Division 6.05 — Landscaping

Sections:

6.05.000: Purpose 6.05.005: Applicability 6.05.010: Landscape Design Principles 6.05.015: Landscape Plans 6.05.020: Tree Preservation Policy and Protection Measures 6.05.025: Heritage Tree Preservation Mitigation Fee 6.05.030: Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund 6.05.035: Violation—Penalty 6.05.040: Required Landscaped Areas 6.05.045: Landscape Development Standards 6.05.050: Landscape Maintenance 6.05.055: Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines

The purpose of this Division is to establish standards regulating landscaping and irrigation systems, which:

A. Improve the connection between the built and natural environments, increase the function of outdoor spaces and buffer land use compatibility conflicts;

B. Enhance the aesthetic appearance of development in all areas of the City by providing standards relating to the quality, quantity, and functional aspects of landscaping;

• C. Reduce heat and glare generated by development;

D. Promote public health, safety, and welfare, by minimizing the impacts of all forms of physical and visual pollution, preserving the integrity of neighborhoods, and enhancing pedestrian and vehicular traffic safety;

E. Reduce energy use and associated costs from heating and air conditioning buildings and the transportation and pumping of water.

F. Preserve existing protected trees and topsoil where possible, incorporate native plant communities, and ecosystems into landscape design, and control soil erosion;

G. Promote the conservation of water by establishing provisions for water management practices, and techniques for the installation and maintenance of appropriate landscape materials and efficient irrigation systems as required by the Water Conservation in Landscaping Act of 2006 (AB 1881) and Executive Order No. B-29-15 (updated 2015), Model Water Efficient Ordinance (MWELO), commencing with GC Section 65591.

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A. Landscaping Required. All projects shall provide and maintain landscaping and irrigation systems in compliance with the provisions of this Division.

B. Landscape and Irrigation Plans Subject to City Review.

1. Submittal of Landscape and Irrigation Plans Required. Landscape and irrigation plans shall be submitted to the City for review for compliance with the requirements of this Division.

2. Plan Approval Required. Landscaping shall not be installed until the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans required by this Division have been approved by the Approving Authority. The Approving Authority is established by Table 2.02-1 (Review Matrix) of this Development Code and shall be empowered to approve or deny Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans.

3. Changes to Approved Landscape and Irrigation Plans. Changes to approved Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans, which affect the character or quantity of the plant material or irrigation system design, shall be resubmitted for approval of the revision by the Approving Authority, prior to the commencement of the changes.

Landscaping is an important part of the aesthetic quality of the City and is important to create a sense of the City as a pleasant and safe place to live and work. The standards prescribed by this Division are intended to pursue sustainable, high quality landscaping, which is associated with the varying land use characteristics of the community. It is further intended that implementation of these guidelines will serve to enhance the street environment for motorists, as well as to contribute to convenient pedestrian connections throughout the City.

1. Use landscaping to define and create usable spaces throughout each development. Landscaping should be used to guide the user through the site and incorporate appropriate design elements for spaces such as entrances, walkways, gathering spaces, seating areas, utility areas, view corridors, open spaces, play spaces, and foregrounds and backdrops. Landscape design can be accomplished by utilizing form, function, scale, unity, contrast, varying the density of landscape material, use of color, layering, vertical and horizontal contrasts, and varying the texture of planting. Individual building projects can be enhanced through larger and more intensely developed landscaping.

2. Use landscaping to reduce the massing of buildings and eliminate large blank walls. Landscaping should be used to reduce the massing or bulk of buildings, particularly large industrial and warehouse/distribution buildings. Reductions in massing can be accomplished by using landscape treatments to provide vertical and horizontal contrast and to add visual interest. Major buildings should have foundation plantings adjacent to buildings such as hedgerows or shrub masses to break the horizontal ground plane from the vertical plane of the building.

3. Use landscaping to soften the effect of paved areas. Landscaping should be provided in all parking areas to reduce the visual impact of parking areas and reduce associated heat build-up. Parking lot landscaping should be integrated with, and an extension of, other onsite landscape features.

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4. Landscapes should be designed to achieve harmony and unity between indoor and outdoor spaces. Designs should create both pleasing and economical layouts, incorporating durable and natural materials while ensuring safety and providing guidance for pedestrians and vehicles to their destinations. High quality landscapes should be attractive with open accessibility to nature while incorporating measures to promote sustainability: environmentally, economically, and socially.

5. Environmentally sustainable landscapes efficiently manage stormwater by capturing, and infiltrating runoff into dry wells, french drains, vegetated swales, or basins in planter areas or into porous hardscapes. Hardscape areas should be planted with canopy trees to clean air and mitigate the urban heat island effect and use California native and Mediterranean type plants to conserve water.

6. Economically sustainable landscapes are energy efficient by using large trees to buffer summer sun and winter wind on buildings or outdoor seating areas. They use resources carefully by incorporating low water using plants and efficient irrigation systems. Turfgrass areas are limited to parks and open spaces for active play which help reduce maintenance, pollution and water resource costs.

7. Socially sustainable landscapes create unique environments that enhance places to work, shop or dine and lend significant value to development. High quality landscapes have a profound impact on people's attitude and work performance as well as their enjoyment of a place. Open spaces, plazas, employee lunch areas and trails offer places to unwind, and meet people. Accessible paths and trails improve health through walking and biking.

A. Preliminary Landscape Plans.

1. Plan Required. A preliminary landscape plan shall be submitted with a Development Plan application or any other discretionary permit or action that proposes new or revised landscaped area. Where no discretionary permit or action is required, Landscape and Construction Irrigation Documentation Plans prepared pursuant to Subsection B (Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans) of this Section, may be required by the City prior to the issuance of a Building Permit, as a requirement of any landscaped area proposed in fulfillment of the requirements of this Development Code.

2. Preliminary Landscape Plan.

a. The preliminary landscape plan shall meet the purposes of this Division by exhibiting a design layout that demonstrates the desired landscaping program in terms of function, location, size, scale, theme, and similar attributes.

b. The preliminary landscape plan shall provide the Approving Authority with a clear understanding of the landscaping program prior to preparation of the detailed Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans.

c. The preliminary landscape plan shall meet the purposes of OMC Title 10 (Parks and Recreation), Chapter 2 (Parkway Trees), commencing with Section 10-2.01.

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d. The preliminary landscape plan shall include the Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA) calculation, based upon the area devoted to landscaping as shown on the preliminary landscape plan. See worksheets contained in the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G) for the MAWA calculation formula.

3. Plan Preparation by a Qualified Design Professional is Required. Preliminary landscape plans shall be prepared by a California-registered landscape architect, or the architect that designed the on-site structures and improvements, or other qualified design professional.

4. Waiver of Requirements. The Approving Authority may waive the requirement for a preliminary landscape plan for building additions and remodels if no alterations, or minor alterations, are proposed to existing landscape areas or site topography.

B. Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans.

1. Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans Required.

a. Prior to the installation of landscaping and irrigation systems required by this Division, Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans shall be submitted to the City for review and approval by the Approving Authority. b. The required plans shall be prepared by, and bear the seal of, a landscape architect registered with the State of California.

c. Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans shall be provided for each of the following project types:

(1) New and rehabilitated public or private development projects with

landscaping;

(2) Developer-installed landscaping for all single-family and multiple-

family development projects; and

(3) New and rehabilitated homeowner-installed or homeowner-hired projects with landscaping totaling 5,000 SF or more in area, on any lot containing a single-family or multiple-family dwelling.

2. Water Conservation Concept Statement. A Water Conservation Concept Statement shall be provided on the cover sheet of the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plan set required by Paragraph B.1 (Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans Required) of this Section, which serves as a checklist to verify that all required elements of the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans have been provided. A Water Conservation Concept Statement shall have the form and content shown in the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G).

3. Water Budget Worksheet. A Water Budget Worksheet for new landscape areas shall be provided with each Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plan set submitted for areas to be newly landscaped, as required by Paragraph B.1 (Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans Required) of this Section. Said worksheet shall have the form and content shown in the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G), and shall include: [i] calculation of the Maximum Applied Water Allowance

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(MAWA), [ii] calculation of the Estimated Total Water Use (ETWU), and [iii] calculation of the Water Budget Comparison.

4. Requirements for Existing Landscape Areas.

a. All existing landscape areas that are one or more acres in size, and were installed prior to January 1, 2010, shall provide a project's MAWA for existing landscaping. A Water Budget Worksheet for Existing Landscape Areas shall be provided with the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans, which shall be consistent with the form and content shown in the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G).

b. Existing landscape areas and landscape areas that do not have a dedicated water meter shall employ techniques, equipment and procedures to reduce water use and meet the MAWA for existing landscapes.

c. Landscape areas that do not meet the MAWA shall utilize: [i] an irrigation survey; [ii] an audit performed by a Certified Landscape Irrigation Auditor or a Landscape Industry Technician certified in irrigation, to provide recommendations, such as replacement or repairing of irrigation equipment as recommended in order to prevent water waste and meet the water budget; or [iii] other methods acceptable to the City.

5. Planting Plan. The Planting Plan shall be included in the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans and shall contain all required information prescribed by this Division and the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G).

6. Irrigation Plan. The Irrigation Plan shall be included in the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans and shall contain all required information prescribed by this Division and the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G).

7. Precise Grading Plan. A Precise Grading Plan shall be included in the Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans and shall contain all required information prescribed by this Division and the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G). To promote the efficient use of water, the grading of a project site shall be designed to minimize soil erosion, runoff, and water waste, and shall avoid soil compaction in landscape areas. Furthermore, said plans shall show grading techniques and stormwater devices that increase rainwater capture for infiltration and/or on-site storage coordinated with the landscape design.

8. Soil Management Report. Agronomical soil testing shall be performed, and test results and recommendations shall be included on the Landscape Documentation Plans. Testing shall be performed, and recommendations shall be implemented, prior to landscape installation. 9. Irrigation Schedules. Irrigation Schedules shall be included in the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans.

10. Maintenance Schedules. Landscaping and irrigation systems shall be maintained to ensure water use efficiency, plant health, and a well maintained, attractive appearance. A regular maintenance schedule shall be included in the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans.

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11. Certificate of Completion. Upon completion of landscaping and irrigation system installation, the licensed landscape architect of record, or their designee, shall conduct a final field inspection and shall prepare a Certificate of Completion, which shall be filed with the City. The Certificate of Completion shall specifically indicate that the landscaping and the irrigation system were installed as shown on the approved Planting and Irrigation Plans, and that the soil testing and amendments have been installed as specified by the soil management plan. If the irrigation system was not installed pursuant to plans, or if water use exceeds the water budget, a certified landscape irrigation auditor shall conduct an irrigation audit, and the recommendations to ensure water efficiency shall be provided, prior to permit approval.

nd Irrigation Plans, and that the soil testing and amendments have been installed as specified by the soil management plan. If the irrigation system was not installed pursuant to plans, or if water use exceeds the water budget, a certified landscape irrigation auditor shall conduct an irrigation audit, and the recommendations to ensure water efficiency shall be provided, prior to permit approval.

12. Required Plans, Maps, Reports, Schedules, and Other Necessary Information. All plans, maps, reports, schedules, and other information required to be contained in the Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plan set by this Section, shall include all information stipulated by the Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G), which prescribes the minimum information to be submitted, together with any required plans, maps, reports, special studies, exhibits, and any other information deemed necessary by the City to review and act upon the required plans and information.

13. Public Education. All model homes that are landscaped shall incorporate signs and written information to demonstrate the principals of water efficient landscapes described in this Division. Signs shall feature elements such as hydrozones, irrigation equipment, and plants that contribute to the overall water efficient theme. Written information shall be provided about plant types, irrigation systems and managing and maintaining water efficient landscapes.

A. Purpose. The purpose of this Section is to establish policies and measures that will further the preservation, protection, and maintenance of established and healthy heritage trees within the City, to improve the community forest that provides environmental, aesthetic and economic benefits, and enhances the quality of life. It is pertinent to the public welfare that such trees be protected from indiscriminate cutting or removal.

B. Applicability. The City Council hereby establishes that it is the policy of the City to preserve, protect, and maintain established and healthy trees within the City, to the extent practicable. Consideration shall be afforded Heritage Trees, as set forth in this Section.

C. Definitions. As used in this Section , the following words, terms, and phrases are defined as follows:

1. Heritage Tree. The term "Heritage Tree" means a tree of historic or cultural significance, or a tree of importance to the community due to any one of the following factors: a. A tree designated for preservation pursuant to Section 4.02.040 (Historic Preservation—Historic Landmark and District Designations, and Architectural Conservation Areas) of this Development Code.

b. It is one of the largest or oldest trees of the species located in the City, with a trunk diameter of 18 inches or greater, measured at 54 inches above natural grade; or

c. It has historical significance due to an association with an historic building, site, street, person, or event; or

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d. It is a defining landmark or significant outstanding feature of a neighborhood or district, or typical of early Ontario landscapes, including [i] Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor Tree), [ii] Cedrus deodara (Deodar Cedar), [iii] Platanus acerifolia, [iv] Quercus suber (Cork Oak), [v] Quercus ilex (Holly Oak), or [vi] Schinus molle (California Pepper); or

e. It is a Native Tree. The term "Native Tree" means any one of the following California native tree species, which has a trunk diameter of more than 8 inches, measured at 54 inches above natural grade, including [i] Platanus racemosa (California Sycamore), [ii] Pinus torreyana (Torrey Pine), [iii] Quercus agrifolia (Coast Live Oak), [iv] Quercus engelmannii (Engelmann Oak), [v] Quercus lobata (Valley Oak), or [vi] Umbellularia californica (California Bay).

2. Tree Protection Area. The term "Tree Protection Area" (TPA) means the area of tree roots and canopy to be designated by fencing to prohibit access during construction activities. The tree protection area is typically equal to one foot of radius for each inch of trunk diameter measured at 54 inches above natural grade, but not less than an 8-FT radius. This term may also be referred to as "Protected Root Area" (PRA).

D. Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan.

1. Property proposed for development on which a Heritage Tree exists, shall require the submittal of a Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan prepared by a licensed landscape architect, horticulturalist, certified arborist, or other related professional. Said plan shall be submitted concurrent with a Development Plan or building permit request for alterations of a site and shall be reviewed and approved by the Approving Authority for the corresponding application request.

2. The Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan shall show all existing on-site trees, and those existing trees on abutting lots and public rights-of-way with a canopy or root zone that extends onto the site or within 8 FT of a construction, staging or storage area, or graded site. Furthermore, the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan shall identify TPAs and trees requested to be removed and shall show replacement trees as required by this Division.

3. The Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan shall include a tree evaluation or arborist report of affected trees, prepared by a City-approved certified arborist or qualified horticulturalist, to determine health, structure, condition, and expected life span of all affected trees.

E. Tree Protection During Construction.

1. All trades performing work on property in which trees have been specifically identified for protection pursuant to this Section, shall be informed of the protected trees. 2. During site construction, no person in control of work shall leave any Heritage Tree(s) without sufficient protections in place to prevent injury to the tree(s). Furthermore, it shall be unlawful and a violation of this Section to leave any Heritage Tree protected pursuant to this Section without sufficient protections in place.

3. Any special Tree Protection During Construction requirements shall be included in the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan, and on any Demolition, Grading, or Construction Plan(s) where existing trees may be impacted, along with the following Tree Protection During Construction standard notes:

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a. Existing trees to be protected shall be identified with protective fencing to form a TPA. The TPA shall encircle the tree at the outer most edge of the root zone and canopy. The TPA is defined by its "Critical Root Radius," which is calculated by measuring the tree's diameter at 54 inches above natural grade (dbh) and allowing 1.5 FT of radius for each inch of tree diameter. In example, if a tree's dbh is 10 inches, its Critical Root Radius is 15 FT.

b. Protective fencing shall be installed prior to any earthwork and shall remain in place until all work is complete. Fencing shall be 3 FT to 4 FT in height and shall be installed at the outer most edge of the Critical Root Radius or TPA. The temporary fencing shall be of chain link or other approved durable material. Post "Tree Protection Zone – Keep Out" signs on TPA fencing.

c. No construction or staging equipment is allowed within a TPA, including heavy equipment that will compact and damage the roots.

d. No disposal of construction materials or by products including paint, plaster, or chemical solutions, is allowed within a TPA.

e. Natural or preconstruction grade shall be maintained within a TPA. At no time shall soil be in contact with a tree trunk above the root flare.

f. TPAs shall be irrigated sufficiently with clean potable water to keep the tree in good health and vigor before, during, and after construction. Deep watering may be necessary on a weekly basis. Verify that the depth of irrigation provided to roots is adequate.

g. Apply a 4-inch to 6-inch thick layer of mulch within the TPA, one foot away

from the trunk, before construction begins.

h. Any work required to be conducted in the ground, within the TPA, shall be accomplished with hand tools or an air spade.

i. Pruning for clearance, if needed, shall be done to prevent damaging branches with large equipment. All pruning shall be in accordance with industry standards (International Society of Arboriculture ANSI A300) under the direction of a Certified Arborist. j. Avoid cutting roots with a diameter larger than 2 inches. Cuts should be clean and made at right angles to the roots. When practical, cut roots back to a branching lateral root. Trenches for piping shall be bored under, at a minimum depth of 36 inches. Consult a Certified Arborist to be present if more than 33 percent of the root zone is impacted, or roots greater than 2 inches diameter within 5 FT of the trunk will be cut, to ensure tree stability and that health will not be affected.

k. Protect soil and roots from compaction in landscape areas used for driveways, storage, or parking, with a layer of geotextile fabric and 6 inches of crushed gravel.

4. All trades performing work on property in which trees have been specifically identified for protection pursuant to this Section, shall be informed of the Tree Protection and Inventory Plan and the Tree Protection During Construction requirements.

F. Waiver of Development Standards to Further Heritage Tree Preservation and Protection. When considering an application for any permit or approval that may adversely affect Heritage

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Trees, the City may allow certain departures from established development standards to assist in their preservation, through the granting of an Administrative Exception pursuant to Section 4.02.020 (Departures from Development Standards) of this Development Code. Allowable exceptions specifically for the furtherance of tree preservation shall be limited to a maximum 15 percent reduction from minimum setback and separation requirements, and maximum 10 percent from off-street parking requirements. The Approving Authority may grant Administrative Exceptions from said setback, separation, and/or parking standards after first finding that:

1. The applicant has investigated alternative site designs and building configurations in strict compliance with the applicable development standards;

2. The tree(s) to be preserved is/are in good health and condition (taking into account species and longevity) as determined by a certified arborist;

3. The project includes a well-integrated and thoughtful design solution that enhances the property and its surroundings;

4. The project would not be injurious to adjacent properties or uses, or detrimental to the environment, quality of life, or the health, safety, and welfare of the public; and

5. The project is consistent with the purposes of the applicable zoning district, planned unit development, or specific plan, the applicable development standards and guidelines, and the Vision, Policy Plan, and City Council Priorities components of The Ontario Plan.

G. Heritage Tree Removal. It is the City's policy to protect and preserve healthy trees that provide benefits to the community, whenever possible. However, if it is determined through an arborist report, tree evaluation, or other city approved means, that a Heritage tree is dead, hazardous, diseased, or damaged beyond repair, or may pose an emergency or safety concern, the Approving Authority may order removal of the tree.

H. Heritage Tree Pruning. Pruning of any Heritage Tree protected pursuant to this Section shall be performed under the direction of a certified arborist, horticulturalist, or similar qualified licensed professional, following the most recent standards of the International Society of Arboriculture and ANSI A300 standards for tree care operations.

I. Heritage Tree Damage or Tree Removal without City Approval.

1. The damage or removal of a Heritage Tree protected pursuant to this Section, or encroachment into a protected root area or TPA, shall require an evaluation by a City-approved certified arborist as to the resulting condition, prescribed treatment to repair the damage, replacement trees if removed (as prescribed by this Division), and monetary value of the tree if removed or damaged beyond repair. Penalties pursuant to Section 6.05.035 (Violation—Penalty) of this Division shall apply.

2. For the purposes of this Subsection, the term "tree removal" shall include any act that causes the actual removal of a Heritage Tree, or the effective removal of a Heritage Tree by means of willful damage; damage resulting from excessive or improper pruning, excavation, or construction; poisoning; or any other direct or indirect action resulting in tree death within the 3- year period following said actions.

J. Heritage Tree Replacement. Healthy Heritage Trees that are approved for removal shall be replaced with new trees and shall be shown on required Landscape and Irrigation Construction

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Documentation Plans. Replacement trees shall have a total trunk diameter (caliper) equal to the tree(s) removed, or as deemed appropriate by the Approving Authority based on the lot size and available planting space. Replacement trees shall be in addition to the quantity of trees required by this Division for landscaping. The Approving Authority shall review the landscape plan and approve appropriate species for tree replacement (see Section 6.05.045 (Landscape Development Standards) for required trees).

K. Monetary Value. The monetary value of Heritage Trees protected pursuant to this Division, which are removed, shall be based upon the "Guide for Plant Appraisal," which is available from the International Society of Arboriculture. Appraisals shall be performed by a City-approved professional plant appraiser or certified arborist skilled in tree appraisals.

L. Prohibited Acts. It shall be expressly prohibited to damage or to remove any Heritage Tree without prior specific authorization by the Zoning Administrator, except that tree removal specifically approved as a part of a Development Plan or Building Permit approval; Certificate of Appropriateness; pruning or removal to obtain adequate line-of-sight distances as specifically authorized by the City Engineer; pruning or removal as required for public safety as specifically authorized by City representatives; and/or actions taken by a public or private utility company for the protection of their existing electrical power or communication lines, or other property of a public utility.

A. Purpose. The purpose of this Section is to establish the Heritage Tree Preservation Mitigation Fee whereby the impacts resulting from the construction or demolition of heritage tree(s) may be mitigated by the collection of fees that will provide a source of funds for the conservation, preservation, restoration, replanting and reforestation of trees within the City.

B. Applicability.

1. A mitigation fee, in an amount established by this Section, shall be paid prior to the issuance of any permit for construction or demolition of any heritage tree(s). The mitigation fee shall be deposited in the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund established pursuant to Section 6.05.030 (Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund) of this Division.

2. The mitigation fee shall be based on the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan pursuant to Section 6.05.020 (Tree Preservation Policy and Protection Measures) of this division.

a. The mitigation fee for Healthy Heritage Trees that are approved for removal shall equal the replacement value of the total trunk diameter (caliper) equal to the tree(s) removed, or as deemed appropriate by the Approving Authority based on the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan. The Approving Authority shall review the Tree Inventory and Preservation Plan and approve the replacement value.

b. The mitigation fee for the monetary value of Heritage Trees protected pursuant to this Division, which are removed, shall be based upon the "Guide for Plant Appraisal," which is available from the International Society of Arboriculture. Appraisals shall be performed by a City-approved professional plant appraiser or certified arborist skilled in tree appraisals.

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A. Purpose. The purpose of the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund is to provide funding, under direction of the City Council, for the conservation, preservation, restoration, replanting and reforestation within the City.

B. Applicability. The Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund is hereby established as means to receive and replenish monies to assist the funding of tree preservation and reforestation projects within the City. All funds deposited in the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund shall be used solely for the conservation, preservation, restoration, replanting and reforestation of the City, as provided in this Section.

C. Trust Fund Administration.

1. The City Manager, or designee of the City Manager, shall have authority for establishing policy for Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund expenditures.

2. The City Manager, or designee of the City Manager shall have authority to make recommendations to the City Council regarding any action or activity necessary or appropriate to implement its powers or duties to fulfill the objectives of the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund.

3. The City Manager, or designee of the City Manager, shall serve as financial administrator of the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund and shall be responsible for management of its finances, which shall be carried-out pursuant to all applicable federal, State and local laws.

4. The Planning Director, or designee of the Planning Director, shall serve as program administrator of the Historic Preservation Trust Fund and shall be responsible for its day-to-day management and operations.

D. Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund Proceeds.

1. Deposits. All funds received by the City for heritage tree preservation purposes shall be deposited in the Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund. The City's Fiscal Services Department may establish separate accounts within the Trust Fund for the purpose of separating deposits according to their origin or intended purpose.

E. Heritage Tree Preservation Trust Fund Program Activities.

1. Qualifying Program Activities are hereby established for the following:

a. New Tree Plantings. Tree plantings in parkways or city right-of-way shall be per the Street Tree Master Plan or Ontario Ranch Streetscape Master Plan. Tree plantings in public projects such as parks and city facilities shall be determined by the Approving Authority.

b. Reforestation Tree Plantings. Reforestation tree plantings in parkways or city right-of-way shall be per the Street Tree Master Plan or Ontario Ranch Streetscape Master Plan. Tree plantings in public projects such as parks and city facilities shall be determined by the Approving Authority.

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c. Tree Removal Alternatives and Mitigation Measures. Tree removal alternatives and mitigation measures such as root pruning, flexible paving material, other materials, protection measures, and mitigation measures recommended in the Certified Arborist's report.

d. Acquisition, Planting and Maintenance of Trees. Activities to acquire, plant and maintain existing and proposed heritage trees as determined by the Approving Authority, identified in the Certified Arborist's report.

2. Qualifying Projects that implement Trust Fund Program Activities are hereby established for the following project types:

a. Capital Improvement Projects (CIP) for New Construction and Rehabilitation Projects. CIP Construction projects allow for activities that contribute to the conservation, preservation, restoration, replanting and reforestation of heritage trees located within public spaces.

(1) Conservation, preservation and restoration of trees within public spaces, such as but not limited to parkways and rights-of-ways. Funds may support public projects and include activities directly contributing to the conservation, preservation, and restoration of existing heritage trees. Activities may include, but are not limited to, the installation of alternate sidewalk materials, meandering sidewalks, and any reports and analyses prepared by a certified arborist that identify protection measures that will contribute to extending the life and viability of existing heritage trees.

(2) Replanting and reforestation of trees within public spaces, such as but not limited to parkways and rights-of-ways. Any replanting or reforestation efforts must be identified in the certified arborist report and include circumstances that warrant tree removal. Such conditions that warrant the removal of heritage tree(s) may include tree(s) that are dead, hazardous, diseased, or damaged beyond repair, or may pose an emergency or safety concern relating to the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Funds shall be used to support the overall project and include activities directly contributing to the replanting and reforestation of trees where a certified arborist has recommended the removal of a heritage tree(s). Activities may include, but are not limited to, intermittent planting strategies and new tree plantings, as well as warranty and maintenance efforts that support the establishment and longevity of new tree plantings, such as tree staking, irrigation measures and other construction activities to support the viability of newly planted trees.

b. Public Works Projects for New Construction and Rehabilitation Projects. Public Works Construction projects that allow for activities that directly contribute to the conservation, preservation, restoration, replanting, and reforestation of heritage trees located within public spaces.

(1) Conservation, preservation and restoration of trees within public spaces, such as but not limited to public parks, parkways, rights-of-ways and city facilities. Funds may support public projects and include activities directly contributing to the conservation, preservation, and restoration of existing heritage trees. Activities may include, but are not limited to, the installation of alternate sidewalk materials, meandering sidewalks, and any reports and analyses prepared by a certified arborist that identify protection measures that will contribute to extending the life and viability of existing heritage trees.

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(2) Replanting and reforestation of trees within public spaces, such as but not limited to public parks, parkways, rights-of-ways, and city facilities. Any replanting or reforestation efforts must be identified in the certified arborist report and include circumstances that warrant tree removal. Such conditions that warrant the removal of heritage tree(s) may include tree(s) that are dead, hazardous, diseased, or damaged beyond repair, or may pose an emergency or safety concern relating to the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Funds shall be used to support the overall project and include activities directly contributing to the replanting and reforestation where a certified arborist has recommended the removal of a heritage tree(s). Activities may include but are not limited to, intermittent planting strategies and new tree plantings as well as warranty and maintenance efforts that support the establishment and longevity of new tree plantings such as tree staking, irrigation measures and other construction activities to support the viability of newly planted trees.

c. Planning Projects. Studies and reports that analyze existing conditions and make recommendations on conservation and preservation of heritage trees and reforestation treatments; and

d. Community Outreach. Outreach campaigns consist of the creation of education material and media to raise awareness of tree preservation benefits.

3. Project Selection Criteria. The award of Heritage Tree Preservation Funds shall be based upon consideration of the following criteria:

a. Level of significance of the heritage tree(s) impacted.

b. Overall benefit to the community; and

c. Ability to ensure the longevity of the health of the trees and features through warranty and maintenance.

A. Violation. Any violation of this chapter shall be a misdemeanor or infraction at the discretion of the City Attorney or District Attorney.

B. Civil Penalties. Irrespective of, and cumulative to, any criminal conviction for a violation of this Division, the City may, pursuant to GC Section 36901, impose a civil penalty in an amount not exceeding $1,000, or by imprisonment not to exceed 6 months, or both such fine and imprisonment on any person either through an administrative hearing or a civil action brought either by the City Attorney or a designated employee of the City. Each tree removed in violation of this Division shall constitute a separate offense.

C. Restitution for Damage or Removal of Protected Trees within the City. Irrespective of whether the City pursues criminal and/or civil action under this Division, nothing in this Division shall prevent the City from seeking restitution for damage or removal of trees within the City, which are protected by this Division, as an alternative to criminal action and/or civil action to recover a civil penalty in accordance with Subsection B of this Section.

D. Assessment of Civil Penalties. Civil penalties may be assessed against a responsible party as confirmed by resolution of the City Council, and shall constitute a special assessment against the property to which it relates and after its recording, as thus made and confirmed, the same

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shall constitute a lien on the property in the amount of such assessment. The notices of such special assessment shall be provided to the responsible party by certified mail, as determined from the County Assessor's or County Recorder's records. The assessment shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner as ordinary City taxes are collected and shall be subject to the same penalties and the same procedure as provided for ordinary City taxes. All laws applicable to the levy, collection and enforcement of City taxes shall be applicable to the special assessment.

E. Appeals.

1. Within 10 days after mailing of a Notice of Violation, which states the civil penalties to be assessed, the owner or person having charge of affected premises may file an appeal of the assessed civil penalties and the violations upon which the civil penalties are based, with the Planning Department, on a City application form.

2. Within 45 days following receipt of an appeal request, the City Manager shall hold a hearing, which shall be open to the public. The City Manager shall hear and consider objections and/or protests from any owner or person having charge of affected premises, or other interested persons relative to the accrual of civil penalties, and shall hear and receive all relevant evidence and testimony relative to the violations upon which the civil penalties are based, and shall consider all of the related facts.

e open to the public. The City Manager shall hear and consider objections and/or protests from any owner or person having charge of affected premises, or other interested persons relative to the accrual of civil penalties, and shall hear and receive all relevant evidence and testimony relative to the violations upon which the civil penalties are based, and shall consider all of the related facts.

3. Upon conclusion of the appeal hearing, the City Manager shall determine the amount of civil penalties to be assessed. The decision of the City Manager shall be final and conclusive.

F. Penalties collected resulting from enforcement of this section shall be placed in the general fund and used solely for the purposes of the City to ensure and maintain the character and well-being of the City.

A. Residential Projects. Residential development projects shall be landscaped and irrigated as follows:

1. Conventional and Small Lot Single-Family Projects.

a. The front yard and any street side yard of a conventional or small lot singlefamily project site, and all parkway areas that abut the site, shall be fully landscaped and provided with an underground automatic irrigation system, and shall be maintained in compliance with the requirements of this Division.

b. A landscape and irrigation documentation plan shall be submitted for review and approval by the Approving Authority prior to building permit issuance, pursuant to Subsection 6.05.015.B (Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans) of this Division.

2. Cluster Single-Family and Multiple-Family Projects.

a. The entirety of a cluster single-family or multiple-family project site, including street parkway and median areas that abut the project site, which is not otherwise devoted to

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building area and paving, shall be fully landscaped and provided with an underground automatic irrigation system, and shall be maintained in compliance with the requirements of this Division.

b. A landscape and irrigation documentation plan shall be submitted for review and approval by the Approving Authority prior to building permit issuance, pursuant to Subsection 6.05.015.B (Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans) of this Division.

B. Nonresidential Projects. Nonresidential development projects shall be landscaped and irrigated as follows:

1. The entirety of a nonresidential project site (excluding areas devoted to building area, paving, and/or outdoor loading and storage areas that are screened from public view), including street parkway and median areas that abut the project site, shall be fully landscaped, provided with an underground automatic irrigation system, and maintained in compliance with the requirements of this Division.

2. A landscape and irrigation construction documentation plan shall be submitted for review and approval by the Approving Authority prior to building permit issuance, pursuant to Subsection 6.05.015.B (Landscape and Irrigation Construction Documentation Plans) of this Division.

C. All Unused Areas of a Site shall be Landscaped and Irrigated.

1. All areas of a project site not intended for a specific use, including pad sites held for future development, shall be landscaped and provided with an automatic irrigation system, unless it is determined by the Approving Authority that landscaping is not necessary to fulfill the purposes of this Division. This requirement shall not apply to the side or rear yard area of a singlefamily residence, or that portion of a lot devoted to a legally established agricultural use.

2. The Approving Authority shall determine the level or intensity of landscaping to be provided for vacant pad sites, based upon an approved phasing plan.

D. Landscaping of Off-Street Parking Facilities. Outdoor off-street parking lots within residential developments, or within nonresidential developments that are visible from a public or private street, or are accessible by the public, shall be landscaped in the following manner: 1. At least 7 percent of the total area of a parking lot shall be landscaped, excluding perimeter landscaping or setback areas that may be required by the base zoning district.

2. Landscaping consistent with the landscape setback provisions of the base zoning district in which a parking lot is located, shall be provided adjacent to adjoining streets.

3. Landscaping shall be evenly distributed throughout the parking lot and shall not be concentrated in any one area.

4. No landscaped area is to have a dimension smaller than 5 FT clear in any direction, except as provided elsewhere by this Development Code.

5. Where parking lots occur along streets, a landscaped buffer element, minimum 10 FT in width, shall be constructed, which consists of a minimum 3-FT high hedge-like material to

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screen views of parked cars from the street. To shade pedestrians and create an attractive streetscape, shade trees shall be planted within this landscaped buffer at an average spacing of 25 to 30 FT on center. Landscaping may be combined with low walls or dense plant material to mitigate the visual effects of parking lots and loading areas.

6. There shall be provided within each row of parking spaces, planter islands at least 5 FT in width (exclusive of curbs), which extend the full length of the abutting parking space(s), located so as to prevent no more than 10 vehicles from being parked side-by-side in an abutting configuration.

7. Planter islands for a single row of parking spaces shall be landscaped with at least one tree, appropriate shrubs, and groundcover. Planter islands for a double row of parking spaces shall contain not less than 2 trees, and appropriate shrubs and groundcover.

8. Throughout parking lots tree wells, tree diamonds or center planter strips shall be provided to facilitate the planting of shade trees at the minimum rate of one tree for each 4 parking spaces. Tree wells shall be a minimum of 5 FT in width and 5 FT in length (exclusive of curbs).

9. Shade trees shall have a minimum canopy of 30 FT in diameter at maturity, to provide an aesthetically pleasing area and relief from summer heat.

10. All rows of parking spaces shall be provided with landscape islands at each row terminus, at least 5 FT in width (exclusive of curbs) and extending the full length of the adjacent parking spaces, to protect parked vehicles, ensure visibility, confine moving traffic to drive aisles and driveways, and provide adequate space for landscaping.

11. Landscaped areas shall be delineated with a 6-inch wide concrete curb, except where a landscape area is parallel and adjacent to a parking stall, the curb shall be a minimum of 12-inches wide, to provide a step area for persons entering or exiting motor vehicles.

Landscaping required by this Division shall be designed, installed, and maintained in compliance with the following:

A. Landscape Design Standards. Landscaped areas shall comply with each of the following:

1. Landscaped areas shall have a minimum dimension of 5 FT (exclusive of curbs), excepting vine pockets, which shall have a minimum dimension of 1.5 FT, or as otherwise prescribed by this Development Code.

2. All landscaped areas shall be bordered by a concrete or masonry curb, or other means acceptable to the City, to prevent vehicles from entering landscape areas, and to define maintenance responsibilities or property ownership. Curbs along pavement may have openings to allow water infiltration into landscape areas.

3. Landscaped areas shall be comprised of living plant materials, planted at a spacing no greater than the mature plant diameter. Non-living ornamental features (e.g., boulders, dry stream beds, gravel, etc.) may comprise a maximum of 5 percent of a landscaped area and shall be of a permeable material.

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4. All areas of a parkway that are not devoted to sidewalks shall be landscaped, irrigated, and permanently maintained pursuant to City standards.

5. All utilities shall be shown on plans to facilitate the landscape design and tree placement. Utilities such as backflow devices and transformers shall be located a minimum of 5 FT away from paving or other utilities to allow for landscape screening to cover at least 75 percent of the height of the equipment.

6. Accent landscape is required on all commercial or industrial corners including vehicular entries and major corner intersections. Accent trees shall be minimum 36-inch box size and palms shall be minimum 17-FT brown trunk height.

7. Foundation planting adjacent to buildings (hedgerows or shrub masses in a hierarchy pattern) is required at major building perimeters and residential front yards to break horizontal ground plane from the vertical plane of building.

8. Shade trees with irrigation shall be located in all appropriate areas where space permits to reduce the impacts of heat gain by shading large areas of paving, building walls, roof and windows also enhancing stormwater management and improving water quality. 9. Shade trees shall have a minimum canopy of 30 FT in diameter at maturity to provide an aesthetically pleasing area and relief from summer heat.

10. Trash enclosures shall be designed with adjacent planters for trees shrubs and vines for screening.

11. Accent landscape at monument signs shall be a hierarchy of ornamental shrubs or perennials.

B. Planting Requirements.

1. A variety of plant material appropriate for the project may be selected for planting, provided the ETWU for the landscape area does not exceed the MAWA (see Paragraph B.3.c (Calculation of the Budget Comparison) of this Division). The landscape plan shall be designed for the intended function of the project and for the efficient use of water, and shall include the following: a. Protection and promotion of appropriate native species;

b. Selection of water conserving plant species; and

c. Selection of trees for shading buildings and paved surfaces and for stormwater management.

2. Plants shall be selected and appropriately planted based upon their adaptability to the climatic, geologic, and topographical conditions of the project site.

a. The Sunset Western Climate Zone System should be utilized, which takes into account temperature, humidity, elevation, terrain, latitude, and varying degrees of continental and marine influence on local climate;

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b. Recognize the growth habit of plant types, such as mature plant size and invasiveness of surface roots, to minimize damage to property and infrastructure (e.g., buildings, sidewalks, power lines);

c. Disease and pest resistant plants should be used, to promote health and

longevity;

d. Consider the solar orientation for tree placement to maximize summer shade and winter solar gain;

e. Plants with similar water needs and climatic requirements shall be grouped together and irrigated separately;

f. Graded but undeveloped areas within the project site shall be seeded with wildflower or ornamental grass mix and automatically irrigated to prevent soil erosion from rain and strong winds;

g. Avoid use of invasive species that have a negative effect upon public health or disrupt or destroy native ecosystems as identified by the California Invasive Species List; and h. Additional planting requirements of a Specific Plan may be required based upon the project location.

3. Limit the use or quantity used of turf except where used for play or recreation.

C. Irrigation Requirements

1. The irrigation system and its related components shall be designed to be efficient and effective for the landscape proposed with no run-off or overspray.

2. Irrigation plans shall include a water budget with Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA) and Estimated Total Water Use (ETWU) calculations shown pursuant to Paragraph 6.05.015.B.3 (Water Budget Worksheet) of this Division. The ETWU shall not exceed the MAWA. 3. Automatic irrigation controllers utilizing either evapotranspiration or moisture sensor data are required. A verification letter from the manufacturer certifying proper installation and sensor connection shall be provided prior to acceptance of the project. 4. Irrigation systems shall be designed with like plant material grouped together and proper solar orientation. Turf shall be on separate valves from shrub areas. Landscape areas in the shade (north or east sides of buildings) shall be controlled separately from areas in the sun (south or west).

5. Provide on plans all equipment required, sizes, notes and details, include water meter (note potable or recycled), static pressure, and maximum GPM. Contact the City's Utilities Department for City main pressure. Pressure regulating or boosting devices shall be installed to meet the pressure requirements of the system.

6. Backflow devices are required. Non–residential backflow devices shall be painted green and protected in a locking enclosure.

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7. Spacing design for irrigation heads shall achieve 100 percent coverage, (head to head). Allow for wind velocities. Spacing shall achieve the highest possible distribution uniformity using the manufacturer's recommendations.

8. Narrow or irregularly shaped areas including turf, less than 8 FT in any direction shall be irrigated with subsurface irrigation or a low volume irrigation system. Low precipitation heads, rotators or drip systems shall be used in general to reduce water use and overspray.

9. Add check valves or anti-drain valves to prevent low head drainage.

10. Locate spray heads 2 FT from non-pervious paving to prevent overspray. Exception allowed if adjacent surface is permeable or if using alternative technology irrigation. Low precipitation rate heads less than 0.75 inches per hour may be located one FT from paving. 11. Trees in turf, 36-inch box and larger size trees in any area, and all palm trees, shall have pop-up stream bubbler heads. Trees in tree wells or permeable paving may use bubblers in a maximum 1.5 FT deep perforated root watering tube. Tree irrigation shall be on a separate valve, minimum 2 heads per tree. 12. Size all irrigation main lines and laterals on the plan, minimum 3/4 inch.

13. Under landscape, mainlines shall be buried with 1.5 FT minimum cover, laterals one FT minimum cover.

14. Under paving mainlines shall be buried with 2 FT minimum cover; lateral lines 1.5 FT minimum cover.

15. Pipe under roadways shall be installed 3 FT deep, sleeved and identified with marking tape installed one FT from the surface, identifying the type of line with APWA standard "Caution Waterline Buried Below" in blue, or "Caution Recycled Waterline Buried Below" in purple. Sleeves shall be Schedule 40 PVC, minimum 2 times the diameter of the pipe being sleeved. 16. Automatic Controllers shall contain a neatly drawn laminated irrigation layout chart, color coded to identify stations and valves as-built. Central controller shall include a manufacturer support page. Locate pedestals within planter areas with a 1.5 FT pad of DG or mulch at front for access. 17. An irrigation schedule shall be on the plan and layout chart noting irrigation cycles and run times per station or plant type (turf, shrub, trees, sun areas, shade areas, etc.) monthly or seasonally. Add multiple start times to prevent run off. Watering shall occur between 6:00PM and 6:00AM, excepting drip irrigation.

D. Soil Testing. Agronomical soil testing shall be performed to encourage healthy plant growth and reduce run off. One test shall be performed for each street frontage, or as otherwise required by the Approving Authority. Soil analysis shall include soil texture, infiltration rate, pH, total soluble salts, sodium, percent organic matter, and recommendations for amendments based upon the proposed plant material and tree types. Soil test results and recommendations for amendments shall be listed on the Landscape Planting Plan required pursuant to Paragraph 6.05.015.B.5 (Landscape Planting Plan) of this Division, noting the name, address, telephone number of the City-approved soils testing laboratory, and the test date.

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E. Trees. Within required landscape areas, as prescribed by Section 6.05.040 Required Landscape Areas) of this Division, trees shall be provided as follows:

1. For cluster single-family or multiple-family residential development projects, and nonresidential development projects, a mix of tree sizes shall be provided on-site, for each development project, as prescribed in Table 6.05-1 (Minimum Tree Size Mix), below. Palm trees shall not be counted toward the minimum mix of required trees.

Table 6.05-1: Minimum Tree Size Mix

2. For cluster single-family or multiple-family residential development projects, and nonresidential development projects, a mix of tree species shall be provided for each development project, as prescribed by Table 6.05-2 (Minimum Tree Species Mix), below. A minimum of 20 percent of the total number of trees provided shall be a California native species appropriate for the project site. Palm trees shall not be counted toward the minimum number of tree species required.

Table 6.05-2: Minimum Tree Species Mix

3. All trees required by this Division shall conform to the minimum measurements prescribed by Table 6.05-3 (Minimum Tree Size Specifications), below.

Table 6.05-3: Minimum Tree Size Specifications

4. Existing trees shall be protected in place, whenever possible, pursuant to Section 6.05.020 (Tree Preservation Policy and Protection Measures) of this Division. Existing large canopy trees may be counted toward the 48-inch box tree requirement prescribed by Paragraph E.1. of this Section, provided the tree(s) to be preserved is/are in good health and condition (taking into account species and longevity), as determined by a certified arborist's report.

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5. Tree planting shall maintain the following minimum setbacks and/or separations from permanent improvements as prescribed by Table 6.05-4 (Minimum Tree Setbacks/Separations), below.

Table 6.05-4: Minimum Tree Setbacks/Separations

6. Trees shall not be placed where they interfere with site drainage or require frequent pruning in order to avoid interference with overhead utilities.

7. Shade trees shall have a mature canopy diameter of 30 FT, single dominant leader or a balanced arrangement of branches, and a healthy root system not girdled by the growing container.

8. Street trees shall be minimum 24-inch box or larger and shall be planted at an average spacing of 25 FT to 30 FT on center, except where necessary to meet the minimum tree setback/separations required by Table 6.05-4 (Minimum Tree Setbacks/Separations) of this Section.

9. Trees shall be planted with a visible trunk flare and rootball that is 2 inches higher than the adjacent grade. No soil shall be placed on top of the rootball, and mulch shall be maintained 6 inches clear of the trunk. Trees with kinked or girdling roots shall be rejected before installation or replaced if planted.

10. Root barriers shall not be required for use in parkways or City maintained areas; however, if used, they shall be a maximum of one FT in depth and shall not encircle the tree rootball. Furthermore, if the tree trunk is within 5 FT of paved areas, root barriers, if used, shall run adjacent and parallel to the pavement.

11. Palm trees may be used as accents, with a minimum brown trunk height of 17 FT, and shall not count toward the minimum tree species mix required pursuant to Table 6.05-2 (Minimum Tree Species Mix) of this Division. 12. Trees shall be staked or guyed to prevent wind damage and allow healthy growth. Ties shall be flexible, allowing some trunk movement while providing protection from damage.

13. Parking lot lighting and site utilities shall be designed to avoid conflict with required shade tree locations.

14. Solar collectors shall be designed and located to avoid conflict with tree canopy and future shading from the mature size of trees, as defined by the PRC Section 25980 through Section 25986 (The Solar Shade Act).

F.

Tree Staking and Tying. Trees shall be staked and tied as follows:

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1. Fifteen gallon and 24-inch box trees shall be double-staked perpendicular to the prevailing wind, or parallel to the street, as appropriate. Stakes shall be located to prevent branch damage and shall extend a minimum of 7 to 8 FT above grade and 3 to 4 FT below grade. Stakes shall be tied into the tree canopy for wind protection. Galvanized stakes are recommended for wind prone areas.

2. Box trees that are 36-inches or larger, shall be rootball guyed or anchored.

3. Flexible tree ties shall be used. Wire and hose, or metal rod-type braces shall not be used. Nursery stakes shall be removed at time of installation or loosened if they are to remain during the maintenance period and shall be removed by the end of maintenance period.

G. Shrubs. Within required landscape areas, as prescribed by Section 6.05.040 Required Landscape Areas) of this Division, shrubs shall be a minimum 5-gallon container size and shall be spaced at a rate equal to three-fourths of the shrub's mature size. One-gallon containers may be used for perennials and groundcovers.

H. Groundcovers. Within required landscape areas, as prescribed by Section 6.05.040 Required Landscape Areas) of this Division, one-gallon containers shall be used for groundcover areas. Perennials or annual color shall be spaced at a maximum of 8 inches on center.

1. Turf. Turf grass is typically a high water use plant and is best reserved for recreation and active play areas. Low water groundcovers or native or warm season turf grasses may be used in traditional turf areas, such as parkways or front yards. Concrete mow strips shall be used to separate turf from landscape areas, excepting single-family residential development projects, which may utilize wood or fabricated benderboard materials.

2. Mulch. Mulch shall be applied and maintained in all non-turf areas and shall be at least 3 inches in depth in shrub areas and at least one-inch in depth in groundcover areas. Mulch shall be of an organic material, such as shredded or chipped bark, as it will supply nutrients to the soil and plants over time. Native plants shall have mulch applied that is appropriate for the type of landscape. Synthetic mulch materials shall not be used.

ned in all non-turf areas and shall be at least 3 inches in depth in shrub areas and at least one-inch in depth in groundcover areas. Mulch shall be of an organic material, such as shredded or chipped bark, as it will supply nutrients to the soil and plants over time. Native plants shall have mulch applied that is appropriate for the type of landscape. Synthetic mulch materials shall not be used.

I. Screening and Buffering.

1. Landscaping may be used to aid in the screening and buffering of mechanical equipment, trash collection areas, and loading docks and outside storage areas from public view, and the screening and buffering of differing land uses. Walls and/or fences used for screening and buffering purposes should incorporate landscaping over at least 60 percent of its surface area, which will serve to both buffer uses and "soften" the appearance of masonry walls.

2. Utility boxes and vaults shall be located away from entry driveways, corner accent landscapes and other highly visible areas, and shall be screened with a variety of landscape materials.

J. Defining of On-Site Circulation. Landscaping shall be used to define circulation patterns for safety and ease of use.

1. Landscaping shall be used to direct on-site vehicular and pedestrian circulation routes by providing clear direction, barrier planting (such as hedges), and accent planting, to define site entrances and pedestrian pathways.

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2. Landscaping shall be designed to facilitate pedestrian circulation and access to buildings and shall be designed to buffer pedestrians from vehicular traffic, as well as to emphasize walkways.

3. Landscaping shall be designed to further pedestrian safety. Where provided, walkways shall have adequate width and be separated from parking lots, loading areas, and buildings (excepting building entries), with a landscape buffer. Furthermore, trees shall be planted along walkways to create shade and comfortable environments.

K. Grading Design and Stormwater Management.

1. Grading shall be designed to minimize soil erosion, water run-off or water waste, and increase on-site retention and infiltration. Grading shall ensure all irrigation and normal rainfall remains on-site and does not drain onto impermeable surfaces. Landscape areas shall be graded to be 1.5 inches below the grade of the adjacent finished surface.

2. Landscape plans shall include stormwater collection methods or devices that direct water into depressed landscape areas, such as vegetated swales, detention basins or infiltration areas. These areas shall incorporate proper plant materials and irrigation for success in saturated soils, drought conditions and to withstand possible erosion from the hydraulic impacts of stormwater collection. Manufactured drywells, pervious pavement, or storage chambers may also be used for stormwater infiltration.

ed landscape areas, such as vegetated swales, detention basins or infiltration areas. These areas shall incorporate proper plant materials and irrigation for success in saturated soils, drought conditions and to withstand possible erosion from the hydraulic impacts of stormwater collection. Manufactured drywells, pervious pavement, or storage chambers may also be used for stormwater infiltration.

3. Stormwater collection in landscape areas shall be designed with a natural appearance, utilizing curvilinear forms, native plants, varying sizes of boulders or river rock, and maximum 3:1 slope.

4. On-site landscape areas for stormwater management may utilize vegetated swales but shall not exceed 40 percent of the landscaped area width.

5. Landscaped slopes 3:1 or greater shall incorporate rolled erosion control products and landscape appropriate for slopes. Slopes shall be irrigated by a system with a low precipitation rate of 0.75 inches per hour or less. Turf is not allowed on slopes greater than 4:1, or where the toe of the slope is adjacent to an impermeable hardscape.

6. Compaction during site grading shall not occur within landscape areas. Compacted soils shall be repaired by deep tilling, or as directed by the soil analysis prescribed by Subsection D (Soil Testing) of this Section.

7. Vegetated swales, basins and sloped grades for stormwater management shall incorporate a level area adjacent to paved edges, at least 3 FT to 5 FT in width, to allow utilities, such as backflow devices, to be located on level ground, and to serve as a buffer from sloped edges for pedestrian safety purposes.

L. Decorative Water Features. Decorative water features shall be properly maintained to operate and function to meet the intent of the design. Furthermore, decorative water features shall incorporate recirculating water systems, and shall use recycled water, where available, excluding swimming pools and spas.

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A. Landscape Maintenance Required. Where a Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plan is required pursuant to Subsection 6.05.015.B (Landscape and Irrigation Documentation Plans) of this Division, all installed landscaping shall be permanently maintained as prescribed by this Section.

1. Once installed, no landscaping shall be removed unless replaced with landscaping of a similar design, character, and coverage, at maturity.

2. Trees shall be monitored, staking inspected, and branches pruned, if necessary, pursuant to Section 6.05.020 (Tree Preservation Policy and Protection Measures) of this Division, to direct new growth, and to avoid conflict with vehicles, pedestrians, lighting, or buildings. Stakes and ties shall be removed upon establishment, typically 2 years after planting.

3. Once installed, no landscaping shall be allowed to die-off. The replacement of dead or dying landscape materials shall occur in a timely manner, or immediately upon notification by the City, as prescribed by Division 6.10 (Property Appearance and Maintenance) of this Development Code.

4. Irrigation systems shall be maintained to prevent water waste. Broken or inefficient irrigation shall be repaired, replaced, or modified to prevent runoff from leaving the target landscape due to low head drainage, overspray, or other similar condition where water flows onto adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, walkways, roadways, parking lots or structures, unless the nonpermeable surfaces are designed and constructed to drain entirely to landscaping.

B. Landscape Maintenance Defined. On-going landscape maintenance shall consist of the following:

1. Regular watering;

2. Monitoring and treating for pests, disease, or injury;

3. Regular mowing, pruning, and the removal and replacement of dead or dying

plants;

4. Regular fertilizing;

5. Clearing of debris and providing weed control;

6. Repair and/or timely replacement of irrigation systems, and components thereof;

7. Repair and/or timely replacement of integrated architectural features; and

8. Any other similar act(s) that promotes growth, health, beauty, and the life of plants, shrubs, trees, and/or groundcover/turf.

A. The City Council shall establish by resolution, Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G), which are intended as a reference to assist design

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professionals, landscape contractors and homeowners in their understanding of the City's goals and objectives for the preparation of landscape construction documentation plans, and the installation of landscape materials and elements.

B. The Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G) shall compliment the mandatory landscaping regulations contained in this Division, by providing examples of potential design solutions, and by providing interpretations of the various mandatory landscaping regulations contained in this Division.

C. The Landscape Design and Construction Guidelines (Development Code Reference G) authorized by this Section, shall be enforceable in the same manner, and to the same extent, as any other applicable requirement of this Development Code.

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