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Definition of Terms

Internal Revenue Bulletin 1997-44 · 2026-10-03 edition · updated 2026-10-04 · United States

Revenue rulings and revenue pro c e d u re s ( h e reinafter re f e rred to as “rulings”) that have an effect on previous rulings use the following defined terms to describe the e f f e c t :

Amplified describes a situation where no change is being made in a prior published position, but the prior position is being extended to apply to a variation of the fact situation set forth therein. T h u s, if an earlier ruling held that a principle applied to A, and the new ruling holds that the same principle also applies to B, the earlier ruling is amplified. (Compare with m o d i f i e d, below).

Clarified is used in those instances where the language in a prior ruling is being made clear because the language has caused, or may cause, some confusion. It is not used where a position in a prior ruling is being changed.

D i s t i n g u i s h e d describes a situation where a ruling mentions a previously published ruling and points out an essential difference between them.

Modified is used where the substance of a previously published position is being changed. Thus, if a prior ruling held that a principle applied to A but not to B, and the new ruling holds that it ap

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