the space (§ 11B-305.2).
  • Overlooking maneuvering requirements for alcoves — a 30×48 space in a deep alcove can be unusable unless alcove width is increased per § 11B-305.7.
  • Putting controls outside the reach range (too high or too low) even though a clear space exists — operable parts must also be within the reach ranges of § 11B-308 and § 11B-309.
  • Allowing doors or fixtures to encroach into or block the required clear space (doors may be permitted to swing into some required spaces only where explicitly allowed elsewhere) — check the local fixture section and door-swing rules.

Worked example

Scenario: A wall-mounted soap dispenser is being installed at a public restroom sink. The site provides a wheelchair approach parallel to the sink (parallel approach). The dispenser's centerline will be 46 inches above the finish floor and the area in front of it is a flat surface.

Step-by-step compliance check:

  1. Clear floor/ground space: Provide a 30 in × 48 in clear space positioned for a parallel approach adjacent to the dispenser (§ 11B-305.3, § 11B-305.5).
  2. Surface: Ensure the clear space has no changes in level and slope ≤ 1:48 (§ 11B-305.2).
  3. Reach range: For an unobstructed side reach the high side reach may be up to 48 in maximum and the low side reach must be at least 15 in (§ 11B-308.3.1). A dispenser at 46 in is within the unobstructed side reach limit (46 in ≤ 48 in) so the height is acceptable.
  4. Operability: The dispenser operable part must be operable with one hand and not require tight grasping; activation force must be ≤ 5 lbf unless a specific exception applies (§ 11B-309.4).

Result: The dispenser at 46 in with a properly provided 30×48 parallel clear space on compliant surface is compliant with the clear-space and reach-range rules cited above. If the dispenser were over an obstruction (for example, recessed behind a 12-in deep bumper), check the obstructed-reach rules in § 11B-308.3.2 and extend clear floor space beneath the element as required.

Related provisions

  • § 11B-306 — Knee and toe clearance (dimensions when clear spaces include knee/toe space).
  • § 11B-308 — Reach ranges (forward, side, obstructed, and children’s suggested ranges).
  • § 11B-309 — Operable parts (clear space, placement within reach ranges, operation force and one-hand use).
  • § 11B-602 — Drinking fountains (clear space and approach orientation).
  • § 11B-603 — Toilet room fixtures and accessory placement (mirrors, dispensers, operable parts).
  • § 11B-407.2.1 — Elevator call controls (reach and clear space at call buttons).

Code references

Grounded in the retrieved California Building Code — click a citation to read the verbatim passage:

  • CBC § 11A-1 High relevance — show source text

    2. Obstructed high reach. When a clear floor space allows a parallel approach to an element and the high side reach is over an obstruction, the height of the obstruction shall be 34 inches (864 mm) maximum and the depth of the obstruction shall be 24 inches (610 mm) maximum. The high side reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 10 inches (254 mm) maximum. When the reach depth exceeds 10 inches (254 mm), but no more than 24 inches (610 mm), the high side reach shall be 46 inches (1168 mm) maximum. (See Figure 11A-1J(c).) Exception: Kitchen countertops in dwelling units, and the top of washing machines and clothes dryers shall be permitted to be 36 inches (914 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    1138A.4 Controls and operating mechanisms .

    Note: See also Section 1142A for receptacle, switch and control installation.

    1138A.4.1 General. Controls and operating mechanisms in accessible spaces, along accessible routes or as part of accessible elements shall comply with this section.

    1138A.4.2 Clear floor space. Clear floor space complying with Section 1138A.1.4 that allows a forward or parallel approach by a person using a wheelchair shall be provided at all controls and operating mechanisms.

    1138A.4.3 Height. Controls and operating mechanisms shall be located no higher than 48 inches (1219 mm), and no lower than 15 inches (381 mm), above the finished floor measured to the center of the grip. If the reach is over an obstruction (for example, washer or dryer), controls and operating mechanisms shall be located within the reach ranges specified in Section 1138A.3. Controls and operating mechanisms that do not satisfy these specifications are acceptable, provided that comparable mechanisms, controls or outlets, that perform the same functions, are provided within the same area and are accessible.

    1138A.4.4 Operation. Controls and operating mechanisms shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate controls and operating mechanisms shall be no greater than 5 pounds (22.2 N).

    SECTION 1139A —ACCESSIBLE DRINKING FOUNTAINS

    1139A.1 General. Drinking fountains and water coolers in common use areas and/or sites shall comply with this section. A side approach drinking fountain is not acceptable. (See Figure 11A-11A.)

    1139A.2 Accessible route. Drinking fountains and water coolers shall be on an accessible route.

    1139A.3 Depth. Drinking fountains shall be a minimum of 18 inches (457 mm) and a maximum of 19 inches (483 mm) in depth.

    1139A.4 Clear floor space. Drinking fountains shall be provided with 30 inches by 48 inches (762 mm by 1219 mm) clear floor space, centered on the unit. The clear floor space shall be positioned for a forward approach.

    1139A.4.1 Knee and toe space. Drinking fountains shall be provided with a clear and unobstructed knee and toe space. Knee and toe space shall comply with Section 1138A.2.

  • CBC § 1138A.2.2.1 High relevance — show source text

    1138A.2.2.1 Minimum width. Toe space shall be 30 inches (762 mm) wide minimum.

    1138A.2.2.2 Maximum depth. Toe space shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an element.

    1138A.2.2.3 Minimum depth. When toe space is required under an element as part of a clear floor space, the toe space shall extend 17 inches (432 mm) minimum under the element, measured from the front edge of the element.

    Exceptions: 1. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under sinks required to be accessible. 2. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under build-in dining and work surfaces required to be accessible.

    1138A.2.2.4 Additional clearance. Space extending greater than 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the available knee space at 9 inches (229 mm) above the finish floor shall not be considered toe space.

    1138A.3 Reach ranges.

    1138A.3.1 Forward reach.

    1. Unobstructed. When the clear floor space allows only forward approach to an object, the maximum high forward reach allowed shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) and the minimum low forward reach shall be no less than 15 inches (381 mm) above the finish floor. (See Figure 11A-1I(a)). 2. Obstructed high reach. When the high forward reach is over an obstruction, the clear floor space shall extend beneath the element for a distance not less than the reach depth over the obstruction.

    The high forward reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum when the reach depth is 20 inches (508 mm) maximum. When the reach depth exceeds 20 inches (508 mm), but is not more than 25 inches (635 mm), the high forward reach shall be 44 inches (1118 mm) maximum. (See Figure 11A-1I(b).)

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11A-39

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    HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY

    1138A.3.2 Side reach.

    1. Unobstructed. When a clear floor space allows a parallel approach to an element, and the side reach is unobstructed, the high side reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum, and the low side reach shall be 15 inches (381 mm) minimum above the finish floor. (See Figures 11A-1J(a) and 11A-1J(b).)

    Exceptions:

    1. An obstruction shall be permitted between the clear floor space and the element when the depth of the obstruction is 10 inches (254 mm) maximum. 2. Bookshelves shall be permitted to be 54 inches (1372 mm) maximum above the finish floor. Bookshelves may be greater than 54 inches (1372 mm) above the finish floor when an attendant is available to assist persons with disabilities.

  • CBC § 11A-1 High relevance — show source text

    The high forward reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum when the reach depth is 20 inches (508 mm) maximum. When the reach depth exceeds 20 inches (508 mm), but is not more than 25 inches (635 mm), the high forward reach shall be 44 inches (1118 mm) maximum. (See Figure 11A-1I(b).)

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11A-39

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    HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY

    1138A.3.2 Side reach.

    1. Unobstructed. When a clear floor space allows a parallel approach to an element, and the side reach is unobstructed, the high side reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum, and the low side reach shall be 15 inches (381 mm) minimum above the finish floor. (See Figures 11A-1J(a) and 11A-1J(b).)

    Exceptions:

    1. An obstruction shall be permitted between the clear floor space and the element when the depth of the obstruction is 10 inches (254 mm) maximum. 2. Bookshelves shall be permitted to be 54 inches (1372 mm) maximum above the finish floor. Bookshelves may be greater than 54 inches (1372 mm) above the finish floor when an attendant is available to assist persons with disabilities.

    2. Obstructed high reach. When a clear floor space allows a parallel approach to an element and the high side reach is over an obstruction, the height of the obstruction shall be 34 inches (864 mm) maximum and the depth of the obstruction shall be 24 inches (610 mm) maximum. The high side reach shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 10 inches (254 mm) maximum. When the reach depth exceeds 10 inches (254 mm), but no more than 24 inches (610 mm), the high side reach shall be 46 inches (1168 mm) maximum. (See Figure 11A-1J(c).) Exception: Kitchen countertops in dwelling units, and the top of washing machines and clothes dryers shall be permitted to be 36 inches (914 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    1138A.4 Controls and operating mechanisms .

    Note: See also Section 1142A for receptacle, switch and control installation.

    1138A.4.1 General. Controls and operating mechanisms in accessible spaces, along accessible routes or as part of accessible elements shall comply with this section.

    1138A.4.2 Clear floor space. Clear floor space complying with Section 1138A.1.4 that allows a forward or parallel approach by a person using a wheelchair shall be provided at all controls and operating mechanisms.

  • CBC § 309.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 11B- 309 — OPERABLE PARTS

    11B- 309.1 General. Operable parts shall comply with Section 11B- 309 .

    11B- 309.2 Clear floor space. A clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 shall be provided.

    11B- 309.3 Height. Operable parts shall be placed within one or more of the reach ranges specified in Section 11B- 308 .

    11B- 309.4 Operation. Operable parts shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate operable parts shall be 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

    Exception: Gas pump nozzles and electric vehicle connectors shall not be required to provide operable parts that have an activating force of 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

    11B-48 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

    DIVISION 4: ACCESSIBLE ROUTES

    SECTION 11B- 401 — GENERAL

    11B- 401.1 Scope. The provisions of Division 4 shall apply where required by Division 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this chapter.

    SECTION 11B- 402 — ACCESSIBLE ROUTES

    11B- 402.1 General. Accessible routes shall comply with 11B- 402 .

    11B- 402.2 Components. Accessible routes shall consist of one or more of the following components: walking surfaces with a running slope not steeper than 1:20, doorways, ramps, curb ramps excluding the flared sides, elevators and platform lifts. All components of an accessible route shall comply with the applicable requirements of Division 4 .

    SECTION 11B- 403 —W ALKING SURFACES

    11B- 403.1 General. Walking surfaces that are a part of an accessible route shall comply with Section 11B- 403 .

    11B- 403.2 Floor or ground surface. Floor or ground surfaces shall comply with Section 11B- 302 .

    11B- 403.3 Slope. The running slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:20. The cross slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:48.

    Exception: The running slope of sidewalks shall not exceed the general grade established for the adjacent street or highway.

    11B- 403.4 Changes in level. Changes in level shall comply with Section 11B- 303 .

    11B- 403.5 Clearances. Walking surfaces shall provide clearances complying with Section 11B- 403.5.

    Exception: Within employee work areas, clearances on common use circulation paths shall be permitted to be decreased by work area equipment provided that the decrease is essential to the function of the work being performed.

  • CBC § 1138A.2.1.1 High relevance — show source text

    1138A.2.1.1 Minimum width. Knee space shall be 30 inches (762 mm) wide minimum.

    1138A.2.1.2 Maximum depth. Knee space shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an element at 9 inches (229 mm) above the finish floor.

    1138A.2.1.3 Minimum depth. When knee space is required under an element as part of a clear floor space, the knee space shall be 11 inches (279 mm) deep minimum at 9 inches (229 mm) above the finish floor, and 8 inches (203 mm) deep minimum at 27 inches (686 mm) above the finish floor, measured from the front edge of the element.

    Exceptions: 1. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under sinks required to be accessible. 2. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under built-in dining and work surfaces required to be accessible.

    1138A.2.1.4 Clearance reduction. Between 9 inches (229 mm) and 27 inches (686 mm) above the finish floor, the knee space shall be permitted to be reduced at a rate of 1 inch (25 mm) in depth for each 6 inches (152 mm) in height.

    1138A.2.2 Toe space. Space under an element between the finish floor and 9 inches (229 mm) above the finish floor shall be consid- ered toe space.

    1138A.2.2.1 Minimum width. Toe space shall be 30 inches (762 mm) wide minimum.

    1138A.2.2.2 Maximum depth. Toe space shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an element.

    1138A.2.2.3 Minimum depth. When toe space is required under an element as part of a clear floor space, the toe space shall extend 17 inches (432 mm) minimum under the element, measured from the front edge of the element.

    Exceptions: 1. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under sinks required to be accessible. 2. Combined knee and toe space shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under build-in dining and work surfaces required to be accessible.

    1138A.2.2.4 Additional clearance. Space extending greater than 6 inches (152 mm) beyond the available knee space at 9 inches (229 mm) above the finish floor shall not be considered toe space.

    1138A.3 Reach ranges.

    1138A.3.1 Forward reach.

    1. Unobstructed. When the clear floor space allows only forward approach to an object, the maximum high forward reach allowed shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) and the minimum low forward reach shall be no less than 15 inches (381 mm) above the finish floor. (See Figure 11A-1I(a)). 2. Obstructed high reach. When the high forward reach is over an obstruction, the clear floor space shall extend beneath the element for a distance not less than the reach depth over the obstruction.

  • CBC § 1015.2 High relevance — show source text

    Exception: Where a guard complying with Chapter 10, Sections 1015.2 through 1015.4 is provided, the guard shall not be required to comply with Section 11B -1005.2.1.

    11B- 1005.2.1.1 Dispersion. Railings, guards or handrails required to comply with Section 11B- 1005.2.1 shall be dispersed throughout the fishing pier or platform.

    11B- 1005.3 Edge protection. Where railings, guards or handrails complying with Section 11B- 1005.2 are provided, edge protection complying with Section 11B- 1005.3.1 or 11B- 1005.3.2 shall be provided.

    11B- 1005.3.1 Curb or barrier. Curbs or barriers shall extend 2 inches (51 mm) minimum above the surface of the fishing pier or platform.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11B-141

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    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

    11B- 1005.3.2 Extended ground or deck surface. The ground or deck surface shall extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimum beyond the inside face of the railing. Toe clearance shall be provided and shall be 30 inches ( 762 mm) wide minimum and 9 inches ( 229 mm) minimum above the ground or deck surface beyond the railing .

    FIGURE 11B -1005.3.2—EXTENDED GROUND OR DECK SURFACE AT FISHING PIERS AND PLATFORMS

    11B- 1005.4 Clear floor or ground space. At each location where there are railings, guards or handrails complying with Section 11B- 1005.2.1, a clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 shall be provided. Where there are no railings, guards or handrails, at least one clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 shall be provided on the fishing pier or platform.

    11B- 1005.5 Turning space. At least one turning space complying with Section 11B- 304.3 shall be provided on fishing piers and platforms.

    SECTION 11B- 1006 — GOLF FACILITIES

    11B- 1006.1 General. Golf facilities shall comply with Section 11B- 1006 .

    11B- 1006.2 Accessible routes. Accessible routes serving teeing grounds, practice teeing grounds, putting greens, practice putting greens, teeing stations at driving ranges, course weather shelters, golf car rental areas, bag drop areas and course toilet rooms shall comply with Division 4 and shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) wide minimum. Where handrails are provided, accessible routes shall be 60 inches ( 1524 mm) wide minimum.

    Exception: Handrails shall not be required on golf courses. Where handrails are provided on golf courses, the handrails shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 505 .

  • CBC § 308.1 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 308.1 General. Reach ranges shall comply with Section 11B- 308 .

    11B-308.1.1 Electrical switches. Controls and switches intended to be used by the occupant of a room or area to control lighting and receptacle outlets, appliances or cooling, heating and ventilating equipment, shall comply with Section 11B-308 except the low reach shall be measured to the bottom of the outlet box and the high reach shall be measured to the top of the outlet box.

    11B-308.1.2 Electrical receptacle outlets. Electrical receptacle outlets on branch circuits of 30 amperes or less and communication system receptacles shall comply with Section 11B-308 except the low reach shall be measured to the bottom of the outlet box and the high reach shall be measured to the top of the outlet box.

    11B- 308.2 Forward reach.

    11B- 308.2.1 Unobstructed. Where a forward reach is unobstructed, the high forward reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum and the low forward reach shall be 15 inches ( 381 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground.

    FIGURE 11B- 308.2.1—UNOBSTRUCTED FORWARD REACH

    11B-46 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    11B- 308.2.2 Obstructed high reach. Where a high forward reach is over an obstruction, the clear floor space shall extend beneath the element for a distance not less than the required reach depth over the obstruction. The high forward reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum where the reach depth is 20 inches ( 508 mm) maximum. Where the reach depth exceeds 20 inches ( 508 mm), the high forward reach shall be 44 inches ( 1118 mm) maximum and the reach depth shall be 25 inches (635 mm) maximum.

    FIGURE 11B- 308.2.2—OBSTRUCTED HIGH FORWARD REACH

    11B- 308.3 Side reach.

    11B- 308.3.1 Unobstructed. Where a clear floor or ground space allows a parallel approach to an element and the side reach is unobstructed, the high side reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum and the low side reach shall be 15 inches ( 381 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground.

    Exceptions:

    1. An obstruction shall be permitted between the clear floor or ground space and the element where the depth of the obstruction is 10 inches ( 254 mm) maximum.

    2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing curbs.

    FIGURE 11B- 308.3.1—UNOBSTRUCTED SIDE REACH

  • CBC § 11B-47 High relevance — show source text

    Exceptions:

    1. The top of washing machines and clothes dryers shall be permitted to be 36 inches ( 914 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing curbs.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11B-47

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    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

    FIGURE 11B- 308.3.2—OBSTRUCTED HIGH SIDE REACH

    11B- 308.4 Suggested reach ranges for children. Where building elements such as coat hooks, lockers or operable parts are designed for use primarily by children, the suggested dimensions of Table 11B -308.4 shall be permitted. These dimensions apply to either forward or side reaches.

    TABLE 11B-308.4—SUGGESTED DIMENSIONS FOR CHILDREN’S USE Col2 Col3 Col4
    SUGGESTED REACH RANGES FOR CHILDREN AGES 3 THROUGH 12 SUGGESTED REACH RANGES FOR CHILDREN AGES 3 THROUGH 12 SUGGESTED REACH RANGES FOR CHILDREN AGES 3 THROUGH 12 SUGGESTED REACH RANGES FOR CHILDREN AGES 3 THROUGH 12
    Forward or Side Reach Ages 3 and 4 Ages 5 through 8 Ages 9 through 12
    High (maximum) 36 inches (914 mm) 40 inches (1016 mm) 44 inches (1118 mm)
    Low (minimum) 20 inches (508 mm) 18 inches (457 mm) 16 inches (406 mm)

    SECTION 11B- 309 — OPERABLE PARTS

    11B- 309.1 General. Operable parts shall comply with Section 11B- 309 .

    11B- 309.2 Clear floor space. A clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 shall be provided.

    11B- 309.3 Height. Operable parts shall be placed within one or more of the reach ranges specified in Section 11B- 308 .

    11B- 309.4 Operation. Operable parts shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate operable parts shall be 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

    Exception: Gas pump nozzles and electric vehicle connectors shall not be required to provide operable parts that have an activating force of 5 pounds (22.2 N) maximum.

    11B-48 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

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    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

  • CBC § 308.2.2 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 308.2.2 Obstructed high reach. Where a high forward reach is over an obstruction, the clear floor space shall extend beneath the element for a distance not less than the required reach depth over the obstruction. The high forward reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum where the reach depth is 20 inches ( 508 mm) maximum. Where the reach depth exceeds 20 inches ( 508 mm), the high forward reach shall be 44 inches ( 1118 mm) maximum and the reach depth shall be 25 inches (635 mm) maximum.

    FIGURE 11B- 308.2.2—OBSTRUCTED HIGH FORWARD REACH

    11B- 308.3 Side reach.

    11B- 308.3.1 Unobstructed. Where a clear floor or ground space allows a parallel approach to an element and the side reach is unobstructed, the high side reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum and the low side reach shall be 15 inches ( 381 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground.

    Exceptions:

    1. An obstruction shall be permitted between the clear floor or ground space and the element where the depth of the obstruction is 10 inches ( 254 mm) maximum.

    2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing curbs.

    FIGURE 11B- 308.3.1—UNOBSTRUCTED SIDE REACH

    11B- 308.3.2 Obstructed high reach. Where a clear floor or ground space allows a parallel approach to an element and the high side reach is over an obstruction, the height of the obstruction shall be 34 inches ( 864 mm) maximum and the depth of the obstruction shall be 24 inches (610 mm) maximum. The high side reach shall be 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 10 inches ( 254 mm) maximum. Where the reach depth exceeds 10 inches ( 254 mm), the high side reach shall be 46 inches ( 1168 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 24 inches ( 610 mm) maximum.

    Exceptions:

    1. The top of washing machines and clothes dryers shall be permitted to be 36 inches ( 914 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    2. Operable parts of fuel dispensers shall be permitted to be 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum measured from the surface of the vehicular way where fuel dispensers are installed on existing curbs.

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11B-47

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    FIGURE 11B- 308.3.2—OBSTRUCTED HIGH SIDE REACH

    11B- 308.4 Suggested reach ranges for children. Where building elements such as coat hooks, lockers or operable parts are designed for use primarily by children, the suggested dimensions of Table 11B -308.4 shall be permitted. These dimensions apply to either forward or side reaches.

  • CBC § 11B-40 High relevance — show source text

    11B-248 Common Use Areas and Employee Work Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-40

    11B-249 Adult Changing Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-40

    11B-250 Circulation Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-40

    DIVISION 3 – BUILDING BLOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-41

    11B-301 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-41

    11B-302 Floor or Ground Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-41

    11B-303 Changes in Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-41

    11B-304 Turning Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-42

    11B-305 Clear Floor or Ground Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-42

    11B-306 Knee and Toe Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-44

    11B-307 Protruding Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-45

    11B-308 Reach Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-46

    11B-309 Operable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-48

    DIVISION 4 – ACCESSIBLE ROUTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-49

    11B-401 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-49

    11B-402 Accessible Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-49

    11B-403 Walking Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-49

    11B-404 Doors, Doorways and Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B-50

  • CBC § 1008.4.2 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 1008.4.2 Clear floor or ground space. Clear floor or ground space complying with Sections 11B- 305.2 and 11B- 305.3 shall be provided at play components.

    11B- 1008.4.3 Play tables. Where play tables are provided, knee clearance 24 inches (610 mm) high minimum, 17 inches deep ( 432 mm) minimum, and 30 inches ( 762 mm) wide minimum shall be provided. The tops of rims, curbs or other obstructions shall be 31 inches ( 787 mm) high maximum.

    Exception: Play tables designed and constructed primarily for children 5 years and younger shall not be required to provide knee clearance where the clear floor or ground space required by Section 11B- 1008.4.2 is arranged for a parallel approach.

    11B- 1008.4.4 Entry points and seats. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats, the entry points or seats shall be 11 inches (279 mm) minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the clear floor or ground space.

    Exception: Entry points of slides shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 1008.4.4.

    11B- 1008.4.5 Transfer supports. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats, at least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

    SECTION 11B- 1009 — SWIMMING POOLS, WADING POOLS AND SPAS

    11B- 1009.1 General. Where provided, pool lifts, sloped entries, transfer walls, transfer systems and pool stairs shall comply with Section 11B- 1009 .

    11B- 1009.2 Pool lifts. Pool lifts shall comply with Section 11B- 1009.2.

    11B- 1009.2.1 Pool lift location. Pool lifts shall be located where the water level is 36 inches (914 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1219 mm) maximum.

    Exceptions:

    1. Where the entire pool depth is less than 36 inches (914 mm) or greater than 48 inches ( 1219 mm), compliance with Section 11B- 1009.2.1 shall not be required.

    2. Where multiple pool lift locations are provided, no more than one pool lift shall be required to be located in an area where the water level is 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum.

    11B- 1009.2.2 Seat location. In the raised position, the centerline of the seat shall be located over the deck and 16 inches ( 406 mm) minimum from the edge of the pool. The deck surface between the centerline of the seat and the pool edge shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48.

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    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

    FIGURE 11B- 1009.2.2—POOL LIFT SEAT LOCATION

  • CBC § 11B-133 High relevance — show source text

    2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 11B-133

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    DIVISION 9: BUILT-IN ELEMENTS

    SECTION 11B- 901 — GENERAL

    11B- 901.1 Scope. The provisions of Division 9 shall apply where required by Division 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this chapter.

    SECTION 11B- 902 — DINING SURFACES AND WORK SURFACES

    11B- 902.1 General. Dining surfaces and work surfaces shall comply with Sections 11B- 902.2 and 11B- 902.3.

    Exception: Dining surfaces and work surfaces for children’s use shall be permitted to comply with Section 11B- 902.4.

    11B- 902.2 Clear floor or ground space. A clear floor space complying with Section 11B- 305 positioned for a forward approach shall be provided. Knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 shall be provided.

    11B-902.2.1 Overlap. The clear floor space at dining surfaces shall not overlap the accessible route.

    11B- 902.3 Height. The tops of dining surfaces and work surfaces shall be 28 inches ( 711 mm) minimum and 34 inches ( 864 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

    11B- 902.4 Dining surfaces and work surfaces for children’s use. Accessible dining surfaces and work surfaces for children’s use shall comply with Section 11B- 902.4.

    Exception: Dining surfaces and work surfaces that are used primarily by children 5 years and younger shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 902.4 where a clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 positioned for a parallel approach is provided.

    11B- 902.4.1 Clear floor or ground space. A clear floor space complying with Section 11B- 305 positioned for forward approach shall be provided. Knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 shall be provided, except that knee clearance 24 inches (610 mm) minimum above the finish floor or ground shall be permitted.

    11B- 902.4.2 Height. The tops of tables and counters shall be 26 inches (660 mm) minimum and 30 inches ( 762 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

    SECTION 11B- 903 — BENCHES

    11B- 903.1 General. Benches shall comply with Section 11B- 903 .

    11B- 903.2 Clear floor or ground space. Clear floor or ground space complying with Section 11B- 305 shall be provided and shall be positioned at the end of the bench seat and parallel to the short axis of the bench.

  • CBC § 804.6.2 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 804.6.2 Operable parts. All appliance controls shall comply with Section 11B- 309 .

    Exceptions:

    1. Appliance doors and door latching devices shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 309.4.
    2. Bottom-hinged appliance doors, when in the open position, shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 309.3.

    11B- 804.6.3 Dishwasher. Clear floor or ground space shall be positioned adjacent to the dishwasher door. The dishwasher door, in the open position, shall not obstruct the clear floor or ground space for the dishwasher or the sink.

    11B- 804.6.4 Range or cooktop. Where a forward approach is provided, the clear floor or ground space shall provide knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306. Where knee and toe space is provided, the underside of the range or cooktop shall be insulated or otherwise configured to prevent burns, abrasions or electrical shock. The location of controls shall not require reaching across burners.

    11B- 804.6.5 Oven. Ovens shall comply with Section 11B- 804.6.5.

    11B- 804.6.5.1 Side-hinged door ovens. Side-hinged door ovens shall have the work surface required by Section 11B- 804.3 positioned adjacent to the latch side of the oven door.

    11B- 804.6.5.2 Bottom-hinged door ovens. Bottom-hinged door ovens shall have the work surface required by Section 11B- 804.3 positioned adjacent to one side of the door.

    11B- 804.6.5.3 Controls. Ovens shall have controls on front panels.

    11B- 804.6.6 Refrigerator/freezer. Combination refrigerators and freezers shall have at least 50 percent of the freezer space 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. The clear floor or ground space shall be positioned for a parallel approach to the space dedicated to a refrigerator/freezer with the centerline of the clear floor or ground space offset 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the centerline of the dedicated space.

    SECTION 11B- 805 — MEDICAL CARE AND LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES

    11B-805.1 General. Medical care facilities and long-term care facilities shall comply with Section 11B-805. All common use spaces and public use spaces in medical care facilities and long-term care facilities shall comply with this chapter.

    11B-805.2 Patient bedrooms and resident sleeping rooms. Patient bedrooms and resident sleeping rooms required to provide mobil- ity features shall comply with Section 11B-805.2.

    11B-805.2.1 Hand washing fixtures. Hand washing fixtures shall comply with Section 11B-606.

    11B-805.2.2 Beds. A 36 inch (914 mm) minimum wide clear space shall be provided along the full length of each side of the beds.

    11B-805.2.3 Turning space. Turning space complying with Section 11B-304 shall be provided within the room.

  • CBC § 305.1 High relevance — show source text

    SECTION 11B- 305 — CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

    11B- 305.1 General. Clear floor or ground space shall comply with Section 11B- 305 .

    11B- 305.2 Floor or ground surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of a clear floor or ground space shall comply with Section 11B-302. Changes in level, slopes exceeding 1:48, and detectable warnings shall not be permitted.

    Exception: Reserved.

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    11B- 305.3 Size. The clear floor or ground space shall be 30 inches ( 762 mm) minimum by 48 inches ( 1219 mm) minimum .

    FIGURE 11B- 305.3—CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

    11B- 305.4 Knee and toe clearance. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 . 11B- 305.5 Position. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be positioned for either forward or parallel approach to an element.

    FIGURE 11B- 305.5—POSITION OF CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

    11B- 305.6 Approach. One full unobstructed side of the clear floor or ground space shall adjoin an accessible route or adjoin another clear floor or ground space. Clear floor or ground space may overlap an accessible route, unless specifically prohibited elsewhere in this chapter. 11B- 305.7 Maneuvering clearance. Where a clear floor or ground space is located in an alcove or otherwise confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearance shall be provided in accordance with Sections 11B- 305.7.1 and 11B- 305.7.2. 11B- 305.7.1 Forward approach. Alcoves shall be 36 inches ( 914 mm) wide minimum where the depth exceeds 24 inches (610 mm).

    FIGURE 11B- 305.7.1—MANEUVERING CLEARANCE IN AN ALCOVE, FORWARD APPROACH

    11B- 305.7.2 Parallel approach. Alcoves shall be 60 inches ( 1524 mm) wide minimum where the depth exceeds 15 inches ( 381 mm).

    FIGURE 11B- 305.7.2—MANEUVERING CLEARANCE IN AN ALCOVE, PARALLEL APPROACH

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    SECTION 11B- 306 — KNEE AND TOE CLEARANCE

  • CBC § 804.6.5.3 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 804.6.5.3 Controls. Ovens shall have controls on front panels.

    11B- 804.6.6 Refrigerator/freezer. Combination refrigerators and freezers shall have at least 50 percent of the freezer space 54 inches ( 1372 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. The clear floor or ground space shall be positioned for a parallel approach to the space dedicated to a refrigerator/freezer with the centerline of the clear floor or ground space offset 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the centerline of the dedicated space.

    SECTION 11B- 805 — MEDICAL CARE AND LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES

    11B-805.1 General. Medical care facilities and long-term care facilities shall comply with Section 11B-805. All common use spaces and public use spaces in medical care facilities and long-term care facilities shall comply with this chapter.

    11B-805.2 Patient bedrooms and resident sleeping rooms. Patient bedrooms and resident sleeping rooms required to provide mobil- ity features shall comply with Section 11B-805.2.

    11B-805.2.1 Hand washing fixtures. Hand washing fixtures shall comply with Section 11B-606.

    11B-805.2.2 Beds. A 36 inch (914 mm) minimum wide clear space shall be provided along the full length of each side of the beds.

    11B-805.2.3 Turning space. Turning space complying with Section 11B-304 shall be provided within the room.

    11B-805.2.4 Toilet and bathing rooms. Toilet and bathing rooms that are provided as part of patient bedrooms and resident sleep- ing rooms complying with Section 11B-223.2 or 11B-223.3 shall comply with Section 11B-603. Where provided, one water closet, one lavatory and one bathtub or shower shall comply with the applicable requirements of Sections 11B-603 through 11B-610.

    11B-805.3 Waiting rooms. Waiting rooms shall comply with Section 11B-805.3.

    11B-805.3.1 Wheelchair spaces. Where seating is provided in waiting rooms, at least 5 percent of the seating shall be wheelchair spaces complying with Section 11B-802.1.

    Exception: In waiting rooms serving facilities specializing in treating conditions that affect mobility, 10 percent of the seating shall be wheelchair spaces complying with Section 11B-802.1.

    11B-805.4 Examination, diagnostic and treatment rooms. Examination, diagnostic and treatment rooms shall comply with Section 11B-805.4.

    11B-805.4.1 Beds, exam tables, procedure tables, gurneys and lounge chairs. A 36-inch (914 mm) minimum wide clear space shall be provided along the full length of each side of beds, exam tables, procedure tables, gurneys and lounge chairs.

    Exception: General exam rooms in non-emergency settings may provide clear space on only one side of beds, gurneys and exam tables.

    11B-805.4.2 Equipment. Clear space complying with Section 11B-305.2 shall be provided as required for specific equipment.

  • CBC § 603.2 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 603.2 Clearances. Clearances shall comply with Section 11B- 603.2.

    11B- 603.2.1 Turning space. Turning space complying with Section 11B- 304 shall be provided within the room.

    11B- 603.2.2 Overlap. Required clear floor spaces, clearance at fixtures and turning space shall be permitted to overlap.

    11B- 603.2.3 Door swing. Doors shall not swing into the clear floor space or clearance required for any fixture. Doors to accessible water closet compartments shall be permitted to encroach into the turning space without limitation. Other than doors to accessible

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    water closet compartments, a door, in any position, shall be permitted to encroach into the turning space by 12 inches (305 mm) maximum.

    Exceptions:

    1. Reserved.

    2. Where the toilet room or bathing room is for individual use and a clear floor space complying with Section 11B- 305.3 is provided within the room beyond the arc of the door swing, doors shall be permitted to swing into the clear floor space or clearance required for any fixture.

    3. In residential dwelling units complying with Section 11B-233.3.1.1, doors shall be permitted to swing over the turning space without limitation.

    11B- 603.3 Mirrors. Mirrors located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 40 inches ( 1016 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground. Mirrors not located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 35 inches ( 889 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

    11B- 603.4 Coat hooks, shelves and medicine cabinets. Coat hooks shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in Section 11B -308. Shelves shall be located 40 inches ( 1016 mm) minimum and 48 inches ( 1219 mm) maximum above the finish floor. Medicine cabinets shall be located with a usable shelf no higher than 44 inches (1118 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    11B-603.5 Accessories. Where towel or sanitary napkin dispensers, waste receptacles or other accessories are provided in toilet facili- ties, at least one of each type shall be located on an accessible route. All operable parts, including coin slots, shall be 40 inches (1016 mm) maximum above the finish floor.

    Exception: Baby diaper changing stations are not required to comply with Section 11B-603.5.

  • CBC § 304.2 High relevance — show source text

    11B- 304.2 Floor or ground surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of a turning space shall comply with Section 11B- 302. Changes in level, slopes exceeding 1:48, and detectable warnings shall not be permitted.

    Exception: Reserved.

    11B- 304.3 Size. Turning space shall comply with Section 11B- 304.3.1 or 11B- 304.3.2.

    11B- 304.3.1 Circular space. The turning space shall be a space of 60 inches ( 1524 mm) diameter minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 .

    11B- 304.3.2 T-Shaped space. The turning space shall be a T-shaped space within a 60 inch ( 1524 mm) square minimum with arms and base 36 inches ( 914 mm) wide minimum. Each arm of the T shall be clear of obstructions 12 inches (305 mm) minimum in each direction and the base shall be clear of obstructions 24 inches (610 mm) minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 only at the end of either the base or one arm .

    FIGURE 11B- 304.3.2—T-SHAPED TURNING SPACE

    11B- 304.4 Door swing. Doors shall be permitted to swing into turning spaces.

    SECTION 11B- 305 — CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

    11B- 305.1 General. Clear floor or ground space shall comply with Section 11B- 305 .

    11B- 305.2 Floor or ground surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of a clear floor or ground space shall comply with Section 11B-302. Changes in level, slopes exceeding 1:48, and detectable warnings shall not be permitted.

    Exception: Reserved.

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    11B- 305.3 Size. The clear floor or ground space shall be 30 inches ( 762 mm) minimum by 48 inches ( 1219 mm) minimum .

    FIGURE 11B- 305.3—CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

    11B- 305.4 Knee and toe clearance. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 . 11B- 305.5 Position. Unless otherwise specified, clear floor or ground space shall be positioned for either forward or parallel approach to an element.

    FIGURE 11B- 305.5—POSITION OF CLEAR FLOOR OR GROUND SPACE

  • CBC § 11B-813.2.8 High relevance — show source text

    11B-813.2.8 Turning space. Turning space complying with Section 11B-304 shall be provided within adult changing facilities.

    11B-813.2.9 Overlap. Required clear floor spaces, clearance at fixtures and turning space shall be permitted to overlap.

    11B-813.2.10 Door swing. A door, in any position, shall be permitted to encroach into the turning space by 12 inches (305 mm) maximum. Where a clear floor space complying with Section 11B-305.3 is provided within the room beyond the arc of the door swing, doors shall be permitted to swing into the clear floor space, clearance required for any fixture and clearance required for adult changing tables.

    11B-813.2.11 Privacy latch. Each door to adult changing facilities shall have a privacy latch.

    11B-813.2.12 Signs. A room identification sign complying with Section 11B-216 shall be provided at entrances to adult changing facilities. The text of the room identification sign shall be “ADULT CHANGING ROOM”.

    An informational sign complying with Section 11B-216 shall be provided within adult changing facilities and in close proximity to the changing table. The informational sign shall indicate the maximum weight capacity of the adult changing table, as determined by the table manufacturer.

    Where the commercial place of public amusement has a central directory, the central directory shall indicate the location of adult changing facilities. Where other directories indicate the location of toilet facilities, the other directories shall also indicate the loca- tion of adult changing facilities.

    FIGURE 11B-813.2.1.2—CLEARANCE AROUND ADULT CHANGING TABLE

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    DIVISION 9: BUILT-IN ELEMENTS

    SECTION 11B- 901 — GENERAL

    11B- 901.1 Scope. The provisions of Division 9 shall apply where required by Division 2 or where referenced by a requirement in this chapter.

    SECTION 11B- 902 — DINING SURFACES AND WORK SURFACES

    11B- 902.1 General. Dining surfaces and work surfaces shall comply with Sections 11B- 902.2 and 11B- 902.3.

    Exception: Dining surfaces and work surfaces for children’s use shall be permitted to comply with Section 11B- 902.4.

    11B- 902.2 Clear floor or ground space. A clear floor space complying with Section 11B- 305 positioned for a forward approach shall be provided. Knee and toe clearance complying with Section 11B- 306 shall be provided.

    11B-902.2.1 Overlap. The clear floor space at dining surfaces shall not overlap the accessible route.

    11B- 902.3 Height. The tops of dining surfaces and work surfaces shall be 28 inches ( 711 mm) minimum and 34 inches ( 864 mm) maximum above the finish floor or ground.

  • CBC § 305.6 Medium relevance — show source text

    11B- 305.6 Approach. One full unobstructed side of the clear floor or ground space shall adjoin an accessible route or adjoin another clear floor or ground space. Clear floor or ground space may overlap an accessible route, unless specifically prohibited elsewhere in this chapter. 11B- 305.7 Maneuvering clearance. Where a clear floor or ground space is located in an alcove or otherwise confined on all or part of three sides, additional maneuvering clearance shall be provided in accordance with Sections 11B- 305.7.1 and 11B- 305.7.2. 11B- 305.7.1 Forward approach. Alcoves shall be 36 inches ( 914 mm) wide minimum where the depth exceeds 24 inches (610 mm).

    FIGURE 11B- 305.7.1—MANEUVERING CLEARANCE IN AN ALCOVE, FORWARD APPROACH

    11B- 305.7.2 Parallel approach. Alcoves shall be 60 inches ( 1524 mm) wide minimum where the depth exceeds 15 inches ( 381 mm).

    FIGURE 11B- 305.7.2—MANEUVERING CLEARANCE IN AN ALCOVE, PARALLEL APPROACH

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    SECTION 11B- 306 — KNEE AND TOE CLEARANCE

    11B- 306.1 General. Where space beneath an element is included as part of clear floor or ground space or turning space, the space shall comply with Section 11B- 306. Additional space shall not be prohibited beneath an element but shall not be considered as part of the clear floor or ground space or turning space.

    11B- 306.2 — Toe clearance.

    11B- 306.2.1 General. Space under an element between the finish floor or ground and 9 inches ( 229 mm) above the finish floor or ground shall be considered toe clearance and shall comply with Section 11B- 306.2.

    11B- 306.2.2 Maximum depth. Toe clearance shall extend 25 inches (635 mm) maximum under an element.

    Exception: Toe clearance shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) maximum under lavatories required to be accessible by Section 11B- 213.3.4.

    FIGURE 11B- 306.2—TOE CLEARANCE

    11B- 306.2.3 Minimum required depth. Where toe clearance is required at an element as part of a clear floor space, the toe clearance shall extend 17 inches ( 432 mm) minimum under the element.

    Exceptions:

    1. The toe clearance shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under sinks required to be accessible by Section 11B-212.3.

    2. The toe clearance shall extend 19 inches (483 mm) minimum under built-in dining and work surfaces required to be accessible.

  • CBC § 1008.3.1.4 Medium relevance — show source text

    ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND PUBLIC HOUSING

    lel to the 24 inch (610 mm) long minimum side of the transfer platform. The side of the transfer platform serving the transfer space shall be unobstructed.

    11B- 1008.3.1.4 Transfer supports. At least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

    11B- 1008.3.2 Transfer steps. Transfer steps shall be provided where movement is intended from transfer platforms to levels with elevated play components required to be on accessible routes. Transfer steps shall comply with Section 11B- 1008.3.2.

    FIGURE 11B- 1008.3.2—TRANSFER STEPS

    11B- 1008.3.2.1 Size. Transfer steps shall have level surfaces 14 inches ( 356 mm) deep minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) wide minimum.

    11B- 1008.3.2.2 Height. Each transfer step shall be 8 inches ( 203 mm) high maximum.

    11B- 1008.3.2.3 Transfer supports. At least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

    11B-1008.3.2.4 Contrasting stripe. Striping complying with Section 11B-504.4.1 shall be provided at each transfer step.

    11B- 1008.4 Play components. Ground level play components on accessible routes and elevated play components connected by ramps shall comply with Section 11B- 1008.4.

    11B- 1008.4.1 Turning space. At least one turning space complying with Section 11B- 304 shall be provided on the same level as play components. Where swings are provided, the turning space shall be located immediately adjacent to the swing.

    11B- 1008.4.2 Clear floor or ground space. Clear floor or ground space complying with Sections 11B- 305.2 and 11B- 305.3 shall be provided at play components.

    11B- 1008.4.3 Play tables. Where play tables are provided, knee clearance 24 inches (610 mm) high minimum, 17 inches deep ( 432 mm) minimum, and 30 inches ( 762 mm) wide minimum shall be provided. The tops of rims, curbs or other obstructions shall be 31 inches ( 787 mm) high maximum.

    Exception: Play tables designed and constructed primarily for children 5 years and younger shall not be required to provide knee clearance where the clear floor or ground space required by Section 11B- 1008.4.2 is arranged for a parallel approach.

    11B- 1008.4.4 Entry points and seats. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats, the entry points or seats shall be 11 inches (279 mm) minimum and 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the clear floor or ground space.

    Exception: Entry points of slides shall not be required to comply with Section 11B- 1008.4.4.

    11B- 1008.4.5 Transfer supports. Where play components require transfer to entry points or seats, at least one means of support for transferring shall be provided.

Frequently asked questions

What exact size must the clear floor space be?

The code requires a minimum 30 in by 48 in (762 × 1219 mm) clear floor/ground space (§ 11B-305.3) and it must be on an accessible surface (no level changes, slope ≤ 1:48) (§ 11B-305.2).

Can the clear space overlap the accessible route?

Yes — clear floor or ground space may overlap an accessible route unless another section specifically prohibits that overlap; however one full unobstructed side of the clear space must adjoin an accessible route or another clear space (§ 11B-305.6).

What are the maximum and minimum heights for reachable controls?

For unobstructed forward or side reaches the high reach is 48 in maximum and the low reach is 15 in minimum above the finish floor; obstructed reaches have lower maximums depending on obstruction depth (see § 11B-308). (§ 11B-308.2.1, § 11B-308.3.1, § 11B-308.2.2, § 11B-308.3.2).

If a control is over an obstruction, what must I do?

The clear floor space must extend beneath the element at least as far as the required reach depth, and then the obstructed-reach numeric limits in § 11B-308 apply (e.g., 48 in max where forward reach depth ≤ 20 in; 44 in max where depth >20 in to ≤25 in).

Do operable parts have to be one-handed and low force?

Yes — operable parts must be operable with one hand and not require tight grasping; activation force must not exceed 5 lbf (22.2 N) except where a listed exception applies (§ 11B-309.4).

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