SECTION 1. PURPOSE AND — Internal Revenue Bulletin 2016-42

OVERVIEW

.01 Purpose . This revenue procedure updates the comprehensive system of correction programs for sponsors of retirement plans that are intended to satisfy the requirements of § 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408(k), or 408(p) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), but that have not met these requirements for a period of time. This system, the Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System (“EPCRS”), permits Plan Sponsors to correct these failures and thereby continue to provide their employees with retirement benefits on a tax-favored basis. The components of EPCRS are the Self-Correction Program (“SCP”), the Voluntary Correction Program (“VCP”), and the Audit Closing Agreement Program (“Audit CAP”).

.02 General principles underlying EPCRS . EPCRS is based on the following general principles:

Sponsors and other administrators of eligible plans should be encouraged to establish administrative practices and procedures that ensure that these plans are operated properly in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Code.
Sponsors and other administrators of eligible plans should satisfy the applicable plan document requirements of the Code.
Sponsors and other administrators should make voluntary and timely correction of any plan failures, whether involving discrimination in favor of highly compensated employees, plan operations, the terms of the plan document, or adoption of a plan by an ineligible employer. Timely and efficient correction protects participating employees by providing them with their expected retirement benefits, including favorable tax treatment.
Voluntary compliance is promoted by establishing limited fees for voluntary corrections approved by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), thereby reducing employers’ uncertainty regard

ing their potential tax liability and participants’ potential tax liability.

Fees and sanctions should be graduated in a series of steps so that there is always an incentive to correct promptly.
Sanctions for plan failures identified on audit should be reasonable in light of the nature, extent, and severity of the violation.
Administration of EPCRS should be consistent and uniform.
Sponsors should be able to rely on the availability of EPCRS in taking corrective actions to maintain the taxfavored status of their plans. .03 Overview . EPCRS includes the following basic elements:
Self-correction (SCP) . A Plan Sponsor that has established compliance practices and procedures may, at any time without paying any fee or sanction, correct insignificant Operational Failures under a Qualified Plan, a 403(b) Plan, a SEP, or a SIMPLE IRA Plan. For a SEP or SIMPLE IRA Plan, however, SCP is available only if the SEP or SIMPLE IRA Plan is established and maintained on a document approved by the IRS. In the case of a Qualified Plan or 403(b) Plan that satisfies the requirements of sections 4.03 and 4.04, the Plan Sponsor generally may correct even significant Operational Failures without payment of any fee or sanction if the correction is made within the time specified in section 9.02.
Voluntary correction with IRS ap- proval (VCP) . A Plan Sponsor, at any time before audit, may pay a limited fee and receive the IRS’s approval for correction of a Qualified Plan, 403(b) Plan, SEP, or SIMPLE IRA Plan failure. Under VCP, there are special procedures for Anonymous Submissions and Group Submissions.
Correction on audit (Audit CAP) . If a failure (other than a failure corrected through SCP or VCP) is identified on audit, the Plan Sponsor may correct the failure and pay a sanction. The sanction imposed will bear a reasonable relationship to the nature, extent, and severity of the failure, taking into account the extent to which correction occurred before audit.

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Amount is one such factor that may be considered. Section 14.01 also provides that, in general, the sanction will not be less than the VCP user fee applicable to the plan. Section 14.02(2) sets forth additional factors for Nonamender Failures discovered while the plan is Under Examination, and section 14.04 significantly modifies the sanction for Nonamender Failures discovered during the determination letter application process. In section 14.04(3), the sanction for failing to timely adopt an amendment that is corrected within three months after the expiration of the remedial amendment period has been reduced to $750, regardless of the number of plan participants.

.03 Modifications relating to user fees . Prior to Rev. Proc. 2016–8, section 12 of Rev. Proc. 2013–12 set forth the user fees for VCP submissions. Rev. Proc. 2016–8 modified Rev. Proc. 2013–12 by setting forth the general user fees for VCP submissions in 2016. In addition, Rev. Proc. 2016–8 included cross-references to Rev. Proc. 2013–12 for special rules relating to determining the user fees for VCP submissions (such as special user fees for Group Submissions and rules relating to establishing the number of plan participants). Beginning in 2017, all user fees and rules relating to user fees for VCP submissions will be published in the annual EP revenue procedure that sets forth user fees, including VCP user fees. Accordingly, most of section 12 has been deleted. In addition, rules relating to certain amounts that are not user fees have been moved from section 12 to other sections in this revenue procedure (see the description of modifications in section 2.04). .04 Description of modifications . The modifications to Rev. Proc. 2013–12 that are reflected in this revenue procedure include the following changes

Revising section 4.03 to address modifications to the eligibility requirement for SCP with regard to the Favorable Letter requirement.
Incorporating changes made by Rev. Proc. 2015–27, which revised section 4.04 to extend SCP eligibility so that repeated corrections of excess annual additions under § 415 will not prevent certain plans from satisfying the SCP requirement to have established prac

tices and procedures, as long as the plan corrects excess annual additions through the return of elective deferrals to affected employees within 9½ months after the end of the plan’s limitation year.

Revising section 4.08 to include a sentence providing that the user fee for a terminating Orphan Plan may be waived at the discretion of the IRS and that the request for a waiver should be made at the time of the submission.
Removing section 4.10 in Rev. Proc. 2013–12 relating to the submission of a determination letter in light of the changes to the determination letter program.
Adding new section 4.10 relating to egregious failures to set forth the effect of egregious failures on the various correction programs. In addition, section 4.10(3) provides that the IRS reserves the right to impose a sanction that may be larger than the VCP user fee.
Revising section 5.01(2)(a) to clarify that the term Plan Document Failure includes Good Faith Amendments, Interim Amendments, and Nonamender Failures, and moving the definitions of those terms from section 6.05 to section 5.01(2)(a)(ii).
Revising section 5.01(2)(b) to reflect changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Revising the definition of “Favorable Letter” in section 5.01(4) to provide that a determination letter for an individually designed plan need not be current to be a Favorable Letter.
Moving the concept that the Maximum Payment Amount includes the tax that the IRS could collect for any plan loan that did not meet the requirements of § 72(p)(2) from section 14 to the definition of Maximum Payment Amount in section 5.01(5).
Deleting a definition for References to Rev. Proc. 2007–44, previously in § 5.06 of Rev. Proc. 2013–12.
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–27 by revising section 6.02(5)(d) to delete a reference to the Social Security letter forwarding program because the Social Security Administration has announced that the program is no longer available as a method for locating lost plan partici

pants who are owed additional retirement benefits.

Modifying section 6.05 to provide that determination letter applications may no longer be submitted with VCP submissions and to clarify that the issuance of a compliance statement with regard to a VCP submission that involves the correction of a Plan Document Failure or an Operational Failure through a plan amendment does not constitute a determination that the plan amendment satisfies the qualification requirements.
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–27 by revising sections 6.06(3) and 6.06(4) to clarify that that there is flexibility in correcting an Overpayment under EPCRS. For example, depending on the nature of the Overpayment failure (such as an Overpayment failure resulting from a benefit calculation error), an appropriate correction method may include using rules similar to the correction methods of sections 6.06(3) and 6.06(4) in Rev. Proc. 2013–12, but having the employer or another person contribute the amount of the Overpayment (with appropriate interest) to the plan instead of seeking recoupment from plan participants and beneficiaries. Any correction method used must be consistent with the correction principles in section 6.02 and any applicable rules under EPCRS.
Revising section 6.11(5)(b) to clarify that a sanction, in addition to the user fee, equal to 10% of the Excess Amount will apply when a failure involves an Excess Amount under a SEP or a SIMPLE IRA Plan and the Plan Sponsor retains the Excess Amount in the SEP or SIMPLE IRA Plan.
Deleting rules (previously in § 9.03 of Rev. Proc. 2013–12) relating to submitting a determination letter application when correcting by plan amendment under SCP.
Modifying section 10.01 to reflect that the user fees for EPCRS are now published in an annual revenue procedure that sets forth user fees, including VCP user fees.
Deleting rules (previously in § 10.05 of Rev. Proc. 2013–12) relating to the procedure for filing a determination

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letter application as part of the VCP submission to reflect changes to the determination letter program.

Revising renumbered section 10.06(7) to reflect that, in the case of the failure to reach resolution with regard to an Anonymous Submission, the IRS will no longer refund 50% of the applicable user fee.
Modifying renumbered section 10.06(9) to clarify that the correction of Interim Amendment and Nonamender Failures must be made by the date of submission and that corrective plan amendments required as part of a VCP submission must be adopted no later than 150 days after the date of the compliance statement, and to include special correction timing rules for governmental plans.
Adding section 10.07(2)(b) to clarify that a compliance statement issued with regard to the correction of a Nonamender Failure is a determination that the corrective amendment was timely adopted, and not a determination that the corrective amendment as drafted complies with the qualification requirements or conforms to the plan’s prior operation.
Adding section 10.07(2)(c) to clarify that the compliance statement issued with regard to a corrective amendment made to correct an Operational Failure is a determination that the Operational Failure has been corrected, but is not a determination that the plan, including the plan amendment, satisfies the qualification requirements.
Revising renumbered section 10.09 to reflect that a determination letter application should not be requested as part of an Anonymous Submission.
Reorganizing renumbered section 10.10 with regard to Group Submissions for purposes of clarity.
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–27 by revising section 11.02 to provide that applicants may use model VCP submission documents by submitting Form 14568, Model VCP Compliance Statement, and Forms 14568–A through 14568–I. A link to the IRS website is provided in section 11.02(4) for the most current versions of Form

14568 and Forms 14568–A through 14568–I.

Removing section 11.04(3) to delete a determination letter application as a required document for a VCP submission in order to reflect changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Revising section 11.05 to delete procedures for the payment of the user fee for a determination letter application filed as part of the VCP submission to reflect changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Revising section 11.06 to reflect that VCP user fees are no longer set forth in section 12 but now are published in an annual revenue procedure that sets forth user fees, including VCP user fees.
Revising section 11.11 to provide that an applicant wishing to obtain an acknowledgement of receipt of a VCP submission must use IRS Letter 5265 and attach it to the VCP submission.
Modifying section 11.14(1) to delete procedures for including a determination letter application with a VCP submission in order to reflect the changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Modifying section 11.14(2)5 to reflect that the Model Compliance Statement and Schedules previously provided in Appendix C are now Forms 14568 and Forms 14569–A through Form 14568–I.
Modifying section 11.14(2)6 to reflect that the Acknowledgement Letter previously provided in Appendix D is now Letter 5265.
Modifying section 11.14(2)8 to delete procedures for including a determination letter application with a VCP submission in order to reflect the changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Deleting section 11.14(2)10 to reflect the changes made by Rev. Proc. 2016–37.
Deleting most of section 12. For a description of the modifications, see section 2.03.
Moving section 12.06(2) to section 6.11(5)(b).
Moving section 12.07 to section 4.10.
Modifying section 14 regarding sanctions under Audit CAP (including sanctions for Nonamender Failures discovered Under Examination and

during the determination letter process). For a description of the modifications, see section 2.02(2).

Adding section .01(2) to Appendix A to clarify that a Plan Sponsor may choose any correction method in the appendices to correct a failure, as long as the plan can satisfy the eligibility requirements for that correction method.
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–28 by revising section .05 of Appendix A to add new section .05(8) to provide a safe harbor correction method for certain Employee Elective Deferral Failures associated with missed elective deferrals for eligible employees who are subject to an automatic contribution feature in a § 401(k) plan or 403(b) Plan (including employees who made affirmative elections in lieu of automatic contributions but whose elections were not implemented correctly).
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–28 by revising section .05 of Appendix A to add new section .05(9) to provide two safe harbor correction methods for certain Employee Elective Deferral Failures, one for failures that do not exceed three months and a second for failures that exceed three months but do not extend beyond the SCP correction period for significant failures. In incorporating this change, the term “corrective contributions” was changed to “corrective allocations” to reflect the correction principals described in section 6.02(4).
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–28 by revising section .05 of Appendix A to add a definition of Employee Elective Deferral Failures in new section .05(10).
Incorporating changes made in Rev. Proc. 2015–27 by deleting Appendices C and D.
Correcting various citations and cross references. .05 Future enhancements . (1) Future updates . It is expected that the IRS and the Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) will continue to update the EPCRS revenue procedure, in whole or in part, from time to time, including further improvements to EPCRS based on comments received. Accord

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ingly, the IRS and Treasury Department continue to invite further comments on how to improve EPCRS. For information on how to submit comments, see section 17. (2) Comments relating to the recoup- ment of Overpayments failures . Section 4.05 of Rev. Proc. 2015–27 modified §§ 6.06(3) and 6.06(4) of Rev. Proc. 2013–12 to clarify that there is flexibility in correcting an Overpayment under EPCRS in light of the concern that some Plan Sponsors may be incorrectly interpreting the correction rules under EPCRS as requiring a demand for recoupment from plan participants and beneficiaries in all cases of Overpayment failures. Those clarifications are incorporated in this revenue procedure. For a further description of the clarifications, see § 3.02 of Rev. Proc. 2015–27. Section 3.02(4) of Rev. Proc. 2015–27 stated that the IRS intends to make further revisions regarding the correction of Overpayments and solicited comments from the public on revisions to EPCRS relating to the recoupment of Overpayments. The Treasury Department and the IRS are in the process of reviewing the comments received. Comments continue to be requested on this issue and will be shared with the Department of Labor. For information on how to submit comments, see section 17.