Division 4C.4 — AUTOMOBILE PARKING

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

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An automobile parking stall is defined as a space within a building, or a private or public parking area, exclusive of driveways, ramps, columns, office, and work areas, for the parking of one automobile.

Automobile parking stalls do not include bicycle parking.

A. Intent

The intent of the standards of this Section (Automobile Parking Stalls) is to accommodate the arrival to a lot by automobile at a level appropriate to the demand generated by a particular use within different mobility contexts without creating detrimental effects on surrounding properties or public right-of way.

B. Applicability

Automobile parking stall standards apply to new construction, a major remodel, a site modifcationi, or

a use modifcationi to buildings, structures, a lot, or uses on a lot, and as determined by the automobile

parking package assigned by the applicable Development Standards District (Part 4B.) .

C. Standards

1. General

a. Projects shall provide the minimum number of automobile parking stalls specified in the

Required Automobile Parking Table, Table 1 below, based on the project's use(s) and the

parking package assigned by the applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.) .

b. When a lot is used for a combination of uses, the parking requirements are the sum of the

requirements for each use, and no parking stall for one use may be included in the calculation

of parking requirements for any other use, with the following exceptions:

i. As allowed in Sec. 4C.4.3.C.2. (Shared Parking) .

ii. When parking requirements for a single use on a lot with a combination of uses results in

a fraction, then the total parking required for all uses on a lot shall be calculated based on

the sum prior to the rounding of parking requirements for each use followed by rounding

the total amount of parking required for a lot based on the combination of uses.

c. In addition to the above, projects shall comply with the electric vehicle charging space

requirements in Chapter IX. (Building Regulations), Article 9. (Green Building Code) of this

Code.

2. Required Automobile Parking Table

a. When the Required Automobile Parking Table below lists multiple parking stall requirement

options, the option that results in the greater number of required parking stalls applies.

b. For the purposes of using the Required Automobile Parking Table, uses are defined in Part 5D.

(Use Definitions).

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

-TABLE 1- REQUIRED AUTOMOBILE PARKING

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

"--" = no parking required, "du" = dwelling unit, "SF" = square feet, "ac" = acre.

Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

-TABLE 1- REQUIRED AUTOMOBILE PARKING

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

"--" = no parking required, "du" = dwelling unit, "SF" = square feet, "ac" = acre.

Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

-TABLE 1- REQUIRED AUTOMOBILE PARKING

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

"--" = no parking required, "du" = dwelling unit, "SF" = square feet, "ac" = acre.

Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

D. Measurement

1. Parking Stalls Per 1,000 Square Feet

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When determining parking stall requirements specified as a ratio having a denominator of

"1,000 SF" the method for determining the total number of required parking stalls shall be

executed as follows:

a. Divide the total foor areal of the subject use by 1,000. For determining foor areal of the

specified use, see Paragraph 3. (Square Feet) of this Subsection (Measurement) .

b. Multiply the result by the numerator in the specified parking ratio. If the result is a

fraction, round in accordance with Paragraph 5. (Fractional Spaces) of this Subsection

(Measurement) .

c. The result shall be the total number of required automobile parking stalls.

2. Parking Stalls Per Acre

When determining automobile parking stall requirements specified as a ratio having a

denominator of "acre" the method for determining the total number of required automobile

parking stalls shall be executed as follows:

a. Divide the total foor areal of the subject use by 43,560. For determining foor areal of the

specified use, see Paragraph 3. (Square Feet) below.

b. Multiply the result by the numerator in the specified parking ratio. If the result is a fraction,

round in accordance with Paragraph 5. (Fractional Spaces) below.

c. The result shall be the total number of required automobile parking stalls.

3. Square Feet

For the purpose of calculating required automobile parking stalls in this Section (Automobile

Parking Stalls), square feet refers to the total on-site foor areal dedicated to a subject use,

measured in square feet. The total foor areal includes the foor areal of accessory buildings. For

the calculation of foor areal, see Sec. 14.2.7. (Floor Area) .

4. Habitable Rooms

For the purpose of applying the automobile parking stall requirements of this Section

(Automobile Parking Stalls), any kitchen shall not be considered a habitable room.

5. Fractional Space

When the application of these regulations results in the requirement of a fractional automobile

parking stall, any fraction up to and including 1/2 may be disregarded, and any fraction over

1/2 is construed as requiring one automobile parking space. Rounding shall occur after taking

the sum of automobile parking required across all proposed uses.

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

E. Exceptions

1. Accessible Parking

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

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The number of required automobile parking stalls may be reduced by the number of stalls

deemed necessary in order to provide accessible parking stalls as required by state, federal and

local laws.

2. Amenity Space

Floor area provided as lot amenity space or residential amenity space shall be exempt from

parking requirements.

3. Use Modification

No additional parking stalls shall be required for use modifcationi project activities that only

modify the following uses:

a. Indoor recreation: public,

b. Indoor recreation: commercial, or

c. All general commercial uses.

4. Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

a. Each electric vehicle charging station provided above the minimum required by Chapter IX.

(Building Regulations), Article 9. (Green Building Code) of this Code may be substituted for

two required automobile parking stalls for the purpose of complying with any applicable

minimum automobile parking stall requirements of this Section (Automobile Parking Stalls) .

i. Measurement. Where a multiport electric vehicle charger can simultaneously charge

more than one vehicle, the number of electric vehicle charging stations shall be

considered equivalent to the number of electric vehicles that can be simultaneously

charged.

b. An accessible parking stall with a drive aisle served by electric vehicle supply equipment

or an accessible parking stall with an aisle designated as a future electric vehicle charging

space shall count as two required automobile parking stalls for the purpose of complying

with any applicable minimum parking stall requirements of this Section (Automobile

Parking Stalls) .

5. Fire Pump Rooms

The number of required automobile parking stalls may be reduced by the number of stalls deemed necessary in order to install a water storage tank to enlarge an existing fire pump room, or to install a new fire pump room.

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

6. Historic Buildings and Buildings That Are At Least 25 Years Old

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No additional parking is required for uses occupying a building that meets one of the following

criteria:

a. The building is a designated historic resource.

b. The building is a surveyed historic resource.

c. The building was constructed conforming to building and zoning codes in effect at the

time it was built and is at least 25 years old. A Certificate of Occupancy, building permit,

or other suitable documentation may be submitted as evidence to verify the date of

construction.

7. Office Mixed-Use

a. Any indoor recreation uses, eating & drinking use, personal services use or retail use

sharing a lot with an ofcefi use may provide parking at the same rate required for ofcefi

uses subject to the following requirements:

i. The lot includes a total foor areal of 50,000 square feet or greater.

ii. The ofcefi uses shall occupy a minimum of 75 percent of the foor areal on the lot.

iii. The cumulative foor areal dedicated to any combination of indoor recreation uses,

eating & drinking uses, personal services uses or retail uses that may provide parking at the same rate required for ofcefi uses shall not exceed five percent of the total foor l

area dedicated for ofcefi uses.

iv. Any foor areal dedicated to any combination of indoor recreation uses, eating &

drinking uses, personal services uses or retail uses that exceeds five percent of the total foor areal dedicated for ofcefi uses shall provide parking at the rate specified for the

subject use in the applicable parking package assigned by the applied Development

Standards District (Part 4B.) .

b. Any ofcefi uses sharing a lot with a wholesale trade & warehousing use may provide

parking at the same rate required for wholesale trade & warehousing uses when the

following criteria are met:

i. The cumulative foor areal dedicated to ofcefi uses that may provide parking at the

same rate required for wholesale trade & warehousing uses shall not exceed 10

percent of the total foor areal dedicated for wholesale trade & warehousing uses.

ii. Any foor areal dedicated to ofcefi uses that exceeds 10 percent of the total foor areal

dedicated for wholesale trade & warehousing uses shall provide parking at the rate specified for ofcefi use in the applicable parking package assigned by the applied

Development Standards District (Part 4B.) .

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

8. Public Benefit Projects

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Projects participating in an Affordable Housing Incentive Program, Community Benefits Program, or a General Incentive Program included in Article 9. (Public Benefit Systems), may

qualify for reduced required automobile parking as deemed eligible.

9. Small Business Tenant Space

Non-residential tenant spaces designated for commercial uses having a foor areal of 1,500

square feet or less shall be exempt from requirements to provide automobile parking stalls.

This exemption is limited to two tenant spaces per lot.

10. Substituting Required Automobile Parking with Bicycle Parking

a. Required automobile parking stalls may be substituted with bicycle parking at a ratio of

one automobile parking stall for every four bicycle parking spaces provided the bicycle

parking spaces meet the applicable requirements of Sec. 4C.3.1. (Bicycle Parking Spaces) .

b. Non-residential uses may substitute up to 20 percent of the required automobile

parking with bicycle parking. When a non-residential use is located within 1,500 feet of a

passenger transit facility, up to 30 percent of the required automobile parking stalls may be

substituted with bicycle parking.

c. Residential uses may substitute up to 10 percent of the required automobile parking with

bicycle parking. When a residential use is located within 1,500 feet of a major transit stop,

up to 15 percent of the required automobile parking stalls may be substituted with bicycle

parking.

d. Projects participating in an Affordable Housing Incentive Program, Community Benefits

Program, or a General Incentive Program included in Article 9. (Public Benefit Systems),

may substitute up to 30 percent of the required automobile parking with bicycle parking,

as deemed eligible.

11. Conversion of Existing One-Unit Dwellings

Only one automobile parking stall is required for each dwelling unit that results from the

conversion of an existing building on a lot that contains only one dwelling unit, provided that

the conversion meets the following requirements:

a. The lot is not in a 1L Density District (Part 6B.) ;

b. The conversion is limited to the structural alteration of the existing building or the addition

of not more than 250 square feet of foor areal thereto;

c. The conversion results in a total of two or more dwelling units; and

d. All newly created dwelling units are rental units.

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

12. Outdoor Dining Area Parking Exception

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

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a. Outdoor dining areas may replace otherwise required automobile parking stalls, provided

that at least one automobile parking stall is provided for the associated eating & drinking

use, subject to the following exceptions where no automobile parking is required:

i. On a lot where no parking is required for the associated eating & drinking use.

ii. Where the associated eating & drinking use has a total foor areal of 3,000 square feet

or less.

iii. Where the outdoor dining area has a total area of 1,000 square feet or less.

b. Establishments that have been the subject of a wage claim under Chapter XVIII. (Employee

Wages and Protections), Article 8. (Los Angeles Office of Wage Standards Ordinance) of

this Code, on or after January 1, 2024, are not eligible for the outdoor dining area parking

exception.

F. Relief

1. Alternative Compliance to automobile parking requirements may be granted in accordance

with Sec. 4C.4.3. (Alternative Parking Strategies) .

2. A reduction in required automobile parking requirements of 20 percent or less may be granted

in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.2. (Adjustments) .

3. A deviation in required automobile parking requirements may be granted as a variance in

accordance with Sec. 13B.5.3. (Variance) .

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Sec. 4C.4.1. (Automobile Parking Stalls) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

A. Intent

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The intent of the standards of this Section (Alternative Parking Strategies) is to provide

opportunities for projects to reduce the number of required automobile parking stalls through

alternative methods of accommodating arrival to a lot and reduce demand for automobile parking.

B. Applicability

Alternative parking strategy standards apply to new construction, a major remodel, a site

modifcationi, or a use modifcationi .

C. Standards

1. General

a. A reduction in required automobile parking stalls through the provision of one or more

alternative parking strategy may be authorized in accordance with Sec. 13B.2.5. (Director

Determination) . Applicants that wish to provide an alternative parking strategy as a means

of reducing the total number of required parking stalls shall submit a report which provides

the following:

i. Detailed description of all uses involved in the alternative parking strategy, including

location, foor areal, seating capacity if applicable, and hours of operations.

ii. Anticipated parking demand generated by employees, tenants, residents, and visitors

on an hourly basis, 24 hours per day, for seven consecutive days.

iii. Description of how an alternative parking strategy will alleviate the demand for a

specified number of the total required parking stalls.

iv. Supplemental maps and plot plans deemed necessary for depicting all relevant

components of an alternative parking strategy.

v. Supplemental market study detailing the complementary relationship between a mix of

uses as deemed necessary for understanding the parking strategy.

b. Additional documents, covenants, deed restrictions, or other agreements shall be executed

and recorded as deemed necessary, in order to assure the continued maintenance,

operation and viability of an approved alternative parking strategy, under the conditions set

forth in the Director’s Determination. Revisions to the parking strategy shall be submitted

to the Director in a report documenting the revised manner in which the new parking

strategy achieves the same intention and level of service as the originally approved parking

strategy.

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Sec. 4C.4.2. (Alternative Parking Strategies) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

2. Mixed Use

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When a lot combines dwelling uses or ofcefi uses with on-site general commercial uses that

may serve the lot’s residents or employees, the total number of required automobile parking

stalls may be reduced when an applicant demonstrates that the lot’s commercial uses will

cater to the lot’s residents or employees. The total number of required automobile parking

stalls may be reduced provided the mixed-use site meets all of the following criteria:

a. Contains 50 or more dwelling units or 50,000 square feet or more dedicated to ofcefi use.

b. General commercial uses are limited to indoor recreation, eating & drinking uses, personal

services or retail use.

c. The general commercial uses shall be limited to 25 percent of total foor areal .

d. The mix of uses sufficiently alleviates the demand for the specified number of required

automobile parking stalls.

3. Shared Parking

In order to take advantage of different peak periods of parking demand among nearby uses

the total number of required automobile parking stalls may be reduced when an applicant

demonstrates that automobile parking stalls can be shared among multiple uses. A parking

facility may be shared among multiple uses within the same building or site, as well as uses

located on separate sites. The alternative parking strategy shall meet all of the following

criteria:

a. A shared parking facility shall be located within a 750-foot walking distance of each

participating use.

b. Participating uses shall have mutually exclusive periods of peak parking demand.

c. The shared parking strategy sufficiently alleviates the demand for the specified number of

required automobile parking stalls.

4. Proximity to Public Transportation

Uses within walking distance of a public transit facility may take advantage of increased transit

ridership among employees, tenants and visitors and a decreased demand for automobile

parking. The total number of required automobile parking stalls may be reduced provided the

parking strategy meets all of the following criteria:

a. A use shall be located within a 1,500-foot walking distance of public transit. For this

purpose, public transit means a location, including, but not limited to, a bus stop or

train station, where the public may access buses, trains, subways, and other forms of transportation that charge set fares, run on fixed routes, and are available to the public.

A public transit stop or station that is in development may also apply if the anticipated

operating date is within three years.

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Sec. 4C.4.2. (Alternative Parking Strategies) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

b. The nearby public transit facility sufficiently alleviates the demand for the specified number

of required parking stalls.

5. Shuttle Service

Uses generating travel patterns whereby a majority of employees or visitors arrive and depart

within the same time periods may operate a viable shuttle service that decreases the demand

for automobile parking and may decrease the total number of required automobile parking

stalls, based on the decreased demand, provided the following criteria are met:

a. A shuttle shall provide scheduled service between the use and a location that can

accommodate the arrival of shuttle users, such as a park and ride facility or public

passenger transit facility or stop.

b. A majority of shuttle users arrive and depart roughly within the same three hour period.

c. The planned shuttle service sufficiently alleviates the demand for the specified number of

required parking stalls.

6. Designated Passenger Loading Areas

Uses that can accommodate a high share of arrivals and departures through dynamic ridesharing or taxi services when providing a safe and efficient passenger loading area may

have a decreased demand for automobile parking and may decrease the total number of

required automobile parking stalls, based on the decreased demand, provided the following

criteria are met:

a. A designated passenger loading area shall be located within a 300-foot walking distance

of a street-facing entrance to the use it serves. Travel between a designated passenger

loading area and the use being served shall not require pedestrians to cross streets.

b. The passenger loading area shall not be placed within 75 feet of an intersection.

c. The passenger loading area shall provide sufficient space for a vehicle to pull out of

roadway traffic and safely load and unload passengers without interfering with traffic flow.

d. The passenger loading area shall not decrease sidewalk space for pedestrians or impede

pedestrian movement.

e. Passenger loading areas shall be clearly indicated with signage.

f. The designated passenger loading area sufficiently alleviates the demand for the specified

number of required parking stalls.

D. Measurement

1. For measurement of walking distance see Sec. 14.2.3.A.2. (Walking Distance) .

2. Peak period demand is determined based on the following:

Sec. 4C.4.2. (Alternative Parking Strategies) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

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a. For projects that have obtained a Certificate of Occupancy, this analysis shall be

conducted on an hourly basis, 24 hours per day, for seven consecutive days to identify the

maximum average number of automobiles on the lot per hour.

b. For projects that have not yet obtained a Certificate of Occupancy, this analysis shall be

conducted on an hourly basis, 24 hours per day, for seven consecutive days to identify the

maximum average number of automobiles per hour on a lot serving a similar use in the

vicinity.

E. Relief

A deviation from any alternative parking strategy dimensional standard of 10 percent or less may

be granted in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.2. (Adjustment) .

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Sec. 4C.4.2. (Alternative Parking Strategies) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

A. Intent

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The intent of the standards of this Section (Parking Area Design) is to ensure parking areas provide sufficient accommodation for automobile parking.

B. Applicability

Parking area design standards apply to new construction, a major remodel, a site modifcationi, or a use modifcationi, affecting any parking area containing automobile parking stalls.

C. Standards

1. Automobile Circulation

All portions of a parking area, including public parking structures, shall be accessible by

automobile to all other portions of a parking area without requiring the use of any public street, unless LADOT determines that access will not be detrimental to the flow of traffic.

Alleys may be used for circulation between parking areas.

2. Location of Parking Stalls

a. All required automobile parking stalls shall be located in an off-street parking area.

b. The required automobile parking stalls shall be provided either on the same lot as the use

they are intended to serve or on another lot not more than a 750-foot walking distance

of a street-facing entrance to the use intended to be served by the required parking. An

alternative parking strategy may be approved to exceed this distance.

c. Automobile parking is not permitted within the primary street parking setbacks, side street

parking setbacks and any special lot line parking setbacks established by the applied

Frontage District (Part 3B.) in accordance with Sec. 3C.2.1. (Parking Setback) .

d. Automobile parking is not permitted within any portion of a lot designated to be used as

lot amenity space or residential amenity space in accordance with Div. 2C.3. (Amenity) .

3. Automobile Maneuvering

a. Each automobile parking stall shall be so located that no automobile is required to reverse

onto any public street or sidewalk to leave the parking stall, parking bay or driveway,

except where the automobile parking facility serves four parking stalls or less and where

the driveway access is to a street other than a boulevard or avenue. An alley may be used

for maneuvering in reverse.

b. Each automobile parking stall shall be so located that parking maneuvers can be

accomplished without driving into a parking setback.

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Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

4. Parking Stall Striping

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

Each parking stall shall be clearly marked with striping for the entire required parking stall depth with the exception of parking areas on lots that contain less than five parking stalls,

which are not required to mark parking stalls with striping.

5. Paving

All parking areas shall be paved with a material treatment meeting either the basic or

alternative paving material standards below.

a. Basic Paving Material

Automobile parking areas shall be paved with either hard, durable asphaltic paving which

has been mixed at a plant and is at least two inches thick after compaction or with

portland cement paving at least three inches thick.

b. Alternate Paving Materials

i. Alternative to the basic paving material in Subparagraph a. (Basic Paving Material)

above, automobile parking areas may be paved with the following alternative paving

materials: porous asphalt, porous concrete, permeable interlocking concrete pavers,

permeable pavers, decomposed granite, crushed rock, gravel, or restrained systems (a plastic or concrete grid system confined on all sides to restrict lateral movement, and filled with gravel or grass in the voids).

ii. Alternate paving materials are subject to the following standards:

a) Paving materials located in a designated fire lane must be approved by the Los

Angeles Fire Department.

b) Permeable interlocking concrete pavers and permeable pavers shall have a

minimum thickness of 80 millimeters (3.14 inches).

c) If plants are an element of the alternate paving material, the irrigation system shall

not utilize potable water except for during plant establishment.

d) Products and underlying drainage material shall be installed per manufacturers'

specifications. Sub-grade soils shall be compacted as required per the product installation specifications.

e) Decomposed granite, crushed rock and gravel shall only be allowed for parking

areas serving one or two dwelling units.

6. Lighting

Parking areas shall be illuminated in accordance with Sec. 4C.10.1. (Outdoor Lighting) .

Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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7. Parking Stall Obstructions

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

A fence, wall, partition, column, post or similar obstruction shall not be located within 10

inches of a parking stall along its longest dimension unless the obstruction is located a

minimum of 14 feet from the drive aisle measured parallel to the parking stall. Parking stalls

provided in 1L or 2L Density Districts (Part 6B.) are exempt from this standard.

8. Parking Lots

For additional parking lot standards, see Sec. 4C.4.4. (Parking Lot Design) .

9. Structured Parking

For additional parking structure standards, see Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) .

10. Parking Stall Dimensions

All automobile parking stalls shall meet the minimum dimension standards in the table below:

PARKING STALL DIMENSIONS

Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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11. Compact Parking

a. The following parking stalls may be compact:

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

i. Any parking stalls in excess of the required number of parking stalls in Sec. 4C.4.1.

(Automobile Parking Stalls),

ii. Parking stalls in excess of one parking stall per dwelling unit may be compact parking

stalls, and

iii. In a parking area containing 10 or more parking stalls, a maximum of 40 percent of the

required parking stalls.

b. All compact parking stalls shall be clearly and visibly striped and labeled for compact car

use only.

12. Tandem Parking

Automobiles may be parked in tandem in a private parking area serving a residential use,

where the tandem parking is not more than two cars in depth. Tandem parking is not allowed

for recreational vehicles or guest parking provided as part of a private parking area serving a

residential use.

Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

13. Parking Bay Dimensions

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

a. The minimum width of each parking bay is determined by the stall width and angle of the

parking stalls provided in accordance with the table below:

PARKING BAY WIDTH

ANGLE WIDTH

30°

45°

60°

90°

EXAMPLE FIGURES

2WAY / DOUBLE LOADED

1WAY / SINGLE LOADED

Stall Depth

OVERLAPPING PARKING BAYS

1WAY TRAFFIC/DOUBLE LOADED

Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

b. Where parking stalls of two bays interlock the parking bays may overlap.

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

c. Any tandem stalls provided shall increase the minimum parking bay width by 15 feet where

tandem stalls are provided on only one side of a drive aisle and by 30 feet where tandem

stalls are provided on two sides of a drive aisle.

d. Parking bay dimensions other than those specified may be approved by the Superintendent

of Building, or their authorized representative, based on vehicle maneuvering requirements

on the lot.

14. Mechanical Automobile Lifts & Robotic Parking Structures

a. The stacking of two or more automobiles using a mechanical car lift or computerized

parking structure is permitted.

b. Mechanical and robotic automobile parking lifts must maintain the following dimensions

between vertical supports or any obstructions:

PARKING LIFT DIMENSIONS

c. The platform of the mechanical lift on which the automobile is first placed shall be

individually accessed and shall be placed so that the location of the platform and access to

the platform meet all applicable requirements of Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking) .

d. The lift equipment or computerized parking structure shall meet any applicable building

code requirements in Chapter IX. (Building Regulations), Article 9. (Green Building Code) of

this Code.

e. All mechanical automobile lifts and robotic parking structures shall be subject to Sec.

4C.4.3.C.2. (Location of Parking Stalls) .

D. Measurement

1. Parking Stall Width

The parking stall width shall be measured as the narrowest horizontal distance between

opposite edges of a parking stall.

2. Parking Stall Depth

The parking stall depth shall be measured as the horizontal distance measured perpendicular

to the parking stall width from one edge of a parking stall to the opposite edge. A minimum

parking stall depth shall be met for all portions of the parking stall width.

Sec. 4C.4.3. (Parking Area Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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3. Parking Bay Width

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

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The parking bay width shall be measured by the horizontal distance between opposite edges

of a parking bay measured perpendicular to the drive aisle.

4. Parking Angle

The parking angle shall be measured from the long edge of a parking stall to the drive aisle.

5. Clear Height

Minimum clear height is measured as the vertical dimension of a parking stall at the lowest point, from finished grade or floor elevation to the ceiling or other fixed obstruction,

whichever is lower, for the full width and depth of the parking stall.

6. Clear Width

Minimum clear width is measured as the horizontal dimension of a parking stall at the narrowest point between walls or other fixed obstructions for the full depth of the parking stall.

E. Exceptions

A parking area providing attendants to park the vehicles at all times when the parking area is open

for use does not have to meet the requirements of Sec. 4C.4.3.C.10. (Parking Stall Dimensions) and

Sec. 4C.4.3.C.13. (Parking Bay Dimensions) .

F. Relief

1. Alternative Compliance from parking area design standards may be granted in accordance

with Sec. 13B.5.1. (Alternative Compliance) .

2. Compact parking stalls provided in lieu of 10 percent of the required standard parking stalls

may be granted in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.2. (Adjustments)

3. A deviation in required parking stall dimensions or parking bay dimensions may be granted as a

variance in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.3. (Variance) .

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A. Intent

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The intent of the standards of this Section (Parking Lot Design) is to ensure parking lots are

designed to create safe, comfortable and attractive environments for users and pedestrians along the adjacent public right-of-way, while also mitigating heat island effects, absorbing noise pollution, managing stormwater runoff, sequestering carbon emissions and supporting urban

biodiversity through landscaping and surface design.

B. Applicability

1. Parking lot design standards apply to new construction, a major remodel, a site modifcationi,

or a use modifcationi, subject to the following:

a. Parking lot design standards apply to all parking areas not contained within a parking

structure.

b. Parking lot landscaping standards apply to all parking areas containing five or more

automobile parking stalls.

C. Standards

1. Surfacing

a. All automobile parking areas shall be graded and drained to collect, retain and infiltrate

surface water on-site by applying Low Impact Development practices and standards .

b. Parking lots shall be surfaced with hard, durable asphaltic paving which has been mixed at

a plant and is at least two inches thick after compaction, with portland cement paving at

least three inches thick or with an alternative paving material described below.

i. Alternative paving materials include the following: porous asphalt, porous concrete,

permeable interlocking concrete pavers, permeable pavers, decomposed granite,

crushed rock, gravel, and restrained systems (a plastic or concrete grid system confined on all sides to restrict lateral movement, and filled with gravel or plants in the

voids.)

ii. Alternative paving materials are permitted for use in every parking lot, subject to the

following standards:

a) Any product installed within areas designated by the Fire Department as a fire lane

must be approved by the Fire Department.

b) Permeable interlocking concrete pavers and permeable pavers shall have a

minimum thickness of 80 millimeters (3.14 inches).

c) If plants are an element of the alternative paving material, the irrigation system

shall not utilize potable water except for plant establishment.

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

d) Products and underlying drainage material shall be installed per manufacturers'

specifications. Sub-grade soils shall be compacted as required per the product installation specifications.

e) Decomposed granite, crushed rock and gravel shall only be allowed for driveways

and parking areas serving a maximum of two dwelling units.

2. Parking Lot Landscaping

a. General

i. Projects shall comply with either Subparagraph b. (Option 1: Prescriptive Standard)

or Subparagraph c. (Option 2: Performance-Based Standard) below to meet the

requirements of this Section (Parking Lot Design) .

ii. The required stall length of parking stalls may overhang the planting areas required by

the parking lot landscaping standards by two feet or less.

iii. All planting areas shall comply with Sec. 4C.6.4. (Plant Design & Installation) in addition

to any planting area requirements of the chosen parking lot landscaping option.

b. Option 1: Prescriptive Standard

i. Trees planted within a planting area located along a single row of parking stalls shall

be provided at a rate of one large species tree or two small species trees for every four

parking stalls.

ii. Trees planted between two rows of parking stalls shall be provided at a rate of one

large species tree or two small species trees for every eight parking stalls.

Sec. 4C.4.4. (Parking Lot Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

iv. When calculating the total number of trees results in a fraction of a tree, any fraction

less than 1/2 may be disregarded and any fraction of 1/2 or more will require one

additional tree.

c. Option 2: Performance-Based Standard

Trees shall be planted so that at least 50 percent of all parking stalls within the parking lot

will be shaded by tree canopy after 10 years of planting.

3. Screening

a. Where a parking lot faces a frontage lot line, common lot line or an alley lot line the entire

length of the parking lot shall be screened as follows:

i. An F-Screen 2 (Sec. 4C.8.1.C.2.b.) or an F-Screen 3 (Sec. 4C.8.1.C.2.c.) is required

between the parking lot and frontage lot lines for any portion of the length of the

parking lot that faces a frontage lot line.

ii. A T-Screen 1 (Sec. 4C.8.2.C.2.a.) is required between the parking lot and common lot

lines shared with lots zoned with a 1L, 2L, 3L or 4L Density District (Part 6B.) for any

portion of the length of the parking lot that faces a common lot line.

iii. A T-Screen 1 (Sec. 4C.8.2.C.2.a.) is required between the parking lot and alley lot lines

for any portion of the length of the parking lot that faces an alley lot line where lots

zoned with a 1L, 2L, 3L or 4L Density District (Part 6B.) abut the opposite side of the

alley right-of-way.

b. The required stall length of parking stalls may overhang the planting area of a required

frontage screen or transition screen by two feet or less.

c. Screens may only be located in a frontage yard where they comply with frontage yard

fence & wall standards in the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

4. Containment Perimeter

Parking lots shall include a containment perimeter that obstructs motor vehicles from leaving

the designated parking lot. The containment perimeter shall be providing using one or more

of the following containment methods around the entire perimeter except for crossings

and access points required for driveways, drive aisles, pedestrian accessways, or pedestrian

passageways:

a. Continuous curbs of no less than four inches in height.

b. Permanent bollards, walls, raised planters, or a similar containment method having a

height no less than 30 inches and having a clear width of no more than 66 inches.

c. A planting area meeting Sec. 4C.6.4.C.2. (Planting Areas) with no horizontal dimension less

than five feet.

Sec. 4C.4.4. (Parking Lot Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

5. Lighting

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

Parking areas shall be illuminated in accordance with Sec. 4C.10.1. (Outdoor Lighting) .

D. Measurement

1. For a lot line measurement determination see Sec. 14.2.12. (Lot Line Determination) .

2. For frontage yard designation measurements see Sec. 14.2.16.C.1. (Frontage yard) .

3. For parking setback measurements see Sec. 3C.2.1. (Parking Setback) .

4. For the length that a parking lot is facing a lot line see Sec. 14.2.6. (Facing) .

5. To measure planting area width see Sec. 4C.6.4.D.1. (Planting Area Width) .

E. Relief

1. A deviation from any parking lot design dimensional standard of 10 percent or less may be

granted in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.2. (Adjustment) .

2. A deviation from any parking lot design standard may be granted as a variance in accordance

with Sec. 13B.5.3. (Variance) .

Sec. 4C.4.4. (Parking Lot Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

A. Intent

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

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The intent of the standards of this Section (Parking Structure Design) is to limit the visual and

environmental impact of motor vehicle use areas on the public realm to the extent appropriate to

the mobility context.

B. Applicability

1. Parking structure design standards apply to new construction, a major remodel, a site

modifcationi, an exterior modifcationi, or a use modifcationi subject to the following:

a. Parking structure design standards apply to parking structures possessing a primary street

lot line, side street lot line, or special lot line designation.

b. Parking structure design standards apply to both standalone and integrated parking

structures as a part of a broader development, and to all levels of parking structures.

C. Standards

1. General

a. Parking structure design treatments are hierarchical according to the following order listed

lowest to highest:

i. Screened Parking

ii. Concealed Parking

iii. Adaptable Parking

iv. Wrapped Parking

b. If a treatment listed lower in the hierarchy in Subparagraph a. above is specified by the

applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.), the applicant may choose to meet the

standards of a treatment with any a higher listed treatment.

c. Ground story motor vehicle use areas located in a parking structure shall also meet any

parking setback standards specified by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

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Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

2. Lighting

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

All luminaires located in parking structures shall meet the following standards:

a. Luminaires shall meet the standards of Sec. 4C.10.1. (Outdoor Lighting) .

b. Beam spread and glare zone from luminaires shall be contained within the parking

structure.

3. Parking Structure Design Treatments

a. Screened Parking

[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

i. Parking structure facades required to be screened shall meet any frontage standards

required by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

ii. All above-grade parking structure facades required to be "screened" shall be screened

with a permanent structure that meets the following standards:

a) Any individual level of parking measured in elevation projection shall have at least

applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.) .

d) Parking structure screen openings accommodating pedestrian accessways

are allowed for a width no greater than eight feet in width for each individual

pedestrian accessway. Where an opening in the parking garage screening

accommodates both pedestrian and automobile access, the maximum allowable

opening width is eight feet greater than the maximum allowed driveway width.

e) Parking structure screen openings shall have a height no greater than one story.

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

iii. In addition to the screening above, an F-Screen 1 or F-Screen 2 pursuant to Frontage

Screen Types (Sec. 4C.8.1.C.2.) is required between ground story parking and all

frontage lot lines.

b. Concealed Parking

i. Parking structure facades required to be concealed shall meet any frontage standards

required by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

ii. All above-grade parking structure facades required to be "concealed" shall be screened

with a permanent structure meeting the following standards:

a) The screening material shall have an opacity of 100 percent.

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

b) Parking structure screening shall not include perforated metal screening products.

c) Parking structure screen openings accommodating automobile access are allowed

for a width no greater than the maximum allowed driveway width allowed by the

applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.) .

d) Parking structure screen openings accommodating pedestrian accessways

are allowed for a width no greater than eight feet in width for each individual

pedestrian accessway. Where an opening in the parking structure screening

accommodates both pedestrian and automobile access, the maximum allowable

opening width is eight feet greater than the maximum allowed driveway width.

e) Parking structure screen openings shall have a height no greater than one story.

iii. In addition to the screening above, an F-Screen 1 or F-Screen 2 pursuant to Frontage

Screen Types (Sec. 4C.8.1.C.2.) is required between ground story parking and all

frontage lot lines.

c. Adaptable Parking

i. Parking structure facades required to be adaptable shall meet any frontage standards

required by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

ii. Where required to be adaptable by the applied Development Standards District (Part

4B.), parking structures shall meet the following standards for a minimum depth of 30

feet from the applicable street-facing facade:

a) Floor plates shall be level except to the minimum extent required for drainage.

b) The structure shall be constructed to accommodate loads associated with office

building corridors above the first floor under Chapter IX. (Building Regulations) of

this Code.

c) Floor to floor heights shall be a minimum of 11 feet.

iii. All parking required to be adaptable shall also meet the standards for concealed

parking pursuant to Subparagraph b. (Concealed Parking) above.

d. Wrapped Parking

Wrapped parking is intended to ensure active uses along the public right-of-way in order

to provide a human-scale and visual interest to buildings along streets and sidewalks,

i. Parking structure facades required to be wrapped shall meet any frontage standards

required by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

ii. Where parking structures are required to be wrapped by the applied Development

Standards District (Part 4B.) ; parking structures shall meet the following standards

for the portion of the building width required to meet the minimum build-to width specified in the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) .

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

a) Parking and other motor vehicle use areas shall be separated from the frontage

lot line by indoor active uses, as defined below, for a minimum depth of 15 feet

measured from the applicable street-facing building face.

b) For the purpose of wrapped parking, indoor active uses shall mean indoor

occupiable spaces designed and intended for tenants, residents or guests. Areas

for circulation, storage, mechanical equipment, utilities, and waste collection shall

not account for more than 15 percent of an area designated as an active use on

any story.

iii. The portion of the building width not required to meet the minimum build-to width

required by the applied Frontage District (Part 3B.) may meet either the standards

for wrapped parking or concealed parking pursuant to Subparagraph b. (Concealed

Parking) above.

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.4. (Automobile Parking)

D. Measurement

City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

1. Opacity

The following rules apply to measuring opacity:

a. Opacity of screening is calculated separately for each level of parking on each building

facade.

b. Minimum opacity is a percentage calculated as the sum of all solid areas on a parking

facade area level divided by the total parking facade area projected horizontally and

perpendicular to the facade area. Also see Sec. 14.2.13. (Opacity (%)) .

c. When a parking structure level uses more than one screening treatment with varying

opacities, the opacity for the entire level is calculated as a weighted average of the

opacities of all the treatments used on the level. The opacity of each screening treatment

is weighted by the percent of the total parking screen facade area covered by that

screening treatment.

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d. Above-grade portions of underground and ground story parking structure facade area

using a green wall meeting the standards of Sec. 3C.4.2.E.3.c. (Living Wall) are considered

to have an opacity of 60 percent.

2. Parking Structure Screen Openings

a. Parking structure screen opening width is measured as the maximum horizontal dimension

of the area not including the parking structure treatment required by the applied

Development Standards District (Part 4B.) . Parking structure screen opening width is

measured parallel to the parking structure facade.

b. Parking structure screen opening height is measured as the maximum vertical dimension

of the area on a parking structure facade that does not include the parking structure

treatment required by the applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.).

E. Exceptions

1. Lots that have a total lot area of less than 30,000 square feet and contain parking structures

where upper stories are required to comply with Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.d. (Wrapped Parking) above,

may design upper story portions of parking structures to comply with the following standards

rather than with Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.d. (Wrapped Parking) above:

a. Upper story motor vehicle use areas shall comply with Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.c. (Adaptable

Parking) ; and

b. The parking structure facades shall meet all standards specified by the applied Frontage

District (Part 3B.) .

2. Lots that are required to comply with Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.c. (Adaptable Parking) above, are

exempted from all Adaptable Parking standards when the standalone or integrated parking

structure is existing.

3. When a project is adding foor areal to an existing parking structure but does not add additional

parking area, the existing parking structure is not required to comply with the standards of

Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.c. (Adaptable Parking) or Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.d. (Wrapped Parking) regardless of

the applied Development Standards District (Part 4B.), and shall follow the standards of Sec.

4C.4.5.C.3.a. (Screened Parking) .

4. Projects adding additional foor areal above an existing parking structure located on a lot

where adaptable parking is required for applicable parking structures shall be exempt from

the standards of Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.c. (Adaptable Parking) for all portions of the existing parking

structure and shall comply with all of the following:

a. Existing parking structures shall be improved to comply with the standards of Sec.

4C.4.5.C.3.d. (Wrapped Parking) along the ground foorl of the existing street-facing parking

structure facades and the standards of Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.a. (Screened Parking) shall apply to

the upper stories of the existing parking structure.

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City of Los Angeles Zoning Code Chapter 1A

b. Any interior portions of the existing parking structure dedicated to existing ramps are

exempt from the standards of Sec. 4C.4.5.C.3.d. (Wrapped Parking) up until there is sufficient space to accommodate a minimum floor-to-ceiling height of nine feet beneath

the ramp.

F. Relief

1. An Alternative Compliance to any parking structure design standards may be granted in

accordance with Sec. 13B.5.1. (Alternative Compliance) .

2. A deviation from any parking structure design dimensional standard of 10 percent or less may

be granted in accordance with Sec. 13B.5.2. (Adjustment) .

3. A deviation from any parking structure design standard may be granted as a variance in

accordance with Sec. 13B.5.3. (Variance) .

Sec. 4C.4.5. (Parking Structure Design) Established by Ord. 188,418, Eff. 01/20/2025, Oper. 01/27/2025

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[ FORM - FRONTAGE - STANDARDS ] [ USE - DENSITY ] Div. 4C.5. (Transportation Demand Management)

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