Chapter 20.710 — SUPPLEMENTAL DEFINITIONS

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Chapter, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Abandon. To cease to use, operate, or occupy.

Abut or abutting. Having boundaries or lot lines in common. See Figure 7-1 (Abutting vs. Adjacent Lots).

Access. A passage or way used by pedestrians, bicyclists, and/or motor vehicles used to enter and exit a lot or property.

Adjacent/adjoining. The condition of being near to or close to each other, but not necessarily having a common dividing line. Two or more lots that are separated by an alley, street, highway, or easement shall be considered adjacent to one another. See also "Abutting." See Figure 7-1 (Abutting vs. Adjacent Lots).

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Figure 7-1 Abutting vs. Adjacent Lots

Agricultural commissioner. A County official who is responsible for enforcing State-mandated agricultural and pesticide regulations. Agricultural Commissioner provides services county-wide, equally within city boundaries

as well as in unincorporated areas.

Air quality management plan (AQMP). A comprehensive policy document that establishes, goals, policies, pollution reduction strategies, and implementation responsibilities for improving air quality in the South Coast Air Basin. See "South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)."

Alley. A public right-of-way not exceeding 25 feet in width that is publicly maintained and affords a means of vehicular access to the side or rear of properties abutting a street or highway.

Allowed use. See "Use, Allowed."

Alteration. An exterior or interior change or variation of the structural or architectural features or visual characteristics of a building or structure, including but not limited to the following:

1. Changes in paint, color, or surface texture;

2. Site grading or surface paving;

3. Moving or removing interior walls or partitions;

4. Addition of new structures or rooms;

5. Cutting or removal of trees or other natural features;

6. Disturbance of archaeological sites; and

7. Placement or removal of objects such as signs, plaques, light fixtures, street furniture, walls, fences, steps, planting or landscape accessories which affect the exterior visual qualities of a property.

Alteration, structural. Any change or replacement in the supporting members of a structure (e.g., bearing walls, columns, beams or girders, etc.).

Ambient noise level. The overall noise level within a given environment, as a composite of sounds from all sources.

Amendment. A change in the wording, context, or substance of this Zoning Code or a change in the boundaries or classification on the zoning map that is a part of this Zoning Code, when adopted by ordinance of the Council and in the manner prescribed by law.

Apartment. One or more rooms of a structure designed for and rented as the home, residence, or sleeping place of one or more persons living as a Single Housekeeping Unit, in a structure containing at least five units used for the same purpose, all under one ownership. See "Dwelling, Multi-Family."

Architectural features. An exterior building feature including roofs, windows, doors, cornices, eaves, or similar design elements.

Area.

1. Gross lot area. The total area of a lot, including those areas that cannot be built upon (e.g., dedicated or proposed street rights-of-way and other improvements such as parks, open space, stormwater detention and retention facilities, etc.). "Gross area" is expressed in either acres or square feet.

2. Net lot area. The area of a lot excluding the following:

   • a. Existing highways, streets and alleys;

   • b. Proposed highways, streets and alleys when included on development plans or approved subdivision maps; and

   • c. Other easements where the owner of the property does not have the right to use that portion of the lot.

3. Buildable area. The portion of a lot that may be built upon, excluding front, side, and rear setbacks, required open spaces, and other areas where erection of a structure is prohibited.

4. Floor area. The total horizontal area of all floors of a building, as measured from the exterior surfaces of the outside walls. This includes all floors above and below the ground level but excludes areas for vent shafts, parking floors and courts.

5. Floor area ratio. The mathematical relation between volume of building and unit of land expressed as the ratio of gross floor area of all structures on a lot to total lot area. Residential FAR does not include

the garage area. See Figure 7-2 (Floor Area Ratio).

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Figure 7-2 Floor Area Ratio

Authorized agent of owner. A person who has written authorization to act for, make commitments for, speak for or make representations for the owner of a property.

Awning. A roof-like cover above a window or door which serves as a shield from sun and rain and projects from the exterior wall of a building.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Balcony. A platform projecting from a building, supported from below or cantilevered, and enclosed with a railing or balustrade. It may or may not have direct access from the building it is attached to.

Banquet hall. An establishment that is rented by individuals or groups to accommodate private functions (e.g., banquets, weddings, anniversaries, etc.). May or may not include: 1) kitchen facilities for the preparation or catering of food; 2) the sale of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption, only during scheduled events and not open to the general public; and 3) outdoor gardens or reception facilities. See "Assembly/Meeting Places."

Basement. A room or group of rooms in a building which has a floor level below the outside ground level and a ceiling level above the outside ground level. A basement for dwelling, business, or manufacturing purposes shall be considered a story.

Bedroom. An enclosed space in a structure that is designed to be used for sleeping purposes; that meets the room dimension requirements of the most recent edition of the California Building Code; that is not accessed directly from the garage; and that has one or more windows.

Beginning of construction. See "Construction, Beginning of Construction."

Billiard hall. Any place of business where any of several games are played on a table by driving small balls against one another or into pockets with a cue. A family billiard hall is a place where minors are permitted to play billiards. See Municipal Code Chapter 5.20 (Cabarets, Dances, Dance Halls, Pool Halls, Billiard Halls, Bowling Alleys, and Similar Activities).

Block. The aggregate of lots, pedestrian passages and rear alleys, circumscribed on all sides by streets.

Block face dimensions. The linear dimension of a block along one of its street frontages.

Block perimeter. The aggregate dimension of a block along all of its street frontages.

Buffer strip. A landscaped area used to screen the visual, noise, dust, light, or other adverse impacts of one land use from adjacent properties.

Build-to zone (BTZ). The area between the minimum and maximum setbacks within which the principal building's front façade (building façade line) is to be located. See Figure 7-3 (Build-to Zone) that illustrates the location of the build-to zone relative to the minimum and maximum setbacks and the building façade line.

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Figure 7-3 Build-to Zone

Building. See "Structure."

Building code. The Building Code of the City of Stanton, as adopted by the City Council.

Building envelope. The ground area of a lot which is defined by the minimum setback requirements within which construction of a principal structure and any attached accessory structures is permitted. See "Setback." See Figure 7-4 (Building Envelope).

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Figure 7-4 Building Envelope

Building façade line. The vertical plane along a lot where the building's front façade is actually located. See Figure 7-5 (Building Façade Line).

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Figure 7-5 Building Façade Line

Building official. The Building Official of the City of Stanton, or authorized designee(s).

Bumper guards. Low fences or poles placed at the front of parking stalls to prevent vehicles from rolling forward.

Business. The purchase, sale, leasing, or other transaction involving the handling or disposition of an article, service, or product for livelihood or profit. The management of business facilities (e.g., office buildings, offices, recreational or amusement arcades, etc.).

Business park. A development that contains a number of separate office buildings, accessory and supporting uses, and open space all designed, planned, constructed, and maintained on a coordinated basis and that do not involve frequent truck traffic. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Calendar day. A 24-hour time period measured from midnight to midnight.

California environmental quality act (CEQA). Section 21000 et seq. of the Public Resources Code that requires State, regional, county, and local agencies to conduct environmental review for any discretionary activity proposed to be carried out or approved by those agencies.

Call for review. See Section 20.615.030 (Calls for Review).

Camper. A structure which is mounted on wheels or on a motor vehicle and provides facilities for camping or temporary living quarters.

Canopy. A permanent roof-like structure projecting beyond a building and extending along and projecting beyond the wall of a building, generally designed and constructed to provide protection from the weather.

Cargo container. Unmodified, stackable, metal shipping containers not permanently affixed to the ground and used for accessory storage.

Carport. A permanently roofed structure with no more than two enclosed sides which is used for automobile storage and shelter. This includes a porte-cochere which is used for the protection and convenience of loading and unloading passengers or cargo. It does not qualify as enclosed parking and is considered subject to building setback requirements.

Car washing. See "Vehicle Services."

Centerline. See "Street - Street Centerline."

City. The City of Stanton.

City engineer. The City Engineer of the City of Stanton, or authorized designee(s).

City manager. The City Manager of the City of Stanton or authorized designee(s).

City property. Any property in which the City of Stanton holds a legal interest, including, but not limited to, the public right-of-way.

Clearance. The smallest vertical distance between the grade of the adjacent street, highway, parking lot or street curb and the lowest point of a sign, including framework and embellishments, located over the grade.

Club. A building or premises used by an incorporated or unincorporated group of persons organized for the purposes of promoting literature, science, politics, good fellowship, philanthropy, or other common cause or purpose. Does not include premises used by groups organized to render services customarily carried on as a business ("Business").

Cluster housing/small lot subdivision. A residential subdivision where some or all of the lots are reduced below the minimum required lot size in order to provide more open space, but where the overall project meets the density standard for the zone, in many circumstances subject to a density bonus.

Commission. The Planning Commission of the City of Stanton. See Chapter 20.600 (Administrative Responsibility).

Condominium. An estate in real property where two or more owners have an undivided interest in the land and separate interests in the spaces within the buildings on site. The buildings may be residences, apartments, apartment houses, offices, or stores. A condominium may include, in addition, a separate interest in other portions of the real property as specified in Civil Code Section 783 . Condominium may also mean cooperative apartment project and planned development.

Condominium conversion. The conversion or division of a single ownership parcel of existing improved real property (i.e., an apartment project) into a condominium form of ownership involving separate ownership of individual units. The following terms are defined specifically in reference to Section 20.400.100 (Condominium Conversions) and Chapter 20.505 (Condominium Conversions):

1. Appraisal report. A report covering the mandated areas of review specified in Chapter 20.505 (Condominium Conversions).

2. Association. The organization of persons who own a lot, parcel, area, condominium or right-ofexclusive occupancy in a planned development, community apartment project, or condominium project.

3. Community apartment project. A project in which an undivided interest in the land is coupled with the right of an exclusive occupancy of any apartment located on the land. This term includes stock cooperatives as defined in Business and Professions Code Section 11004 .

4. Conversion permit. The formal application and review process required by Chapter 20.505 (Condominium Conversions) and the Subdivision Map Act (Government Code Section 66410 et seq.) to commence the process for converting real property to a condominium, stock cooperative, or other similar form of land ownership.

5. Cooperative apartment project. A residential project on a parcel of land where owners have an undivided interest in the land and structure and rights to the exclusive occupancy of apartments on site.

6. Developer. The owner or subdivider with a controlling proprietary interest in the property proposed for conversions or the persons or organization making application on the owner's behalf.

7. Organizational documents. The Declaration of Restrictions, Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws, Conditions, Covenants and Restrictions (CC&Rs), Department of Real Estate Form 624A and Department of Real Estate Form 623.

8. Tenant. A person who rents, leases or subleases and who occupies, through either a written or oral agreement, a residential real property from another.

Conditional use. A use of land identified by Article 2 (Zones, Allowable Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards) as being allowed in a particular zone subject to the approval of a Conditional Use Permit in compliance with Chapter 20.650 (Use Permits - Minor and Conditional).

Conditional use permit. A type of discretionary permit that, if approved, would allow a use that requires a special degree of control because of characteristics peculiar to it, or because of size, technological processes or type of equipment, or because of the proposed site location with respect to surroundings, streets and existing improvements or demands upon public facilities, in compliance with Article 2 (Zones, Allowed Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards). The additional control is to ensure that the proposed particular use on a particular site is compatible with other existing or permitted uses surrounding the site. See Chapter 20.650 (Use Permits - Minor and Conditional).

Conforming structure. A structure that fully meets the applicable standards of the different codes and ordinances in effect.

Construction. The assembly, erection, substantial improvement, alteration, or similar action of a building or structure. This excludes demolition, but includes excavation, fill or drainage work, and similar activities.

1. Beginning of construction. Starting the construction activity, when the foundation has been laid and material components of a structure or building are assembled. The storing of materials on-site, grading or excavation work alone shall not be considered beginning of construction.

Contiguous. Having a common boundary or lot line.

Conversion of residential structures. The use of residential structures converted for combined residential and nonresidential use or converted for solely nonresidential use. See Section 20.400.110 (Conversions - Residential to Nonresidential).

Council. The City Council of the City of Stanton. See Chapter 20.600 (Administrative Responsibility).

County. The County of Orange, California.

Court. An area which is open from ground to sky, is unoccupied, and bounded on two or more sides by the exterior walls of a building. If all sides of a court are bounded by the exterior walls of a building, the court is considered an inner court.

Covenant of easement. See Section 20.565.120 (Covenants of Easements).

Coverage.

1. Impervious surface coverage. The area of a parcel covered by structure(s) and other impervious surface(s), expressed as a percentage of the total parcel area. See also "Impervious Surface." See Figure 7-6 (Impervious Surface Coverage and Structure Coverage).

2. Structure coverage. The area of a parcel covered by a structure or structures, expressed as a percentage of the total parcel area. See Figure 7-6 (Impervious Surface Coverage and Structure Coverage).

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Figure 7-6 Impervious Surface Coverage and Structure Coverage

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Day. Unless otherwise specified, a calendar day. See "Calendar Day." See Section 20.105.020 (Rules of Interpretation - Time limits).

Demolition. The dismantling, intentional destruction or removal of structures, utilities, public or private right-ofway surfaces or similar property.

Department. The Planning Division of the Community Development Department of the City of Stanton. See Chapter 20.600 (Administrative Responsibility).

Department store. A store or group of stores selling a variety of merchandise such as clothing, appliances, hardware and furniture, all under one management.

Development. A man-made change to a piece of real property which involves the construction, reconstruction, alteration or removal of a building or structure, including mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations.

Development review committee. The DRC is the formal meeting and conferring that occurs between city departments in response to land entitlement requests made to the city. Typically coordinated by the Director, the

DRC's function consists of review of the project circumstances, consideration of its ramifications, and determination to apply general and/or special conditions of approval to the application. See Section 20.600.060 (Development Review Committee (DRC)).

Director. The Community Development Director of the City of Stanton or his/her designee.

Disability or handicap. Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of a person's major life activities or a record of having an impairment, but the term does not include current, illegal use of, or an addiction to, a controlled substance. Current users of illegal controlled substances, persons convicted with illegal manufacture or distribution of a controlled substance, sex offenders, and juvenile offenders are not considered disabled under the Fair Housing Act, by virtue of that status.

Donor site. A site (e.g., one or more parcels of land) that is the subject of a transfer of development rights, where the owner of the site is donating or conveying development rights of the site, and on which those rights so conveyed are extinguished and may not be used by reason of the transfer of development rights. See Chapter 20.545 (Transfer of Development Rights).

Driveway. An access from a public or private right-of-way to a required off-street parking area.

Duplex. See "Dwelling, Two-Family."

Dwelling. A structure or portion of a structure designed for residential purposes, including single-family, twofamily, and multi-family dwellings. (Ord. 1017, 2013; Ord. 1042 § 10, 2015)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Easement. A portion of a lot which is reserved or used for utility rights-of-way, access or any public or private use, as indicated on a subdivision map, deed restriction or other recorded document. See Section 20.565.120 (Covenants of Easements).

Efficiency unit. Defined by Section 17958.1 of the California Health and Safety Code.

Elevated patio. A roofless area above the ground floor in a multiple dwelling structure, which is designed for dining or recreational uses; a raised deck.

Emergency machinery, vehicle or alarm. Machinery, vehicle, or alarm used or operated in connection with emergency work.

Emergency work. Work that is necessary to remedy an existing hazard or to restore property to a safe condition, including work needed to restore utility service.

Encroachment. An intrusion on the rights or possessions of another; advancing beyond the proper or prescribed limits.

Entertainment. All sorts of public entertainment, including, but not limited to any act, play, burlesque, show, revue, scene, song, dance, instrumental music, or motion picture.

Erect. To build, construct, reconstruct, put into use or move into an area.

ERP (effective radiated power or equivalent radiated power). A standardized theoretical measurement of radio frequency (RF) energy using watts; is determined by subtracting system losses and adding system gains. ERP takes into consideration transmitter power output (TPO), transmission line attenuation (electrical resistance and RF radiation), RF connector insertion losses, and antenna directivity, but not height above average terrain (HAAT). ERP is typically applied to antenna systems. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) lists ERP in both the horizontal and vertical measurements. See "Broadcasting and Recording Studios."

Establishment. A public or private place of business where people unite with common interest, activity, or purpose. See "Business."

Explosives. Blasting, electric, detonating or fulminating caps, gun powder, dynamite and every other substance having a power equal to or greater than ordinary black powder. This excludes substances in the form of fixed ammunition for small firearms and construction guns.

Exterior architectural feature. An architectural element embodying style, design or general arrangement; a component of the outer surfaces of a structure or object including the kind, color, or texture of building materials

and the type and style of windows, doors, lights, signs and other appurtenant fixtures. (Ord. 1017, 2013; Ord. 1097 § 3, 2020)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Fabricate. To make, stamp, cut, shape, join or fasten together a number of processed materials into useful objects.

Façade. The entire building front, including parapets.

Fair housing laws. Section 42 United States Code Section 3604(f)(3)(B) and California Government Code Sections 12927c(1) and 12955(1) , as amended from time to time.

Family. See "Single Housekeeping Unit."

Fee schedule. See "Planning Fee Schedule."

Fences and walls. Any type of fence, wall, retaining wall, sound attenuation wall, screen, hedge, or thick growth of shrubs or trees. See Chapter 20.310 (Fences, Walls, and Hedges).

1. Open fence. Any non-view-obscuring fence (e.g., wrought iron, split rail, etc.).

2. Privacy screen. Any open or solid fence/wall intended to provide privacy to the occupants of a residence.

3. Solid fence. Any opaque fence or otherwise view-obscuring fence.

Finished grade. See "Grade."

Fire chief. The Fire Chief of Orange County, or authorized designee(s).

Fixed noise source. A stationary device which creates sound, including but not limited to residential, commercial and industrial machinery, equipment, fans, compressors, air conditioners and refrigeration equipment.

Flatwork. Where the ground is covered with non-structural concrete, asphalt, or any material that creates an impervious surface. See "Impervious Surface."

Floor area. The sum of the horizontal areas of each floor of a building.

1. "Gross floor area" means the total horizontal area of all floors of a building, as measured from the exterior surfaces of the outside walls.

2. "Net floor area" means the total horizontal area of all floors of a building as measured from the interior surfaces of the walls excluding stairwells, hallways, bathrooms, elevator shafts, air shafts, kitchen area, closets, and mechanical equipment rooms for the maintenance of the building.

Floor area ratio. See "Area."

Fortune teller. See "Personal Services - Restricted."

Fourplex. See "Dwelling, Multi-Family."

Frontage. See Figure 3-26 (Frontages).

1. Building frontage. The structure elevation that faces a street, alley, driveway, parking area, pedestrian plaza, walkway, courtyard, or arcade.

2. Tenant frontage. That portion of a multi-tenant building façade that is devoted to a single tenant.

3. Street frontage. The lot line adjoining a street or an easement; the length of the lot line that abuts a street or easement.

• (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Garage. A completely enclosed structure with a door for ingress and egress designed for the shelter of passenger vehicles. A detached garage is considered an accessory structure ("Accessory Structure").

Garage, private. "Private garage" means an accessory building or an accessory portion of a building designed and used for the shelter or storage of vehicles that are owned and operated on the same lot for the occupants of the main building or their tenants or customers. No kitchen, bathroom, or toilet facilities are permitted in private garages.

Garage, public. "Public garage" means a building other than a private garage where vehicles are stored.

General plan. A long-range comprehensive plan adopted by the City in compliance with the provisions of the State Planning Act; the Stanton General Plan.

Grade (ground level). The average of the finished ground level at the center of all walls of a building. In case walls are parallel to and within five feet of a sidewalk, alley, or other public way, the above-ground level shall be measured at the elevation of the sidewalk, alley or public way.

Grade, existing. The surface of the ground or pavement at a stated location as it exists prior to disturbance in preparation for a project.

Grade, finished. The surface of the ground or pavement at a stated location as it exists after completion of a project.

Grading. The excavation or fill of earth material undertaken to prepare a site for construction or other improvement.

Grand opening. A promotional activity used by newly-established businesses, which occurs within two months after occupancy, to inform the public of their location and service available to the community. Grand opening does not mean an annual or occasional promotion of retail sales by a business.

Guest room. A bedroom used by two or fewer guests. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Habitable floor area. A floor area used for working, sleeping, eating, cooking, or recreation. This does not include areas used exclusively for storage, hallways and bathrooms.

Hazardous material. A substance that, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical or chemical characteristics, is flammable, corrosive, explosive, toxic, or infectious and poses a significant present or potential hazard to the health or safety of humans, domestic livestock, or wildlife. This includes those materials so defined by the Federal or State government.

Hedge. A group of shrubs or trees planted in a line or in groups forming a compact, dense, barrier that protects, shields, separates, or demarcates an area from view. For purposes of this definition, a shrub is a perennial woody plant smaller than a tree, having multiple permanent stems branching from or near the base and lacking a single trunk; a bush. See "Fence."

Height. The vertical distance from the grade of the adjacent street or the surface grade beneath a structure, whichever is less, measured to the highest point of the structure, including embellishments. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Impervious surface. Any material or structure on or above the ground that prevents the movement of water from the land surface into the underlying soil or dirt. Impervious surface includes hardened surfaces caused by human action including paved parking lots, sidewalks, roof tops, driveways, patios, and roads. May include "semi-hardened" surfaces that greatly impede water flow and are also caused by human action, including highly compacted gravel, sand, soils, or clay, which can be nearly concrete-like in their imperviousness. See "Impervious Surface Coverage."

Impervious surface coverage. See "Coverage."

Improvement. A building, structure, place, parking facility, fence, gate, wall, landscaping, work of art, or other object that constitutes a physical addition to real property, or any part of such addition.

Industrial park. A development that contains a number of separate buildings, accessory and supporting uses, and open space all designed, planned, constructed, and maintained on a coordinated basis. Typical uses include administrative offices (up to 35 percent of overall project building gross square footage); research and development laboratories; custom-made product manufacturing, processing, packaging and fabrication of goods (e.g., jewelry, furniture, art objects, clothing, etc.) and the on-site wholesale of products produced; and labor intensive manufacturing, assembly, and repair processes.

Institution. An establishment maintained and operated by a society, corporation, individual, foundation or public agency for the purpose of providing charitable, social, educational or similar services to individuals, groups or the general public.

Interpretation. A means of resolving uncertainties or ambiguities in the meaning of any provision of this Zoning Code. Interpretations are uniformly applicable to all subsequent situations in which the same set of circumstances are present. See Section 20.615.020 (Appeal Subjects and Jurisdiction). (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Kennels and catteries. Facilities for the care of dogs and cats. See "Animal Sales and Services."

Kitchen. A room or area designed or used for cooking, preparation, refrigeration and storage of food and which includes any of the following: stove, oven, range top, dishwasher, sink, microwave oven, and refrigerator/freezer. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Land use. The purpose for which land or a structure is designed, arranged, intended, occupied, or maintained.

Land use regulations. Any specification of: (1) use of land or structures, including permitted, conditionally permitted and prohibited uses; and (2) site development standards that prescribe the maximum or minimum dimensions of a use or structure or the way in which a use or structure must be placed on a parcel of land.

Landscaping. See Chapter 20.315 (Landscaping Standards).

LEED. Leadership and Energy Efficient Design (LEED) is an internationally recognized green building certification system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across the

following types of metrics: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts.

Livable Beach Boulevard mobility plan. A plan developed by the City of Stanton that provides guidance for improvements within the public rights-of-way or publicly-accessible areas. The plan identifies improvements for amenities, pedestrian and bicycle facilities, vehicular circulation, transit and urban design recommendations including street furnishings.

Loading space. An off-street space or berth located on the same lot as the building or contiguous to a group of buildings and used for the temporary parking of commercial vehicles while loading and unloading cargo.

Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO). A commission created in compliance with the Cortese-KnoxHertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 (Government Code Section 56000 et seq.) to oversee proposals for organization and boundary changes, including the incorporation and disincorporation of cities, the formation and dissolution of special districts, and the annexation, consolidation, merger, and reorganization of cities and special districts.

Lot. The basic unit of land development. A designated area of land established by plat, subdivision, lot line adjustment, or as otherwise allowed by law, to be used, developed, or built upon as a unit. Typically a lot is indicated upon a final map, parcel map, lot line adjustment map, certificate of compliance, or record of merger filed in the Office of the County Recorder. A lot shall have direct access to a public right-of-way. Types of lots include the following: See Figure 7-7 (Lot Types).

, lot line adjustment, or as otherwise allowed by law, to be used, developed, or built upon as a unit. Typically a lot is indicated upon a final map, parcel map, lot line adjustment map, certificate of compliance, or record of merger filed in the Office of the County Recorder. A lot shall have direct access to a public right-of-way. Types of lots include the following: See Figure 7-7 (Lot Types).

1. Corner lot. A lot located at the intersection of two or more streets, where they intersect at an interior angle of not more than 135 degrees. If the intersection angle is more than 135 degrees, the lot is considered an interior lot. The front lot line of a corner lot abuts the shortest street lot line, unless otherwise determined by the Director.

2. Flag lot. A lot not meeting minimum lot frontage requirements and where access to the private or public right-of-way is provided by a narrow private access way that has a minimum width of 20 feet; is between abutting lots; and is owned in fee.

3. Interior lot. A lot abutting only one public right-of-way.

4. Key lot. An interior lot adjacent to the rear lot line of a reversed corner lot.

5. Reversed corner lot. A corner lot, the rear of which abuts the side of another lot.

6. Through lot. An interior lot with frontage on two parallel or approximately parallel streets. May be an interior lot having frontage on more than one street or a corner lot having frontage on more than two streets. Each street frontage of an interior lot and the two shortest street frontages of a corner lot shall be deemed a front lot line.

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Figure 7-7 Lot Types

Lot area. The total extent of the surface of a lot within its lot lines as measured on a horizontal plane.

Lot, buildable. A lot lawfully existing at the time of adoption or amendment of this Zoning Code and in conformance with the minimum dimensional and/or area standards in this Zoning Code required for the authorized construction of at least one primary structure.

Lot coverage. The total area of the lot that is covered by buildings or structures, often expressed as a percentage of total lot area.

Lot depth. The horizontal length of a straight line between the front and rear lot lines measured at right angles to the front lot line and connected to the rear lot line or the rear lot line extended. In case of a lot with a curved front, the lot depth is the horizontal length of a straight line that is formed by: extending the edges of the front lot lines and the rear lot line until they intersect, getting the midpoint between the two points of intersection, and drawing the line from this mid-point, at right angles to the rear lot line, and connecting to the front lot line. See Figure 7-8 (Lot Features).

Lot, irregular. Any lot where the requirements of this Zoning Code cannot be clearly applied and must be established by the Director.

Lot line. Any recorded boundary of a lot. See Figure 7-8 (Lot Features).

1. Front lot line. For an interior lot, the property line separating the lot from the public right-of-way. For a corner lot, the property line with the shortest frontage within residential zones and the longest frontage within nonresidential zones. If the lot lines of a corner lot are equal in length, the Director shall determine which is the front lot line. For a through lot, the line abutting a public right-of-way where primary access is taken.

2. Interior lot line. Any lot line not abutting a street.

3. Rear lot line. A lot line that does not intersect the front lot line and that is most distant from and most closely parallel to the front lot line. In the case of irregularly shaped lots, line to be determined by the Director.

4. Side lot line. Any lot line that is not a front or rear lot line.

5. Street lot line. A lot line separating the lot from a street or public right-of-way.

6. Zero-lot line. The location of a structure on a lot so that one or more of the structure's sides rests directly on or immediately adjacent to the lot line. See "Zero Lot Line."

==> picture [218 x 230] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 7-8 Lot Features

Lot line adjustment. A shift or rotation of an existing lot line between four or fewer existing, adjoining lots, where the land taken from one lot is added to an adjoining lot and where a greater number of lots than originally existed are not created.

Lot, nonconforming. A lot lawfully existing at the time of adoption or amendment of this Zoning Code and not in conformance with the dimensional and/or area standards of this Zoning Code.

Lot width. The horizontal length between the side lot lines measured at the front setback line. See Figure 7-8 (Lot Features). For cul-de-sac, knuckle, or similar lots, the lot width shall be measured at a point that is 20 feet from the front lot line along a line perpendicular to the middle point of the setback radius. See Figure 7-9 (Lot Width for Cul-de-Sac Lots).

==> picture [442 x 322] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 7-9 Lot Width for Cul-de-Sac Lots

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Medical marijuana dispensary. See definition in Municipal Code Chapter 9.38 (Medicinal Marijuana Dispensaries Prohibited).

Minor use permit. A type of discretionary permit that, if approved, would allow a use that requires a special degree of control because of characteristics peculiar to it, or because of size, technological processes or type of equipment, or because of the proposed site location with respect to surroundings, streets and existing improvements or demands upon public facilities, in compliance with Article 2 (Zones, Allowed Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards). The additional control is to ensure that the particular use on the particular proposed site is compatible with other existing or permitted uses surrounding the site, in compliance with Chapter 20.550 (Use Permits - Minor and Conditional).

Minor variance. A discretionary entitlement that, if approved, would allow the relaxation of specified, but very limited, development standards of this Zoning Code, in compliance with Chapter 20.555 (Variances and Minor Variances).

Mobile home. A trailer that is (1) transportable in one or more sections; (2) built before enactment of 42 U.S.C. Sec. 5403 , National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, which became effective June 15, 1976; (3) over eight feet in width and 40 feet in length; (4) with or without a permanent foundation; and (5) not including recreational vehicle, commercial coach, or factory built housing.

Mobile home sales. See "Vehicle Rentals, Sales, and Services."

Modification. A minor deviation in the requirements of the property development standards (but not permitted uses), as granted by the City in compliance with procedures in this Zoning Code when it is determined that the strict enforcement of development standards will cause undue hardship.

Motel. See "Lodging."

MTO (massage therapy organization) certificate. A certificate issued by the Massage Therapy Organization (MTO) to massage therapists pursuant to California Business and Professions Code § 4601(c) , and to massage practitioners pursuant to California Business and Professions Code § 4601(b) or California Business and Professions Code § 4604(a) or (c) .

Multi-family dwelling (land use). See "Dwelling, Multi-Family." (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

National pollutant discharge elimination system (NPDES). A system established by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) (Title IV, Section 402-Permits and Licenses) for issuing permits for wastewater discharge into waters of the United States. The permit provides two levels of control: technology-based limits (based on the ability of dischargers in the same industrial category to treat wastewater) and water quality-based limits (if technology-based limits are not sufficient to provide protection of the water body).

Nonconforming. See Chapter 20.620 (Nonconformities).

Nuisance. An act or condition, when performed or existing upon a parcel of land or structure, which is considered dangerous or potentially dangerous to public health, safety and welfare, degrades the appearance and value of surrounding properties, or can cause damage to public rights-of-way. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Occupied. Used, rented, leased, based or intended to be occupied.

Off-site. Located outside the lot or parcel lines of the principal use.

Off-street parking. An area together with the required number of parking spaces and improvements as specified by Chapter 17.330 (Off-Street Parking and Loading) for vehicle parking and maneuvering necessary to serve particular land uses, irrespective of the zones in which they occur.

On-site. Located within the lot or parcel lines of the primary use.

Open space. An area within a lot or project, which is open from ground to sky, is not built upon, and is designed for the exclusive use of residents and their guests. This does not include covered patios, driveways and required setbacks.

1. Common open space. An area of land reserved primarily for the use of residents or employees of a planned development project and is owned or managed in common by them, usually through some form of property/homeowners' association.

2. Private open space. An area of land associated with an individual dwelling unit or structure that is owned, leased, or rented by its occupants and is reserved exclusively for their use.

3. Public open space. An area of land that is set aside, either in conjunction with a planned development project, through purchase by the City, or through any form of dedication, where the land is designed primarily for use of the public, even though it may be associated with a private development project. The land is owned by the City and may be maintained either by the City or by a property/homeowners' association.

Ordinary maintenance and repair. Work for which a Building Permit is not required, the purpose and effect of which is to correct deterioration of, or damage to a structure, and to restore the structure to its condition before the deterioration or damage.

Overcrowding. Having a ratio of more than 1.01 occupants per habitable room (excluding kitchens, bathrooms and hallways) in a dwelling unit.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Pad. A graded or prepared area on a parcel upon which a structure may be placed.

Parcel. See "Lot."

Parking space. An accessible area maintained exclusively for the parking of one vehicle at any one time, excluding driveways, ramps, loading berths, and work areas.

Parking, tandem. The placement of parking spaces one behind the other, so that the space nearest the driveway or street access serves as the only means of access to the other space. May be located within a pullthrough garage.

Patio cover. An overhang or roof that is attached to a building and extends partly or entirely over an outdoor courtyard or room used for dining or recreation purposes.

Performance standard. A minimum criterion or measurement for the control of nuisance impacts such as noise, odor, smoke, toxic or noxious matter, vibration, fire and explosive hazards, glare or other objectionable elements produced by certain land uses.

Person. An individual, firm, co-partnership, joint venture, association, social club, fraternal organization, corporation, estate, trust, receiver, syndicate, or any other group acting as an entity, including the federal, state, or county government or special districts to the extent permitted by applicable federal and state law.

Place of worship. Any building used for nonprofit purposes by an established religious organization holding either tax exempt status under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or under the state property tax law, where the building is primarily intended to be used as a place of worship. The term includes, but is not necessarily limited to, church, temple, synagogue, and mosque. See "Assembly/Meeting Facility."

Planned development. An estate in real property consisting of an undivided interest in real property together with a separate interest in real property contiguous to the undivided interest and other special interests as specified in Business and Professions Code Section 11003 et seq.

Planned development permit. A type of discretionary permit that, if approved, would allow the design development a method whereby land may be designed and developed as a single unit by taking advantage of modern site planning techniques thereby resulting in a more efficient use of land, a better living environment, and a superb site plan, and excellence of design that is otherwise possible through strict application of the development standards identified in Article 2 (Zones, Allowed Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards), in exchange for a modification of specified development standards, in compliance with Chapter 20.520 (Planned Development Permits).

ient use of land, a better living environment, and a superb site plan, and excellence of design that is otherwise possible through strict application of the development standards identified in Article 2 (Zones, Allowed Land Uses, and Zone-Specific Standards), in exchange for a modification of specified development standards, in compliance with Chapter 20.520 (Planned Development Permits).

Planning fee schedule. A schedule of fees approved by the City Council for the payment of funds to the city for processing and reviewing land use permit applications or other entitlements or for issuing licenses. See Section 20.500.050 (Application Fees).

Police chief. The Police Chief of the City of Stanton, or authorized designee(s).

Porch cover. A roof-like structure that extends from a building and protects an open or partially enclosed platform or walkway that is attached to the exterior of a building. It does not serve to shelter vehicles.

Premises. A parcel of land with its improvements and buildings that is individually identified with a specific business. It may be under separate ownership, lease or rental agreement, and may be regarded as the smallest conveyable or leasable unit of real estate.

Preservation. The identification, study, protection, restoration, rehabilitation or enhancement of a structure, resource, or landmark.

Prezone. The process by which a city or county determines the actual future land use zoning districts for specified parcels of land under the county's jurisdiction before annexation of the parcels to the city.

Principal use. See "Use, Principal." The primary or predominant use of any parcel or structure.

Property. A lot or parcel of land where the owner obtains the right to use the land by virtue of ownership.

Property development standards. A set of regulations for the area and dimensions of a lot or property, for the bulk, size and location of structures, and for off-street parking, signs, landscaping, storage areas, and other physical improvements.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Reasonable accommodation. A type of discretionary permit that, if approved, would provide for persons with disabilities seeking equal access to housing under the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, the Federal Fair Housing Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the application of building and zoning laws and other land use policies, procedures, laws, rules, and regulations. See Chapter 20.525 (Reasonable Accommodation).

Receiver site. A site (e.g., one or more parcels of land located in one or more areas of the City) that is the subject of a transfer of development rights, where the owner of the site is receiving development rights, directly or by intermediate transfers, from a donor site, and on which increased density or intensity is allowed by reason of the transfer of development rights. See Chapter 20.545 (Transfer of Development Rights).

Recreational vehicle (RV). An RV is either of the following, as provided in Health and Safety Code Section 18010 :

1. A motor home, travel trailer, truck camper, or camping trailer, with or without motor power, originally designed for human habitation for recreational, emergency, or other occupancy, which meets all of the following criteria:

   • a. It contains less than 320 square feet of internal living room area, excluding built-in equipment, including wardrobe, closets, cabinets, kitchen units or fixtures, and bath or toilet rooms;

   • b. It contains 400 square feet or less of gross area measured at maximum horizontal projections;

   • c. It is built on a single chassis; and

   • d. It is self-propelled, truck-mounted, or permanently towable on the highways without a towing permit.

2. A park trailer, as defined in Health and Safety Code Section 18009.3 .

Retaining wall. A structure made of wood, masonry, or concrete designed to hold earth. It is normally associated with grading or regrading needed to raise or lower the ground level of a property or to preserve soil stability. See Chapter 20.310 (Fences, Walls, and Hedges).

Room, habitable. See "Habitable Floor Area." (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Setback. The distance by which a structure, parking area, or other development feature shall be separated from a lot line, other structure or development feature, street centerline, or easement. See Figure 7-10 (Setback Areas). See also "Yard."

Setback area. An area within a lot that is established for the purpose of governing the location of structures on the lot. A setback area is an open space area located between a lot line and the nearest relevant parallel setback line, unobstructed and unoccupied from the ground upward except as allowed in Section 20.305.070 (Setback Areas and Allowable Projections). See Figure 7-10 (Setback Areas). See also "Yard."

1. Front setback area. An area extending across the full width of a lot between the front lot line and the required front setback line.

2. Interior setback area. An area of separation between two structures on a single lot.

3. Rear setback area. An area extending across the full width of a lot between a rear lot line and the required rear setback line.

4. Side setback area. An area extending from the front setback line to the rear lot line between the nearest side lot line and the required side setback line.

Setback line. A line within a lot that delineates the minimum required distance between this line and the lot line which cannot be built upon. Buildings can only be located on that portion of the lot on or behind the setback line. See Figure 7 - 10 (Setback Areas).

==> picture [364 x 313] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 7-10 Setback Areas

Signs. See Chapter 20.325 (Sign Standards).

Single-family dwelling. See "Dwellings."

Single housekeeping unit. Any group of individuals, related or unrelated, who live together as a single integrated household in a dwelling unit, under no more than two written or oral rental agreements, including the joint use of common areas and sharing household activities and responsibilities (i.e., chores, expenses, and meals).

Site plan and design review. A type of discretionary permit that provides a process for the appropriate review of development projects (i.e., site layout and structural development), in compliance with Chapter 20.530 (Site Plan and Design Review).

South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). SCAQMD is the air pollution control district for the area that includes the County of Riverside and portions of Los Angeles, Orange, and San Bernardino counties. See "Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP)."

Sphere of influence. A sphere of influence is the probable ultimate physical boundary of a city as established by the Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) in compliance with the Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Local Government Reorganization Act of 2000 (Government Code Section 56000 et seq.). A sphere of influence contains unincorporated County land that is located outside a city's boundaries and that relates to the city's planning efforts.

State. The State of California.

Story. A portion of a building that includes the area between the upper surfaces of two consecutive floors. It also includes a basement, cellar, under-floor space, or other area where the finished floor level of the upper floor is 12 feet above grade at any point or is six feet above grade for 50 percent of its total perimeter. The top story of a building is the area between upper surface of the topmost floor and the roof above.

Street. A public or private right-of-way that has adequate width to allow vehicle and pedestrian access. This excludes alleys and utility rights-of-way. See General Plan Exhibit 5-1 (Roadway Classifications) in the Infrastructure and Community Services Element.

1. Street centerline. The centerline of a street or right-of-way, as established by official surveys. If no centerline or if two or more centerlines appear on an official survey map, the City Engineer shall determine the street centerline.

2. Street frontage. See "Frontage."

3. Street line. The boundary line between the street and an abutting lot or parcel of land.

Structural alteration. A change in the supporting framework of a building, such as foundation, bearing walls, columns, beams, floor or roof joists, girders and rafters; a change in roof or exterior lines of a building.

Structure. Anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires location on the ground or attachment to something having location on the ground.

1. Structure, accessory. A structure that is incidental to the principal structure on a site. Examples include above-ground spas, carports, detached decks, fences, detached garages, garden/storage sheds, gazebos, landings, platforms, porches, storage structures, walls, and workshops. No kitchen, bathroom, or toilet facilities are permitted.

2. Structure, attached. A structure that has a wall or roof in common with another structure.

3. Structure, detached. A structure that does not have a wall or roof in common with another structure.

4. Structure, enclosed. A structure enclosed by a permanent roof and solid exterior walls on all sides and having only the customary doors and windows.

5. Structure, principal. A structure in which is conducted the principal use of the lot or building site.

Structure coverage. See "Coverage."

Substantial improvement. A repair, improvement, or reconstruction of a structure that will cost more than 50 percent of the original structure's appraised value. For restoration work, the market value is determined before the damage occurred. This does not include alterations needed to comply with state or local health, sanitary, building, or safety codes and work on structures listed in the National or State Register of Historic Places. The first alteration of any wall, floor or structural part, even if it does not affect the external parts of the structure, shall be considered the start of substantial improvement.

Sundeck. An elevated platform on top of a garage or on the roof, which is open and unroofed. It may be supported from below or cantilevered and enclosed with a railing or balustrade. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Telecommuting. An employee foregoes a trip to the normal work site and instead works from home or from a satellite office near home.

Temporary use permit. A type of discretionary permit that, if approved, would allow a use to occupy a site for a limited period of time, typically less than 12 months, in compliance with Chapter 20.540 (Temporary Use Permits and Special Event Permits).

Temporary structure. A structure without any permanent foundation or footings, and which is removed when the designated time period, activity, or use for which the temporary structure was erected has ceased.

Townhouse. A structure designed for or used exclusively for residential purposes of one family. The structure is attached to similar structures forming groups of four but typically not more than eight dwellings in a linear arrangement and separated vertically by party walls. Each dwelling unit has a totally exposed front and rear wall to be used for direct ground-level access to the outdoors.

Traffic visibility area. The area of a corner lot closest to the intersection which is kept free of visual impairment to allow full view of pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicular traffic. See Section 20.305.100 (Traffic Safety Visibility Area).

Transfer of development rights (TDR). See Chapter 20.545 (Transfer of Development Rights). (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Use. The purpose for which a lot or a building is arranged, designed, intended, occupied, or maintained.

1. Accessory use. A use that is incidental, customarily related to, and subordinate to the primary use of the lot or building on the same lot and that does not alter the primary use or adversely affect adjacent uses.

2. Allowed use. A use that may be located, maintained, or operated subject to a planning permit identified as a requirement in Article 2 (Zones, Allowable Land Uses, and Zone Specific Standards).

3. Conditional use. A use permitted subject to the approval of a Conditional Use Permit or Minor Use Permit.

4. Principal use. The primary or predominant use of any lot or structure.

5. Public use. A use conducted exclusively by a public agency for public health, safety, or general welfare purposes. Includes public schools, parks, playgrounds, hospitals, and administrative and service facilities.

6. Semi-public use. A use conducted by a private non-profit organization involved in religious, recreational, charitable, or medical activities and having the main purpose of serving the general public. It includes churches, cemeteries, private schools and universities, private hospitals, youth centers and similar uses.

• (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Variance. A discretionary entitlement that, if approved, allows the waiver or relaxation of specified development standards of this Zoning Code, in compliance with Chapter 20.555 (Variances and Minor Variances).

Vehicle. Any self-propelled vehicle designed primarily for transportation of persons or goods along public streets or alleys, or other public ways.

Vehicle, commercial. Any vehicle larger than a pickup truck, includes semi-trucks and trailers, delivery vans. Does not include recreational vehicles regardless of gross vehicle weight rating (see "Recreational Vehicle").

Vehicle miles traveled (VMT). The measurement of the total miles traveled by all motor vehicles in a specified area during a specified time. One vehicle traveling one mile constitutes one vehicle-mile. VMT helps analysts determine road construction and maintenance needs, predict future surface demands, and estimate environmental costs.

Visible. Capable of being seen by a person with normal vision and without visual aid.

Visual obstruction. One or more objects (e.g., fences, hedges, trees, shrubs, walls, etc.) that limit visibility. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Wall. A physical barrier with 50 percent or more of its vertical surface preventing the passage of light, air, and vision on a horizontal plane.

Wheel-stop. A concrete barrier, at least six inches in height, which is placed at the front of a parking stall to prevent vehicles from rolling forward. (Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Yard. The area between a lot line and the side of a principal structure. An area of a yard may be smaller (if a nonconforming lot), the same, or larger in size than a required setback area. See Figure 7-11 (Yards). See also "Setback."

1. Front yard. An area between the front lot line and the front exterior wall of a building and extending across the full width of the lot.

2. Side yard. An area between the side exterior wall of a building and the nearest side lot line and extending from the front yard to the rear yard. In case of a corner lot, the side lot line is the planned street width line. When no rear yard is required, the side yard shall extend to the rear lot line.

3. Rear yard. An area between the rear lot line and the rear exterior wall of a building and extending across the full width of the lot.

==> picture [412 x 361] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 7-11 Yards

(Ord. 1017, 2013)

As used in this Zoning Code, the following terms and phrases shall have the meaning ascribed to them in this Section, unless the context in which they are used clearly requires otherwise. These definitions are in alphabetical order.

Zero lot line. A common lot line on which a wall of a structure may be constructed. See Figure 7-12 (Zero Lot Line Development).

Zero lot line building. A freestanding building on a lot that abuts only one side lot line and does not abut any other building on an adjoining lot. See Figure 7-12 (Zero Lot Line Development).

Zero lot line development. A planned arrangement of buildings on lots so that one or more of the building's exterior walls rests directly on a side lot line, thereby providing zero yard area on that side, with an easement so that the exterior wall. See Figure 7-12 (Zero Lot Line Development).

==> picture [451 x 302] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 7-12 Zero Lot Line Development

Zone. A district, zone district, or zoning district; a specific area in the City where uniform development standards and land uses are established by this Title 20, the boundaries of which are shown on the official Zoning Map.

Zone change. A legislative act of amending this Zoning Code by transferring an area of land from one zone to another on the Official Zoning Map. (Ord. 1017, 2013)