Fremont Municipal Code Art. III Handling Standards

No hazardous material covered by this chapter shall be managed (stored, handled, created, used, moved, consumed, removed or delivered) without either a permit that has been issued pursuant to this chapter or written approval by the city. Appropriate plans, data, and all other requested information must be submitted by the applicant to demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the city, that adequate provisions have been made for the protection of the community and the environment.

The city of Fremont, a local administering agency, shall require reasonable, site-specific conditions beyond any other applicable codes, when it deems the conditions so warrant.

All plans for installation, construction, repair, modification, use, closure or removal of any underground facility involving hazardous materials covered under this chapter must be approved in advance by the city. Underground facilities include structures such as sumps, separators, storm drains, catch basins, oil field gathering lines, refinery pipelines, lagoons, evaporation ponds, well cellars, separation sumps, lined and unlined pits, and lagoons. Sumps, which are a part of a monitoring system, are not exempt.

Discretion and reasonable judgment will be used in the application of this chapter by the city. The city shall apply technical standards which, in their professional judgment, are appropriate, but in all cases, minimum standards established by relevant state and federal regulations will apply. For additional requirements, see Section 8.35.010(c) and (d).

Any hazardous materials handling procedure not specified in the hazardous materials management plan shall be governed by the criteria in this chapter and applicable minimum standards established in all local, state, and federal regulations will apply. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12300.)

(a) Requirement for Certificate of Occupancy. No person, firm or corporation shall receive a certificate of occupancy for any facility involving the handling of hazardous materials until a permit or approval has been issued pursuant to this chapter.

(b) Monitoring Capability. All facilities intended for the handling of hazardous materials shall be designed and constructed with a monitoring system capable of detecting when the material stored in the primary containment has entered the secondary containment. Daily visual inspection of the primary containment is the preferred method; however, other means of monitoring may be required. Where secondary containment may be subject to the intrusion of water, a means of monitoring for such water intrusion and for safe removal of the water shall be provided.

Whenever monitoring devices are provided, they shall, where applicable, be connected to attention-getting visual and audible alarms, tested at regular intervals and adequately maintained.

(c) Containment Requirements. Primary and secondary levels of containment shall be required for all facilities intended for the storage, use or handling of hazardous materials.

(1) All primary containment shall be product-tight.

(2) Secondary Containment.

(A) All secondary containment shall be constructed of materials of sufficient thickness, density, and composition so as not to be structurally weakened as a result of contact with the hazardous material and so as to be capable of containing hazardous material discharged from a primary container for a period of time equal to or longer than the maximum anticipated time sufficient to allow recovery of the discharged material, but not less than 96 hours in any case.

(B) In the case of an installation with one primary container, the secondary containment shall be large enough to contain at least 110 percent of the volume of the primary container.

(C) In the case of a facility with multiple primary containers, the secondary container shall be large enough to contain 150 percent of the volume of the largest primary container placed in it, or 10 percent of the aggregate internal volume of all primary containers in the facility, whichever is greater.

(D) If the facility is open to rainfall, then the secondary containment must be able to additionally accommodate the volume of a maximum 24-hour rainfall as determined by a 100-year storm history.

(E) If water could enter into the secondary containment, the facility shall contain a means of removing the water.

This removal system shall also provide for a means of analyzing the removed water for hazardous substance contamination and a means of disposing of the water, if so contaminated, by an authorized disposal method.

(F) If the facility is subject to internal fire suppression sprinklers, then the secondary containment must be able to additionally accommodate the volume of a maximum 20-minute sprinkler burst.

(G) Facilities must maintain all required permits with Union sanitary district, California Department of Health Services, and the Bay Area air quality management district.

(3) Laminated, coated, or clad materials shall be considered single-walled and shall not be construed to fulfill the requirements of both primary and secondary containment.

(d) Piping.

(1) All piping, valves, and fittings shall be designed for maximum working pressures and structural stresses to which they may be subjected. They shall be of material suitable for use with the product being handled.

(2) All piping, both aboveground and underground, where subject to external corrosion, shall be cathodically protected in conformance with the requirements of the Uniform Fire Code.

(3) All piping shall be provided with secondary containment as in subsection (c)(2) of this section.

(4) The secondary containment of the piping may lead back to the container’s secondary containment.

(5) Underground pressurized piping that conveys a hazardous substance shall be equipped with an automatic line leak detector which shall be tested at least annually.

(e) Spill and Overflow Protection. Means of spill and overflow protection may be required for any primary container. Underground tanks must have a minimum of 15 gallons of overfill protection for each primary container.

(f) Separation of Materials. Materials which, when combined, may result in a hazardous condition, or may cause a fire or explosion, or the production of a flammable, toxic, or poisonous gas, or the deterioration of a primary or secondary container, shall be separated in both the primary and secondary containment so as to avoid potential intermixing.

(g) Drainage System. Drainage of precipitation from within a facility containing hazardous materials shall be controlled in a manner approved by the city so as to prevent hazardous materials from being discharged to the sanitary sewer or to navigable waterways without the appropriate permits.

(h) Professional Engineer Stamp. The city may require design submittals to bear the signature and stamp of an engineer, or other professional, registered with the state of California.

(1) Technical assistance for completing required documentation may be provided by environmental consultants in the private sector. Reports, documents, and plans which contain engineering, geology, and/or geophysical information must be prepared under the direction of properly licensed individuals in the state of California (Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 6735, 7835 and 7835.1). Responsibility for the technical information is indicated by the signature and stamp of the seal of the licensed individual. More than one signature and seal may be required where more than one professional specialty is included in the technical document submitted.

(2) All borehole and monitoring well logs, excavation procedures, and soil/ground water samplings are to be certified by a registered geologist, certified engineering geologist, or registered engineer.

All subsurface geologic data from boreholes, monitoring wells, trenches, etc., are to be displayed on geologic cross-sections.

(i) Installation of Equipment. All hazardous materials equipment shall be properly installed. Proper installation shall include, but not be limited to, adequate anchoring and support.

(j) Operation and Maintenance of Equipment. All emergency equipment and other equipment, the failure of which may result in an unauthorized spill or significant harm to the environment, the community, or employees, will receive appropriate preventative maintenance, which will be recorded. Calibration, testing and major repairs will be recorded and performed in a timely manner.

(1) All equipment shall be operated only within design limitations and maintained in good working order.

(2) No hazardous materials equipment shall be exposed to significant damage from the routine operation of forklifts, normal traffic, or vandalism. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12301.)

Any existing facility at which hazardous materials are handled must be permitted pursuant to this chapter. Such facilities must be outfitted with a monitoring system (which may be visual inspection) capable of detecting unauthorized releases of any hazardous material(s) therein. Facilities which contain hazardous materials must be monitored in accordance with a plan approved by the city.

(a) A monitoring plan for each facility containing hazardous materials shall be submitted to the city as part of the hazardous materials management plan.

(b) Monitoring under such plan shall include visual inspection of the primary containment wherever practical; however, if visual inspection is not practical, an alternative method of monitoring each facility on a frequent basis may be approved by the city.

(c) Alternative method(s) of monitoring may include, but are not limited to: pressure testing, vacuum testing or hydrostatic testing of systems; vadose and groundwater monitoring well(s) which are downgradient and adjacent to the facility; vapor analysis within the well(s), and an analysis of the soil boring(s) at the time of initial installation of the well(s). The number, depth, location of well(s), and sampling frequency shall be approved by the city and the Alameda County water district.

(d) The continued use of and permit approval for existing facilities is subject to review and modification or termination by the city whenever there has been any reportable unauthorized discharge. It may also be reviewed by the city each time the permit is renewed. In determining whether continued use of a facility is safe, the city shall consider the age and history of the facility, the methods of containment, the methods for monitoring, the feasibility of the retrofit, the concentration of the hazardous materials contained, the severity of potential unauthorized discharge, and the suitability of other long-term preventive measures which meet the intent of this chapter. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12302.)

(a) No facility shall be abandoned.

(b) Facilities which are temporarily out of service, and are intended to be returned to use, must continue to be monitored and inspected. Unless specifically exempted by the city through the HMMP process, such inactive facilities must be returned to use, or closed, within one year of becoming inactive. City may require additional safeguards for any and all inactive facilities as the city deems required to protect the community and/or the environment.

(c) Any facility which is not being monitored and inspected in accordance with this chapter must be closed in a manner approved by the city as specified in the hazardous materials management plan and in accordance with Section 8.35.410(b).

Facilities must submit a closure plan no less than 30 days prior to intended closure or within 60 days of knowledge of intent to close, whichever is earlier.

(d) Any person, firm or corporation having an interest, including a leasehold interest, in real property and having reason to believe that an abandoned hazardous materials facility is located upon such property shall make a reasonable effort to locate such facility and notify the city of its belief.

(e) Whenever an abandoned facility is located, a plan for the closing or the upgrading and permitting of such facility shall be filed by the property owner within 90 days of its discovery. A closure plan, if submitted, shall conform to the standards of a closure plan, as specified in Section 8.35.230(a)(12). (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12303.)

Every permittee under this chapter shall provide testing, certification, maintenance schedules, monitoring, and inspections in compliance with an approved hazardous materials management plan and shall maintain records adequate to demonstrate compliance therewith. A copy of all monitoring reports must be submitted to the city for review upon request by the city. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12304.)

(a) Permittee shall carry out maintenance and upkeep, including minor repairs, in a careful and safe manner. No permit or additional approval will be required for such maintenance and upkeep for aboveground facilities. However, advanced notification for such maintenance is required for underground facilities.

(b) Any substantial modification or repair of a storage facility, other than emergency repairs, shall be in accordance with plans to be submitted to the city and approved in accordance with Section 8.35.410 prior to the initiation of such work.

(c) Permittee may make emergency repairs to a storage facility in advance of seeking an additional permit approval whenever an immediate repair is required to prevent or contain an unauthorized discharge or to protect the integrity of the containment. However, within three working days after such a discovery is made, permittee shall seek approval pursuant to Section 8.35.410 and notify the city of the situation and planned response.

(d) Replacement or significant alteration of any facility or equipment for hazardous materials must be in accordance with the new installation standards for Section 8.35.130.

(e) Access to all equipment for service, maintenance, and inspections shall not pose a hazard to personnel or equipment.

(f) All hazardous material handling equipment will receive appropriate preventative maintenance, which will be recorded. Repairs will be recorded and performed in a timely manner. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12305.)

Cabinets for the storage of hazardous materials shall be of approved construction. Doors shall be self-closing. Cabinets shall be brightly painted and conspicuously labeled on a contrasting background with hazard identification in accordance with NFPA Standard Identification Symbols. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12306.)

(a) All aboveground tanks, pressure vessels and containers permanently installed, mounted or affixed and used for the handling of hazardous materials regulated by this chapter shall be identified in accordance with the Uniform Fire Code. Labels shall conform with the fire code and NFPA Standards for size and color and shall be affixed to each tank, vessel or container so as to be conspicuously visible at all times.

(b) When any tank covered by this section is housed within a building, the building shall have the same hazard identification label in a conspicuous location on the exterior of the building.

(c) Additional means of identification, such as signs containing chemical name, percentage concentration, hazard class, and the posting of inventories or emergency procedures may be required by the city.

(d) Tanks used for manufacturing, or in a batch process, where the characteristics of the materials change to the extent that identification of the actual contents of the tank is not practical, are exempted from these identification requirements. However, at a minimum, they must be labeled “hazardous material” or equivalent.

(e) Handling, dispensing and mixing of hazardous materials must not be done in such manner as to cause or significantly increase the risk of an unauthorized discharge.

(f) When hazardous materials are moved into or out of a facility, they shall remain in the travel path only for the time reasonably necessary to transport the hazardous material and such movement shall be in a manner which will not cause or substantially increase the risk of an unauthorized discharge.

(g) All handling, storage, and transportation equipment must be appropriately labeled. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12307.)

Facilities shall be appropriately secured to prevent unauthorized access. Facilities shall be kept secure when unattended. In some cases, the city may require more protective measures than fences and/or locks. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12308.)

(a) The information in this section is provided for purposes of ensuring the safe and secure handling of the listed hazardous materials, as well as the protection and safety of emergency response personnel:

(1) Radioactive materials;

(2) Ozone generating facilities;

(3) Extremely toxic gases;

(4) Explosives;

(5) Ammonia.

(b) Regulations applicable to each of the aforementioned materials are discussed in detail in the following subsections:

(1) Radioactive Materials.

(A) Durable, clearly visible signs of warning of radiation dangers shall be placed at all entrances to areas or rooms where radioactive materials are used or stored. In addition, each container in which radioactive materials are used, stored or transported shall bear a durable, clearly visible, appropriate warning sign. Such signs shall bear the three-bladed radiation symbol.

(B) Signs are not required for storage of manufactured articles such as instruments or clock dials or electronic tubes or apparatus of which radioactive materials are a component part, and luminous compounds, when securely packed in strong containers, provided the gamma radiation at any surface of the package is less than 10 milliroentgens in 24 hours. Signs are required for radioactive gases and liquids.

(C) When not in use, radioactive materials shall be kept in adequately shielded fire resistant containers of such design that the gamma radiation will not exceed 200 milliroentgens per hour or equivalent at any point of readily accessible surface.

(D) All storage, handling, and use must comply with the rules and regulations of the State Department of Health Services office of radiological safety.

(2) Ozone Generating Facilities. This subsection shall be effective immediately for all facilities. However, facilities which received an occupancy permit before January 1, 1991, may apply for partial or complete exemption from compliance. The city may approve in writing such exemption, at its discretion, for a period of time not to exceed three calendar years.

(A) This chapter applies to generators using corona discharge for ozone production, and to applications in which more than one ultraviolet (UV) generator are connected together. Single ultraviolet (UV) ozone generators for consumer use are exempt.

(B) Cabinets for outdoor use must meet National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standard 250 of Type 3R or better.

(C) Indoor ozone generators must be in an approved sprinklered cabinet vented to an outside safe area. Any discharge to the atmosphere must meet applicable standards. The city may approve a room to act as the secondary containment cabinet if there are adequate safeguards.

(D) The room containing ozone generating equipment is considered to be a hazard area. It shall contain a smoke detector.

(i) The room shall be built with one-hour fire rated separations.

(ii) One exit must be provided for each 500 square feet of floor space.

(iii) There shall be an ozone gas monitoring system which will sound a local alarm, provide a readily visible alarm, and shut down the generator in the event of a leak. It shall alarm to a central emergency control station.

(iv) Background ozone levels are not allowed to exceed the TLV as established by the ACGIH.

(E) Primary ozone piping shall be stainless steel.

(i) Ozone piping will be secondarily contained.

(ii) All ozone piping shall be impervious to ozone.

(iii) All ozone piping shall have the appropriate pressure rating for its use and have welded connections.

(iv) Primary ozone piping does not require secondary containment if the line is operated at negative pressure such that any failure of the pipe would result in ambient air being drawn into the pipe rather than released to the environment.

(F) All regulated ozone generating facilities shall be properly labeled and have an automatic shutdown system which is accessible from a central emergency control station and will operate under any of the following conditions:

(i) When there is a failure of the ventilation of the cabinet and/or room. The preferred method to monitor for an exhaust failure is by detection of a decrease in the exhaust air flow.

(ii) When there is no process demand; i.e., the process is shut down.

(iii) When the aqueous phase oxidation reduction potential is in excess of 1,200 millivolts (mv) or the dissolved ozone concentration exceeds two milligrams per liter (mg/L). The measurement is made in the process water as it is exposed to the atmosphere.

(iv) When the primary containment system is breached, unless there is an operating system which prevents the unsafe buildup of ozone.

(3) Extremely Toxic Gases. This subsection shall be effective immediately for all facilities. However, facilities which have received an occupancy permit before January 1, 1991, may apply for partial or complete exemption from compliance.

The city may approve in writing such exemption, at its discretion, for a period of time not to exceed three calendar years.

(A) Materials regulated under this subsection:

(i) Gases which are listed by EPA as acutely hazardous, gases classified as a Poison A by the United States Department of Transportation, and gases with a TLV of 10 parts per million or less, or equivalent as determined by the city, and are not specifically regulated under other sections of this chapter.

(ii) Materials meeting requirements above and in compressed gas cylinders and act as a gas upon release at ambient temperature and pressure.

(B) All piping and containment vessels shall be secondarily contained.

(i) Secondary containment shall be capable of directing a sudden release into a city-approved discharge abatement system.

(ii) Secondary containment shall be continuously monitored with an approved gas monitoring system.

(C) An automatic shut-off valve which is of a fail-safe-to-close design shall be provided on the system. It shall activate automatically under each of the following conditions:

(i) Gas detection;

(ii) Failure of primary power unless there is an automatic battery power carry-over to emergency power;

(iii) Seismic activation;

(iv) Failure of primary containment;

(v) Activation of automatic or manual fire alarm.

(D) A flow restricting overfill or flow-limiting device shall be installed except in those cases where the corrosive nature of the gas would preclude the installation and/or safe use.

(E) Piping and tubing shall have welded connections throughout unless an exhausted enclosure is provided.

Gases which are incompatible with ferrous piping may be installed in approved nonferrous piping with approved connections.

(F) Emergency power shall be provided for the following unless the facility demonstrates to the city’s satisfaction that it is not necessary to provide standby emergency power to reduce the risk to the community to an acceptable level:

(i) Exhaust ventilation;

(ii) Emergency abatement system;

(iii) Gas detection systems;

(iv) Emergency alarm systems;

(v) Temperature control systems;

(vi) Automatic shut-off valves.

(G) Tanks and cylinders intended for the purpose of dispensing and/or storage shall be provided with excess flow control valves marked with their maximum design flow rate except in those cases where the corrosive nature of the gas would preclude their installation and/or safe use.

(H) An approved continuous gas detection system shall be provided to detect the presence of gas at or below the permissible exposure limit. The detection system shall initiate a local alarm and an alarm at a remote location.

(I) An approved seismically activated valve shall be provided to automatically shut off regulated materials during significant seismic events.

(J) When regulated materials are transported through exit corridors there shall be a local manual alarm station at not more than 150-foot intervals and at each exit doorway throughout the transport route.

(K) Regulated gas systems shall be provided with an individually dedicated inert gas purge system.

(L) Storage of cylinders shall be within independently ventilated gas cabinets or exhaust enclosures without other occupancy or use.

(i) Such exhaust systems shall be designed to abate the accidental release of the total volume of regulated materials that may be contained.

(ii) Such exhaust systems shall be capable of diluting, adsorbing, absorbing, neutralizing or burning the entire contents of regulated material that may be stored within the enclosure and can be released within a five-minute period.

(M) Gas cabinets shall be compatible with the material to be contained within.

(i) They shall be operated at negative pressure in relation to the surrounding area.

(ii) They shall be provided with self-closing limited access ports or fire-rated windows for access to equipment controls.

(iii) The average velocity of ventilation at the face of access ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per minute (fpm) with a minimum of 150 fpm at any point of the access port or window.

(iv) They shall be connected to an exhaust system as specified in subsection (b)(3)(L)(ii) of this section.

(v) They shall be provided with self-closing doors.

(vi) They shall be constructed of not less than 12 gauge steel.

(N) Abatement systems or equivalents shall be utilized to process all exhaust ventilation of regulated materials.

(i) Abatement systems or equivalents shall reduce the maximum allowable concentration at the point of discharge to one-half IDLH or less.

(ii) Abatement systems or equivalents shall be designed to process the maximum worst case release possible.

(O) No regulated material may be within 75 feet of any air intake.

(4) Explosives.

(A) All explosive materials, including binary explosives, must be stored, handled and transported in compliance with all relevant regulations of the Department of the Treasury Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.

(B) No magazine storage for explosive materials may be located closer to inhabited buildings, railway lines, or public highways than the maximum explosive force capacity of the largest quantity of stored material.

(5) Ammonia as a Refrigerant. This subsection shall be effective immediately for all facilities. However, facilities which received an occupancy permit before January 1, 1991, may apply for partial or complete exemption from compliance. The city may approve in writing such exemption, at its discretion, for a period of time not to exceed three calendar years.

(A) A facility with more than 1,000 pounds of ammonia must meet the standards or equivalents set forth in subsection (b)(5)(B) of this section as approved by the city.

(B) Building structure for all new facilities shall comply with the following:

(i) The construction of exterior walls shall be of noncombustible materials.

(ii) Engine room shall be constructed of noncombustible materials.

(iii) Engine room shall be sprinklered.

(iv) For all new facilities, an emergency ventilation system(s) shall be provided, which exhausts to the atmosphere through a water deluge system which can be operated from outside the structure and is easily accessible to emergency responders.

(v) Ammonia receiving units shall be located on the outside of the structure and secured from access by unauthorized personnel.

(C) Appropriate safety cutoffs and control valves shall be installed in an exterior location easily identified and accessible to emergency responders.

(D) All ammonia refrigeration systems shall have approved dual safety relief valves properly installed on all vessels, a remote control system for the king valve, and a remote automatic emergency control for ventilation and compressors easily accessible to emergency responders.

(E) All ammonia compressors must be positively identified through casing numbers and/or the manufacturer’s name plate and identification number.

(i) All ammonia compressors must be specifically designed for use with ammonia refrigerants and operated within design limitations.

(ii) Each ammonia compressor shall have automatically operated internal and external relief valves.

(iii) Multiple compressor plants’ common discharge shall have suction stop valve(s), discharge stop valve(s), and discharge check valve(s).

(iv) Each compressor shall be equipped with a high pressure and a low pressure cutoff switch, and a low differential oil pressure cutoff switch.

(v) No compressor shall be altered, modified, or repaired in such a manner that the integrity of the casing may be impacted unless it has been pressure-recertified by the manufacturer or the insurance underwriter.

(vi) All compressors shall be equipped with readily observable gauges to accurately indicate oil suction and discharge pressures.

(F) All ammonia vessels and heat exchangers over three cubic feet in internal refrigerant volume capacity shall be positively identified through the manufacturer’s name plate and identification number as required in the most recent edition of ANSI/II AR standards.

(i) They shall only be operated within their design limitations.

(ii) Each vessel and heat exchanger shall have appropriate valving as required in the most recent edition of ANSI/II AR standards.

(iii) If signs of surface corrosion appear, they shall be inspected for soundness by a qualified professional with expertise in the field.

(iv) Level indicators shall be installed on each vessel and heat exchanger to accurately reflect the refrigerant level within each unit. They shall be easily read and protected from accidental damage.

(G) Single or dual safety relief valves shall be provided on all vessels, heat exchangers, oil pots, oil stills, and elsewhere on refrigeration equipment wherever appropriate.

(i) Safety relief valves shall be replaced at regular intervals no greater than five years.

(ii) All safety relief valves protecting vessels shall be connected above any liquid level.

(iii) There shall be no stop valves located between a safety relief valve and the part(s) of the system that the valve is designed to protect. A dual relief valve and three-way valve manifold is an acceptable arrangement.

(iv) Safety relief valves shall be appropriately piped to an approved discharge pipe located above any adjacent structure.

(v) No relief valves shall be located in a refrigerated space unless adequate precautions have been taken to prevent the migration of moisture into the valve body and/or the relief vent line.

(H) Ammonia piping and accessories shall be installed as required in the most recent edition of ANSI/II AR standards.

(i) Refrigerant piping shall be coated with a rust preventative and routinely inspected for corrosion.

(ii) Signs of vapor barrier failure shall result in immediate replacement of the insulation and/or vapor barrier.

(iii) All ammonia piping shall have appropriate pipe markers to indicate use and flow direction.

(iv) All oil pots, oil stills, pumps, and evaporators, regardless of size, shall be fitted with a safety relief valve.

(v) All vessels containing liquid ammonia, which can be isolated by valves, shall be protected by safety valves vented either to the atmosphere or to system suction.

(vi) Accumulators or interstage coolers shall be equipped with high-level float switches which will sound an alarm when a level point beyond standards is reached and, where practical, shall cause the compressor(s) to shut down automatically when high levels of refrigerant are detected.

(vii) There shall be a sign in the engine room displaying:

a. Name and address of the installing/servicing contractor;

b. Average and maximum allowed quantities of refrigerant in the system; and

c. The field test pressures.

(viii) There shall be no ammonia cylinders, tank cars, or tank trucks connected to the system unless trained personnel are actually conducting a transfer of ammonia.

(ix) Ice formations that endanger refrigerant piping or other components are prohibited.

(x) Ammonia leaks of any size are prohibited. In the event of the discovery of a leak, it must be repaired as quickly as possible. In the event an ammonia leak is suspected, it must be immediately investigated and receive appropriate mitigation.

(xi) A safety shower and eyewash shall be available within 25 feet of the ammonia engine room.

(I) Unrefrigerated containers shall contain sufficient space to prevent them from being completely full of liquid at temperatures below 130 degrees F (54 degrees C).

(J) All refrigeration equipment shall be designed and operated to prevent the entrance of any liquid.

(K) All liquid ammonia containers shall have a manually operated pressure relief valve which is able to release vapor through an approved diffuser, able to be operated from an external location and easily accessible to emergency responders.

(L) All rooms enclosing containers of liquid ammonia shall have adequate ventilation to provide a minimum of 10 complete exchanges of room air with outside air, every hour. (Ord. 1946 § 6, 11-27-90. 1990 Code § 3-12309.)